CN1034009C - Anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate - Google Patents
Anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1034009C CN1034009C CN94107498A CN94107498A CN1034009C CN 1034009 C CN1034009 C CN 1034009C CN 94107498 A CN94107498 A CN 94107498A CN 94107498 A CN94107498 A CN 94107498A CN 1034009 C CN1034009 C CN 1034009C
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- agent
- ammonium nitrate
- sodium
- hydrophober
- caking
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate, which is compounded from a dispersing agent, a penetrating agent, a reinforcing agent and a hydrophobic agent. The present invention aims to achieve the purposes of moisture protection and caking prevention which people want to achieve for a long time. The present invention is characterized in that the dispersing agent which displays the surface activity of negative ions is adopted as a crystalline form control agent of ammonium nitrate, and the penetrating agent which assists crystalline form control, the reinforcing agent enhancing granule intensity and the moisture-proof hydrophobic agent are added to the dispersing agent. The anticaking agent and an anti-hardening agent for ammonium nitrate, which are suitable for agricultural use, a dust adsorbing agent in the process of the processing of powdery explosives, and a dispersing agent of explosives can be used as effective additives for enhancing oil absorbing rate during the preparation of multiporous granular ammonium nitrate for ammonium oil explosives.
Description
The present invention is a kind of anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate, relates to easily the lump moistureproof anti-hard caking agent of meal of solid, mainly as the anti-caking and the anti-setting agent of agricultural ammonium nitrate, can be used as the dust sorbent material of the powder type explosive course of processing and the dispersion agent of explosive again.This anti-hard caking agent is made up of toughener and hydrophober etc.
As everyone knows, ammonium nitrate is the most widely used agrochemical, also occupies an leading position in powder type explosive and ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture component.But because the easy water absorbability of ammonium nitrate, morphotrophy, salt bridge recrystallization and the easy concreteness of particulate under the loading extruding, make ammonium nitrate in storage period, easily lump, harden, not only cause shatter value to reduce to degenerate with physicals such as granule strength reduction, and give produce, storing brings major obstacles and unsafe factor.
Since half a century, people have carried out unremitting research to the easy caking defective of improving ammonium nitrate.The fifties, be devoted in ammonium nitrate, to add hydrophobizing agents such as paraffin, but the wax class exists yield value low little with the thermoplasticity scope, makes product grain intensity too low; The sixties, the Soviet Union, Japan and Britain magnesium nitrate on probation or nickelous nitrate are made dewatering agent, because easily moisture absorption of these inorganic additives itself makes the deliquescence point of ammonium nitrate reduce after the interpolation, cause product particle can not bear great volume change face in storage period and break.
The seventies, Japanese Patent 7650898 (1978) was pointed out: adopt the polar group material that contains multistage amine can make the anti-caking additive of ammonium nitrate.Acetate solubleness in ammonium nitrate too little (0.001%) of used octadecane amine produce and use inconvenience, and single alkyl amine acetate can not solve the humidity resistance of ammonium nitrate.Organic dye such as the U.S. Cook eighties (Cook M.A.) C.I. 42685 on probation are made the crystal control agent of ammonium nitrate, find in the test: C.I. 42685 just has anti-caking effect in-18～30 ℃ of scopes, in fact the ammonium nitrate product packaging temp is often above 40 ℃, this class anti-hard caking agent just lost efficacy, the goods shatter value is just defective, so use limitation too big.
In recent years, development attempts to adopt ground phosphate rock (calcium superphosphate) as the ammonium nitrate anti-caking additive, addition is 1.5%～2.6%, though make the ammonium nitrate that fertilizer efficiency is better, cost is low, but evidence: the goods physicals still degenerates rapidly with ambient moisture, temperature, and its storage period is very short; And the adhesive property of this anti-hard caking agent is poor, and the goods powder is increased, and granule strength is very low, so be difficult to practical application.Therefore the easy anti-caking of ammonium nitrate becomes people and wants for a long time to solve and unsolved technical barrier.
The objective of the invention is to overcome disadvantages of background technology, design a kind of ammonium nitrate that makes and in storage period, keep good shatter value and granule strength, be difficult for moisture absorption caking, inexpensive practicality again, the good moistureproof anti-hard caking agent of net effect.
Design of the present invention: a kind of constituent element performance complement of design preparation, with low cost, the polynary anti-hard caking agent system that can solve the ammonium nitrate inherent defect, be intended to make ammonium nitrate and anti-hard caking agent to form the anti-caking of the protection against the tide ammonium nitrate granule molecular model of an even mixed crystal crystalline structure; For this reason, must cladding there be one deck moisture-proof film on its mixed crystal crystalline surface, and the nucleus that increases granule strength must be contained in its crystalline structure center, and the diffusant of crystals and permeate agent must be able to be controlled the polymorphic transition change feature of ammonium nitrate.Therefore this anti-hard caking agent system must be made up of the permeate agent of toughener, hydrophober, the diffusant that plays the crystalline form control action kou and an auxiliary crystalline form control action kou.Wherein the design of diffusant and permeate agent is the most key, and they mainly act on is the irreversible change or the slow variation of near the control ammonium nitrate crystalline form ammonium nitrate transformation temperature, keeps obtaining free-running property satisfactory stability crystalline form; Toughener makes and forms the insoluble impurities nucleus in the mixed crystal crystal after the ammonium nitrate granulation, improves granule strength; Hydrophober mainly plays moisture-proof role, can stop the intrusion of ambient moisture, and can improve the outward appearance Forming Quality and the fragility of goods.
According to above-mentioned design, the quaternary anti-hard caking agent system of a constituent element performance complement of design; Toughener adopts the inertia breeze that contains the insoluble silicon-dioxide of high-melting-point, and this class material is: silicate, talcum powder, diatomite, montmorillonite, wilkinite, vermiculite, kaolin, pearlife, sepiolite or the molten silica gel of gas etc.; Hydrophober adopts the easy film forming material of low melting point, and this class material is: longer chain fatty acid and salt thereof, wax, polyester and mineral wet goods; Designed the compound crystal control agent that plays a crucial role, be made up of the permeate agent of a diffusant that plays main body crystalline form control action kou and an auxiliary crystalline form control action kou, diffusant or permeate agent must adopt and contain polar group-SO
4H ,-SO
3H ,-PO
4The plane configuration anion surfactant of H.
(quality %) is as follows for composition of the present invention:
40～70 diffusants: Ushercell or methylene radical benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate or methylene-bis first
Base sodium naphthalene sulfonate or sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate
5～15 permeate agents: alkyl phosphate or amber acid ester sodium sulfate or sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate or
Sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate
15～25 tougheners: montmorillonite or sepiolite powder or wilkinite or vermiculite
10～20 hydrophober: stearic acid or sodium stearate or polyester or ceresine
Best composition of the present invention (quality %) is as follows:
55 diffusants: methylene radical benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate
10 permeate agents: sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate
20 tougheners: sepiolite powder
15 hydrophober: polyester
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1 successfully will contain polar group-SO
4H ,-SO
3H ,-PO
4The plane configuration anion surfactant of H is as the effective brilliant control agent that becomes of ammonium nitrate.
2 are applied in the ammonium nitrate, make shatter value and granule strength excellent property in storage period, the even anti-caking of the protection against the tide ammonium nitrate of duplex grain structure.
3 starting material source is abundant, with low cost, and the few effect of consumption is obvious.
Embodiment 1 connects following the best and forms (quality %) enforcement:
55 diffusants: methylene radical benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate
10 permeate agents: sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate
20 tougheners: sepiolite powder
15 hydrophober: polyester
Sepiolite powder 200g and sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate 100g are dried by the fire 4h respectively in 90～100 ℃ and 60～70 ℃ of baking ovens, then with methylene radical benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate 550g and polyester 150g add together puddle 40min in the ball mill of 10l after, product is promptly made in discharging.
The anti-caking of the protection against the tide ammonium nitrate that utilizes the present invention to make, its shatter value is 100% after tested, the particle mean compressive strength is the 8.0N/ particle, it is good to store three months product outward appearance physical conditions, shatter value is 95%, and granule strength is the 6.6N/ particle, does not lump, non-sclerous.2 press following composition (quality %) implements:
40 diffusants: Ushercell
15 permeate agents: alkyl phosphate
25 tougheners: vermiculite
20 hydrophober: stearic acid
Manufacturing of the present invention is with reference to embodiment 1.
Utilize that the present invention makes, for the performance that remote transportation pack the anti-ammonium nitrate that lumps with ton, the outward appearance commodity is good, does not lump, and stores three months product outward appearance physical conditions and does not change, its granule strength is the 6N/ particle after tested, shatter value is 100%.3 press following composition (quality %) implements:
70 diffusants: dispersing agent MF
5 permeate agents: amber acid ester sodium sulfate
15 tougheners: montmorillonite
10 hydrophober: ceresine
Manufacturing of the present invention is with reference to embodiment 1.
The ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture that utilizes the present invention the to make performance of ammonium nitrate, test result is referring to table 1.
Table 1 goods technical feature
4 press following composition (quality %) implements:
| Index name | Common ammonium nitrate | Prevent caking ammonium nitrate by the porous and granular that the present invention makes | Index |
| Outward appearance | Void content is few | Particle is spherical shape, expansion porous crack | - |
| Oil absorbency, % | 4.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 |
| Tap density, gcm -3 | 0.95 | 0.8 | 0.73-0.86 |
| Granularity, Φ 0.5～2.5mm particle, % | 80 | 92 | 90 |
54 diffusants: sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate
6 permeate agents: sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate
25 tougheners: wilkinite
15 hydrophober: sodium stearate
Manufacturing of the present invention is with reference to embodiment 1.
Utilize the performance of the ammonium nitrate explosive that the present invention makes, its explosion velocity is 3400～3600ms after tested
-1, gap distance is not less than 7cm, stores six months products and does not lump, and blast performance is also good.
Claims (2)
1 one kinds of anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate is characterized in that this anti-hard caking agent is made up of diffusant, permeate agent, toughener and hydrophober, and each component proportioning (in quality %) is:
40～70 diffusants
5～15 permeate agents
15～25 tougheners
10～20 hydrophober
Wherein diffusant is selected from a kind of of Ushercell or methylene radical benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate or dispersing agent MF or sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate, permeate agent is selected from a kind of of alkyl phosphate or amber acid ester sodium sulfate or sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate or sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, toughener is selected from a kind of of montmorillonite or wilkinite or vermiculite or sepiolite powder, and hydrophober is selected from a kind of of stearic acid or sodium stearate or ceresine or polyester.
2 anti-hard caking agents according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein a kind of composition of this anti-hard caking agent, and each set of dispense than (in quality %) is:
55 diffusants: methylene radical benzyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate
10 permeate agents: sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate
20 tougheners: sepiolite powder
15 hydrophober: polyester.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94107498A CN1034009C (en) | 1994-07-13 | 1994-07-13 | Anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94107498A CN1034009C (en) | 1994-07-13 | 1994-07-13 | Anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1114948A CN1114948A (en) | 1996-01-17 |
| CN1034009C true CN1034009C (en) | 1997-02-12 |
Family
ID=5033096
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94107498A Expired - Fee Related CN1034009C (en) | 1994-07-13 | 1994-07-13 | Anti-caking agent for ammonium nitrate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1034009C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1312082C (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2007-04-25 | Kao股份有限公司 | Additives preventing caking and humectation of nitrogenous fertilizers |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1107663C (en) * | 1999-03-25 | 2003-05-07 | 蔡剑斌 | Loosening agent for ammonium nitrate with high stability and high thermal stability |
| CN101555178B (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2012-07-11 | 自贡市鸿康实业有限公司 | Anti-caking agent for fertilizer and preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN102010269B (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2013-01-16 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Granulation modifier for high-tower compound fertilizer and application thereof |
| CN102190532A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-09-21 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Ammonium chloride anticaking agent |
| CN103215014B (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2019-02-26 | 北京石油化工学院 | A kind of ice-crystal cool cushion phase-change material anticaking agent |
| CN104291917A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-21 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Bentonite-based granular composite fertilizer anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108698948A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-10-23 | 亚拉国际有限公司 | ammonium nitrate fertilizer composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN107522535A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-12-29 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Compound fertilizer anticaking agent and composite fertilizer with slow releasing function |
| CN107793216A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-13 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer anti-caking agents and its preparation method and application |
| CN108218642B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2020-02-21 | 中北大学 | Heat-resistant anti-caking superfine ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN108588746A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-28 | 汶川县湘宁氯酸盐有限责任公司 | The method that Nacl prepares sodium chlorate |
| CN108560014A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-09-21 | 汶川县湘宁氯酸盐有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of sodium chlorate |
| CN111039730A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-21 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Waterproof formula of smokeless and sulfur-free firecracker nitrate medicament and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981656A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-10 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Moisture absorption resistance treatment of smokeless and sulfur-free firecracker nitrate medicament and preparation method thereof |
| CN111848314A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-10-30 | 北京北矿亿博科技有限责任公司 | Packaged heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3223478A (en) * | 1962-05-09 | 1965-12-14 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Storage stability of ammonium nitrate |
| US3230038A (en) * | 1962-05-04 | 1966-01-18 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Storage stability of ammonium nitrate |
| GB1383718A (en) * | 1972-06-28 | 1974-02-12 | Ici Australia Ltd | Treating inorganic particles with an anticaking agent |
| GB1462491A (en) * | 1973-09-25 | 1977-01-26 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind | Process for preparing prilled porous ammonium nitrate |
| SU712388A1 (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1980-01-30 | Предприятие П/Я А-7756 | Method of producing non-caking ammonium nitrate |
-
1994
- 1994-07-13 CN CN94107498A patent/CN1034009C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3230038A (en) * | 1962-05-04 | 1966-01-18 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Storage stability of ammonium nitrate |
| US3223478A (en) * | 1962-05-09 | 1965-12-14 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Storage stability of ammonium nitrate |
| GB1383718A (en) * | 1972-06-28 | 1974-02-12 | Ici Australia Ltd | Treating inorganic particles with an anticaking agent |
| GB1462491A (en) * | 1973-09-25 | 1977-01-26 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind | Process for preparing prilled porous ammonium nitrate |
| SU712388A1 (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1980-01-30 | Предприятие П/Я А-7756 | Method of producing non-caking ammonium nitrate |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1312082C (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2007-04-25 | Kao股份有限公司 | Additives preventing caking and humectation of nitrogenous fertilizers |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1114948A (en) | 1996-01-17 |
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