CN103408064A - Method for preparing indium oxide cubes through microwave-assisted hydrothermal method - Google Patents

Method for preparing indium oxide cubes through microwave-assisted hydrothermal method Download PDF

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CN103408064A
CN103408064A CN2013103299311A CN201310329931A CN103408064A CN 103408064 A CN103408064 A CN 103408064A CN 2013103299311 A CN2013103299311 A CN 2013103299311A CN 201310329931 A CN201310329931 A CN 201310329931A CN 103408064 A CN103408064 A CN 103408064A
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microwave
indium
urea
cubic block
indium sesquioxide
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CN103408064B (en
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施伟东
张格红
范伟强
关卫省
吕平海
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Changshu guide brand management Co., Ltd
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Jiangsu University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of inorganic nano-composite materials, relates to a method for preparing nano indium oxide cubes and particularly relates to a method for preparing indium oxide cubes through a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a mixed solution of indium nitrate and urea, reacting in microwave, generating an indium hydroxide predecessor through centrifugal washing, and finally obtaining the final product through high-temperature roasting; carrying out preparation of the mixed solution of indium nitrate and urea as follows: weighing indium nitrate and urea which are 1:1 to 10 in molar ratio, adding deionized water for dissolving, and magnetically stirring for 30 min to obtain a uniform, colorless and transparent solution. Indium oxide which is relatively uniform in appearance is prepared through a microwave-assisted reaction, the product adopts a cubic nano-structure, time can be shortened to dozens of minutes through a microwave reaction, and better pure phase and crystal form can be achieved within a relatively short time. The method is simple in technology and good in repeatability; the used raw materials are inorganic compounds and low in cost, easy to obtain and relatively low in cost; the method conforms to the environment-friendly requirements and brings convenience for industrialized production.

Description

The method of the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system
Technical field
The invention belongs to the inorganic nano material preparing technical field, relate to nano indium oxide (In 2O 3) preparation of cubic block, relate in particular to the method for the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of a kind of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system.
Background technology
Nano indium oxide (In 2O 3) be the important n N-type semiconductorN material of a class, its band gap width is 3.6 ~ 3.75eV, have high conductivity and visible light transmissivity, and Indium sesquioxide has a wide range of applications in fields such as chemistry, bio-sensing, solar cell, photochemical catalysis, photoelectron and flat-panel monitors.The preparation method of Indium sesquioxide mainly contains vapor phase process, solid phase method and liquid phase method.Vapor phase process is had relatively high expectations to device parameter, and productive rate is lower, can not be for industrial mass production; The nanoparticle granularity that solid phase method obtains is homogeneous not too generally, and its application also is restricted.What application was wider at present is liquid phase method, because liquid phase method is temperature required not high, is conducive to scale operation.
Liquid phase method mainly comprises the precipitator method and the hot method of hydrothermal/solvent in current bibliographical information, but all exist, prepare precursor liquid long defect consuming time, such as Granted publication number is the method for the disclosed preparing nano indium oxide with controllable appearance by hydrothermal method of CN101857263B, by solubility indium salt (InCl 34H 2O) and urea, add deionized water, under magnetic agitation, be configured to even colourless transparent solution, then 120~140 ℃ of lower insulation reaction, prepared precursor liquid in 12~24 hours; Application publication number is the disclosed Indium sesquioxide (In of CN102826593A for another example 2O 3) preparation method of nano material, under the condition as additive, indium chloride prepared indium hydroxide (In (OH) in 6~48 hours through hydro-thermal reaction under 120~200 ℃ at citric acid and urea 3) nano particle, then carry out the thermal bake-out processing and obtain Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) spherical nano material.
Microwave heating changes by microwave and matter interaction.Under the effect of electromagnetic field, in material, microcosmic particle can produce polarization.With traditional indirect heating mode, compare, microwave heating is to make heating object itself become thermal objects, and this whole type of heating, do not need heat conducting process, therefore can reach at short notice homogeneous heating.Microwave heating is dielectric material own loss electric field energy and generating heat, therefore the heat effect of the different media material under the microwave electromagnetic field action is different.Water molecules has extremely strong polarity, is the best medium that absorbs microwave, and other a lot of apolar substances can not absorb microwave in microwave, so microwave has the characteristics of selectivity heating, simultaneously it also to have rate of heating fast, efficient energy-saving, be easy to control, the advantage such as safe and harmless, can improve speed of reaction, Reaction time shorten, save the energy, and, utilize microwave-assisted synthetic, be easy to obtain the nanostructure of one dimension.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the standby precursor liquid of the hot legal system of hydrothermal/solvent long technical problem consuming time, discloses the method for the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of a kind of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system.
The present invention adopts the Indium sesquioxide (In for preparing the relative homogeneous of pattern under low temperature through the microwave-assisted reaction 2O 3) cubic block, its technical scheme is the mixing solutions of preparation indium nitrate and urea, then reaction generates indium hydroxide (In (OH) through centrifuge washing again under microwave 3) precursor, finally by high-temperature roasting, make and form.
The method of the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system disclosed in this invention, the mixing solutions of described preparation indium nitrate and urea is according to indium nitrate (In (NO 3) 34.5 H 2O) with the mol ratio of urea, be 1:1 ~ 10, preferably 1:0.5~2, do not comprise that 1:2 takes, and adds deionized water dissolving, after magnetic agitation 30 min, becomes even colourless transparent solution.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing solutions of described preparation indium nitrate and urea is according to indium nitrate (In (NO 3) 34.5 H 2O) with the mol ratio of urea, be that 1:7 takes, add deionized water dissolving, after magnetic agitation 30 min, become even colourless transparent solution.
The method of the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system disclosed in this invention, the described reaction under microwave is that the even colourless transparent solution of above-mentioned gained is transferred in quartz container, be placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 80~100 ℃, power is that 600W~1000W heats 15~120min, naturally cooling, collect the microwave product.
The method of the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system disclosed in this invention, described centrifuge washing is by the centrifugation of described microwave product, after with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, washing respectively three times, at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain indium hydroxide (In (OH) 3) precursor.
The method of the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system disclosed in this invention, described high-temperature roasting is by the indium hydroxide of gained (In (OH) 3) precursor roasting 60~120min under 350~550 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
According to the Indium sesquioxide nano cubic block that the method for the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system makes, length and width all are about 200~400 nm, and thickness is about 50~200 nm.
Microwave-assisted hydro-thermal method disclosed in this invention is compared with traditional hydrothermal method, can improve by a relatively large margin speed of reaction, and Reaction time shorten is saved the energy.Reaction times can even shorten to dozens of minutes in tens hours by several hours common hydro-thermal reaction time, and can reach pure phase within a short period of time.
The present invention regulated and controled the microwave reaction time, will be adjusted into 15min, 30min, 60min and 120min the reaction times, and while by experiment, finding microwave reaction 15min, the microwave product has reached pure phase.
Indium sesquioxide (In in the present invention 2O 3) structure by x-ray diffractometer, determined in x-ray diffraction pattern, there is no the peak of other materials, this collection of illustrative plates shows, by the microwave-assisted hydro-thermal method Indium sesquioxide (In of each prepared period 2O 3) be pure phase Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3), itself and standard oxidation indium (In 2O 3) card (01-0929) matches.
Field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) is tested and is shown, at room temperature, and by the prepared Indium sesquioxide (In of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal method 2O 3) length and width be about 200~400 nm, thickness is about 50~200 nm.
To Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) valence state of surface-element analyzes, 452.1 eV, these two strong peaks of 444.2 eV are correspondences and In respectively 2O 3In In 3d 3/2And In3d 5/2, 531.6 eV are corresponding to In 2O 3In O 1s, near and the not appearance of other small peak main peak, show that there is not oxidized phenomenon on the surface of product.Therefore Indium sesquioxide (the In prepared by this programme 2O 3) cubic block, more stable.
Indium nitrate (In (the NO that the present invention is used 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea be all analytical pure, further purification is not done in experiment.
Beneficial effect
The present invention uses microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system to get Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3), method is simple, and the reaction times can even shorten to dozens of minutes in tens hours by several hours common hydro-thermal reaction time, and can reach pure phase within a short period of time, and the reactant crystal formation is better.Utilize simple microwave-assisted reaction to prepare the Indium sesquioxide (In of the relative homogeneous of pattern 2O 3), pattern is a cube block nanostructure, this material has good chemical stability.Technique of the present invention is simple, favorable reproducibility, and raw materials is mineral compound, and cheap and easy to get, cost is low, meets the environmental friendliness requirement, is convenient to suitability for industrialized production.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 day part Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) the X-ray diffraction analysis figure (XRD) of cubic block.
Fig. 2 Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph (SEM) of cubic block.
Fig. 3 Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis figure (XPS) of cubic block,
452.1 eV in Fig. 3 a wherein, these two strong peaks of 444.2 eV are correspondences and In respectively 2O 3In In 3d 3/2And In3d 5/2, in Fig. 3 b, 531.6 eV are corresponding to In 2O 3In O 1s.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, so that those skilled in the art understand the present invention better, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) preparation method of cubic block, be to carry out according to following step:
A, to take mol ratio be 1:0.5 indium nitrate (In (NO 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea, be dissolved in 100 mL deionized waters, be configured to even colourless transparent solution after magnetic agitation 30 min;
B, the solution of steps A gained is transferred in the quartz container that capacity is 250mL, is placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 80 ℃, after power was 600W heating 15min, naturally cooling, collected the microwave product;
C, by the microwave product centrifugation of step B gained, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, wash respectively three times;
D, by the product after the centrifugation of step C gained at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain indium hydroxide (In (OH) 3) precursor;
E, by the indium hydroxide of step D gained (In (OH) 3) precursor calcines 60min under 350 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) the XRD figure spectrum of nano cubic block is shown in accompanying drawing 1, the product morphology analysis is shown in accompanying drawing 2, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis figure is shown in accompanying drawing 3.
In accompanying drawing 1 position of the diffraction peak of day part and relative intensity all with JCPDS(JCPDS) card (01-0929) matches, and in the XRD figure spectrum, there is no other diffraction peak of mixing, and the In that the present invention prepares is described 2O 3Phase is pure.
In accompanying drawing 2, field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) is tested and is shown, at room temperature, and by the prepared Indium sesquioxide (In of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal method 2O 3) length and width all be about 200~400 nm, thickness is about 50~200 nm.
In accompanying drawing 3, by the Indium sesquioxide (In of the standby relative homogeneous of pattern of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system 2O 3), the valence state of the element on its product surface is analyzed, in accompanying drawing 3a, 452.1 eV, these two strong peaks of 444.2 eV are correspondences and In respectively 2O 3In In 3d 3/2And In3d 5/2, in accompanying drawing 3b, 531.6 eV are corresponding to In 2O 3In O 1s, near and the not appearance of other small peak main peak, show that there is not oxidized phenomenon on the surface of product.Therefore by a process for preparing next Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block, more stable.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) preparation method of cubic block, be to carry out according to following step:
A, to take mol ratio be 1:7 indium nitrate (In (NO 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea, be dissolved in 100 mL deionized waters, be configured to even colourless transparent solution after magnetic agitation 30 min;
B, the solution of steps A gained is transferred in the quartz container that capacity is 250mL, is placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 100 ℃, after power was 1000W heating 120min, naturally cooling, collected the microwave product;
C, by the microwave product centrifugation of step B gained, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, wash respectively three times;
D, by the product after the centrifugation of step C gained at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain indium hydroxide (In (OH) 3) precursor;
E, by the indium hydroxide of step D gained (In (OH) 3) precursor calcines 120min under 550 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) preparation method of cubic block, be to carry out according to following step:
A, to take mol ratio be 1:0.9 indium nitrate (In (NO 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea, be dissolved in 100 mL deionized waters, be configured to even colourless transparent solution after magnetic agitation 30 min;
B, the solution of steps A gained is transferred in the quartz container that capacity is 250mL, is placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 90 ℃, after power was 800W heating 90min, naturally cooling, collected the microwave product;
C, by the microwave product centrifugation of step B gained, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, wash respectively three times;
D, by the product after the centrifugation of step C gained at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain indium hydroxide (In (OH) 3) precursor;
E, by the indium hydroxide of step D gained (In (OH) 3) precursor calcines 90min under 400 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) preparation method of cubic block, be to carry out according to following step:
A, to take mol ratio be 1:7 indium nitrate (In (NO 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea, be dissolved in 100 mL deionized waters, be configured to even colourless transparent solution after magnetic agitation 30 min;
B, the solution of steps A gained is transferred in the quartz container that capacity is 250mL, is placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 100 ℃, after power was 600W heating 120min, naturally cooling, collected the microwave product;
C, by the microwave product centrifugation of step B gained, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, wash respectively three times;
D, by the product after the centrifugation of step C gained at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain indium hydroxide (In (OH) 3) precursor;
E, by the indium hydroxide of step D gained (In (OH) 3) precursor calcines 120min under 550 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
Embodiment 5
A kind of Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) preparation method of cubic block, be to carry out according to following step:
A, to take mol ratio be 1:0.5 indium nitrate (In (NO 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea, be dissolved in 100 mL deionized waters, be configured to even colourless transparent solution after magnetic agitation 30 min;
B, the solution of steps A gained is transferred in the quartz container that capacity is 250mL, is placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 80 ℃, after power was 600W heating 120min, naturally cooling, collected the microwave product;
C, by the microwave product centrifugation of step B gained, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, wash respectively three times;
D, by the product after the centrifugation of step C gained at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain indium hydroxide (In (OH) 3) precursor;
E, by the indium hydroxide of step D gained (In (OH) 3) precursor calcines 120min under 550 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
Embodiment 6
A kind of Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) preparation method of cubic block, be to carry out according to following step:
A, to take mol ratio be 1:4 indium nitrate (In (NO 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea, be dissolved in 100 mL deionized waters, be configured to even colourless transparent solution after magnetic agitation 30 min;
B, the solution of steps A gained is transferred in the quartz container that capacity is 250mL, is placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 100 ℃, after power was 800W heating 120min, naturally cooling, collected the microwave product;
C, by the microwave product centrifugation of step B gained, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, wash respectively three times;
D, by the product after the centrifugation of step C gained at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain indium hydroxide (In (OH) 3) precursor;
E, by the indium hydroxide of step D gained (In (OH) 3) precursor calcines 100min under 400 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
Embodiment 7
A kind of Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) preparation method of cubic block, be to carry out according to following step:
A, take the indium nitrate (In (NO that mol ratio is 1:1 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea, be dissolved in 100 mL deionized waters, be configured to even colourless transparent solution after magnetic agitation 30 min;
B, the solution of steps A gained is transferred in the container of quartz that capacity is 250mL, is placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 80 ℃, power is that 600W heats after 60min, and naturally cooling, collect the microwave product;
C, by the microwave product centrifugation of step B gained, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, wash respectively three times;
D, by the product after the centrifugation of step C gained at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain the indium hydroxide precursor liquid;
E, the indium hydroxide precursor liquid of step D gained is calcined to 60min under 350 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
Embodiment 8
A kind of Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) preparation method of cubic block, be to carry out according to following step:
A, take the indium nitrate (In (NO that mol ratio is 1:10 3) 34.5 H 2O) and urea, be dissolved in 100 mL deionized waters, be configured to even colourless transparent solution after magnetic agitation 30 min;
B, the solution of steps A gained is transferred in the container of quartz that capacity is 250mL, is placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 100 ℃, power is that 1000W heats after 240min, and naturally cooling, collect the microwave product;
C, by the microwave product centrifugation of step B gained, with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, wash respectively three times;
D, by the product after the centrifugation of step C gained at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain the indium hydroxide precursor liquid;
E, the indium hydroxide precursor liquid of step D gained is calcined to 240min under 550 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace, can obtain flaxen Indium sesquioxide (In 2O 3) cubic block.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention to do, or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the method for the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of a microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system, the mixing solutions that comprises preparation indium nitrate and urea, then reaction generates the indium hydroxide precursor through centrifuge washing again under microwave, finally by high-temperature roasting, make and form, it is characterized in that, the mixing solutions of described preparation indium salt and urea is that the mol ratio according to indium nitrate and urea is that 1:1~10 take, and adds deionized water dissolving, after magnetic agitation 30 min, becomes even colourless transparent solution.
2. follow the method according to the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mixing solutions of described preparation indium nitrate and urea is that the mol ratio according to indium nitrate and urea is 1:0.5~2, do not comprise that 1:2 takes, add deionized water dissolving, after magnetic agitation 30 min, become even colourless transparent solution.
3. microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system according to claim 1 is for the method for Indium sesquioxide cubic block, it is characterized in that, the mixing solutions of described preparation indium nitrate and urea is that the mol ratio according to indium nitrate and urea is that 1:7 takes, add deionized water dissolving, after magnetic agitation 30 min, become even colourless transparent solution.
4. according to the method for described microwave-assisted hydro-thermal legal system as arbitrary as claim 1 ~ 3 for the Indium sesquioxide cubic block, it is characterized in that, the described reaction under microwave is that the even colourless transparent solution of above-mentioned gained is transferred in quartz container, be placed in microwave reactor, be warming up to 80~100 ℃, power is that 600W~1000W heats 15~120min, and naturally cooling is collected the microwave product.
5. according to the method as the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of the described microwave-assisted hydro-thermal of aforementioned arbitrary claim legal system, it is characterized in that, described centrifuge washing is by the centrifugation of described microwave product, after with deionized water and dehydrated alcohol, washing respectively three times, at 60 ℃ of air drying 6 h, obtain the indium hydroxide precursor.
6. according to the method as the standby Indium sesquioxide cubic block of the described microwave-assisted hydro-thermal of aforementioned arbitrary claim legal system, it is characterized in that, described high-temperature roasting is by the indium hydroxide precursor of gained roasting 60~120min in 350~550 ℃ of air atmospheres of retort furnace.
7. Indium sesquioxide cubic block prepared according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1~6.
8. Indium sesquioxide cubic block according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the length of described nano cubic block and width all are about 200~400 nm, and thickness is about 50~200 nm.
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CN103877985A (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-06-25 江苏大学 Visible-light responsive magnetic photocatalytic material and preparation method thereof
CN112520783A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-03-19 西北师范大学 Synthesis of cubic crystal indium oxide and application thereof in electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction
CN114100603A (en) * 2021-11-05 2022-03-01 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 In for degrading perfluorooctanoic acid2O3Photocatalyst and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103877985A (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-06-25 江苏大学 Visible-light responsive magnetic photocatalytic material and preparation method thereof
CN103877985B (en) * 2014-03-19 2015-11-18 江苏大学 A kind of visible light-responded magnetic photocatalytic material and preparation method
CN112520783A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-03-19 西北师范大学 Synthesis of cubic crystal indium oxide and application thereof in electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction
CN114100603A (en) * 2021-11-05 2022-03-01 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 In for degrading perfluorooctanoic acid2O3Photocatalyst and preparation method thereof

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