CN103400302B - A kind of wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions method for early warning - Google Patents
A kind of wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions method for early warning Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions method for early warning and system thereof.The present invention obtains electrical network and the real time operation mode data of wind energy turbine set by SCADA and WAMS, obtain the foundation of current electric grid contingent wind power disturbance in conjunction with wind energy turbine set historical data and be reasonably expected that fault set, the Wind turbines dynamic model set up and fan safe protection model, wind energy turbine set dynamic operating conditions after simulating grid fault, carry out the Power Network Transient Stability analysis after wind power base breaks down, and after failure removal, carry out static security analysis, by the serial index being applicable to the cascading failure early warning of large-scale wind electricity base set up, safety and stability situation after current electric grid generation wind power disturbance is calculated assessment, analyze large-scale wind electricity base and the risk of cascading failure occurs, realize the safety on line early warning of power system after wind power disturbance.The present invention is easily achieved, it is possible to reflect the power system safety and stability ruuning situation comprising large-scale wind power base intuitively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric system simulation and computational analysis field, be specifically related to a kind of wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions pre-
Alarm method.
Background technology
Modern power network is in large scale, operation mechanism is complicated, and the development of wind power technology is while providing more opportunities for electrical network, also
It is that electrical network faces series of challenges, makes operation of power networks control more complicated, to peak load regulation network and quality of voltage and safe and stable operation
All produce considerable influence.Owing to China region is wide, supply line head, and major part wind energy turbine set is all away from load center, is connect
The electric network composition entered is the weakest, and therefore Large Copacity Wind turbines is concentrated and accessed electrical network, has tied up electric network transportation ability.Particularly
In system jam and system voltage wave process, easily cause exiting in a large number of Wind turbines, cause the system failure to affect
The expansion of scope, reduces the safety and stability level of system.
The access in large-scale wind electricity base changes the distribution of electrical network original trend, line transmission power and the inertia of whole system, and
And owing to Wind turbines has different stable states and transient characterisitics, the therefore voltage of electrical network after wind power integration from conventional synchronization generating set
Stability, transient stability etc. all can change.China's wind-powered electricity generation great-leap-forward high speed development in recent years, makes some regional power grid wind
Electricity proportion drastically raises, but key technology disappearance causes wind energy turbine set to be difficult in adapt to grid requirements.Along with Jiuquan wind power base
The operation successively of one phase project, wind energy turbine set defect on grid adaptability gradually highlights.Due to some fault element in electrical network
Exit and cause the extensive transfer of trend, System Reactive Power uneven and the reduction of voltage, in succession cause other element out of service,
Eventually causing Wind turbines off-grid on a large scale, large losses wind power output, cause mains frequency to reduce, even fault is climing by local
Prolonging the whole network, system status more deteriorates, and ultimately results in whole system collapse.2012 2.24,4.17 and 4.25 continuous three times big
In scale Wind turbines off-grid accident, the off-grid capacity of Wind turbines is all more than 800,000 kilowatts, and large-scale wind power takes off the most frequently
Net is constituting serious threat to power system safety and stability operation.
New problem due to the power network safety operation produced that is incorporated into the power networks of large-scale wind power base, it is necessary to take new research
Method, needs constantly to explore and perfect in terms of basic theory and the method for analysis, could meet modern power network in energy-conserving and environment-protective, peace
Entirely stabilize the economy and run many-sided requirement to technological innovation.Country promote build strong reliable, economical and efficient, clean environment firendly,
Under the modern power network overall background that transparent opening and close friend are interactive, large-scale wind electricity base is needed badly and a set of is carried out wind for its safe and stable operation
Danger perception and the technical support system of early warning.Realize operation of power networks reliable, safety, economy, efficiently, environmental friendliness and use
Safety, is the target of intelligent grid construction, and the method for large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure risk perceptions and early warning is to ensure meter and wind
One of key technology that the power system safety and stability being electrically accessed runs, is the important technology realizing intelligent grid construction object
Means.The research of large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure risk perceptions and early warning technology is to ensureing power network safety operation and intelligence
The construction of electrical network has important theoretical direction effect and realistic meaning.
The fast development of WAMS and application make control centre can obtain high-frequency wind power plant operation data, for large-scale wind electricity
The research of base cascading failure risk perceptions and early warning technology is laid a good foundation.Large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure risk perceptions and pre-
Alert technology obtains electrical network and wind energy turbine set real time operation mode based on SCADA and WAMS, is worked as in conjunction with wind energy turbine set historical data
The contingent wind power disturbance of front electrical network, is estimated the safety and stability situation after current electric grid generation wind power disturbance, it is achieved wind
The safety on line early warning of electric disturbance.The key issue solved wherein is needed to have:
1, Wind turbines and safety guard model thereof are set up:
By for the power control strategy of blower fan during fault, need to carry out productive discussions with domestic main flow wind-powered electricity generation producer, analyze
The measured data that grid-connected fan trouble passes through, all types of fan parameter of identification, based on PSASP self-definition model storehouse, set up wind-powered electricity generation
Unit dynamic model and safety guard model, for possessing the Wind turbines of LVRT performance, set up LVRT relay protection
Mounted cast.
2, judgment mechanism and controlling mechanism research in large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure generating process:
Based on Wind turbines and safety guard model thereof, triggered, after simulating grid generation disturbance by relay protection dress signal
The behavior in succession of each element of wind power base, finally simulates the generation of cascading failure.Wind farm grid-connected point after primary fault occurs
Voltage Drop is to a certain threshold value, and fan starting low-voltage variation is out of service；Cause System Reactive Power superfluous due to wind energy turbine set excision and
The reactive power compensators such as SVC exit the most in time, cause the wind farm grid-connected point voltage of part to be increased to a certain threshold value, fan starting
High pressure/carrier current protection is out of service；The frequency fluctuation of system causes Wind turbines high-frequency/low-frequency protection act, finally simulates large-scale
The generation of wind power base cascading failure.
3, meter and the electrical power system on-line safety and stability analysis of wind power integration:
The security and stability wind-engaging electrical characteristics of electrical network after wind power integration, installed capacity of wind-driven power, the system scale of wind power integration electrical network,
Power supply architecture and layout, part throttle characteristics etc. are closely related, and wind-powered electricity generation has randomness and intermittent feature, traditional off-line
Method of Stability Analysis cannot meet requirement, it is necessary to the method for operation of real-time tracking wind energy turbine set operating condition and electrical network carries out on-line analysis,
After utilizing dynamic secure estimation and early warning system to realize wind power disturbance transient stability on-line early warning and failure removal, the static of electrical network is pacified
Full early warning.
4, the risk assessment that cascading failure occurs:
For large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure Prevention-Security, need to take into account dynamically and static security, after grid collapses,
Analyze wind power base wind energy turbine set off-grid situation and Power Network Transient Stability, after failure removal, carry out N-1 after electric network swim transfer
Static security analysis.Risk probability index by Probability Study technique study electrical network generation cascading failure.
Need now a kind of wind power base cascading failure method for prewarning risk solving the problems referred to above badly.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions method for early warning, and provides one
Planting wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions early warning system, the present invention is easily achieved, it is possible to reflects intuitively and comprises extensive wind
The power system safety and stability ruuning situation in electricity base, solves Wind turbines and safeguard protection model is set up, large-scale wind electricity base
In ground cascading failure generating process, the electrical power system on-line safety and stability of judgment mechanism and controlling mechanism research, meter and wind power integration divides
The problems such as the risk assessment that analysis and cascading failure occur.
It is an object of the invention to use following technical proposals to realize:
The present invention provides a kind of wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions method for early warning, and it thes improvement is that, described method includes
Following step:
(1) electrical network and wind energy turbine set real time operation mode are obtained；
(2) wind power base perturbation analysis is arranged with electric network fault；
(3) wind power base and safeguard protection simulation modeling；
(4) cascading failure is simulated；
(5) transient stability analysis of power system；
(6) Contingency Analysis of Power Systems；
(7) early warning of wind power base safety on line calculates；
(8) wind power base cascading failure risk assessment.
Wherein, in described step (1), obtain on-line operation floor data from SCADA and WAMS, carry out containing wind energy turbine set
Electric power system tide calculate, obtain reflecting electrical network and the electric network swim data of wind energy turbine set real time operation mode.
Wherein, in described step (2), integrate WAMS historical data, it is thus achieved that wind energy turbine set Historical Monitoring data, carry out data
Excavating the wind speed disturbance and power disturbance obtaining occurring, described wind speed disturbance includes gust disturbances, gradual change wind disturbance；Power disturbance
The situation that the output of wind electric field i.e. caused due to wind-force change increases suddenly and reduces, obtains each wind energy turbine set merit according to historical data
The maximum of rate fluctuation and minimum of a value；
Abort situation and type that wind energy turbine set occurs are scanned, and combine electrical network historical failure, obtain forecast failure collection, for
Follow-up cascading failure analysis provides initial disturbance.
Wherein, in described step (3), set up Wind turbines Dynamic Simulation Model and safeguard protection simulation model, be used for realizing electricity
The dynamic behaviour of Wind turbines and blower fan protection act during net transient stability analysis；
During Wind turbines dynamic modeling, set up mouse-cage type asynchronous wind driven generator SCIG, double-fed induction wind-power electricity generation respectively
Machine DFIG and the dynamic model of direct drive type permanent magnetism synchronous wind power generator PMSG；
In fan safe protection simulation modeling process, based on PSASP user-defined model, set up Wind turbines high pressure respectively
/ low-voltage variation model and high-frequency/low-frequency protection model, for possessing the Wind turbines of low voltage ride-through capability, set up low-voltage and wear
More relay protection and control model.
Wherein, in described step (4), according to the dynamic data of electrical network real time operation mode, initial disturbance and electric network element, enter
Row transient stability emulates, and calculates the change that Wind turbines is meritorious, idle, voltage electric amount is after electrical network generation disturbance, according to wind
Machine model and the action of safeguard protection modeling blower fan protection；
And the Wind turbines Dynamic Simulation Model set up according to step (2) and the simulation Wind turbines protection of safeguard protection simulation model
Action；When after primary fault occurs, wind farm grid-connected point voltage drops into the signal triggering Wind turbines low-voltage protection device action,
It is out of service that Wind turbines starts low-voltage variation；The SVC reactive power compensator lacking coordinated operation mechanism exits the most in time, makes
System Reactive Power is superfluous, when wind farm grid-connected point voltage is increased to the signal triggering the pressure protection device action of actual wind turbine generator system high-low,
It is out of service that Wind turbines starts high voltage protective；The fluctuation of Wind turbines grid-connected dot frequency causes Wind turbines high-frequency/low-frequency protection act,
Finally simulate the generation of large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure.
Wherein, in described step (5), after analysis generation primary fault, the transient stability of power system, determines by primary fault
Cause the seriousness of the cascading failures such as Wind turbines off-grid in succession.
Wherein, in described step (6), analyze Wind turbines off-grid and cause the static security stability of electrical network after power flow transfer, meter
Calculate the situation that the electric network swim caused due to power flow transfer is out-of-limit, determine the out-of-limit equipment of electric network element and out-of-limit degree thereof；Electrical network tide
Flow the out-of-limit inspection including that line current is out-of-limit, transmission cross-section is out-of-limit, transformer capacity is out-of-limit and busbar voltage is out-of-limit.
Wherein, in described step (7), on the basis of the current trend of electrical network, superposition wind power disturbance, obtains wind power disturbance
After electric network swim, in conjunction with dynamic secure estimation and early warning technology, use Distributed Parallel Computing method to the electricity after wind power disturbance
Net carries out the static security analysis after transient stability analysis and failure removal.
Wherein, described transient stability analysis includes: select wind farm network fault to include fault as forecast failure, wind power disturbance
When causing Voltage Drop, can blower fan keep parallel running, and wind speed disturbance；Time-domain-simulation method is used to carry out transient stability analysis
Calculate, it determines the Transient angle stability of system, Enhancement of Transient Voltage Stability and transient frequency stability；Determine that current electric grid is in advance
Think that transient stability under fault and wind power disturbance differentiates result, when the stabilization of power grids with the maximum work angle moment in time-domain-simulation and
Big merit angular difference index expression transient stability margin；When electrical network unstability serious with the transient stability of the index expression electrical networks such as unstability moment
Degree；Transient stability differentiation includes Transient angle stability, Enhancement of Transient Voltage Stability and transient frequency stability；
Static security analysis includes: after electric network fault excises, and owing to Wind turbines off-grid runs, causes electric network swim to occur to turn
Moving, system operation mode changes；Carry out Contingency Analysis of Power Systems, it is judged that in system, whether remaining element sets
Standby out-of-limit situation, and provide overload and out-of-limit facility information.
Wherein, in described step (8), according to transient stability analysis and static security analysis result, assessment large-scale wind electricity base is even
The order of severity of lock fault, cuts machine severity index, temporarily according to the Wind turbines being applicable to large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure risk
State stablizes severity index, static out-of-limit severity index, Wind turbines cut machine risk indicator, transient stability risk indicator and
The serial index of static out-of-limit risk indicator, analyze large-scale wind electricity base both ways and the risk of cascading failure occurs.
Wherein, described two aspects refer to:
(1) seriousness of wind power base generation cascading failure after breaking down: concentrate initial disturbance to imitate based on forecast failure
True analysis, Wind turbines off-grid wasted power, transient stability index and static security analysis trend in the case of comprehensive initial disturbance
Out-of-limit result obtains the seriousness of risk assessment；
(2) cascading failure is caused to occur after breaking down according to the probability factor of abort situation and type, blower fan protection act
Probability: to combine the probability of happening of forecast failure, fan safe protection act probability, calculate the risk of electrical network generation cascading failure
Probability level, eventually through the degree of risk showing generation cascading failure of risk alarm classification light.
A kind of wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions early warning system that the present invention provides based on another object, it thes improvement is that,
Described system includes:
Data interface module: obtain operation of power networks condition real time data from SCADA, the ground state trend calculated as on-line early warning；
On-line early warning computing engines: for wind energy turbine set perturbation analysis, the wind-powered electricity generation that forecast failure collection screened, is comprehensively set up
Unit Dynamic Simulation Model and safeguard protection simulation model, carry out electric power system tide calculating, transient stability analysis and static security
Analyze；
Database: for store historical data and real time data；
Distributed Computing Platform: be made up of dispatch server, a parallel computational nodes group of planes and data switching exchane etc., pass through task
Predistribution mechanism, by each node computer of each distribution of computation tasks, is performed on-line early warning computing engines respectively by each node and enters
Row time-domain-simulation, emulation is collected each task data result after terminating and is sent to data processing module；
Data processing module: for receiving the data of database and Distributed Computing Platform, and data are carried out interpretation of result and deposits
Storage；
Display module: show for form, figure shows and warning light shows；
Described data interface module communicates with on-line early warning computing engines；Distributed Computing Platform provides for on-line early warning computing engines
Platform is supported；Described database respectively with display module and data processing module communication.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention reaches to provide the benefit that:
1) electrical network and the real time operation mode data of wind energy turbine set are obtained by SCADA and WAMS, in conjunction with wind energy turbine set history number
It is reasonably expected that fault set, the comprehensive Wind turbines dynamic model set up according to obtaining the foundation of current electric grid contingent wind power disturbance
Protect model, wind energy turbine set dynamic operating conditions after simulating grid fault with fan safe, carry out the electricity after wind power base breaks down
Net transient stability analysis, and after failure removal, carry out static security analysis, the large-scale wind electricity base that is applicable to passing through to be set up connects
The serial index of lock fault pre-alarming, is calculated assessment to the safety and stability situation after current electric grid generation wind power disturbance, analyzes big
The risk of type wind power base generation cascading failure, it is achieved the safety on line early warning of power system after wind power disturbance.This extensive wind
Electricity base cascading failure risk perceptions and early warning technology are easily achieved, it is possible to reflect the electricity comprising large-scale wind power base intuitively
Force system safe and stable operation situation.
2) comprehensively utilize SCADA and WAMS information, carry out the Load flow calculation comprising wind energy turbine set, obtain reflect electrical network and
The online power flow data of wind energy turbine set real time operation mode.
3) according to the wind energy turbine set high-frequency Historical Monitoring data that obtain from WAMS, be analyzed obtaining wind energy turbine set it may happen that
Wind speed disturbance and power disturbance, solve be difficult to obtain wind power disturbance information a difficult problem so that wind energy turbine set anticipation disturbance meet electricity
Net truth.
4) by the foundation of forecast failure collection, it is possible to detailed is analyzed wind power base safe and stable operation situation, for sending out
The electric network fault that raw probability is bigger with impact, points out in result form, and person skilled is paid close attention to.
5) combine dynamic secure estimation and early warning technology, use Distributed Parallel Computing method that the electrical network after wind power disturbance is carried out temporarily
State stablizes safety analysis and static security analysis, and computational efficiency is high.
6) analysis result uses form, diagram and risk class alarm lamp synthesis display, form and diagram display detailed careful, figure
Show and should be readily appreciated that with alarm lamp intuitive display.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions early warning system structure chart that the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions method for early warning flow chart that the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.
Technical term involved in the present invention and abbreviation are as follows:
Wind power base cascading failure: the grid-connected power system containing large-scale wind power from electrical network or wind energy turbine set certain or certain several relatively
Little element fault starts, and in succession causes other element out of service, eventually causes Wind turbines off-grid on a large scale, large losses
Wind power output, causes mains frequency to reduce, and What is more is likely to result in the collapse of regional power grid, ultimately results in and has chain characteristic
Large area wind-powered electricity generation off-grid accident.
SCADA system: data acquisition and monitoring system, in power system, SCADA system is most widely used, technology
Development is the most ripe.It is as a topmost subsystem of EMS (EMS system), have information completely,
Improve efficiency, correctly grasp system running state, accelerate decision-making, quick diagnosis can be helped to go out the advantages such as system fault condition, existing
Have become as the indispensable instrument of power scheduling.It, to improving the reliability of operation of power networks, security and economic benefit, alleviates
The burden of dispatcher, it is achieved power dispatching automation and modernization, improving aspect in the efficiency and level dispatched has irreplaceable
Effect.
WAMS system: WAMS is WAMS based on PMU/APMU, can be under same reference time framework
Capturing the real-time stable state in each place of extensive interconnected electric power system, multidate information, these information are to power system mesomeric state and dynamically
The many fields analyzed and control are (such as Load flow calculation, state estimation, transient stability analysis, Voltage Stability Analysis, frequency stable
Analysis, Low Frequency Oscillation Analysis, global feedback control etc.) indispensable.
Dynamic secure estimation and early warning system: be a kind of computer system, the online real time data of electrically-based system and multidate information,
Periodically (5 to 15 minutes) obtain quasi real time operation of power networks data, roll and carry out on-line stability analysis calculating, it is achieved be the most steady
Determine early warning, scheduling aid decision and transmission cross-section stability margin evaluation function, provide stability limit and scheduling strategy, for scheduling fortune
Row provides to be supported, ensures the safe and stable operation of power system.
PSASP: Based on Power System Analysis Software Package, based on electrical network basic database, fixed model storehouse and User Defined mould
The support in type storehouse, can carry out including that the power systems such as the calculating of Load flow calculation, multilayer output feedback network, voltage stabilization, short circuit calculation are each
Plant computational analysis.
Self-definition model: in PSASP program, user can be familiar with engineers and technicians according to the needs of oneself computational analysis
Concept and method, design various model so that it is any element, automatics and control function can be simulated in principle flexibly.
Parallel computing platform: for the software platform of Electrical power system analysis and computing, be made up of multiple management nodes and calculating node,
Be capable of online data broadcast, result of calculation collects, calculates the functions such as task management, error handling processing and data backup, permissible
It is rapidly completed calculating and the analysis of power system.
The wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions early warning system structure chart that the present invention provides is as it is shown in figure 1, include:
Data interface module: obtain operation of power networks condition real time data from SCADA, the ground state trend calculated as on-line early warning；
On-line early warning computing engines: for wind energy turbine set perturbation analysis, the wind-powered electricity generation that forecast failure collection screened, is comprehensively set up
Unit Dynamic Simulation Model and safeguard protection simulation model, carry out electric power system tide calculating, transient stability analysis and static security
Analyze；
Database: for store historical data and real time data；
Distributed Computing Platform: be made up of dispatch server, a parallel computational nodes group of planes and data switching exchane etc., pass through task
Predistribution mechanism, by each node computer of each distribution of computation tasks, is performed on-line early warning computing engines respectively by each node and enters
Row time-domain-simulation, emulation is collected each task data result after terminating and is sent to data processing module；
Data processing module: for receiving the data of database and Distributed Computing Platform, and data are carried out interpretation of result and deposits
Storage；
Display module: show for form, figure shows and warning light shows；
Data interface module communicates with on-line early warning computing engines；Distributed Computing Platform provides platform for on-line early warning computing engines
Support；Described database respectively with display module and data processing module communication.
The wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions method for early warning flow chart that the present invention provides is as in figure 2 it is shown, comprise the steps:
(1) electrical network and wind energy turbine set real time operation mode are obtained:
Obtain on-line operation floor data (every 5 minutes once, text formatting) from SCADA and WAMS, carry out containing wind-powered electricity generation
The electric power system tide of field calculates, and obtains reflecting electrical network and the electric network swim data of wind energy turbine set real time operation mode.
(2) wind power base perturbation analysis is arranged with electric network fault:
Measuring and other relevant informations based on WAMS, wind power disturbance contingent to current electric grid is analyzed, and finds out electricity
The anticipation disturbance that net security implication is bigger.Obtain wind energy turbine set high-frequency Historical Monitoring data from WAMS, be analyzed obtaining wind
Electric field contingent wind speed disturbance and power disturbance.Wind speed disturbance comprises gust disturbances and gradual change wind disturbance, by WAMS history
Data draw through analytical integration, the situation that the output of wind electric field that power disturbance i.e. causes due to wind-force change increases suddenly, reduces,
Maximum and the minimum of a value of the fluctuation of each wind power is obtained according to historical data.
Abort situation contingent near wind energy turbine set and type are scanned, analyze the fault obtaining causing consequence the most serious
Obtain, with according to historical data, the fault that probability of happening is bigger, finally give a forecast failure collection.Divide for follow-up cascading failure
Analysis provides initial disturbance.
(3) wind power base and safeguard protection simulation modeling:
Wind turbines Dynamic Simulation Model and safeguard protection simulation model, be used for realizing wind turbine during Power Network Transient Stability is analyzed
The dynamic behaviour of group and blower fan protection act.Because unit is numerous in wind energy turbine set, actual large-scale wind power field generally comprises several
Ten, typhoon group of motors up to a hundred, by calculating quantitative limitation, it is impossible to model every Fans in detail, at dynamic simulation
Middle is an equivalent machine by the Wind turbines equivalence in wind energy turbine set.
The equivalence of Wind turbines inertia constant and damped coefficient uses average weighted method, it may be assumed that
Wherein: MjAnd MMIt is respectively every unit and the inertia constant (damped coefficient) of equivalent machine, SjAnd SMIt is respectively every
Machine and the capacity of equivalent machine.
During Wind turbines dynamic modeling, set up mouse-cage type asynchronous wind driven generator (SCIG), double-fed induction wind-force respectively
Generator (DFIG) and the dynamic model of direct drive type permanent magnetism synchronous wind power generator (PMSG)；
In fan safe protection device modeling process, based on PSASP user-defined model, set up Wind turbines high pressure respectively
/ low-voltage variation model, high-frequency/low-frequency protection model, for possessing the Wind turbines of low voltage crossing (LVRT) ability, sets up
Low voltage crossing (LVRT) relay protection and control model.Wind turbines dynamic model operates with safeguard protection model interoperability, simulation
The dynamic behaviour of wind energy turbine set during terminating this to emulation after electrical network generation initial disturbance.
(4) cascading failure is simulated；
The dynamic data of each element of electrical network real time operation mode, initial disturbance and electrical network, carries out transient stability emulation, calculates wind-powered electricity generation
The electric parameters changes after electrical network generation disturbance such as unit is meritorious, idle, voltage, according to blower fan model and safeguard protection pattern die
Intend the action of blower fan protection.After primary fault occurs, wind farm grid-connected point voltage drops into a certain threshold value, and fan starting low pressure is protected
Protect out of service；Cause due to wind energy turbine set excision the reactive power compensators such as System Reactive Power surplus and SVC to exit the most in time, cause
Making the wind farm grid-connected point voltage of part be increased to a certain threshold value, fan starting high pressure/carrier current protection is out of service；The frequency wave of system
Move and cause Wind turbines high-frequency/low-frequency protection act, finally simulate the generation of large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure.
(5) transient stability analysis of power system:
After analysis generation primary fault, the transient stability of power system, studies and is caused Wind turbines off-grid in succession etc. by primary fault
The seriousness of cascading failure, the Synchronous generator maximum work angular difference in Study system transient process, there is cascading failure in research system
After whether Transient Instability.
(6) electrical network static security analysis:
Analyze blower fan off-grid and cause the static security stability of electrical network after power flow transfer, calculate the electrical network tide caused due to power flow transfer
Flow out-of-limit situation, determine the out-of-limit equipment of electric network element and out-of-limit degree thereof.Electric network swim is out-of-limit includes that line current is out-of-limit, defeated
The electricity inspection that section is out-of-limit, transformer capacity is out-of-limit and busbar voltage is out-of-limit.
(7) early warning of wind power base safety on line calculates:
On the basis of the current trend of electrical network, the disturbance of superposition some wind power, obtains the electric network swim after a series of wind power disturbance,
Then in conjunction with dynamic secure estimation and early warning technology, sample distribution formula parallel calculating method carries out transient state to the electrical network after wind power disturbance
Static security analysis after stability analysis and failure removal.
Multilayer output feedback network method is as follows: near selection wind energy turbine set, network failure is as forecast failure, and wind power disturbance includes that fault is drawn
When starting voltage is fallen, can blower fan keep parallel running, and common wind speed disturbance.Time-domain-simulation method is used to carry out transient stability
Analytical calculation, it determines the Transient angle stability of system, Enhancement of Transient Voltage Stability and transient frequency stability.Calculating is given currently
Electrical network transient stability under forecast failure and wind power disturbance differentiates that result (includes Transient angle stability, Enhancement of Transient Voltage Stability
With transient frequency stability), temporary with index expressions such as the maximum work angle moment in time-domain-simulation and maximum work angular differences when the stabilization of power grids
State stability margin, when electrical network unstability with the transient stability order of severity of the index expression electrical networks such as unstability moment.
Static security computational methods are as follows: after electric network fault excises, and owing to Wind turbines off-grid runs, cause electric network swim to be sent out
Raw transfer, system operation mode changes.Carry out electrical network N-1 static security analysis, it is judged that in system, whether remaining element is sent out
The out-of-limit situation of generating apparatus, provides corresponding overload and out-of-limit facility information.
(8) wind power base cascading failure risk assessment:
According to step (7) transient stability analysis and the result of static security analysis, assess the serious of large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure
Degree, according to being applicable to the serial index of large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure risk, analyzes large-scale wind electricity base both ways and occurs
The risk of cascading failure.
Two aspects refer to respectively:
(1) seriousness of wind power base generation cascading failure after there is a certain fault: initially disturb based on forecast failure concentration is a certain
Move and carry out simulation analysis, Wind turbines off-grid wasted power, transient stability index and static state in the case of comprehensive current initial disturbance
The out-of-limit result of safety analysis trend obtains the seriousness of risk assessment；
(2) cascading failure is caused to occur after breaking down according to the factor such as probability of abort situation and type, blower fan protection act
Probability: consider the probability of happening of forecast failure, fan safe protection act probability, based on (Monte Carlo side, Monte Carlo
Method, or claim computer stochastic simulation method, is a kind of computational methods based on " random number ") sunykatuib analysis calculates current electric grid and sends out
The risk probability index of raw cascading failure.Eventually through risk alarm classification light formal intuition show generation cascading failure
Degree of risk.
Finally should be noted that: above example is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme is not intended to limit, although reference
The present invention has been described in detail by above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field it is understood that still can to this
Invention detailed description of the invention modify or equivalent, and without departing from spirit and scope of the invention any amendment or etc.
With replacing, it all should be contained in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (1)
1. a wind power base cascading failure risk perceptions method for early warning, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
(1) electrical network and wind energy turbine set real time operation mode are obtained；
(2) wind power base perturbation analysis is arranged with electric network fault；
(3) wind power base and safeguard protection simulation modeling；
(4) cascading failure is simulated；
(5) transient stability analysis of power system；
(6) Contingency Analysis of Power Systems；
(7) early warning of wind power base safety on line calculates；
(8) wind power base cascading failure risk assessment；
In described step (1), obtain on-line operation floor data from SCADA and WAMS, carry out the electric power system tide containing wind energy turbine set and calculate, obtain reflecting electrical network and the electric network swim data of wind energy turbine set real time operation mode；
In described step (2), integrating WAMS historical data, it is thus achieved that wind energy turbine set Historical Monitoring data, carry out wind speed disturbance and power disturbance that data mining obtains occurring, described wind speed disturbance includes gust disturbances, gradual change wind disturbance；The situation that the output of wind electric field that power disturbance i.e. causes due to wind-force change increases suddenly and reduces, obtains maximum and the minimum of a value of the fluctuation of each wind power according to historical data；
Abort situation and type that wind energy turbine set occurs are scanned, and combine electrical network historical failure, obtain forecast failure collection, provide initial disturbance for follow-up cascading failure analysis；
In described step (3), set up Wind turbines Dynamic Simulation Model and safeguard protection simulation model, for realizing dynamic behaviour and the blower fan protection act of Wind turbines during Power Network Transient Stability is analyzed；
During Wind turbines dynamic modeling, set up mouse-cage type asynchronous wind driven generator SCIG, double-fed induction wind driven generator DFIG and the dynamic model of direct drive type permanent magnetism synchronous wind power generator PMSG respectively；
In fan safe protection simulation modeling process; based on PSASP user-defined model; set up Wind turbines high voltage/low voltage protection model and high-frequency/low-frequency protection model respectively, for possessing the Wind turbines of low voltage ride-through capability, set up low voltage crossing relay protection and control model；
In described step (4); dynamic data according to electrical network real time operation mode, initial disturbance and electric network element; carry out transient stability emulation; calculate the change that Wind turbines is meritorious, idle, voltage electric amount is after electrical network generation disturbance, the action protected according to blower fan model and safeguard protection modeling blower fan；
And the Wind turbines Dynamic Simulation Model set up according to step (3) and safeguard protection simulation model simulation Wind turbines protection act；When after primary fault occurs, wind farm grid-connected point voltage drops into the signal triggering Wind turbines low-voltage protection device action, it is out of service that Wind turbines starts low-voltage variation；The SVC reactive power compensator lacking coordinated operation mechanism exits the most in time, makes System Reactive Power superfluous, and when wind farm grid-connected point voltage is increased to the signal triggering the pressure protection device action of actual wind turbine generator system high-low, it is out of service that Wind turbines starts high voltage protective；The fluctuation of Wind turbines grid-connected dot frequency causes Wind turbines high-frequency/low-frequency protection act, finally simulates the generation of large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure；
In described step (5), after analysis generation primary fault, the transient stability of power system, determines the seriousness being caused Wind turbines off-grid cascading failure in succession by primary fault；
In described step (6), analyze Wind turbines off-grid and cause the static security stability of electrical network after power flow transfer, calculate the situation that the electric network swim caused due to power flow transfer is out-of-limit, determine the out-of-limit equipment of electric network element and out-of-limit degree thereof；The out-of-limit inspection including that line current is out-of-limit, transmission cross-section is out-of-limit, transformer capacity is out-of-limit and busbar voltage is out-of-limit of electric network swim；
In described step (7), superposition wind power disturbance on the basis of the current trend of electrical network, obtain the electric network swim after wind power disturbance, in conjunction with dynamic secure estimation and early warning technology, the static security analysis after using Distributed Parallel Computing method that the electrical network after wind power disturbance carries out transient stability analysis and failure removal；
Described transient stability analysis includes: selecting wind farm network fault as forecast failure, wind power disturbance includes that when fault causes Voltage Drop, can blower fan keep parallel running, and wind speed disturbance；Time-domain-simulation method is used to carry out transient stability analysis calculating, it determines the Transient angle stability of system, Enhancement of Transient Voltage Stability and transient frequency stability；Determine that current electric grid transient stability under forecast failure and wind power disturbance differentiates result, when the stabilization of power grids with the maximum work angle moment in time-domain-simulation and maximum work angular difference index expression transient stability margin；When electrical network unstability with the transient stability order of severity of unstability moment index expression electrical network；Transient stability differentiation includes Transient angle stability, Enhancement of Transient Voltage Stability and transient frequency stability；
Static security analysis includes: after electric network fault excises, and owing to Wind turbines off-grid runs, causes electric network swim to shift, and system operation mode changes；Carry out Contingency Analysis of Power Systems, it is judged that in system, whether remaining element occurs the out-of-limit situation of equipment, and provides overload and out-of-limit facility information；
In described step (8), according to transient stability analysis and static security analysis result, the order of severity of assessment large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure, cut machine severity index according to the Wind turbines being applicable to large-scale wind electricity base cascading failure risk, transient stability severity index, static out-of-limit severity index, Wind turbines cut machine risk indicator, transient stability risk indicator and the serial index of static out-of-limit risk indicator, analyze large-scale wind electricity base both ways and the risk of cascading failure occurs；
Described two aspects refer to:
(1) seriousness of wind power base generation cascading failure after breaking down: concentrating initial disturbance to carry out simulation analysis based on forecast failure, in the case of comprehensive initial disturbance, Wind turbines off-grid wasted power, transient stability index and the out-of-limit result of static security analysis trend obtain the seriousness of risk assessment；
(2) cause after breaking down according to the probability factor of abort situation and type, blower fan protection act that cascading failure occurs is probability: combine the probability of happening of forecast failure, fan safe protection act probability; calculate the risk probability index of electrical network generation cascading failure, eventually through the degree of risk showing generation cascading failure of risk alarm classification light.
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