A kind of composite micro-nano 3 D-printing system
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of composite micro-nano 3 D-printing system, belongs to the innovative technology of composite micro-nano 3 D-printing system.
Background technology
Three-dimensional printer and conventional printer are different except printing material therefor, and many outside the free degree of Z direction, and all the other structures are basic identical.Therefore, we can print 3 D-printing and conventional two-dimensional to combine, and form a kind ofly both can complete 3 D-printing, can carry out again the multi-function printer that two dimension is printed, and so more can advance the family oriented use of three-dimensional printer.
Conventional printer is a kind of output equipment of computer, is used for the computer result is printed on associated media.Three-dimensional printer is a kind of technique of rapid shaping, adopt the mode layering of piling up layer by layer to produce threedimensional model, its motion process is similar to conventional printer, only conventional printer is that ink is sprayed to the two-dimentional figure of formation on paper medium, and three-dimensional printer is that the materials such as the plastic wire of liquid photosensitive resin material, melting, land plaster are sprayed and realize that piling up layer by layer stack forms 3D solid by shower nozzle.At present, both at home and abroad the shower nozzle of three-dimensional printer is all the design of the two-dimensional structure continued to use, and its nozzle diameter is all single size
[1].
At 20th century the mid-80, SLS is developed by Ka Er doctor Deckard in the Austin of texas,U.S university branch school and is patented, and project is supported by DARPA.1979, similar procedure obtained patent by RF Housholder, but not by commercialization
[2].Nineteen ninety-five, the E Sachs of Massachusetts science and engineering, M Cima and J Cornie have created " 3 D-printing " word
[3] [4].In recent years, three-dimensional printing technology has had huge progress, and a lot of equipment all has been put to commercial Application, has started the epoch that Direct Digital is manufactured.Along with the further raising of 3 D-printing precision and print speed, following 3 D-printing will obtain further universal the utilization
[5].
Shower nozzle, as the core component of three-dimensional printing technology, is also the place of core technology, and its technical parameter and characteristic directly have influence on service behaviour and the efficiency of three-dimensional printer.In recent years, around the shower nozzle aspect, done very many-sided research abroad, if improved shower nozzle resolution ratio, improved technique and improve the shower nozzle quality, improved the ink-jet effect and strengthen jet power
[6].At present, in commercial three-dimensional printer design, all select widely used shower nozzle in painting industry.In printing head, the piezoelectric type shower nozzle does not rely on heating, and blasting materials is had to adaptability widely, and it is strong to the liquid control ability, can reach precision high, is more suitable for the three-dimensional printer based on powder and bonding agent principle.
The high-voltage electrostatic spinning technology is the important method for the preparation of superfine fibre grown up the domestic and international more than ten years recently.Electrospinning is proposed in 1934 by Formhzls the earliest
[7], subsequently the people such as Taylor in 1964 to the electrostatic spinning process in the distortion of electropolymer this concept of taylor cone has been proposed
[8], until eighties of last century people's nineties start the extensive concern Electrospinning.The shower nozzle that carries out work by the electrostatic spinning technique principle carries out 3 D-printing, and than conventional piezoelectric formula printing head, printing precision is higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to consider the problems referred to above and a kind of effective utilization be provided and economize on resources, the composite micro-nano 3 D-printing system of raising the efficiency.The present invention utilizes the electrostatic spinning principle to print, and can realize micro-nano rank three-dimensional fast shaping, increases substantially the formed precision of three-dimensional fast shaping.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: composite micro-nano 3 D-printing system of the present invention, include workbench, realize the X axis guide rail of the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face X-direction relative position, realize the Y-axis guide rail of the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face Y-direction relative position, realize the Z-axis direction guide rail of the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face Z-direction relative position, be used for the first guide rail plummer and the second guide rail plummer that carry shower nozzle and on guide rail, do corresponding slip, for rotating the disk clamp of position of adjustment work shower nozzle, on disk clamp, be equiped be used to carrying out the piezoelectric type printing head of conventional two-dimensional printing, for hanging down the piezoelectric three dimension printing head of precision 3 D-printing, for the electrospinning 3 D-printing shower nozzle that carries out the high-precision three-dimensional printing, the first guide rail plummer is installed on the X axis guide rail does the directions X slip, the Y-axis guide rail is fixed on the first guide rail plummer, and together with this plummer, doing directions X slides, the second guide rail plummer is installed in the slip of doing Y-direction on the Y-axis guide rail, the Z-axis direction guide rail is connected on the second guide rail plummer can do the adjustment of Z direction.
Three kinds of shower nozzles installing on above-mentioned disk clamp are by rounded projections arranged.
Three kinds of shower nozzles installing on above-mentioned disk clamp are by triangular arranged, and the angle between long limit is 60 ° in twos.
Three kinds of shower nozzles installing on above-mentioned disk clamp are by triangular arranged, wherein the shower nozzle of long limit and X axis guide rail parallel is the work at present shower nozzle, disk clamp carries out corresponding rotation under controller action, 120 ° of every rotations will be switched to another shower nozzle work.
On above-mentioned disk clamp, minute three parts store corresponding printed material by material-storing box respectively, piezoelectric type printing head material-storing box storage ink used wherein, piezoelectric three dimension printing head material-storing box used stores polymer solution, and electrospinning 3 D-printing shower nozzle material-storing box used stores polymer solution.
Thereby the present invention is a kind of shower nozzle that three kinds of different printing types are set, carry out the printing of switch operating realization two dimension, low precision 3 D-printing and high-precision three-dimensional are printed the composite printing system of three kinds of printing types.It is to receive two dimension to print as inkjet head that this composite printing system adopts conventional piezoelectric formula printing head, conventional piezoelectric formula shower nozzle repacking is realized to low precision 3 D-printing, utilize the high-voltage electrostatic spinning know-why to realize that by the method for near field spinning three-dimensional straight forming realizes the high-precision three-dimensional printing.This composite printing system adopts the rotatable fixture of disc type to complete the switching of different printing types shower nozzle used, and print system has X altogether, Y, the free degree of tri-directions of Z.Composite printing system provided by the present invention is carried out reasonable integration by different printing types, can complete the function of a tractor serves several purposes, can more efficiently utilization and saved resource, improved efficiency.In addition, the present invention utilizes the electrostatic spinning principle to print, and can realize micro-nano rank three-dimensional fast shaping, increases substantially the formed precision of three-dimensional fast shaping.The present invention is that a kind of design is ingenious, function admirable, convenient and practical composite micro-nano 3 D-printing system.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of composite printing system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that shower nozzle of the present invention forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is piezoelectric type typical printhead operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is piezoelectric three dimension printhead operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is electrospinning 3 D-printing head operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment:
Structural representation of the present invention such as Fig. 1, 2, 3, shown in 4, include workbench 10, realize the X axis guide rail 1 of the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face X-direction relative position, realize the Y-axis guide rail 3 of the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face Y-direction relative position, realize the Z-axis direction guide rail 5 of the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face Z-direction relative position, be used for the first guide rail plummer 2 and the second guide rail plummer 4 that carry shower nozzle and on guide rail, do corresponding slip, for rotating the disk clamp 6 of position of adjustment work shower nozzle, on disk clamp 6, be equiped be used to carrying out the piezoelectric type printing head 7 of conventional two-dimensional printing, for hanging down the piezoelectric three dimension printing head 8 of precision 3 D-printing, for the electrospinning 3 D-printing shower nozzle 9 that carries out the high-precision three-dimensional printing, the first guide rail plummer 2 is installed on X axis guide rail 1 does the directions X slip, Y-axis guide rail 3 is fixed on the first guide rail plummer 2, and together with this plummer, doing directions X slides, the second guide rail plummer 4 is installed in the slip of doing Y-direction on Y-axis guide rail 3, Z-axis direction guide rail 5 is connected on the second guide rail plummer 4 can do the adjustment of Z direction.
In Fig. 1, X axis guide rail 1 has been used for carrying out the X-direction motion command, realizes the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face X-direction relative position; Y-axis guide rail 3 has been used for carrying out the Y-direction motion command, realizes the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face Y-direction relative position; Z-axis direction guide rail 5 has been used for the Z-direction motion command, realizes the adjustment of work shower nozzle and working face Z-direction relative position; The first guide rail plummer 2 and the second guide rail plummer 4 are be used to carrying shower nozzle and on guide rail, doing corresponding slip; Disk clamp 6 can rotate the position of adjustment work shower nozzle, and in inside, stores respectively three kinds of different printed materials and be transferred to corresponding printing head; Piezoelectric type printing head 7 is be used to carrying out the conventional two-dimensional printing; Piezoelectric three dimension printing head 8 is be used to hanging down the precision 3 D-printing; Electrospinning 3 D-printing shower nozzle 9 is be used to carrying out the high-precision three-dimensional printing; Workbench 10 is as the working face of printing shaping.
In Fig. 2, disk clamp 6 lower surfaces are by piezoelectric type printing head 7, piezoelectric three dimension printing head 8 and electrospinning 3 D-printing shower nozzle 9 by triangular arranged, and the angle between long limit is 60 ° in twos.Wherein the long limit shower nozzle parallel with X axis guide rail 1 is the work at present shower nozzle, and 120 ° of every rotations of disk clamp will be switched to another shower nozzle work.
On above-mentioned disk clamp 6, minute three parts store corresponding printed material by material-storing box 11 respectively, piezoelectric type printing head 7 material-storing box 11 storage inks used wherein, piezoelectric three dimension printing head 8 material-storing box 11 used stores polymer solution, and electrospinning 3 D-printing shower nozzle 9 material-storing box 11 used stores polymer solution.
Above-mentioned piezoelectric type printing head 7 and piezoelectric three dimension printing head 8 adopt the method for piezoelectric type to print, and the jet hole place is fixed with piezoelectric patches 12, according to print command, electric impulse signal is added on piezoelectric patches 12.
Above-mentioned electrospinning 3 D-printing shower nozzle 9 adopts electrostatic spinning technique to print, and the nozzle needle of electrospinning 3 D-printing shower nozzle 9 connects the positive pole of high voltage source 13, and workbench 10 connects negative pole as dash receiver.
Between the nozzle of above-mentioned material-storing box 11 and each shower nozzle, whether being in connected state controls by controller.
In Fig. 3, the ink stored in material-storing box 11 is switched to printing head, according to random electric impulse signal is added on piezoelectric patches of print command, piezoelectric patches 12 can shake according to the large small frequency of signal, thereby ink is squeezed out to nozzle, be dropped on recording medium, complete printing.
In Fig. 4, the polymer solution stored in material-storing box 11 is switched to printing head, according to random electric impulse signal being added on piezoelectric patches 12 of print command, piezoelectric patches 12 can shake according to the large small frequency of signal, thereby polymer solution is squeezed out to nozzle, be dropped on recording medium, complete printing.
In Fig. 5, by high pressure syringe pump, the polymer solution in material-storing box is injected into to spray orifice, then by high voltage source, apply high voltage to syringe needle, make and near syringe needle, form taylor cone, continue to improve voltage, will form one superfine jet flow, this burst jet flow movement locus in 5mm is linear, so we can complete the high accuracy three-dimensional moulding by the near field moulding.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows: piezoelectric type typical printhead and piezoelectric three dimension printhead adopt the method for piezoelectric type to print.The jet hole place is fixed with piezoelectric patches, according to print command, electric impulse signal is added on piezoelectric patches, makes it produce electricity and causes contraction, thereby will print the material extruding delivery nozzle in the pressure chamber of nozzle, printing instantaneous pressure of raw material generation, prints.
Electrospinning 3 D-printing head adopts electrostatic spinning technique to print.The shower nozzle nozzle needle is connect to high-voltage positive electrode, and platform connects negative pole as dash receiver.When not having making alive, nozzle place polymer solution is spherical drop at syringe needle due to the effect of surface tension and gravity, under the electric field force effect, the part that has polarity in solution in different lewis' acid will be assembled to different directions, and the electron deficient part in cation or molecule will be assembled in the drop surface at nozzle place.Connect high voltage source, the drop at the nozzle place will be elongated as taper from spherical drop, namely so-called " taylor cone ".At this, charged drop produces a concussion, unsettled injection stream stage stable after falling 5mm, therefore the position of distance within 5mm that keeps shower nozzle and machined surface, in the volatilization rapidly of drop drippage Solvent, finally obtain the fiberizing be shaped at assigned address.
The piezoelectric type typical printhead, the piezoelectric three dimension printhead, electrospinning 3 D-printing head is fixed on disk clamp with the position that forms equilateral triangle, the angle on the long limit of printhead is 60 ° in twos, by circuit, selecting the printhead of long limit and X-direction guide rail parallel is the work printhead, prints needed raw material for three kinds and is separately stored in disk clamp.120 ° of every rotations of disk clamp just switch to another kind of printing head and carry out work, thereby the switching printing model realizes printing in two dimension, and low precision 3 D-printing and high-precision three-dimensional select a kind of printing model to print among printing.
Print system is controlled the motion of its three degree of freedom by motion controller.Drive the X axis guide rail movement and can adjust the X-direction skew of shower nozzle and workbench.Drive the Y-axis guide rail movement and can adjust the Y-direction skew of shower nozzle and working face.Drive the Z-axis direction guide rail movement and can adjust the spacing of work shower nozzle and working face.