Bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ultrasound electric machine field utilizing piezoelectric ceramic inverse piezoelectric effect, especially relate to a kind of bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor.
Background technology
Linear ultrasonic motor is the novel electrical micro-machine of one developing rapidly and apply the eighties in 20th century, it is the electric coupling apparatus utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric to realize electric energy-mechanic to change, by the rubbing action between stator and mover, elastomeric micro breadth oscillation is converted to macroscopical straight line (rotation) motion of mover, Direct driver load.Because it has that volume is little, lightweight, low-speed big, noise are little, response is fast, positioning precision is high, without electromagnetic interference and the advantage such as environmental suitability is strong, obtains increasingly extensive application in technical fields such as medical treatment, Aero-Space, robot, MEMS.
Single excitation mode conversion hysteria ultrasound electric machine is the one of ultrasound electric machine, and it is the excitation utilizing one group of piezo ceramic element, makes stator produce the complex vibration with two kinds of mode of oscillation components by the modal transducer of special construction.If there is certain phase difference between these two mode of oscillations and frequency is close, on stators and rotators contact interface, the end face particle of stator will produce elliptic vibrations, thus obtains motion and the moment of torsion of rotor by the friction between stators and rotators.The ultrasound electric machine utilizing MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A principle to make only needs one group of control circuit and driving power thereof, and control-driven system is simple, and manufacturing cost, control difficulty all can be reduced.
The research and development of current domestic linear ultrasonic motor is very fast, and the colleges and universities such as Tsing-Hua University, Nanjing Aero-Space University, Harbin Institute of Technology successively expand research to linear ultrasonic motor.Since two thousand four, Chinese patent net has published annular standing wave linear ultrasonic motor [200510046044.9], prism longitudinal bend composite vibrator linear supersonic motor [200610132316.1], triangle bended plate type piezoelectric straight line ultrasound electric motor [200710045921.X], H-shaped standing wave linear ultrasonic motor oscillator [200820014739.8], column structure dual-wheel foot driving linear ultrasonic motor and electric excitation method thereof [200710020963.8], the patent such as K shape linear ultrasonic motor [200810124426.2] based on continuous amplitude transformer principle successively.The deficiencies such as but existing linear ultrasonic motor also exists complex structure, power output is little, manufacture is difficult, higher to manufacture matching requirements, cost is higher and the life-span is short.These problems constrain their application in the industrial production.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of novel bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor, object is to overcome the deficiency existed in above-mentioned linear ultrasonic motor.
Bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor, comprises stator and mover, and mover comprises draw runner and is arranged on the frictional layer on draw runner surface; The single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter that described stator comprises support, fixed by support two identical, the friction-driven block that two identical elliptical vibration modal transducer are identical with two; Described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter outline is cylindrical, it comprises bolt and is set in back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and the front shroud on bolt successively, front shroud is provided with the ring flange that can connect with support, back shroud, piezoelectric ceramic piece, electrode slice and front shroud are connected compression by bolt by back shroud and front shroud, constitute the energy conversion part of bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor, the ultrasonic electric energy that A ultrasonic-frequency power supply and B ultrasonic acoustic-electric source export is converted to the ultrasonic vibrational energy of two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter.
Described elliptical vibration modal transducer and front shroud are made into the front end that is integrally provided in front shroud, or utilize an additional connection stud elliptical vibration modal transducer to be connected in the front end of front shroud, elliptical vibration modal transducer is inclined wedge-shaped structure, the former entirety of inclined wedge-shaped structure elliptical vibration modal transducer is cuboid, inclined wedge-shaped structure is formed be cut a part along its side of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axis direction after, formed in two sides of inclined wedge-shaped, not cut side is parallel to single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axis, the another side be cut becomes 3-30 degree angle with single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axis.
The object making elliptical vibration modal transducer form inclined wedge-shaped structure is the mode of oscillation in order to change single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, make its longitudinal vibration mode frequency and flexural vibration mode frequency close to or equal, due to the existence of inclined wedge-shaped structure elliptical vibration modal transducer, the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration that single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter produces is after being delivered to inclined wedge-shaped structure elliptical vibration modal transducer, be a part of extensional vibration component and a part of flexural vibrations component at the end parse of inclined wedge-shaped structure elliptical vibration modal transducer, and two oscillating components have certain phase difference, and then be compounded to form elliptic vibrations at the end of inclined wedge-shaped structure elliptical vibration modal transducer.
Described friction-driven block is arranged on the front end of elliptical vibration modal transducer by welding, bonding or screw attachment mode, and friction-driven block contacts with the frictional layer on rotating disk.Two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter are linked together by the ring flange of support and single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, and support is used for fixing stator and installs precompression device, stator is connected formation bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor in aggregates with mover, between two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axis after ring flange and support are fixed, angle is 20 degree ~ 160 degree.
Before not adding ultrasonic voltage signal and driving, the friction-driven block 10 of two elliptical vibration modal transducer front ends contacts with mover simultaneously.
During work, one of them single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter suspends, and another one single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter works.Namely: send into negative DC voltage signal to the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter electrode slice needing to suspend, utilize piezoelectric effect to make this single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axial shrinkage, and then the friction-driven block of elliptical vibration modal transducer front end is suspended on mover.The single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter need carrying out driving work to another one sends into ultrasonic sinusoidal electric signals, namely this single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter produces ultrasonic vibration, after ultrasonic vibrational energy is delivered to elliptical vibration modal transducer end from single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, be converted to the vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of extensional vibration and the flexural vibrations compound with certain phase difference, be namely converted to the vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of elliptical vibration modal transducer end; And drive friction-driven block to do ultrasonic elliptical vibratory together with elliptical vibration modal transducer end, and then mover is driven to carry out continuous linear motion.
When needs mover is to another direction rectilinear motion, exchange the ultrasonic electric signal type of drive of two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter.Compare the bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor that existing document is introduced, this linear ultrasonic motor has that power capacity is large, energy conversion efficiency is high, structure is simple, easy to manufacture, cost is low, the rigidity of structure is large, control-driven system is simple and the advantage such as vibration performance is stable.
Further, two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter of described bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor have one group of extensional vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece respectively.
Further, two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter of described bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor need a road ultrasonic electric signal excitation respectively.
Present invention employs the vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory that mechanical oscillation MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A mechanism is converted to the extensional vibration of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter elliptical vibration modal transducer, simplify the overall structure of bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor, greatly reduce the complexity of vibrational system, reduce manufacture, assembly difficulty and production cost, whole bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor structure is simple, easy to manufacture, is conducive to the realization of microminiaturized target; Two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter equal Zhi Xu No. mono-control circuits of this invention and ultrasonic electric signal encourage in addition, control difficulty is low, avoid the complicated ultrasonic-frequency power supply development cost that heterogeneous ultrasonic vibration is compounded to form elliptical vibration transducer, simplify control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply structure, reduce control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply cost, reduce control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply volume, be easy to the microminiaturization realizing control circuit and ultrasonic-frequency power supply, integrated, improve reliability, service behaviour is more stable, has a extensive future.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is application example schematic diagram of the present invention.
Number in the figure illustrates: 1. bolt, 2. back shroud, 3. piezoelectric ceramic piece, 4. electrode slice, 5. front shroud, 6. ring flange, 7. elliptical vibration modal transducer, 8. draw runner, 9. frictional layer, 10 friction-driven blocks, 11. supports, 12.A ultrasonic-frequency power supply, 13.B ultrasonic-frequency power supply
Embodiment
Shown in composition graphs 1,2, bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor, comprises stator and mover, and mover comprises draw runner 8 and is arranged on the frictional layer 9 on draw runner 8 surface; Described stator comprises support 11, by the identical single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter of fixing two of support 11, friction-driven block that two identical elliptical vibration modal transducer are identical with two; Described single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter outline is cylindrical, it comprises bolt 1 and is set in back shroud 2, piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, electrode slice 4 and the front shroud 5 on bolt 1 successively, front shroud 5 is provided with the ring flange 6 that can connect with support 11, back shroud 2, piezoelectric ceramic piece 3, electrode slice 4 and front shroud 5 are connected compression by bolt 1 by back shroud 2 and front shroud 5, constitute the energy conversion part of bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor, the ultrasonic electric energy that A ultrasonic-frequency power supply 12 and B ultrasonic acoustic-electric source 13 export is converted to the ultrasonic vibrational energy of two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter.Two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter of this bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor have one group of extensional vibration piezoelectric ceramic piece 3 respectively, piezoelectric ceramic transducer section diameter 30mm, and piezoelectric ceramic piece 3 material is PZT-8, is of a size of:
Ф 30 × Ф 15 × 5, the sheet number of piezoelectric ceramic piece 3 is 2.
Described elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 and front shroud 5 are made into the front end that an one-piece parts is arranged on front shroud 5, elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 entirety is inclined wedge-shaped structure, the former entirety of inclined wedge-shaped structure elliptical vibration modal transducer is cuboid, and the cross section length of side is 15
×15mm, long 40mm, inclined wedge-shaped structure is formed be cut a part along its side of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axis direction after, formed in two sides of inclined wedge-shaped, not cut side is parallel to single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axis, and the another side be cut becomes 10 degree of angles with single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axis.
Described friction-driven block 10 is by the bonding front end being arranged on elliptical vibration modal transducer 7, and friction-driven block 10 contacts with the frictional layer 9 on draw runner 8.Two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter are linked together by the ring flange 6 of support 11 and single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, and support 11 is used for fixing stator and installs precompression device, stator is connected formation bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor in aggregates with mover, between two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axis after ring flange 6 and support 11 are fixed, angle is 90 degree.
Two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter natural frequencys of bi-directional drive linear ultrasonic motor are all 25.32KHz mutually, impedance is respectively 75 and 78 ohm, dynamic electric resistor is 17 and 15 ohm, two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter need a road ultrasonic electric signal excitation respectively, A ultrasonic-frequency power supply 12 and B ultrasonic acoustic-electric source 13, its output voltage range is 0-400V, current range is 0-4A, output frequency is 25.32 ± 0.01KHz, and A ultrasonic-frequency power supply 12 and B ultrasonic acoustic-electric source 13 all have automatic frequency tracking function in designated frequency range.
Before not adding ultrasonic voltage signal and driving, the friction-driven block 10 of two elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 front ends contacts with mover simultaneously.
During driving, negative DC voltage signal-300V is sent into needing the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter electrode slice 4 suspended, utilize piezoelectric effect to make this single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter axial shrinkage, and then make the friction-driven block 10 of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 front end be suspended on mover; The single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter need carrying out driving work to another one sends into ultrasonic sinusoidal electric signals, after the ultrasonic electric signal that B ultrasonic acoustic-electric source 13 is exported is linked into the electrode slice 4 of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, namely this single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter produces ultrasonic vibration, after ultrasonic vibrational energy is delivered to elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 end from single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, be converted to the vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of extensional vibration and the flexural vibrations compound with certain phase difference, be namely converted to the vertical curved composite ultrasonic elliptical vibratory of elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 end; And drive friction-driven block 10 to do ultrasonic elliptical vibratory together with elliptical vibration modal transducer 7 end, and then mover is driven to carry out continuous linear motion.System after 10 minutes of running reaches stable vibration state, and the output voltage in B ultrasonic acoustic-electric source 13 is 240V, and electric current is 1.45A, and mover velocity peak values is 18.6mm/s.
Exchange the ultrasonic electric signal type of drive of two single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter, running the output voltage of A ultrasonic-frequency power supply 12 after 10 minutes is 240V, and electric current is 1.50A, and mover carries out rectilinear motion to another direction, and its velocity peak values is 18.1mm/s.