CN103410961A - Interlocking type gear shifting device of electric automobile - Google Patents
Interlocking type gear shifting device of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN103410961A CN103410961A CN2013103822747A CN201310382274A CN103410961A CN 103410961 A CN103410961 A CN 103410961A CN 2013103822747 A CN2013103822747 A CN 2013103822747A CN 201310382274 A CN201310382274 A CN 201310382274A CN 103410961 A CN103410961 A CN 103410961A
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- gear
- worm gear
- worm
- interlocking
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Abstract
The invention relates to an interlocking type gear shifting device of an electric automobile. The interlocking type gear shifting device comprises a first gear shifting mechanism and a second gear shifting mechanism. The first gear shifting mechanism and the second gear shifting mechanism are both arranged in a transmission box, an interlocking mechanism is arranged between a first worm gear and a second worm gear, the first worm gear is interlocked with the second worm gear through the interlocking mechanism, and a sensor detects the rotation states of the first worm gear and the second worm gear. By means of the interlocking type gear shifting device of the electric automobile, gear shifting time is short, a gear selecting device is not required to be arranged additionally, and the structure is compact. The cost of a transmission is greatly reduced, and large-batch production is facilitated. Interlocking of the two worm gears is achieved through an interlocking steel ball, the interlocking structure prevents gear disorder caused by the fact that a motor is subjected to external disturbing or receives wrong control signals and a gear shifting motor works simultaneously, and the device is reliable in performance and suitable for the multi-gear electric automobile. The device has excellent expansibility and can be designed into a multi-gear shifting device according to actual design requirements of automobiles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the vehicle drive system technical field, particularly electric vehicle transmission system technical field, specifically refer to a kind of interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle.
Background technique
Because motor itself possesses speed adjusting performance, therefore in the power assembly of initial pure electric automobile, the mode that usually adopts drive motor to join the single speed ratio speed reducer realizes stepless speed regulation.But the development along with electric vehicle, requirement to electric vehicle is also more and more higher, the deficiency aspect power character, Economy, continual mileage of mode that drive motor is joined the single speed ratio speed reducer is more and more obvious, and therefore, electric vehicle is more and more urgent towards the requirement of the future development of many gears.But after the gear of speed changer increases, especially after gear quantity reaches more than three, when gearshift relates to the block selecting action, the gearshift of conventional mechanical formula automatic transmission (AMT) completes a gear shift operation generally will be through plucking gear, block selecting and putting into gear three steps, this gearshift operating time is long, complex structure, gearshift is impacted larger, has reduced acceleration performance and the travelling comfort of automobile.It should be noted that especially, speed discrepancy is arranged when shifting gears due to the speed changer that level is arranged, therefore in shift process, need to interrupt the output of power, therefore, the gearshift time is longer, the car load power loss is just larger, acceleration performance and travelling comfort are just lower, and in order to improve as much as possible automobile gear shift speed, effective measures deduct gear selection mechanism exactly in gearshift, save the block selecting time, accelerate shift speed.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, the interlock type gearshift of a kind of, compact structure fast without gear selection mechanism, shift speed, the reliable electric vehicle of interlocking is provided.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle of the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle, its main feature is, comprise the first gearshift and the second gearshift, this first gearshift and this second gearshift all are arranged in mission case, described the first gearshift comprises the first worm gear and the first shifting shaft, this first worm gear is fixedly connected with this first shifting shaft, described the first shifting shaft is synchronizeed and is rotated with described the first worm gear, and described the first shifting shaft drives one or two gear declutch shift shafts while rotating round mobile along the axial direction of himself;
Described the second gearshift comprises the second worm gear and the second shifting shaft, this second worm gear is fixedly connected with this second shifting shaft, described the second shifting shaft is synchronizeed and is rotated with described the second worm gear, and described the second shifting shaft drives three or four gear declutch shift shafts while rotating round mobile along the axial direction of himself;
Described the first worm gear is by mutual interlocking gear and described the second worm gear interlocking, and described the first worm gear does not rotate simultaneously with described the second worm gear, and sensor detects the rotary state of described the first worm gear and described the second worm gear.
The first worm gear in the interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle is fixedly installed on the upper end of described the first shifting shaft, described the second worm gear is fixedly installed on the upper end of described the second shifting shaft, described the first shifting shaft is movably set in described the second shifting shaft by bearing, and described the first worm gear is positioned at the top of described the second worm gear.
Mutual interlocking gear in the interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle is arranged between described the first worm gear and described the second worm gear, this mutual interlocking gear comprises the steel ball block, this steel ball block is fixedly connected with described mission case, the lower surface of described the first worm gear has the first groove, the upper surface of described the second worm gear has the second groove, the interlocking steel ball moves up and down along the through hole of described steel ball block
Described interlocking steel ball is positioned at through hole and described second groove of described steel ball block; Perhaps, described interlocking steel ball is positioned at through hole and described first groove of described steel ball block; Perhaps, described interlocking steel ball is positioned at the through hole of described steel ball block.
Sensor in the interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle comprises first sensor and the second sensor, and this first sensor detects the rotary state of described the first worm gear, and this second sensor detects the rotary state of described the second worm gear.
The first motor in the interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle drives the first worm screw, and described the first worm screw and described the first motor are rigidly connected, described the first worm gear and this first worm meshing.
The second motor in the interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle drives the second worm screw, and described the second worm screw and described the second motor are rigidly connected, described the second worm gear and this second worm meshing.
The first shifting shaft in the interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle is fixedly installed the first shifting block, described the first shifting shaft drives this first shifting block while rotating, described the first shifting block is stirred described one or two gear declutch shift shafts, makes described one or two gear declutch shift shafts come and go mobile along the axis of himself.
The second shifting shaft in the interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle is fixedly installed the second shifting block, described the second shifting shaft drives this second shifting block while rotating, described the second shifting block is stirred described three or four gear gear declutch shift shafts, makes described three or four gear declutch shift shafts come and go mobile along the axis of himself.
Adopted the interlock type gearshift of the electric vehicle of this structure, the gearshift time is short, drives comfortable; By two shifting shafts, play the effect of shifting, without the block selecting device is set separately again, structure is very compact, and the volume taken is little; On the basis that solves three gears and three gear electric automobile gearshift problems, greatly reduce the cost of speed changer, be beneficial to large batch of production; By the interlocking steel ball, realize the interlocking between two worm gears, this mechanical interlocking structure prevents from being subject to external disturbance or receiving the gear entanglement that wrong control signal causes shift motor to work simultaneously to cause because of motor, assurance only has a shifting shaft to rotate, reliable performance, be suitable for many gear electric vehicles; In addition, the present invention has superior expansivity, according to the actual design demand of vehicle, can be designed to the stopping device of three gears or the speed changer of many gears.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of gearshift of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of gearshift of the present invention.
Fig. 3 a, 3b, 3c are the schematic diagram of mutual interlocking gear of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the gear layout plan of existing automatic mechanical transmission.
Fig. 5 is the layout plan of stopping device of the present invention.
Number in the figure is described as follows:
1 one two gear declutch shift shafts
2 three four gear declutch shift shafts
3 second sensors
4 first worm screws
5 first motors
6 first worm gears
61 first grooves
7 first sensors
8 second worm screws
9 second motors
10 second worm gears
101 second grooves
11 second shifting shafts
12 first shifting shafts
13 first shifting blocks
14 second shifting blocks
15 clutch shaft bearings
16 second bearings
17 elastic opening pins
18 steel ball blocks
19 interlocking steel balls
Embodiment
In order more clearly to understand technology contents of the present invention, describe in detail especially exemplified by following examples.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the interlock type gearshift of this electric vehicle, comprise the first gearshift and the second gearshift, this first gearshift and this second gearshift all are arranged in mission case, the first gearshift comprises the first worm gear 6 and the first shifting shaft 12, this first worm gear 6 is fixedly connected with this first shifting shaft 12, and the first shifting shaft 12 is synchronizeed rotation with the first worm gear 6, and the first shifting shaft 12 drives one or two gear declutch shift shafts 1 and comes and goes mobile along himself axial direction while rotating; The second gearshift comprises the second worm gear 10 and the second shifting shaft 11, this second worm gear 10 is fixedly connected with this second shifting shaft 11, the second shifting shaft 11 is synchronizeed rotation with the second worm gear 10, the second shifting shaft 11 drives three or four gear declutch shift shafts 2 and comes and goes mobile along himself axial direction while rotating; The first worm gear 6 is by mutual interlocking gear and the second worm gear 10 interlockings, and the first worm gear 6 does not rotate simultaneously with the second worm gear 10, and sensor detects the rotary state of the first worm gear 6 and the second worm gear 10.
The first worm gear 6 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first shifting shaft 12, the second worm gear 10 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the second shifting shaft 11, the first shifting shaft 12 is movably set in the second shifting shaft 11 by bearing, the first shifting shaft 12 is coaxial with the second shifting shaft 11, bearing comprises clutch shaft bearing 15 and the second bearing 16, bearing plays the positioning supports effect, and the first worm gear 6 is positioned at the top of the second worm gear 10.Mutual interlocking gear is arranged between the first worm gear 6 and the second worm gear 10, this mutual interlocking gear comprises steel ball block 18, this steel ball block 18 is fixedly connected with mission case, the lower surface of the first worm gear 6 has the first groove 61, the upper surface of the second worm gear 10 has the second groove 101, interlocking steel ball 19 moves up and down along the through hole of steel ball block 18, and interlocking steel ball 19 is positioned at through hole and second groove 101 of steel ball block 18; Perhaps, interlocking steel ball 19 is positioned at through hole and first groove 61 of steel ball block 18; Perhaps, the interlocking steel ball is positioned at the through hole of steel ball block 18.
Sensor comprises first sensor 7 and the second sensor 3, and this first sensor 7 detects the rotary state of the first worm gear 6, and this second sensor 3 detects the rotary state of the second worm gear 10.The first motor 5 drives the first worm screw 4, the first worm screws 4 and the first motor 5 is rigidly connected, the first worm gear 6 and these the first worm screw 4 engagements.The second motor 9 drives the second worm screw 8, the second worm screws 8 and the second motor 9 is rigidly connected, the second worm gear 10 and these the second worm screw 8 engagements.The first shifting shaft 12 is fixedly installed the first shifting block 13, the first shifting block 13 is fixing by elastic opening pin 17 and the first shifting shaft 12, the first shifting shaft 12 drives this first shifting block 13 while rotating, the first shifting block 13 is stirred one or two gear declutch shift shafts 1, makes one or two gear declutch shift shafts 1 come and go mobile along the axis of himself.The second shifting shaft 11 drives these the second shifting block 14, the second shifting blocks 14 and stirs three or four gear gear declutch shift shafts 2 while being fixedly installed the second shifting block 14, the second shifting shafts 11 rotation, three or four gear declutch shift shafts 2 are moved along the axis of himself is round.
Refer to Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c, when interlocking steel ball 18 was in state shown in Fig. 3 a, vehicle was in neutral position state, and vehicle can enter the random shift operation.
When self-locking steel ball 18 was in state shown in Fig. 3 b, vehicle was in a gear or two gear running statees, and the second worm gear 10 can not rotate, and vehicle can not carry out three gears or the operation of putting into gear of four gears.
When self-locking steel ball 18 was in state shown in Fig. 3 c, vehicle was in three gears or four gear running statees, and the first worm gear 6 can not rotate, and vehicle can not carry out a gear or the operation of putting into gear of two gears.
When vehicle carries out a gear or two gear operations, the first motor 5 drives the first worm screw 4, the first worm screw 4 drives the first worm gear 6 and rotates, sensor 7 detects the first worm gear 6 and rotates, the first worm gear 6 drives the first shifting shaft 12 and rotates, the first shifting block 13 drives one or two gear declutch shift shafts 1 and moves, thereby realizes the operation of putting into gear of a gear or two gears.
When vehicle carries out three gears or four gear operations, the second motor 9 drives the second worm screw 8, the second worm screw 8 drives the second worm gear 10 and rotates, sensor 3 detects the second worm gear 10 and rotates, the second worm gear 10 drives the second shifting shaft 11 and rotates, the second shifting block 14 drives three or four gear declutch shift shafts 2 and moves, thereby realizes the operation of putting into gear of three gears or four gears.
When vehicle enters three gears by two gears, the first motor 5 drives the first worm screw 4 and the first worm gear 6 rotates, first sensor 7 detects the first worm gear 6 and rotates, when the first groove 61 that the first worm gear 6 detected with the interlocking steel ball 19 coaxial, the first motor 5 quits work, vehicle enters neutral position state, mutual interlocking gear during neutral position state as shown in Figure 3 a, the second motor 9 drives the second worm screw 8 and the second worm gear 10 rotates, enter the operation of putting into gear of three gears, the second worm gear 10 rotates and forces interlocking steel ball 19 to enter the first groove 61 of the first worm gear 6, specifically refer to Fig. 3 c, now the first worm gear 6 can't rotate.
When vehicle enters two gears by three gears, the second motor 9 drives the second worm screw 8 and the second worm gear 10 rotates, the second sensor 3 detects the second worm gear 10 and rotates, coaxial with interlocking steel ball 19 when the second worm gear 10 second grooves 101 being detected, the second motor 9 quits work, vehicle enters neutral position state, the first motor 5 drives the first worm screw 4 and the first worm gear 6 rotates, enter the operation of putting into gear of two gears, the first worm gear 6 rotates and forces interlocking steel ball 19 to enter the second groove 101 of the second worm gear 10, specifically refer to Fig. 3 b, now worm gear 10 can't rotate.
Refer to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, for two gears before and after gearshift all on being arranged in same declutch shift shaft the time, as 1-2,2-1,3-4 and 4-3, owing to not relating to block selecting, apply speed changer of the present invention complete shift gears identical with the conventional manual transmission operating.When two gears before and after gearshift are arranged on different declutch shift shafts, as two gears, change three gears, existing automatic mechanical transmission gearbox completes two gears and to three gear operations, need complete 2-N and pluck gear, the N-N block selecting, the N-3 operation of putting into gear, the present invention are due to without the block selecting action, and only need complete 2-N plucks gear to three gear operations to complete two gears, the N-3 operation of putting into gear, therefore the whole gearshift time is shorter than existing automatic mechanical transmission.
Two gears of take change three gears and are example, referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, the working principle of gearshift of the present invention is: when controller is received shifting commands, the first motor 5 drives the first worm gear 6 by the first worm screw 4 and is rotated to neutral gear position by two gears, when first sensor 7 detects the first worm gear 6 arrival neutral gear position, the first motor 5 quits work, the second motor 9 drives the second worm gear 10 by the second worm screw 8 and to three gears, puts rotation by neutral, quits work when the second sensor 3 detects second worm gear 10 arrival three gear postpone the second motors 9.
The present invention possesses superior expansivity, can become according to the actual design Demand Design of vehicle three gearshifts that block to the speed changer of more gears, such as gear of cancellation, can be designed to the gearshift of three shift transmissions, and with reference to principle of the present invention, coaxial shifting shaft of every increase both can increase by 1～2 gear.
Adopted the interlock type gearshift of the electric vehicle of this structure, the gearshift time is short, drives comfortable; By two shifting shafts, play the effect of shifting, without the block selecting device is set separately again, structure is very compact, and the volume taken is little; On the basis that solves three gears and three gear electric automobile gearshift problems, greatly reduce the cost of speed changer, be beneficial to large batch of production; By the interlocking steel ball, realize the interlocking between two worm gears, this mechanical interlocking structure prevents from being subject to external disturbance or receiving the gear entanglement that wrong control signal causes shift motor to work simultaneously to cause because of motor, assurance only has a shifting shaft to rotate, reliable performance, be suitable for many gear electric vehicles; In addition, the present invention has superior expansivity, according to the actual design demand of vehicle, can be designed to the stopping device of three gears or the speed changer of many gears.
In this specification, the present invention is described with reference to its specific embodiment.But, still can make various modifications and conversion obviously and not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, specification and accompanying drawing are regarded in an illustrative, rather than a restrictive.
Claims (8)
1. the interlock type gearshift of an electric vehicle, it is characterized in that, comprise the first gearshift and the second gearshift, this first gearshift and this second gearshift all are arranged in mission case, described the first gearshift comprises the first worm gear (6) and the first shifting shaft (12), this first worm gear (6) is fixedly connected with this first shifting shaft (12), described the first shifting shaft (12) is synchronizeed rotation with described the first worm gear (6), when rotating, described the first shifting shaft (12) drives one or two gear declutch shift shafts (1) round mobile along the axial direction of himself,
Described the second gearshift comprises the second worm gear (10) and the second shifting shaft (11), this second worm gear (10) is fixedly connected with this second shifting shaft (11), described the second shifting shaft (11) is synchronizeed rotation with described the second worm gear (10), when described the second shifting shaft (11) rotates, drive three or four gear declutch shift shafts (2) and come and go mobile along himself axial direction;
Described the first worm gear (6) is by mutual interlocking gear and described the second worm gear (10) interlocking, described the first worm gear (6) does not rotate simultaneously with described the second worm gear (10), and sensor detects the rotary state of described the first worm gear (6) and described the second worm gear (10).
2. the interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first worm gear (6) is fixedly installed on the upper end of described the first shifting shaft (12), described the second worm gear (10) is fixedly installed on the upper end of described the second shifting shaft (11), described the first shifting shaft (12) is movably set in described the second shifting shaft (11) by bearing, and described the first worm gear (6) is positioned at the top of described the second worm gear (10).
3. the interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described mutual interlocking gear is arranged between described the first worm gear (6) and described the second worm gear (10), this mutual interlocking gear comprises steel ball block (18), this steel ball block (18) is fixedly connected with described mission case, the lower surface of described the first worm gear (6) has the first groove (61), the upper surface of described the second worm gear (10) has the second groove (101), interlocking steel ball (19) moves up and down along the through hole of described steel ball block (18)
Described interlocking steel ball (19) is positioned at through hole and described second groove (101) of described steel ball block (18); Perhaps, described interlocking steel ball (19) is positioned at through hole and described first groove (61) of described steel ball block (18); Perhaps, described interlocking steel ball is positioned at the through hole of described steel ball block (18).
4. the interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sensor comprises first sensor (7) and the second sensor (3), this first sensor (7) detects the rotary state of described the first worm gear (6), and this second sensor (3) detects the rotary state of described the second worm gear (10).
5. the interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the first motor (5) drives the first worm screw (4), and described the first worm screw (4) is rigidly connected with described the first motor (5), described the first worm gear (6) and this first worm screw (4) engagement.
6. the interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the second motor (9) drives the second worm screw (8), described the second worm screw (8) is rigidly connected with described the second motor (9), described the second worm gear (10) and this second worm screw (8) engagement.
7. the interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the first shifting shaft (12) is fixedly installed the first shifting block (13), described the first shifting shaft (12) drives this first shifting block (13) while rotating, described the first shifting block (13) is stirred described one or two gear declutch shift shafts (1), makes described one or two gear declutch shift shafts (1) come and go mobile along the axis of himself.
8. the interlock type gearshift of electric vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the second shifting shaft (11) is fixedly installed the second shifting block (14), described the second shifting shaft (11) drives this second shifting block (14) while rotating, described the second shifting block (14) is stirred described three or four gear gear declutch shift shafts (2), makes described three or four gear declutch shift shafts (2) come and go mobile along the axis of himself.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310382274.7A CN103410961B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | The interlock type gearshift of electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310382274.7A CN103410961B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | The interlock type gearshift of electric automobile |
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| CN103410961A true CN103410961A (en) | 2013-11-27 |
| CN103410961B CN103410961B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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| CN201310382274.7A Active CN103410961B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | The interlock type gearshift of electric automobile |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103939595A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-23 | 苏州紫荆清远新能源汽车技术有限公司 | Gear selecting and shifting execution mechanism of automatic transmission of wide vehicle |
| CN106545653A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-03-29 | 南京越博动力系统股份有限公司 | A kind of gear shifting actuating mechanism without block selecting of automatic transmission |
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|---|---|
| CN103410961B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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