CN103406669A - Method for directly machining turbine blade air film abnormal-shaped hole through laser - Google Patents
Method for directly machining turbine blade air film abnormal-shaped hole through laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for directly machining a turbine blade air film abnormal-shaped hole through a laser. The method is characterized in that the characteristics of a two-dimensional numerical-control rotary laser machining head are used, the RTCP function, namely the function of rotating around the central point of a cutter, of a multi-shaft numerical-control laser machining tool provided with the two-dimensional numerical-control rotary laser machining head is applied, and therefore directly automatic machining on the abnormal-shaped hole is achieved through one-time clamping and laser locating, wherein the abnormal-shaped hole is slant with the surface of a material and comprises a funnel-shaped inlet and a cylindrical outlet. The defects of an original twice-machining manner are overcome. Experimental verification has been carried out on the method, the abnormal-shaped hole machining efficiency and the abnormal-shaped hole machining accuracy are both remarkably improved, and the practical conditions are achieved. The method can be applied to aero-engine manufacturing and popularized to be applied to civilian industry products such as combustion gas turbines.
Description
Technical field
This patent is the method for the direct turbine blades air film of a kind of laser profiled holes, belongs to the Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical field.
Background technology
The profiled holes of entrance approximate trapezoid adopts and will obviously increase Film Cooling in the design of aero-turbine guide vane air film cooling structure, certain domestic type aero-turbine I level guide vane has also adopted this type of profiled holes at present, sees accompanying drawing one.
At present, the technique that secondary operations is adopted in such air film hole processing, at first adopt laser or spark machined cylindrical hole, then clamping, location or replacing processing head secondary are located again, adopts edm forming electrode processing prismatoid (or funnel-form) entrance.The immediate problem that this technique is brought is that the hole site that causes of secondary clamping or secondary location and angular deviation and shaped electrode electric discharge processing loss cause profiled holes surface configuration uniformity poor, see accompanying drawing two, and a large amount of processing of shaped electrode and consume and also to make processing cost high, more seriously the method working (machining) efficiency is too low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention designs for the shortcoming existed in above-mentioned prior art the method that the direct turbine blades air film of a kind of laser profiled holes is provided just, its objective is and realizes by the direct time processing turborotor of laser profiled holes.
The inventive method is on the basis of the multi-axis numerical control processing unit (plant) of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head and configuration thereof, take full advantage of that the numerical control function of the characteristics of moving light formula laser Machining head and processing unit (plant) completes, and carried out verification experimental verification, processing result shows that the method is feasible, practical, and working (machining) efficiency is more much higher than former method.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The method of the direct turbine blades air film of this kind laser profiled holes, it is characterized in that: the profiled holes of the method processing is inclined hole, the entrance of profiled holes (1) is tangent with cylindrical hole (2) at two waists (4) that are shaped as antiparallelogram of blade surface, the 3D shape of profiled holes shows as funnelform prismatoid (up big and down small) joins at inner rounding off with cylindrical hole (2), and hole exits is still circular hole.
The step of the method is:
(1) adopt the 8-axes 5-linkage numerical control laser process machine of a configuration two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5), this lathe possesses the RTCP function, before working special-shaped hole, the laser Machining head central point (6) of the two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) of this lathe is set in to the center of the outlet (8) of blade profiled holes, the S axle beat of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) is arrived to 1/2 of trapezoidal two waists (4) angle value, the inclination angle of adjusting the lathe turntable B axle that blade is installed is profiled holes prismatoid tiltangleθ, the prismatoid tiltangleθ refers to prismatoid side and the blade surface angle at the place, trapezoidal long limit (3) of profiled holes, translation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) makes the focus of laser beam to an end points on the trapezoidal long limit (3) of the entrance (1) of profiled holes and as cutting starting point (10),
(2) start the RTCP function of lathe, the deflection angle of setting the S axle during programming is the negative value of the angle of two waists (4), from an end points on trapezoidal long limit (3), is cut to another end points on trapezoidal long limit (3);
(3) cancel the RTCP function of lathe, keep the inclination angle of the deflection angle of the S axle of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) now and lathe turntable B axle constant, by the end points of the lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation trapezoidal waist of cutting (4) to trapezoidal minor face (9);
(4) the S axle of rotation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5), make its beat to 1/2 of trapezoidal two waists (4) angle value, then translation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5), make the cutting starting point (10) of the focus of laser beam to trapezoidal long limit (3), keep lathe turntable B axial rake constant, by lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation trapezoidal another waist of cutting (4) another end points to trapezoidal minor face (9);
(5) the S axle of rotation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5), making its axle beat is 0 °, adjust the inclination angle of lathe turntable B axle for arriving the cylindrical hole inclined angle alpha, the α angle refers to the central shaft (7) of cylindrical hole (2) and the angle of blade surface, the focal position translation of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) is got back to the end points of process finishing just now, complete the cutting of trapezoidal minor face (9) by lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation;
(6) keep the deflection angle of the S axle of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) be still 0 ° and lathe turntable B axial rake constant, trapezoidal minor face (10) central point of take is the center of circle, 1/2 of the length of trapezoidal minor face (10) is radius, by X, Y, Z axis circular interpolation cutting cylindrical hole (2).
The processing method that the present invention proposes for profiled holes be inclined hole, the hole inlet surface is shaped as antiparallelogram and manhole is tangent.It is tangent and join at inner rounding off on surface that the 3D shape of profiled holes shows as funnelform prismatoid (up big and down small) and cylinder, and hole exits is still circular hole.Characteristics due to the conduction of laser beam straight line, the difficult point in the direct working special-shaped hole of laser is the cutting processing of funnel shaped entrance, not only need the one-time continuous cutting to obtain desired prismatoid entrance, and guarantee in cutting process, laser beam sees through in the outlet scope of the cylindrical hole of processing subsequently, otherwise can destroy the integrality of circular hole.
For fear of the problems referred to above, the key problem in technology of processing method proposed by the invention be to utilize two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head can beat, the characteristics of rotation, and applied RTCP (the Rotation around Tool Center Point) function of 5 axle linkage machine tools, namely, around center cutter point spinfunction, carry out the cutting of prismatoid.
The essence of RTCP function is that the center cutter point is (when laser processing application, can see the laser beam action direction of laser beam foucing or user oneself definition as a bit, in this invention, this central point is called to the laser Machining head central point), in laser Machining head rotation or beat motion or simultaneously in the Two Dimensional Rotating process, guarantee that by the corresponding interlock of lathe X, Y, Z axis X, Y, Z coordinate position are motionless all the time.Briefly, after starting exactly the RTCP function, only input the instruction of processing head rotation displacement, when processing head rotatablely moved, digital control system was automatically controlled X, Y, Z axis and is synchronized with the movement, and realized the laser Machining head center position transfixion of definition.
Utilize the RTCP function, when laser cutting irregularly-shaped hole funnel-form prismatoid four limit, can allow laser beam all the time around the laser Machining head central point effect defined, in the present invention, the laser Machining head central point is defined in cylindrical hole, be the central axis of hole exits, so just can avoid laser to damage in the penetrability cutting processing does not need the material matrix part of removing.
The inventive method shows through verification experimental verification, and the method is feasible, practical, and working (machining) efficiency is more much higher than former method.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the shape schematic diagram of profiled holes on aero engine turbine blades
Fig. 2 is shown arrangement and the inconsistent schematic diagram of shape gone out of the profiled holes of prior art processing
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of 8-axes 5-linkage numerical control laser process machine
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head
Fig. 5 is the front shape schematic diagram of trapezoidal profiled holes
Fig. 6 is the side cross-sectional shape schematic diagram of trapezoidal profiled holes
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram in the inventive method processing special holes path
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to drawings and Examples, technical solution of the present invention being made to a step ground describes in detail:
Shown in accompanying drawing 3～7, the method of the direct turbine blades air film of this kind laser profiled holes, it is characterized in that: the profiled holes of the method processing is inclined hole, the entrance of profiled holes (1) is tangent with cylindrical hole (2) at two waists (4) that are shaped as antiparallelogram of blade surface, the 3D shape of profiled holes shows as funnelform prismatoid (up big and down small) joins at inner rounding off with cylindrical hole (2), and hole exits is still circular hole.
The step of the method is:
(1) adopt the 8-axes 5-linkage numerical control laser process machine of a configuration two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5, this lathe possesses the RTCP function, before working special-shaped hole, the laser Machining head central point 6 of the two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5 of this lathe is set in to the center of the outlet 8 of blade profiled holes, the S axle beat of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5 is arrived to 1/2 of trapezoidal two waist 4 angle values, the inclination angle of adjusting the lathe turntable B axle that blade is installed is profiled holes prismatoid tiltangleθ, the prismatoid tiltangleθ refers to prismatoid side and the blade surface angle at 3 places, trapezoidal long limit of profiled holes, translation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5 makes the focus of laser beam to an end points on the trapezoidal long limit 3 of the entrance 1 of profiled holes and as cutting starting point 10,
(2) start the RTCP function of lathe, the deflection angle of setting the S axle during programming is the negative value of the angle of two waists 4, from an end points on trapezoidal long limit 3, is cut to another end points on trapezoidal long limit 3;
(3) cancel the RTCP function of lathe, keep the inclination angle of the deflection angle of the S axle of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5 now and lathe turntable B axle constant, by the end points of the trapezoidal waist 4 of lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation cutting to trapezoidal minor face 9;
(4) the S axle of rotation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5, make its beat to 1/2 of trapezoidal two waist 4 angle values, then translation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5, make the cutting starting point 10 of the focus of laser beam to trapezoidal long limit 3, keep lathe turntable B axial rake constant, by trapezoidal another waist 4 of lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation cutting another end points to trapezoidal minor face 9;
(5) the S axle of rotation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5, making its axle beat is 0 °, adjust the inclination angle of lathe turntable B axle for arriving the cylindrical hole inclined angle alpha, the α angle refers to the central shaft 7 of cylindrical hole 2 and the angle of blade surface, the focal position translation of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5 is got back to the end points of process finishing just now, by lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation, complete the cutting of trapezoidal minor face 9;
(6) keep the deflection angle of the S axle of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head 5 be still 0 ° and lathe turntable B axial rake constant, trapezoidal minor face 10 central points of take are the center of circle, 1/2 of the length of trapezoidal minor face 10 is radius, by X, Y, Z axis circular interpolation cutting cylindrical hole 2.
Compared with prior art, this method turbine blades shaped air film hole has noncontact processing, electrodeless loss, without secondary clamping or location, the advantage such as precision is high, speed is fast, process flexibility is good, can realize processing on non-conducting material, made up the deficiency of original secondary operations mode.The method has been carried out verification experimental verification, and efficiency, the precision in working special-shaped hole all are improved significantly, and possess Practical Condition.The method not only is applied to the aero-engine manufacture, and can be applied to the products for civilian use such as gas turbine.
Claims (1)
1. the method for the direct turbine blades air film of a laser profiled holes, it is characterized in that: the profiled holes of the method processing is inclined hole, the entrance of profiled holes (1) is tangent with cylindrical hole (2) at two waists (4) that are shaped as antiparallelogram of blade surface, the 3D shape of profiled holes shows as funnelform prismatoid (up big and down small), and inner rounding off joins in hole with cylindrical hole (2), and hole exits is still circular hole.The step of the method is: (1) adopts the 8-axes 5-linkage numerical control laser process machine of a configuration two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5), this lathe possesses the RTCP function, before working special-shaped hole, the laser Machining head central point (6) of the two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) of this lathe is set in to the center of the outlet (8) of blade profiled holes, the S axle beat of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) is arrived to 1/2 of trapezoidal two waists (4) angle value, the inclination angle of adjusting the lathe turntable B axle that blade is installed is profiled holes prismatoid tiltangleθ, the prismatoid tiltangleθ refers to prismatoid side and the blade surface angle at the place, trapezoidal long limit (3) of profiled holes, translation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) makes the focus of laser beam to an end points on the trapezoidal long limit (3) of the entrance (1) of profiled holes and as cutting starting point (10),
(2) start the RTCP function of lathe, the deflection angle of setting the S axle during programming is the negative value of the angle of two waists (4), from an end points on trapezoidal long limit (3), is cut to another end points on trapezoidal long limit (3);
(3) cancel the RTCP function of lathe, keep the inclination angle of the deflection angle of the S axle of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) now and lathe turntable B axle constant, by the end points of the lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation trapezoidal waist of cutting (4) to trapezoidal minor face (9);
(4) the S axle of rotation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5), make its beat to 1/2 of trapezoidal two waists (4) angle value, then translation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5), make the cutting starting point (10) of the focus of laser beam to trapezoidal long limit (3), keep lathe turntable B axial rake constant, by lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation trapezoidal another waist of cutting (4) another end points to trapezoidal minor face (9);
(5) the S axle of rotation two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5), making its axle beat is 0 °, adjust the inclination angle of lathe turntable B axle for arriving the cylindrical hole inclined angle alpha, the α angle refers to the central shaft (7) of cylindrical hole (2) and the angle of blade surface, the focal position translation of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) is got back to the end points of process finishing just now, complete the cutting of trapezoidal minor face (9) by lathe X, Y, Z axis linear interpolation;
(6) keep the deflection angle of the S axle of two dimension NC auto rotary laser processing head (5) be still 0 ° and lathe turntable B axial rake constant, trapezoidal minor face (10) central point of take is the center of circle, 1/2 of the length of trapezoidal minor face (10) is radius, by X, Y, Z axis circular interpolation cutting cylindrical hole (2).
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103978314A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Air film cooling hole preparation technology based on picosecond laser auxiliary processing |
| CN106077947A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-09 | 温州大学 | A kind of constant speed elliptical orbit laser precision machining method of oblique cone round platform |
| CN106583949A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Low-damage processing method of film holes in single crystal high-pressure-turbine hollow blade of aircraft engine |
| CN106735657A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 成都鑫胜太数控设备有限公司 | A kind of processing method of aero-engine bilayer turbine blade film cooling holes |
| CN109551068A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-02 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A kind of rotor blade type face dustpan pore structure processing method and dustpan pore structure |
| CN112059445A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-11 | 华东师范大学 | Machining and positioning method for turbine blade cooling air film hole |
| CN114749806A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-15 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Method for preparing cooling film hole on turbine blade with thermal barrier coating |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103978314A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Air film cooling hole preparation technology based on picosecond laser auxiliary processing |
| CN106077947A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-09 | 温州大学 | A kind of constant speed elliptical orbit laser precision machining method of oblique cone round platform |
| CN106583949A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Low-damage processing method of film holes in single crystal high-pressure-turbine hollow blade of aircraft engine |
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| CN106735657A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 成都鑫胜太数控设备有限公司 | A kind of processing method of aero-engine bilayer turbine blade film cooling holes |
| CN109551068A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-02 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A kind of rotor blade type face dustpan pore structure processing method and dustpan pore structure |
| CN112059445A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-11 | 华东师范大学 | Machining and positioning method for turbine blade cooling air film hole |
| CN112059445B (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-02-11 | 星控激光科技(上海)有限公司 | Machining and positioning method for turbine blade cooling air film hole |
| CN114749806A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-15 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Method for preparing cooling film hole on turbine blade with thermal barrier coating |
| CN114749806B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-09-22 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Method for preparing cooling film holes on turbine blade with thermal barrier coating |
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Application publication date: 20131127 |