CN103413728B - Multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor - Google Patents
Multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103413728B CN103413728B CN201310354698.2A CN201310354698A CN103413728B CN 103413728 B CN103413728 B CN 103413728B CN 201310354698 A CN201310354698 A CN 201310354698A CN 103413728 B CN103413728 B CN 103413728B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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Abstract
A kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit and conventional AC contactor two parts, wherein, conventional AC contactor is made up of break contact, make contact, dynamic iron core, static iron core, back-moving spring, magnet exciting coil, it is characterized in that: described additional electron unit comprises first input end), the second input, the first output, the second output and common port; Wherein, first input end connects one end of pressuring controling switch circuit, and the other end of pressuring controling switch circuit connects one end of the first output and accumulator, the other end of accumulator, the second input, the second output and common port common-battery position; Wherein, first input end, the second input are also connected with the first end of AC voltage, the second end respectively, and the first output port, the second output are also connected with the first end of magnet exciting coil, the second end end respectively.<pb pnum="1" />
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Low Voltage Electrical Apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of electronics technological transformation have concurrently powerful adhesive, economize on electricity noise elimination, the anti-thunder several functions of lightning protection " multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor ".
Background technology
A.C. contactor is a kind of application low-voltage electrical apparatus widely, and end 2012, the A.C. contactor of China's on-line operation reaches 1,000,000,000, and to increase the speed increase of 8,000 ten thousand every year newly.Its operation principle utilizes electromagnet to drive moving contact (make contact) close with fixed contact (break contact) or be separated, and reaches the object switching on or off circuit.It is applicable to start or control three phase induction motor and other power consumption equipment.
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of traditional A.C. contactor.This traditional A.C. contactor is primarily of dynamic iron core, static iron core, magnet exciting coil, back-moving spring, break contact, make contact composition.When magnet exciting coil connects AC220V, AC110V or AC380V voltage (being generally called AC220V, AC110V or AC380V is below AC voltage or field power supply), dynamic iron core closes with static iron core by the effect of the magnetic force of magnet exciting coil generation, the make contact linked with dynamic iron core also closes thereupon, and external circuit is just connected by this make contact; When the AC voltage on magnet exciting coil disconnects, dynamic iron core loss of excitation is also separated with static iron core by the effect of back-moving spring, and make contact resets and disconnects, and external circuit is just cut off thereupon.
In sum, the course of work of this traditional A.C. contactor can be divided into " adhesive ", " sticking ", " reset " three phases:
1, adhesive: magnet exciting coil and AC Voltage On state, dynamic and static iron core adhesive.In this stage, for overcoming
The dynamic inertia of iron core and the elastic force of back-moving spring, field power supply must provide larger power (be " adhesive power " hereinafter referred to as this power), and dynamic and static iron core could adhesive mutually, and " adhesive power " is larger, and adhesive is more simply quicker;
2, sticking: magnet exciting coil continues and AC Voltage On state, dynamic and static iron core continues the state keeping adhesive.In this stage, field power supply need only provide less power (be " holding power " hereinafter referred to as this power), and dynamic and static iron core also can continue adhesive.If in this stage, field power supply provides excessive holding power, will cause waste of energy and cause A.C. contactor unnecessary heating up;
3, reset: magnet exciting coil disconnects AC voltage, dynamic and static iron core " reset " is separated.
The purposes of A.C. contactor varies, and structure also varies, but their operation principle is all identical with Fig. 1.
Traditional A.C. contactor all passes to identical AC voltage with sticking stage magnet exciting coil due to adhesive,
Therefore there is following critical defect:
1, meaningless power consumption: front already described, in adhesive and sticking stage, all passes to " identical " AC voltage, makes holding power excessive, cause meaningless electric energy loss in the magnet exciting coil of traditional A.C. contactor;
2, generate heat: the disastrous effect of meaningless electric energy loss institute association is " heat up heating ", time serious, even can burn the magnet exciting coil of traditional A.C. contactor;
3, the quality " with fortune " of adhesive action: when magnet exciting coil connects AC voltage, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is higher, the powerful adhesive of described conventional AC contactor; On the contrary, described magnet exciting coil connects the moment of AC voltage, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is lower, and the then slow adhesive of described conventional AC contactor, in the case, its make contact or break contact just may burn because striking sparks serious;
4, there is annoying AC noise;
5, power factor (PF) is low.
For the critical defect that traditional A.C. contactor exists, the technical staff in electronics, electrical apparatus industry studying, devising multiple " electricity-saving circuit ", " electricity-saving appliance ", " energy saving ac contactor " for improving traditional A.C. contactor performance." energy-saving alternating current contactor unit " that " high-effect energy-saving ac contactor " that Chinese Patent Application No. is 97216246.1, application number are 94202133.9, application number be 201010144412.4 " a kind of energy saving ac contactor " disclose patent applicant's achievement in research separately; Universities and colleges or the manufacturer on the ground such as Hangzhou, Changzhou, Zhuhai also have " electricity-saving appliance " for improving conventional AC contactor performance to come out.
Above-mentioned prior art, really for improving the performance of conventional AC contactor, having been made useful exploration and having achieved certain achievement, but the defect below ubiquity:
1, complex structure, is difficult to carry out;
2, electronic device used is too many, and electronic circuit is too complicated; Adopt monolithic processor controlled " ac contactor
Device electricity-saving appliance " be then subject to the electromagnetic interference of the electrical equipment such as A.C. contactor itself or motor and cause internal processes execution error, generation " flyer " control by mistake-this mistake control can breed disaster in some occasion!
The product price of 3, implementing to produce is too high, and the price of the QXJB type economizer of AC. contactor that such as Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Co., Ltd produces is up to 1500 yuan/platform! The price of small-sized A.C. contactor just more than 20 yuan, the price of medium-sized A.C. contactor also only has hundreds of unit, and so expensive " QXJB type economizer of AC. contactor " will make user very few.
4, because electronic circuit is complicated, electronic device used is many, and therefore, the economize on electricity of A.C. contactor controls part and is difficult to become one with A.C. contactor, and described economize on electricity controls part separately must establish a box, causes user installation inconvenience, wiring trouble.
5, because electronic circuit is complicated, electronic device used is many, therefore, the power consumption (AC-DC transition loss, IC power consumption, actuator power consumption etc.) of the economize on electricity control part self of A.C. contactor will increase, and what have is even large to the stage comparable with the holding power of small-size contactor.
Above defect is there is, so there is following situation: " current China electricity-saving type A.C. contactor has had certain market, but universal not enough, and traditional A.C. contactor is occupied an leading position at present on user uses just because of prior art.Main cause is that power-saving contactor price is more expensive, and user can't accept in disposable input, awaits country's increasing policy dynamics in the popularization of energy-saving type contactor, promotes the extensive use of energy-saving type contactor ".(list of references 1: money Jinchuan etc. alternating-current contactor energy-saving technology summary. China Electronics market conditions .2011 the 4th phase)
For the present situation of prior art, the present invention want Da to target be: the aim grasping " must to letter to essence; have simple and practical ability only and spread for a long time " and " not best; to only have better ", " application electric technology; rebuild traditional industry ", design a kind of electronic circuit as far as possible device simple, used as far as possible few, price as far as possible honest and clean, performance exceed prior art, " to essence to letter ", have concurrently powerful adhesive, the economize on electricity several functions such as noise elimination, the anti-thunder of lightning protection " multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor ".
Summary of the invention
A kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit and conventional AC contactor two part be made up of break contact DD, make contact DH, dynamic iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil, it is characterized in that: described additional electron unit is provided with N1, N2, P1, P2 tetra-ports, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Input port N1, N2 hold with S1, S2 of AC voltage respectively and are connected, and output port P1, P2 hold with A1, A2 of described magnet exciting coil L respectively and be connected; Its theory structure mode is divided into:
Anti-thunder mode one: be provided with anti lightning road in described additional electron unit, it is made up of N1 end, pressuring controling switch circuit, P1 end, accumulator, P2 end, common port E end, N2 end and anti lightning road; Described P2 end, N2 end are all held with common port E and are connected; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit termination N1 holds, another termination P1 holds; One of described accumulator termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; One of described anti lightning road termination N1 holds, another termination N2 holds;
Anti-thunder mode two: be also provided with anti lightning road in described additional electron unit, it is made up of N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, accumulator, P2 end, pressuring controling switch circuit, N2 end and anti lightning road; Described P1 end, N1 end are all held with common port E and are connected; One of described accumulator termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit termination P2 holds, another termination N2 holds; One of described anti lightning road termination N1 holds, another termination N2 holds;
Omission mode one: described additional electron unit eliminates anti lightning road, it is held by N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, accumulator, P2 end, pressuring controling switch circuit and N2 and forms; Described P1 end, N1 end are all held with common port E and are connected; One of described accumulator termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit termination P2 holds, another termination N2 holds;
Omission mode two: described additional electron unit also omit anti lightning road, it is held by N1 end, pressuring controling switch circuit, P1 end, accumulator, P2 end, common port E end and N2 and forms; Described P2 end, N2 end are all held with common port E and are connected; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit termination N1 holds, another termination P1 holds; One of described accumulator termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds.
It is combined that described mode pressed by described additional electron unit and conventional AC contactor, can form novel " multifunction electric gives type A.C. contactor ".
Described pressuring controling switch circuit is made up of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, accumulator is made up of electric capacity C, the ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 of anti lightning route forms.
The circuit structure mode of described additional electron unit is divided into:
Anti-thunder mode one: described additional electron unit is held by N1, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, P1 hold, electric capacity C, P2 hold, common port E holds, N2 holds and ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 forms; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 termination N1 holds, another termination P1 holds; One of described electric capacity C termination P1 holds, other end P2 holds; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 termination N1 holds, another termination N2 holds; P2, N2 all meet common port E and hold;
Anti-thunder mode two: described additional electron unit is held by N1, common port E holds, P1 holds, electric capacity C, P2 hold, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, N2 hold and ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 forms; Described N1, P1 end all meets common port E and holds; One of described electric capacity C termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 termination P2 holds, another termination N2 holds; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 termination N1 holds, another termination N2 holds;
Omission mode one: N1 is held, common port E holds, P1 end, electric capacity C, P2 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, N2 end are in series successively and namely form described additional electron unit;
Omission mode two: described additional electron unit is held by N1, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, P1 hold, electric capacity C, P2 hold, common port E holds, N2 holds to be in series successively and forms.
Described additional electron unit has to the random AC voltage connected the function automatically differentiated: when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is less than the threshold voltage of described pressuring controling switch circuit, A.C. contactor not adhesive; Otherwise, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage be greater than described threshold voltage, its adhesive power provided enough large time, A.C. contactor just powerful adhesive.
Described anti lightning road and AC voltage are in parallel, and the input N1 of one termination additional electron unit holds, and the input N2 that other end attachment adds electronic unit holds; It is characterized in that: before N1, N2 end described in thunder and lightning arrives, it is in open-circuit condition; Thunder and lightning arrive N1, N2 end and the puncture voltage UT2 of lightning voltage > ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 time, its short circuit conducting.
Application the present invention, can obtain following beneficial effect:
1, inexpensive: for improvement of " the additional electron unit " to essence to letter of conventional AC contactor performance in the present invention, only have ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2, electric capacity C tri-electronic components, total cost is less than 0.4 yuan.Do not needing the occasion of anti-thunder, " additional electron unit " then only has ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, electric capacity C bis-electronic components.Only spend a few mao, conventional AC contactor just can be made to be promoted to " multifunction electric gives type A.C. contactor " of premium properties, solve the problem that list of references 1 discloses: " current China electricity-saving type A.C. contactor has had certain market; but universal not enough, traditional A.C. contactor is occupied an leading position at present on user uses.Main cause is that power-saving contactor price is more expensive, user can't accept in disposable input, await country's increasing policy dynamics in the popularization of energy-saving type contactor, promote the extensive use of energy-saving type contactor ", for electricity-saving type A.C. contactor spread creates condition;
2, thing is beautiful: the volume of above-mentioned several electronic component is all fine, they can be integrated into the inside of conventional AC contactor, that manufacture integration, that outward appearance is pleasing electricity-saving type A.C. contactor.This point, prior art is all too far behind to catch up, be difficult to accomplish;
3, reliable: the reliability of electronic product and the quantity of electronic device used are inversely proportional to, price and used
The quantity of electronic device be directly proportional.Electronic device used is more, and electronic circuit is more complicated, just means that reliability is lower, price is higher.The present invention only uses two (or three) electronic devices, and is all the power-type device not being afraid of electromagnetic interference of forceful electric power, and therefore, not only cost is low, and reliability is high;
4, lengthen the life: the CJX2-0910 A.C. contactor of a traditional CJX2-0910 A.C. contactor, a same model transformed with " additional electron unit " of the present invention, after the same place that room temperature is 34 DEG C runs 10 hours simultaneously, the temperature on the former surface has surpassed 60 DEG C, touches scalding one's hand; The latter, the temperature on surface is still room temperature.Temperature rise is the formidable enemy of electronics, electric equipment products, and temperature rise is higher, and the useful life of product is shorter, otherwise useful life just can extend.Therefore, the present invention has " lengthening the life " function extending product useful life;
5, quick: the present invention is provided with " threshold voltage ", AC voltage be greater than " threshold voltage ", " adhesive power " enough large time, A.C. contactor just does adhesive action.Therefore, adhesive action of the present invention is strong and powerful, clear, sucting speed is fast.The advantage of quick pick-up of the present invention, can reduce the electric arc of contact, prevent contact from burning inefficacy, has important effect to protection contact, prolongation contactor life-span.
6, economize on electricity: temperature rise is low, be the visualize of economize on electricity, measured result also shows, the present invention has higher electric energy.
In order to survey electric energy of the present invention, just making model machine (only need several electronic component, model machine is easy to do), having measured the index of following two kinds of A.C. contactors with " EPM8200 multifunctional electrical parameter measuring instrument " respectively:
(1) the CJX2-0910 type conventional AC contactor (hereinafter referred to as traditional part) of the present invention's it " additional electron unit ", is not added;
(2), by method of the present invention, described CJX2-0910 type conventional AC contactor adds novel " multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor " (hereinafter referred to as the present invention) that " additional electron unit " is transformed afterwards.
Result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Above measured result shows: " active power power saving rate " of the present invention reaches 68%, and " apparent power power saving rate " reaches 87%.
After application the present invention, every CJX2-0910 type A.C. contactor can power saving 8.8va.1,000,000,000 A.C. contactors in the whole nation (all by the calculating of CJX2-0910 type) then can power saving 8,800,000 Kva, and the total installation of generating capacity in hydraulic engineering the biggest in the world-power station, the Yangtze River Gorges is 1,820 ten thousand Kva.If 1,000,000,000 A.C. contactors in the whole nation all apply this patent, be then equivalent to build power station, nearly half Yangtze River Gorges, show the large economic and social profit of tool that the present invention is contained!
7, noise elimination.After nineteen twenty-four, the first in the world A.C. contactor was born, AC noise and A.C. contactor with regard to " as shade with ", the stage that the AC noise of industry Inner personnel to conventional AC contactor reaches " customary, face the fearful with no fears ".The present invention can accomplish quiet noiseless, even if in the dead of night, also can't hear noise, makes industry Inner onlooker express one's surprise, wonder, etc in fact.
8, anti-thunder.The anti-thunder of the present invention ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 used is 10 psecs and 10ps(picosecond after thunder and lightning arrives, and 1 psec equals trillionth second) internal short-circuit conducting, can effectively resist the thunder and lightning imported into from AC power supplies.
9, PF is risen.Front already described, measured result shows: the power factor (PF) (Power factor and PF) of conventional AC contactor is only 0.277, and after applying the present invention, PF rises to 0.682.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of conventional AC contactor;
Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is AC voltage oscillogram;
Fig. 5 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 in t2 ~ t3 time domain:
Fig. 6 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 when t=th:
Fig. 7 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 when t=t3:
Fig. 8 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 in t3 ~ t4 time domain:
Fig. 9 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 when t=t4:
Figure 10 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 in t5 ~ t6 time domain:
Figure 11 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 when t=t6:
Figure 12 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 in t6 ~ t7 time domain
Figure 13 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 2:
Figure 14 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 2;
Figure 15 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 3:
Figure 16 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 3;
Figure 17 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 4:
Figure 18 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 4.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of the embodiment 1 of the present invention being provided with anti lightning road, and Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 1.In Fig. 2, Fig. 3: L is the magnet exciting coil in conventional AC contactor, A1, A2 are its two connectivity ports; Dashed rectangle 100 represents additional electron unit of the present invention, and it is four port networks with two inputs and N1 and N2 end, two outputs and P1 and P2 end; In described additional electron unit 100 101 be pressuring controling switch circuit, 102 be accumulator, 103 for anti lightning road.
Composition graphs 2; A kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional AC contactor two part be made up of break contact DD, make contact DH, dynamic iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L, it is characterized in that: described additional electron unit 100 has N1, N2, P1, P2 tetra-ports, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Its theory structure and connected mode are: described additional electron unit 100 is held by N1, pressuring controling switch circuit 101, P1 hold, accumulator 102, P2 hold, common port E holds, N2 holds and anti lightning road 103 forms; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 termination N1 holds, another termination P1 holds; One of described accumulator 102 termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; One of described anti lightning road 103 termination N1 holds, another termination N2 holds; Described P2 end, N2 end are all held with common port E and are connected; Input port N1, N2 hold with S1, S2 of AC voltage respectively and are connected, and output port P1, P2 hold with A1, A2 of magnet exciting coil L respectively and be connected.
Described additional electron unit 100 is combined by described mode with conventional AC contactor, can form novel " multifunction electric gives type A.C. contactor ".
Composition graphs 2, Fig. 3 again: described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 is made up of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, accumulator 102 is made up of electric capacity C, anti lightning road 103 is made up of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2.
The circuit structure of the present embodiment 1 is: described additional electron unit 100 is held by N1, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, P1 hold, electric capacity C, P2 hold, common port E holds, N2 holds and ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 forms; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 termination N1 holds, another termination P1 holds; One of described electric capacity C termination P1 holds, other end P2 holds; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 termination N1 holds, another termination N2 holds; P2, N2 all meet common port E and hold;
The course of work of the present embodiment 1 is set forth below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art: the ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 in anti lightning road 103 is before thunder and lightning arrives N1, N2 end, and it is in open-circuit condition, therefore, when setting forth the course of work of the present embodiment 1, visual its " does not exist ".
Composition graphs 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4: be from the mathematic(al) representation of the AC voltage of S1, S2 end input:
u＝Umsin（2πft＋φ）
In above formula: u is the instantaneous value of AC voltage, Um is the amplitude of AC voltage, and f is the frequency of AC voltage, and φ is the initial phase angle of AC voltage.
For concise explanation, now suppose initial phase angle φ=0, then the expression formula of the instantaneous value u of AC voltage is:
u＝Umsin2πft
Its waveform as shown in Figure 4.In figure: t represents the time.
During t=t1, AC Voltage On state, now, before AC Voltage On state, electric capacity C and magnet exciting coil L electric discharge terminates all, therefore the voltage at electric capacity C two ends (i.e. the output voltage of additional electron unit 100) UC=0; In this t=t1 moment, the instantaneous value of AC voltage:
u1＝Umsin2πft1＜UT1
In above formula, UT1 is the puncture voltage (be threshold voltage hereinafter referred to as this puncture voltage UT1) of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1.
Because the ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 of u1=Umsin2 π ft1 < UT1 event is equivalent to open circuit, the output voltage UC=0 of additional electron unit 100, A.C. contactor not adhesive.
Composition graphs 1, professional and technical personnel should be clear: if be directly applied on the magnet exciting coil L of conventional AC contactor by the instantaneous value u1=Umsin2 π ft1 of the AC voltage in t=t1 moment, then may produce one of following bad phenomenon:
1, the value of u1 is too low, and its magnetic force produced is less than the elastic force of back-moving spring F, A.C. contactor power consumption in vain and not adhesive;
2, the value of u1 is large not, and its magnetic force produced is only slightly larger than the elastic force of back-moving spring F, and the inadequate and slow ground adhesive of A.C. contactor, its contact subjects to scaling loss because the sparking time is longer.
Above-mentioned phenomenon is one of shortcoming of conventional AC contactor.
When composition graphs 3, Fig. 4: t=t2, the instantaneous value of AC voltage:
u2＝Umsin2πft2＞UT1
Ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 punctures conducting, is equivalent to short circuit.Composition graphs 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 again, because ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 punctures conducting, the charging current i23 that AC voltage just provides, electric capacity C, magnet exciting coil L just obtain the charging current of ic23, iL23 respectively.
Composition graphs 4, Fig. 6, during to t=th, the charging current that AC voltage provides is Ih, and electric capacity C, magnet exciting coil L obtain the charging current of Ich, ILh respectively.
The voltage at additional electron unit 100 output voltage and electric capacity C or magnet exciting coil L two ends is enough high, is:
Uch＝uh＝Umsin2πfth
In above formula, Uch represents the output voltage of additional electron unit 100 when t=th.
During t=th, AC voltage has ordered about magnet exciting coil L and has obtained enough strong charging current and exciting current ILh, enough greatly, under the effect of enough large adhesive power that produces of enough strong Uch, ILh, A.C. contactor just powerful adhesive enter sticking state.
Analyze so far, can reach a conclusion: additional electron unit 100 has to the random AC voltage connected the function automatically differentiated: instantaneous value u=Umsin2 π ft < UT1(and threshold voltage when AC voltage) time, the voltage U C=0 that described additional electron unit 100 exports, A.C. contactor not adhesive; When the instantaneous value u=Umsin2 π ft > UT1 of AC voltage, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 punctures conducting, AC voltage provides adhesive power are enough large, A.C. contactor just powerful adhesive.
In brief: additional electron unit 100 has to the random AC voltage connected the function automatically differentiated: when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is less than threshold voltage UT1, A.C. contactor not adhesive; Otherwise, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage be greater than threshold voltage UT1, its adhesive power provided enough large time, A.C. contactor just powerful adhesive.
Therefore, as long as select the sufficiently high ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 of UT1, can guarantee that A.C. contactor adhesive is strong and powerful.
Be provided with threshold voltage, can guarantee that A.C. contactor adhesive is strong and powerful, clear, sucting speed is fast.The feature of quick pick-up of the present invention, can reduce the electric arc of contact, prevent contact from burning inefficacy, and to protection contact, extend the A.C. contactor life-span and have important effect, being the important function of the present invention, is also one of significant advantage of the present invention.
Again when composition graphs 4, Fig. 7, t=t3, AC voltage is in S1 and holds as high level, S2 end are low level positive half cycle, and namely S1 holds is anode, S2 end is negative terminal, and its instantaneous value is u3=Umsin2 π ft3;
The voltage at electric capacity C two ends is charged to UC3, and the voltage at ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 two ends is that u3-UC3=Umsin2 π ft3-UC3 < UT1 makes that it turns off, it is equivalent to open circuit.
Composition graphs 4, Fig. 8 again, in the time domain of t3 ~ t4:
Due to ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 turn off, it is equivalent to open circuit, therefore, be equivalent to additional electron unit 100 and disconnect with AC voltage;
Before AC voltage disconnects, electric capacity C and magnet exciting coil L all contains electric energy;
Energy is released in electric capacity C electric discharge, and its discharging current is ic34; Because the electric current on magnet exciting coil L can not suddenly change, therefore it take electric current as iL34 " afterflow "; The discharging current ic34 of electric capacity C, both freewheel current iL34 numerical value of magnet exciting coil L are equal, and direction is complementary, and A.C. contactor continues to keep sticking state with electric capacity C and magnet exciting coil L complementation electric discharge.
In other words: in the time domain that ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 turns off, the electric energy that A.C. contactor relies on electric capacity C and magnet exciting coil L to store and maintain sticking state.
When composition graphs 4, Fig. 9, t=t4:
AC voltage is in S2 and holds as high level, S1 end are low level negative half period, and namely S2 holds is anode, S1 end is negative terminal, and its instantaneous value is u4=Umsin2 π ft4;
As previously mentioned, in the time domain of the t3 ~ t4 before the t=t4 moment, electric capacity C discharges to magnet exciting coil L, when being discharged to t=t4, because the voltage on electric capacity can not suddenly change, thus electric capacity C remain P1 end for just, P2 end for negative voltage U c4(herein, claim voltage U c4 to be " residual voltage ");
Now, the voltage at ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 two ends is:
Uc4＋u4＝Uc4＋Umsin2πft4＞UT1
Ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 punctures conducting, is equivalent to short circuit; AC voltage charges to electric capacity C again, and charging current is ic45a;
Set forth so far, composition graphs 4, it is again emphasized that: the t=t10 point in " zero crossing " i.e. t3 ~ t4 time domain of AC voltage by just half circumferential negative half period transition, AC voltage be zero but electric capacity C remain P1 end for just, P2 end for bear voltage.
When close to the t=t4 moment, the freewheel current of magnet exciting coil L is iL45, and because the electric current on inductance can not suddenly change, therefore after the t=t4 moment, it is still by the afterflow of former direction.According to the polarity of now AC voltage, the charging current i45 that AC voltage exports can not provide this afterflow iL45, and the residual voltage Uc4 now on electric capacity C just in time can provide described afterflow iL45, therefore the residual voltage Uc4 on electric capacity C is not the path by TVS1-N1-S1-S2, namely not by AC tension discharge (if so, power factor will decline) but by the path of P1-L-P2, discharge with discharging current ic45b=iL45 and magnet exciting coil L complementation, make magnetic coil L maintenance " afterflow ".This is the major reason of power factor of the present invention far above the power factor of conventional AC contactor.Power factor is high, and being the important function of the present invention, is also one of significant advantage of the present invention.
During to t=t5, " afterflow " current i L45 of magnet exciting coil L is progressively down to zero, and the present invention enters the state represented by Figure 10: the charging current i56 that AC voltage provides, and electric capacity C, magnet exciting coil L obtain the charging current of ic56, iL56 respectively.
When composition graphs 4, Figure 11, t=t6, AC voltage is in the negative half period that S1 end is low level, S2 end is high level, and namely S1 holds as negative terminal, S2 end are anode, and its instantaneous value is u6=Umsin2 π ft6; The voltage at electric capacity C two ends is charged to UC6, and the voltage at ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 two ends is:
U6-UC6=Umsin2 π ft6-UC6 < UT1 and make that it turns off, it is equivalent to open circuit.
Composition graphs 4, Figure 12, in the time domain of t6 ~ t7: due to ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 turn off, it is equivalent to open circuit, therefore, be equivalent to additional electron unit 100 and disconnect with AC voltage;
Before AC voltage disconnects, electric capacity C and magnet exciting coil L all contains electric energy;
Energy is released in electric capacity C electric discharge, and its discharging current is ic67; Because the electric current on magnet exciting coil L can not suddenly change, therefore it take electric current as iL67 " afterflow "; The discharging current ic67 of electric capacity C, both freewheel current iL67 numerical value of magnet exciting coil L are equal, and direction is complementary, and A.C. contactor continues to keep sticking state with electric capacity C and magnet exciting coil L complementation electric discharge.
Set forth so far, composition graphs 4, Figure 12, it is again emphasized that: AC voltage by negative half period to the t=t20 point in " zero crossing " i.e. t6 ~ t7 time domain of positive half cycle transition, AC voltage be zero but electric capacity C remain P1 end for negative, P2 end be positive voltage.
During to t=t7, the voltage at ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 two ends is greater than its threshold voltage UT1, and it punctures conducting again, and electric capacity C and magnet exciting coil enter again the state of charging energy-storing.Repetitive cycling like this, can ensure the sticking state that A.C. contactor keeps stable.
The check analysis of the present embodiment and conventional AC contactor:
One, adhesive
The present embodiment have selected the ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode with suitable threshold voltage UT1
TVS1, the magnetic force that enough high, the magnet exciting coil L of voltage produces on electric capacity C is enough strong, be enough to forcefully rapidly pull-core time, the present embodiment just powerful adhesive.
Before already described, this function of the present embodiment is epochmaking, and insider is all known: iron core adhesive is more clear-cut quicker, and the possibility that contact draws the time of arc discharge shorter, contact to burn is less, and the useful life of A.C. contactor is more permanent.This function is especially aobvious precious to high-power higher-priced A.C. contactor.
Conventional AC contactor is quite different, and it is to the function of the random AC voltage connected without discriminating, entirely with " fortune ".Lucky, AC voltage is at u=Umsin(ω t+ φ)=Um time connect, then adhesive forcefully; Most time is then " unlucky ".If for the minimum exciting voltage that overcomes back-moving spring elastic force absolute value (namely the absolute value) Wei ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣=U0 of minimum pick-up voltage is then:
(1) if connect when the Shun Shi Zhi ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣=U0 of AC voltage, its just adhesive reluctantly and feebly;
(2) if connect when the Shun Shi Zhi ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣ < U0 of AC voltage, its just power consumption in vain and can not adhesive, power consumption always to AC voltage instantaneous value Shang Sheng just adhesive reluctantly and feebly when ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣=U0.
One of reason that the contact of Here it is the especially high-power higher-priced conventional AC contactor of conventional AC contactor often burns out, is also that the power consumption of conventional AC contactor is high, one of the reason of temperature rise.
Two, noise
Conventional AC contactor is in the sticking stage, be input to AC voltage in magnet exciting coil when " zero passage " (AC voltage is by just half circumferential negative half period or negative half period " zero crossing " to positive half cycle transition), electricity Ya ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣ < U0 during the Shun of zero crossings, the magnetic force that magnet exciting coil produces is less than the elastic force of back-moving spring, dynamic iron core will leave static iron core, but when it has just left a very little segment distance, the instantaneous value u of AC voltage has been Shanged and has been Shenged Wei ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣ > U0, so the dynamic iron core left is retracted by magnetic force again, dynamic, static iron core is adhesive again.In the process, it is 100Hz(50Hz alternating current that the silicon steel sheet in dynamic and static iron core can produce frequency) or 120Hz(60Hz alternating current) mechanical vibration noise.
Front already described, the present embodiment is when AC voltage " zero passage ", and electric capacity C remains certain voltage, and this voltage and magnet exciting coil L complementation are discharged, and can ensure the sticking state that A.C. contactor keeps stable.Therefore there is not above-mentioned mechanical vibration noise.The quiet operation without making an uproar of experimental prototype of the present embodiment demonstrates the correctness of above-mentioned analysis.Noise elimination runs, and is one of function of the present invention.
Three, power consumption
1, conventional AC contactor is all connected with AC voltage (or claiming full-time territory to be energized) in sticking state, and the holding power that AC voltage provides is excessive, causes waste of energy and causes A.C. contactor unnecessary heating up;
2, in the present embodiment, AC voltage is only at the local temporal of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 short circuit conducting, the time domain (namely the angle of flow is the time domain of Q1) of such as t2 ~ t3, the time domain (namely the angle of flow is the time domain of Q2) of t4 ~ t6 are to electric capacity C and magnet exciting coil L charging energy-storing, therefore, power consumption is much smaller than conventional AC contactor.Saves energy is the most important function of the present invention.
Four, power factor (PF)
The magnet exciting coil of conventional AC contactor is perceptual device, and power factor (PF) must be low.
The present embodiment is at the two ends of magnet exciting coil L and met electric capacity C, and the magnet exciting coil L of perception and the electric capacity C of capacitive compensates mutually, and power factor (PF) must improve.
Power factor (PF) is high, is also one of function of the present invention.
Below, the anti-thunder course of work of the present embodiment is set forth:
Composition graphs 2, Fig. 3, anti lightning road 103 and the AC voltage of the present embodiment are in parallel, and the input N1 of one termination additional electron unit 100 holds, and the input N2 that other end attachment adds electronic unit 100 holds; It is made up of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2, and feature is: before N1, N2 end described in thunder and lightning arrives, it is in open-circuit condition; Thunder and lightning arrive N1, N2 end and the puncture voltage UT2 of lightning voltage > ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 time, its short circuit conducting.
Thunder and lightning arrives N1, N2 end, and while causing ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 short circuit conducting, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 is inevitable short circuit conducting also.So, the present invention just can receive following anti-thunder effect;
1, due to the short circuit conducting of described TVS1, TVS2, cause: just " reset ", the electrical equipment controlled by A.C. contactor is just disconnected AC voltage, these electrical equipment just receive " anti-thunder " of the present invention protection for the output voltage UC=0 of additional electron unit 100, A.C. contactor;
2, due to the short circuit conducting of described TVS2, cause: upper level distribution facility (such as air switch) excess load trips, also will be subject to " anti-thunder " of the present invention protection by the electrical appliance in the region that this distribution facility controls.
" anti-thunder " is one of function of the present invention.
The circuit theory diagrams that the functional-block diagram that Figure 13 is the embodiment 2 being provided with anti lightning road, Figure 14 are embodiment 2.
In conjunction with Figure 13: the theory structure of the present embodiment 2 is: a kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional AC contactor two part be made up of break contact DD, make contact DH, dynamic iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L, it is characterized in that: described additional electron unit 100 has N1, N2, P1, P2 tetra-ports, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Its structure and connected mode are: described additional electron unit 100 is held by N1, common port E, P1 hold, accumulator 102, P2 hold, pressuring controling switch circuit 101, N2 hold and anti lightning road 103 forms; Described P1 end, N1 end are all held with common port E and are connected; One of described accumulator 102 termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 termination P2 holds, another termination N2 holds; One of described anti lightning road 103 termination N1 holds, another termination N2 holds; Input port N1, N2 hold with S1, S2 of AC voltage respectively and are connected, and output port P1, P2 hold with A1, A2 of magnet exciting coil L respectively and be connected.
Again in conjunction with Figure 13, Figure 14: described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 is made up of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, accumulator 102 is made up of electric capacity C, anti lightning road 103 is made up of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2.
The circuit structure of the present embodiment 2 is: described additional electron unit is held by N1, common port E holds, P1 holds, electric capacity C, P2 hold, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, N2 hold and ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 forms; Described N1, P1 end all meets common port E and holds; One of described electric capacity C termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 termination P2 holds, another termination N2 holds; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 termination N1 holds, another termination N2 holds;
Compared with the circuit structure of embodiment 1, although variation has been done in the ambipolar position of transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 in the present embodiment 2, operation principle, the course of work of the present embodiment 2 are still identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art: do not needing the occasion of " anti-thunder ", anti lightning road 103 can be omitted; Omit the present invention that anti lightning road 103 is later, operation principle, the course of work are all identical with embodiment 1.
In other words: the circuit of anti lightning road 103 non-indispensability in the present invention, the anti lightning road 103 described in omission, the present invention still possesses the function of economize on electricity noise elimination and quick pick-up.
Figure 15 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 3, which omits anti lightning road 103, theory structure is: a kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional AC contactor two part be made up of break contact DD, make contact DH, dynamic iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L, it is characterized in that: described additional electron unit 100 has N1, N2, P1, P2 tetra-ports, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Its structure and connected mode are: described additional electron unit 100 is held by N1, common port E holds, P1 holds, accumulator 102, P2 hold, pressuring controling switch circuit 101 and N2 hold and form; Described P1 end, N1 end are all held with common port E and are connected; One of described accumulator 102 termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 termination P2 holds, another termination N2 holds; Input port N1, N2 hold with S1, S2 of AC voltage respectively and are connected, and output port P1, P2 hold with A1, A2 of magnet exciting coil L respectively and be connected.
In conjunction with Figure 16, the circuit structure of the present embodiment 3 is: N1 end, common port E hold, P1 end, electric capacity C, P2 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, N2 end are in series successively and namely form described additional electron unit 100;
The present embodiment 3 is the new embodiment redesigned after embodiment 1 omits anti lightning road 103, and its operation principle, the course of work and the various functions except anti-thunder function are all identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.
Figure 17 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 4, it also omit anti lightning road 103, theory structure is: a kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional AC contactor two part be made up of break contact DD, make contact DH, dynamic iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L, it is characterized in that: described additional electron unit 100 has N1, N2, P1, P2 tetra-ports, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Its structure and connected mode are: described additional electron unit 100 is held by N1, pressuring controling switch circuit 101, P1 hold, accumulator 102, P2 hold, common port E holds and N2 holds and forms; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 termination N1 holds, another termination P1 holds; One of described accumulator 102 termination P1 holds, another termination P2 holds; Described P2 end, N2 end are all held with common port E and are connected; Input port N1, N2 hold with S1, S2 of AC voltage respectively and are connected, and output port P1, P2 hold with A1, A2 of magnet exciting coil L respectively and be connected.
In conjunction with Figure 18, the circuit structure of the present embodiment 4 is: described additional electron unit is held by N1, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, P1 hold, electric capacity C, P2 hold, common port E holds, N2 holds to be in series successively and forms.
The present embodiment 4 is another the new embodiment redesigned after embodiment 1 omits anti lightning road 103, and its operation principle, the course of work and the various functions except anti-thunder function are all identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.
The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but should be understood that, above-described embodiment just for the object of illustrating and illustrate, and is not intended to the present invention to be limited in described scope of embodiments.In addition it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, more kinds of variants and modifications can also be made according to instruction of the present invention, within these variants and modifications all drop on the present invention's scope required for protection.Protection scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims and equivalent scope thereof.
Claims (1)
1. a multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit and conventional AC contactor two parts, wherein, conventional AC contactor is made up of break contact (DD), make contact (DH), dynamic iron core (M), static iron core (G), back-moving spring (F), magnet exciting coil (L), it is characterized in that:
Described additional electron unit is made up of five ports and two electronic components, and described five ports are first input end (N1), the second input (N2), the first output (P1), the second output (P2) and common port (E) respectively;
Described two electronic components are ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS1) and electric capacity (C) respectively, and wherein ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS1) is as the pressuring controling switch circuit in additional electron unit; Electric capacity (C) is as the accumulator in additional electron unit;
The circuit connection structure of described additional electron unit is: first input end (N1) connects one end of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS1), the other end of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS1) connects one end of the first output (P1) and electric capacity (C), the other end of electric capacity (C), the second input (N2), the second output (P2) and common port (E) common-battery position;
Wherein, first input end (N1), the second input (N2) are also connected with the first end (S1) of AC voltage, the second end (S2) respectively, and the first output port (P1), the second output (P2) are also held be connected with the first end (A1) of magnet exciting coil (L), the second end (A2) respectively.
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| CN202231682U (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-05-23 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Household automatic power switch |
| CN102543579B (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2014-08-06 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Power-saving and silencing alternating-current contactor |
| CN102637554B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2014-09-10 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Frequency conversion unit used for alternating current contactor |
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Inventor after: Huang Yanju Inventor after: Zhao Yong Inventor after: Li Xiaoning Inventor after: Yu Rui Inventor after: Jiao Min Inventor after: Liu Tao Inventor after: Du Wei Inventor after: Li Jianjie Inventor after: Zhou Bin Inventor after: Liu Jiang Inventor after: Zhang Shaojing Inventor after: Lv Yongquan Inventor after: Cao Yuan Inventor after: Yan Zhiwei Inventor after: Meng Bo Inventor after: Gai Pengyu Inventor after: Liu Yuhua Inventor after: Zheng Xiaoyang Inventor after: Liu Jie Inventor after: Wang Jingang Inventor after: Shang Zhen Inventor after: He Xiangyong Inventor after: Luo Xiaoming Inventor after: Liu Jia Inventor after: Ren Yi Inventor after: Cao Weilong Inventor before: Wang Mengjin |
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Effective date of registration: 20150928 Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Applicant after: State Grid Corporation of China Applicant after: BINZHOU POWER SUPPLY COMPANY, STATE GRID SHANDONG ELECTRIC POWER CO., LTD. Applicant after: SHANDONG BINZHOU DONGLI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Address before: 315200 Zhejiang province Zhenhai District of Ningbo City Jiao Chuan Ying Shi Qiao Zhu No. 74 Applicant before: Ningbo Zhenhai Huatai Electric Factory |
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