CN103403479B - Refrigerator - Google Patents
Refrigerator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103403479B CN103403479B CN201280009639.5A CN201280009639A CN103403479B CN 103403479 B CN103403479 B CN 103403479B CN 201280009639 A CN201280009639 A CN 201280009639A CN 103403479 B CN103403479 B CN 103403479B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- interior case
- cold air
- passage
- outer container
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 45
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000020965 cold beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920008285 Poly(ether ketone) PEK Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbutene Natural products CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000020333 oolong tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005644 polyethylene terephthalate glycol copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUYXXEXGKVKXAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC#N GUYXXEXGKVKXAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015040 sparkling wine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011496 sports drink Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
- F25D17/08—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation using ducts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
- F25D2317/065—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return
- F25D2317/0655—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return through the top
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
- F25D2317/066—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply
- F25D2317/0661—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply from the bottom
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2331/00—Details or arrangements of other cooling or freezing apparatus not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2331/80—Type of cooled receptacles
- F25D2331/803—Bottles
Abstract
Refrigerator (1) comprising: outer container (2); Interior case (3), is arranged on the inner side of outer container (2) and deposits the container (B) that liquid beverage (L) is housed; Passage (4), is formed between outer container (2) and interior case (3); Cooling device (5), makes the cold air in passage (4) cool; Spout (6), is formed in the bottom of interior case (3), the cold air in the passage (4) cooled by cooling device (5) for ejection in inside case (3); Suction inlet (7), is formed in the top of interior case (3), for sucking the cold air in interior case (3) in passage (4); And EGR (8), cold air is circulated in passage (4) and interior case (3).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of such as making containing the excessively cold refrigerator of the liquid beverages such as spirituous beverage, teas, coffee-type.
Background technology
With the condensation point of liquid following temperature the refrigerator of the container of liquid beverage can be housed with the supercooled state storage that liquid beverage keeps not freezing as a kind of, such as, there will be a known the cooling device recorded in patent document 1.
Cooling device in patent document 1 has the refrigerator of storing containers and controls the control device of ice the temperature inside the box.And, under the state that this cooling device is placed with container at refrigerator internal memory, control ice the temperature inside the box by control device, to make container be cooled by the cold air in refrigerator, thus make the liquid beverage in container become supercooled state.
But in patent document 1, the refrigerator structure of storing containers is clear and definite not.To make liquid beverage become supercooled state, then temperature control (temperature treatment) of liquid beverage (container) is extremely important.Specifically, need to make the periphery of whole liquid beverage (container) become almost uniform temperature, and need to cool in the mode not producing larger temperature difference in liquid.
Therefore, in the cooling device of the clear and definite not patent document 1 of refrigerator structure, liquid beverage is not easily made to become supercooled state.
Further, when utilizing the refrigerators such as general freezer or refrigerator-freezer, the phenomenon that temperature near cold airflow unbalanced (irregularty) or refrigerator inwall and near central authorities is higher can be produced, so the non-uniform temperature in refrigerator.Therefore, according to the deposit position of container or the shape of container, not easily make whole container cool equably, thus the liquid beverage in container can not be made excessively cold.
Patent document 1: Japanese Patent Publication 10-9739 publication
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of refrigerator, this refrigerator makes the liquid in loading container become supercooled state by simple structure.
In order to reach this object, refrigerator of the present invention comprises:
Outer container;
Interior case, is arranged on the inner side of described outer container and deposits the container that can load liquid;
Passage, is formed between described outer container and described interior case;
Cooling device, makes the cold air in described passage cool;
First through hole, is formed in the bottom of described interior case, for being communicated with the inner side of described passage and described interior case;
Second through hole, is formed on the position relative with described bottom of described interior upper box part, for being communicated with the inner side of described passage and described interior case; And
EGR, described cold air is circulated in described passage and described interior case, make the described cold air sprayed in described interior case from any one through hole described first through hole and described second through hole in the described passage that cooled by described cooling device, and the described cold air sucked in described passage from another through hole described interior case
Under the state depositing described container in described interior case, by described EGR, the described cold air cooled by described cooling device is circulated, thus with the following temperature of the condensation point of described liquid and described liquid keeps uncongealable supercooled state to store described container.
Preferably, be the spout spraying described cold air in described interior case at the first through hole described in refrigerator of the present invention,
Described second through hole is the suction inlet of the described cold air sucked in described passage in described interior case.
Preferably, described in refrigerator of the present invention, the area of suction inlet is greater than the area of described spout.
Preferably, be arranged on the whole region of described bottom at spout described in refrigerator of the present invention, described suction inlet is arranged on the whole region on described top.
Preferably, at cooling device described in refrigerator of the present invention, there is the refrigerant tubing be embedded in described outer container.
Preferably, the contact internal walls of refrigerant tubing and described outer container described in refrigerator of the present invention.
Preferably, described in refrigerator of the present invention, the described inwall of outer container is made up of metal material (metallicsubstance).
Preferably, in refrigerator of the present invention, there is support component, described support component to be arranged between described outer container and described interior case and to support described interior case relative to described outer container, and described support component is made up of vibration-proof material, and described vibration-proof material is absorbed in the vibration produced in described outer container.
Preferably, at EGR described in refrigerator of the present invention, there is the fan be arranged in described passage.
Preferably, refrigerator of the present invention cools described liquid as follows: the temperature at position the highest for temperature in described liquid is set to Tmax, when the temperature at position minimum for temperature is set to Tmin, below the condensation point that described liquid is in described liquid, Tmax-Tmin is made to meet less than 0.1 DEG C.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the preferred embodiment of refrigerator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic of illustrated refrigerator in FIG.
Fig. 3 is the front view of illustrated refrigerator in FIG.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, the preferred embodiment of present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying refrigerator.
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the preferred embodiment of refrigerator of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic of illustrated refrigerator in FIG, and Fig. 3 is the front view of illustrated refrigerator in FIG.And the top in the following description in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is called " on ", below is called D score.
As illustrated throughout the figures, refrigerator 1 comprises outer container 2, be arranged on the inner side of outer container 2 and deposit the interior case 3 of the container B that liquid beverage (liquid) L is housed, be formed in the passage 4 between outer container 2 and interior case 3, make the gas-cooled cooling device 5 in passage 4, to be formed on interior case 3 and the spout 6 of gas (cold air) in the passage 4 that inwardly ejection is cooled by cooling device 5 in case 3, to be formed on interior case 3 and by the suction inlet 7 in the air suction pathway 4 in interior case 3, make cold air at the EGR 8 of passage 4 and interior case 3 Inner eycle, and the support component 9 of interior case 3 is supported relative to outer container 2.
This refrigerator 1 is under the state depositing container B in interior case 3, by EGR 8, the gas cooled by cooling device 5 is circulated, the refrigerator of the supercooled state tank B do not freezed can be kept with liquid beverage L with the following temperature of the condensation point of liquid beverage L thus.
Keep the liquid beverage L of the supercooled state do not freezed with the temperature below condensation point, such as, take out from refrigerator 1 and apply vibration or pour cup etc. into, will frozen fruit juice be become to reveal (sherbet) state by flash frozen.
Liquid beverage L is not particularly limited, such as, has the alcoholic beverage (alcoholicdrinks) of the cold drinks (colddrinks) such as teas (oolong tea, green tea, baked barley tea etc.), coffee (coffee) class, mineral water (mineralwater), sports drink, lactic acid drink (milk etc.) or sparkling wine, beer, grape wine, Janpanese sake or liquor etc.The condensation point of foregoing cold drink (colddrinks) is about-9 DEG C to-4 DEG C, and the condensation point of alcoholic beverage (alcoholicdrinks) is about-15 DEG C to-12 DEG C.
And the capacity for container B is not particularly limited, but be preferably 80 to 1000ml, be more preferably 100 to 600ml.By the capacity of container B is set to above-mentioned scope, the temperature difference in the liquid beverage L of the generation when cooling can be reduced, therefore, it is possible to make liquid beverage L become supercooled state more effectively.
In refrigerator 1, the temperature of the temperature highest portion position of the liquid beverage L in container B is set to Tmax, when the temperature at the minimum position of temperature is set to Tmin, be preferably that the mode of less than 0 ~ 0.1 DEG C makes container B cool to meet Tmax-Tmin, being more preferably to meet Tmax-Tmin is that the mode of less than 0 ~ 0.05 DEG C makes container B cool.Thereby, it is possible to make liquid beverage L become supercooled state more effectively.
And, when the temperature of liquid beverage L is below the condensation point of this liquid beverage L, preferably in the mode producing the temperature difference in liquid beverage L hardly, container B is cooled, when condensation point higher than this liquid beverage L of the temperature of liquid beverage L, the larger temperature difference (such as, about 1 ~ 2 DEG C) is produced also harmless in liquid beverage L.
As shown in Figure 1, the front openings of outer container 2.Specifically, outer container 2 has main body 21 and door 22, and described its front of main body 21 has opening, and described door 22, and can opening described in opening and closing relative to the rotatable setting of main body 21.
As shown in Figure 2, main body 21 has outer wall 211 and inwall 212, and is filled with heat-barrier material 213 between outer wall 211 and inwall 212.And, in main body 21, be embedded with the refrigerant tubing 51 that cooling device 5 has.In addition, in main body 21, be provided with Machine Room 214, and be equipped with when driving refrigerator 1 required various mechanical in described Machine Room 214.This mechanical evaporimeter 53, compressor 54 and the condenser 55 etc. such as having power supply and cooling device 5 to have.
Outer wall 211 such as can be made up of various plastics (plastic).Described plastics such as have polyethylene (polyethylene), polypropylene (polypropylene), the polyolefin (polyolefin) of ethylene propylene copolymer etc., polyvinyl chloride (polyvinylchloride), polystyrene (polystyrene), polyamide (polyamide), polyimides (polyimide), Merlon (polycarbonate), poly-(4-methylpentene (methylpentene)-1), ionomer, acrylic acid (acrylic) resinoid, polymethyl methacrylate (polymethylmethacrylate), acrylonitrile butadient styrene (ABS resin), acrylonitrile (acrylonitrile) styrol copolymer (AS resin), butadienestyrene copolymer, PETG (polyethyleneterephthalate, PET), the polyester (polyester) of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) (PBT) etc., polyethers (ether), polyether-ketone (PEK), polyether-ether-ketone (polyetheretherketone, PEEK), PEI (polyetherimide), polyacetals (polyacetal, POM), polyphenylene oxide (polyphenyleneoxide), polysulfones, polyether sulfone (polyethersulfone), polyphenylene sulfide (Polyphenylenesulfide), polyarylate (polyarylate), aromatic polyester (polyester) (liquid crystal polymer), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Kynoar (polyvinylidenedifluoride), other fluorine-type resins, epoxy resin (epoxideresin), phenolic resins (phenolresin), carbamide resin (urearesin), melamine resin (melamineresin), silicone resin (siliconeresin) or polyurethane (polyurethane) etc., or the copolymer based on these, mixture, polymer (polymer) alloy etc., can combinationally use in these materials one or more.
Inwall 212 is preferably made up of the material that pyroconductivity (thermalconductivity) is high.The cold air (air) in passage 4 can effectively and be balancedly made to cool thus.This material such as has the alloy such as the various metal such as nickel, cobalt, gold, platinum, silver, copper, manganese, aluminium, magnesium, zinc, lead, tin, titanium, tungsten and stainless steel (such as SUS303, SUS304, SUS316, SUS316L, SUS316J1, SUS316J1L, SUS318, SUS405, SUS430, SUS434, SUS444, SUS429, SUS430F, SUS302 etc.).
Heat-barrier material 213 is not particularly limited, such as, has the porous materials such as foamed material or various pottery (ceramics) etc.
Interior case 3 is provided with in the outer container 2 of this structure, and storing containers B in this interior case 3.The front openings of interior case 3, opens the door 22 of outer container 2, just can container B be left in interior case 3 simply.
Inner space (internalspace) size for this interior case 3 is not particularly limited, but such as longitudinal length × lateral length × degree of depth can be set to 30 ~ 50cm × 30 ~ 50cm × 30 ~ about 50cm.By the interior space dimension of interior case 3 is set to above-mentioned scope, the inner space of interior case 3 can be made to have suitable width, therefore, in case 3, the temperature at each position is unbalanced will diminish, thus liquid beverage L can be made to cool with more stable state.Thereby, it is possible to make liquid beverage L become supercooled state more effectively.
As previously mentioned, to make liquid beverage L become supercooled state, importantly container B is cooled in the mode not producing the large temperature difference in liquid beverage L with almost uniform temperature from its whole periphery.Therefore, unbalanced by the temperature reducing each position in interior case 3, liquid beverage L can be made more effectively to become supercooled state.Moreover the temperature difference of the part that the temperature in interior case 3 is the highest and the minimum part of temperature is preferably less than 1 DEG C.If the temperature difference is in above-mentioned scope, liquid beverage L can be made to become supercooled state more effectively.
In addition, interior case 3 is arranged to not contact with outer container 2.And in the present embodiment, interior case 3 is fixed on outer container 2 by multiple support component 9.Moreover, for quantity and the setting position of support component 9, as long as interior case 3 can be supported relative to outer container 2, be just not particularly limited.
Each support component 9 is made up of the vibration-proof material absorbing vibration.By adopting this structure, the vibration that makes to produce at outer container 2 (vibration such as, produced along with the opening and closing of door 22 or be placed in the various mechanical driving of Machine Room 214 and the vibration that produces) is not easily delivered to interior case 3.The supercooled state of liquid beverage L is easily destroyed due to vibration etc., can cause freezing of liquid beverage L thus.Therefore, as the present embodiment, by the structure adopting vibration to be not easily delivered to interior case 3, the supercooled state of liquid beverage L can be kept more effectively.
For the structure of support component 9, be just not particularly limited as long as its function can be played.Such as, as shown in Figure 3, can be the structure that metallic plate 93 is set between a pair rubber components 91,92.By adopting this structure, more effectively can be absorbed in by support component 9 vibration that outer container 2 produces.In addition, support component 9 can use known absorption of vibrations gel etc.
The material more than preferred material (such as, pyroconductivity be 50W/(mk) high by pyroconductivity (thermalconductivity) of interior case 3) form.Thereby, it is possible to the temperature more reducing each position in interior case 3 is unbalanced.For the material that aforesaid pyroconductivity is high, being not particularly limited, such as, can be the material identical with the constituent material of aforementioned inwall 212.
In addition, be formed with spout 6 in the bottom surface (bottom) of interior case 3, spray cold air from the inside case 3 of this spout 6.And (top) is formed with suction inlet 7 on interior case 3, suck the cold air in interior case 3 from this suction inlet 7.
Spout 6 and suction inlet 7 are formed up and down relatively across the inner space (internalspace) of interior case 3, and from downside, upwards effluent is dynamic in interior case 3 can to make cold air thus.Therefore, such as can prevent cold air because of free convection (naturalconvection) and flow to bottom and the phenomenon stopped, thus the temperature that more can reduce each position in interior case 3 is unbalanced.
In the present embodiment, spout 6 is made up of the inner side of case 3 and multiple through holes (the first through hole) 61 of passage 4 in connection.In addition, multiple through hole 61 is formed uniformly on the almost whole region of interior case 3 bottom surface.Multiple through hole 61 has less aperture area (aperturearea), and spacing (narrowpitch) between through hole is narrower.Thereby, it is possible to cold air is sent in balanced by spout 6 and equably inwardly in case 3 whole region.Therefore, it is possible to the temperature more reducing each position in interior case 3 is unbalanced.
For the aperture area (cross sectional area) of through hole 61, be not particularly limited, be preferably 1 ~ 10mm2.And the interval (standoff distance of adjacent through hole 61) between through hole 61 is preferably 1 ~ 5mm.More highlight described effect thus.
And suction inlet 7 is made up of the inner side of case 3 and multiple through holes (the second through hole, 71) of passage 4 in connection.Multiple through hole 71 is formed uniformly on the almost whole region of interior case 3.Multiple through hole 71 has less aperture area, and spacing between through hole is narrower.The aperture area of through hole 71 is identical with above-mentioned through hole 61 with spacing.By this structure, can balanced and cold air in sucking equably in case 3 via suction inlet 7.Therefore, such as, because cold air can not rest in interior case 3 for a long time, the temperature that more can reduce each position in interior case 3 is unbalanced.
In addition, the region being formed with suction inlet 7 is preferably wide than the region being formed with spout 6.Thus, the flowing of cold air from bottom to up more successfully can be formed in interior case 3.Therefore, such as, because cold air can not stay in interior case 3 for a long time, the unbalanced of the temperature at each position in interior case 3 can more be reduced.
As shown in Figure 2, the holder 31 for containment vessel B is provided with in interior case 3.Holder 31 is designed to the flowing of the cold air do not hindered as much as possible in interior case 3.
In the present embodiment, be provided with multiple holder 31, described holder 31, from the front of interior case 3, is arranged by the depth direction of the inside case 3 of multiple (two) parts 311 roughly in " Y " font and forms.This holder 31 puts container B by sleeping at an upper portion thereof, container B stably can be left in interior case 3.
So, put container B by sleeping, cold air is contacted with the side of container B energetically, thus the contact area (contactarea) of container B and cold air can be increased further.Therefore, it is possible to from the surrounding of container B cooled containers B equably, thus liquid beverage L can be made more simply to become supercooled state.
And according to the holder 31 of the present embodiment, the container B of specified quantity is deposited in the place due to the regulation in interior case 3, such as, can set cooling condition (temperature, flow velocity etc. of cold air) simply.Therefore, it is possible to make liquid beverage become supercooled state more effectively.
And holder 31 is designed to container B and spout 6 is separated by a distance., therefore there is cold air and directly contact or discontiguous part in just spraying the part of cold air due to existence nearby and not spraying the part of cold air of spout 6.It is unbalanced that this region easily produces temperature, therefore when storing containers B by avoiding such region, liquid beverage L can be made more effectively to become supercooled state.
The standoff distance of spout 6 and container B (being positioned at the container B near spout 6 side), according to the structure of spout 6 or the spray volume of cold air and speed etc. different, but be preferably 5 ~ 10cm.If the distance that spout 6 and container B are separated by described number range, then the multiple cold airflows sprayed from each through hole pool a large cold airflow, liquid beverage L balancedly can be made to cool, thus can make it more effectively to become supercooled state.
As shown in Figure 2, there is interior case 3 and the outer container 2(main body 21 of said structure) between be formed with cold air path 4.Passage 4 guides the cold air sucked from suction inlet 7 into spout 6.For thickness (standoff distance between interior case 3 and the outer container 2) T of passage, be not particularly limited, but be preferably below 10cm, be more preferably below 5cm.Thus, balancedly can be cooled cold air by cooling device 5.
And, have in passage 4 for making cold air at the EGR 8 of passage 4 and interior case 3 Inner eycle.EGR 8 has the fan 81,82 be arranged in passage 4, makes cold air by the sequential loop of case 3-suction inlet 7-passage 4-spout 6 in spout 6-by this fan 81,82.Thus, produce cold air to spray and the cold air flow that sucks from suction inlet 7 of the cold air sprayed from spout 6.
For the flowing velocity (flow velocity) of the cold air produced by fan 81,82, be not particularly limited, but be preferably 0.1 ~ 2.0m/s near spout 6, be more preferably 0.05 ~ 0.5m/s.By the flow velocity of cold air is set to this scope, fully can shortens the cold air sprayed from spout 6 and rest on time in interior case 3, the flowing of cold air can be stablized simultaneously.Its result, the temperature that can reduce each position in interior case 3 is more effectively unbalanced.
Be inhaled into after cold air in passage 4 cools by cooling device 5 by fan 81,82 from suction inlet 7, spray in interior case 3 from spout 6.
As shown in Figure 2, cooling device 5 has the refrigerant tubing 51 be arranged in the main body 21 of outer container 2, the evaporimeter 53 being contained in Machine Room 214, compressor 54 and condenser 55.Evaporimeter 53 is connected by refrigerant tubing 51 with condenser 55 respectively with compressor 54, compressor 54, is filled with cold-producing medium in refrigerant tubing 51.
This cooling device 5, by carrying out the heat exchange between passage 4 inside and outside, makes the cold air in passage 4 cool.That is, cooling device 5 is by being filled in the heat of cold-producing medium in evaporimeter 53 in absorbing path 4 in refrigerant tubing 51, and is compressed at compressor 54, and condenser 55 externally air discharge the mode of heat, the cold air in passage 4 is cooled.
So, by cooling device 5, the cold air in passage 4 is cooled, and utilize the cold air of cooling to make the internal cooling of interior case 3, each several part in interior case 3 can be cooled thus equably, thus the temperature that can reduce each several part in interior case 3 is unbalanced.
Refrigerant tubing 51 preferably contacts with the inwall 212 of outer container 2.Thus, the heat exchange between the cold-producing medium of flowing in refrigerant tubing 51 and the cold air flowed in passage 4 can effectively be carried out by inwall 212.As mentioned above, because inwall 212 is made up of, therefore, it is possible to effectively carry out heat exchange as above the material (such as, aluminium) that pyroconductivity is high.And, balancedly can cool whole inwall 212 by cold-producing medium, therefore balancedly can carry out heat exchange to the cold air of flowing in passage 4.That is, the cold air of temperature equalization can be generated, and spray the cold air generated in spout 6 inwardly case 3.Therefore, it is possible in reducing, the temperature at each position of case 3 is unbalanced, thus liquid beverage L can be made to cool with more stable state.Thereby, it is possible to make liquid beverage L become supercooled state more effectively.
Especially, in the present embodiment, refrigerant tubing 51 is configured in upper surface portion 21a, back part 21b and the bottom surface sections 21c of main body 21 respectively, therefore can cool cold air in the almost whole region of passage 4.Thereby, it is possible to generate the cold air of temperature equalization.In addition, for the configuration of refrigerant tubing 51, be not particularly limited, as long as the cold air in passage 4 can be made to cool, such as, only can be configured in back part 21b.And, without the need to being embedded in main body 21, also can being configured in passage 4 and exposing.
Cooling device 5 is different according to the kind of liquid beverage L, such as, when liquid beverage L is alcoholic beverage, cold air is cooled and makes the temperature in interior case 3 reach-15 ~-12 DEG C, when liquid beverage L is cold drink, cold air is cooled and makes the temperature in interior case 3 reach-9 ~-4 DEG C.Further, cooling device 5 also can have the temperature-detecting device for detecting temperature in interior case 3, thus adjusts the cooling degree of cold air according to the testing result of temperature-detecting device.
According to illustrated embodiment, refrigerator of the present invention is illustrated above, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Such as, its Each part of refrigerator of the present invention can replace with arbitrary structure with identical function, but also can increase arbitrary structure.
In the above-described embodiment, spout is formed in the bottom surface of interior case, and suction inlet forms superincumbent structure and is illustrated, but be not limited thereto, also can form suction inlet in the bottom surface of interior case, and form spout above.
In addition, the structure of cooling device is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, such as, also can adopt air spray regime.
And the liquid loading container is not limited to cold drink or alcoholic beverage.Such as, can also be the beverage such as suds, thimerosal, liquid detergent (liquiddetergent), stock solution or liquid medicine with outside liquid.
Utilizability in industry
Can provide a kind of according to the present invention can make the liquid in loading container become the refrigerator of supercooled state by simple structure.Specifically, due to the cold air flow of spout towards superposed suction inlet from being positioned at bottom can be produced, therefore, it is possible to prevent the sedimentation of the cold air caused due to free convection (naturalconvection) etc., thus the temperature that can reduce each position in interior case is unbalanced.And, be not the internal cooling directly making interior case, but cooled by the inside spraying the internal case of structure of the cold air cooled in the channel from spout, thus the temperature that can reduce each position in interior case is unbalanced.
Accordingly, due to whole container Homogeneous cooling can be made, thus the liquid of loading container can be made effectively to become supercooled state.
Claims (8)
1. a refrigerator, comprising:
Outer container;
Interior case, is arranged on the inner side of described outer container and deposits the container that can load liquid;
Passage, is formed between described outer container and described interior case;
Cooling device, makes the cold air in described passage cool;
First through hole, is formed in the bottom of described interior case, for being communicated with the inner side of described passage and described interior case;
Second through hole, is formed on the position relative with described bottom on the top of described interior case, for being communicated with the inner side of described passage and described interior case; And
EGR, described cold air is circulated in described passage and described interior case, make the described cold air sprayed in described interior case from any one through hole described first through hole and described second through hole in the described passage that cooled by described cooling device, and the described cold air sucked in described passage from another through hole described interior case
Under the state depositing described container in described interior case, by described EGR, the described cold air cooled by described cooling device is circulated, thus with the following temperature of the condensation point of described liquid and described liquid keeps uncongealable supercooled state to store described container
Wherein said first through hole is the spout spraying described cold air in described interior case, and described second through hole is the suction inlet of the described cold air sucked in described passage in described interior case, and,
The wherein contact internal walls of refrigerant tubing and described outer container.
2. refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein,
The area of described suction inlet is greater than the area of described spout.
3. refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein,
Described spout is arranged on the whole region of described bottom, and described suction inlet is arranged on the whole region on described top.
4. refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein,
Described cooling device has the refrigerant tubing be embedded in described outer container.
5. refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein,
The described inwall of described outer container is made up of metal material.
6. refrigerator according to claim 1, comprising:
Support component, being arranged between described outer container and described interior case and supporting described interior case relative to described outer container, described support component is made up of vibration-proof material, and described vibration-proof material is absorbed in the vibration produced in described outer container.
7. refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein,
Described EGR has the fan be arranged in described passage.
8. refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein,
As follows described liquid is cooled: the temperature at position the highest for temperature in described liquid is set to Tmax, when the temperature at position minimum for temperature is set to Tmin, below the condensation point that described liquid is in described liquid, Tmax-Tmin is made to meet less than 0.1 DEG C.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011061509A JP5716211B2 (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2011-03-18 | Refrigerator |
| JP2011-061509 | 2011-03-18 | ||
| PCT/JP2012/056863 WO2012128208A1 (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-03-16 | Refrigeration storage unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103403479A CN103403479A (en) | 2013-11-20 |
| CN103403479B true CN103403479B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280009639.5A Active CN103403479B (en) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-03-16 | Refrigerator |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5716211B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101489489B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103403479B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012128208A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11837059B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2023-12-05 | Pepsico, Inc. | Beverage container dispenser and method for dispensing beverage containers |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6101172B2 (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2017-03-22 | 福島工業株式会社 | High humidity refrigerator |
| US20180120015A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2018-05-03 | Bsh Hausgeraete Gmbh | A domestic cooling device with shock freezing |
| CN106839575B (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2019-09-27 | 海信容声(广东)冷柜有限公司 | The air-cooled frostless horizontal refrigerator of one kind and its manufacturing method |
| US11910815B2 (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2024-02-27 | Pepsico, Inc. | Device and method for nucleation of a supercooled beverage |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2012197965A (en) | 2012-10-18 |
| KR101489489B1 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
| CN103403479A (en) | 2013-11-20 |
| KR20130120510A (en) | 2013-11-04 |
| JP5716211B2 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
| WO2012128208A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
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