CN103399595B - Fuzzy controller for phosphoric acid slurry cooling - Google Patents
Fuzzy controller for phosphoric acid slurry cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103399595B CN103399595B CN201310371556.7A CN201310371556A CN103399595B CN 103399595 B CN103399595 B CN 103399595B CN 201310371556 A CN201310371556 A CN 201310371556A CN 103399595 B CN103399595 B CN 103399595B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuzzy controller for phosphoric acid slurry cooling. The fuzzy controller comprises a temperature sensor, a vacuum degree sensor, a fuzzy information processing unit, an output signal processing unit and a vacuum degree regulating unit, wherein the temperature sensor is used for detecting real-time temperature of the slurry in a phosphoric acid extracting tank; the vacuum degree sensor is used for detecting the real-time vacuum degree of a flash-evaporation condenser; the fuzzy information processing unit is used for carrying out fuzzing treatment and fuzzing inference after receiving the temperature signal and the vacuum degree signal of the temperature sensor and the vacuum degree sensor; the output signal processing unit is used for receiving the output result of the fuzzy information processing unit and converting the output result into a current signal; and the vacuum degree regulating unit is used for regulating the air leakage amount of an electric regulating valve according to the current signal of the output signal processing unit. The fuzzy controller for phosphoric acid slurry cooling has the advantages of being high in automation degree, convenient to use, capable of improving the stability of production process indexes, finally improving the finished product quality and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is mainly concerned with the opertaing device field of phosphoric acid production, refers in particular to a kind of fuzzy controller being applicable to the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry.
Background technology
Phosphoric acid, as the important industrial chemicals of one, has very important status in China's chemical industry.The method that industrial phosphoric acid uses sulfuric acid to extract rock phosphate in powder usually obtains, and generates secondary product calcium sulphate (being commonly called as ardealite).Calcium sulphate dihydrate possesses the advantage that crystalline particle is thick, be convenient to isolated by filtration, so phosphoric acid production enterprise generally adopts two water thing techniques.The process of phosphoric acid extraction is an exothermic process, if do not carry out temperature adjustment to phosphoric acid data in production run, the temperature of extraction tank can reach 130 DEG C, thus causes the defective and workshop of technic index to be stopped.Production practices show, the feasible temperature range of the phosphoric acid extraction groove of two water thing techniques is [75 DEG C, 80 DEG C], and optimum temperature is 78 DEG C.Two aspects below the heat main source produced during phosphoric acid extraction: one, the heat of sulfuric acid phosphoric acid extraction chemical reaction generation; Two, the heat of sulfuric acid dilution generation.Temperature in order to phosphoric acid extraction groove remains on 78 DEG C, just needs constantly to cool phosphoric acid slurry.Cooling means conventional at present has two kinds: one, use fan blower directly to carry out air-cooled to slurry; Two, use flash condenser to carry out condensation, namely phosphoric acid material pulp is placed in certain vacuum tank, makes moisture rapid evaporation wherein, by the velocity of evaporation regulating vacuum tightness just can regulate moisture, thus reach the object regulating temperature.First method is simple, but has that energy consumption is high, exhausted air quantity is large, environmental pollution is serious, by the shortcoming that outside air temperature affects.Second method overcomes the defect that first kind method exists, and therefore, domestic and international most of phosphoric acid production enterprise adopts in this way.But this method also comes with some shortcomings.Although the stable of phosphoric acid slurry temperature depends primarily on the stable of vacuum tightness, it can be subject to the impact of some other factorses.Such as, when keeping the vacuum constant, the moisture evaporation effect in slurry is by operating mode (as the change of the grade of rock phosphate in powder and the change of impurity content) impact.The product position influence phosphoric acid concentration of rock phosphate in powder, phosphoric acid concentration affects slurry viscosity, and slurry viscosity affects moisture velocity of evaporation.The change of the impurity of rock phosphate in powder can affect chemical reaction heat increase and decrease, also can affect simultaneously slurry foam number, the increase and decrease of chemical reaction heat and slurry foam number also can affect the velocity of evaporation of moisture.The speed of moisture evaporation finally affects the temperature of extraction tank.In this case, just need to regulate vacuum tightness, to change the velocity of evaporation of moisture, thus reach the temperature stabilization keeping extraction tank.In addition, the faults such as the gas leakage of the change of atmospheric pressure, the fluctuation of line voltage, vacuum pipe all can cause the change of vacuum tightness, thus affect the velocity of evaporation of moisture, finally also can cause the fluctuation of the temperature of extraction tank.In this case, the object regulating vacuum tightness is in order to stable vacuum tightness, to offset the fluctuation vacuum that external factor causes.Be summed up, regulate the reason of vacuum tightness from following two aspects: one, the change of extraction tank temperature; Its two, the change of flash condenser vacuum tightness itself.
At present, phosphoric acid production enterprise generally adopts manual type to regulate the vacuum tightness of flash condenser to realize the stable of extraction tank temperature.But this manual shift mode requires that operator has abundant adjustment experience, require operator (to be generally 2-6 hour) in whole adjustment process must to pay close attention to the change of regulating index simultaneously, slightly neglect easily to cause regulating unsuccessfully.In production scene, this regulative mode has larger operation easier, easily causes the fluctuation of technic index, brings adverse effect to production quality control.Therefore, the controller developing a kind of automatic adjustment flash condenser vacuum tightness is necessary very much, to keep extraction tank temperature stabilization.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just: the technical matters existed for prior art, the invention provides that a kind of automaticity is high, easy to use, the stability that can improve production technology index, the final fuzzy controller for the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry improving end product quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of fuzzy controller for the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry, comprise temperature sensor, vacuum sensor, fuzzy message processing unit, output signal processing unit and vacuum tightness regulon, described temperature sensor is used for detecting the real time temperature of slurry in phosphoric acid extraction groove, described vacuum sensor is used for detecting the real-time vacuum tightness in flash condenser, described fuzzy message processing unit receives temperature sensor, carry out Fuzzy processing after the temperature signal of vacuum sensor and vacuum tightness signal and carry out fuzzy reasoning, described output signal processing unit is used for receiving the Output rusults of fuzzy message processing unit and is converted to current signal, described vacuum tightness regulon regulates the air leakage amount of motor regulated valve according to the current signal of output signal processing unit.
As a further improvement on the present invention:
Described temperature sensor is connected with processes temperature signal unit and the detection signal of temperature sensor is converted to the input signal of fuzzy message processing unit.
Described vacuum sensor is connected with vacuum tightness signal processing unit and the detection signal of vacuum sensor is converted to the input signal of fuzzy message processing unit.
The present invention also comprises acousto-optic warning unit, described acousto-optic warning unit is connected with fuzzy message processing unit and receives the steering order of fuzzy message processing unit, and under the control of fuzzy message processing unit, produces sound and light alarm signal when temperature signal or vacuum tightness signal exceed the permissible value of production technology setting.
Described fuzzy message processing unit comprises temperature signal fuzzier unit, vacuum tightness signal mode gelatinization unit and fuzzy reasoning unit, described fuzzy temperature unit adopts Triangleshape grade of membership function to carry out Fuzzy processing, described vacuum tightness fuzzier unit adopts Triangleshape grade of membership function to carry out Fuzzy processing, and the reasoning results of described fuzzy reasoning unit is fuzzy monodrome membership function and carries out fuzzy reasoning according to the average ambiguity solution method in center and fuzzy rule.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the fuzzy controller of the present invention by utilizing temperature signal and vacuum tightness signal to achieve a kind of automatic adjustment phosphoric acid extraction groove temperature, it is simple that this controller has structure, and automaticity is high, stable performance, the advantages such as antijamming capability is strong.By the automatic adjustment of this controller, regulating time can be reduced, Optimization Technology index, thus strengthen the stability of product quality, reduce energy consumption of electrical machinery and reduce exhaust pollutant discharge capacity, the continuity that namely can improve the stability of production technology index, the stability of end product quality and produce, has positive effect to the efficiency and the pollution of reduction slurry tail gas to environment improving electric energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is framed structure principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the functional structure principle schematic of the present invention's fuzzy message processing unit in a particular embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of adopted the in a particular embodiment temperature variation membership function of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of adopted the in a particular embodiment vacuum tightness variable quantity membership function of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is adopted the in a particular embodiment motor regulated valve aperture variable quantity degree of membership schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of adopted the in a particular embodiment fuzzy control rule table of the present invention.
Marginal data:
1, temperature sensor; 2, vacuum sensor; 3, processes temperature signal unit; 4, vacuum tightness signal processing unit; 5, fuzzy message processing unit; 6, acousto-optic warning unit; 7, processing unit is outputed signal; 8, vacuum tightness regulon.
Embodiment
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, the fuzzy controller that the present invention is used for the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry is mainly used to carry out temperature adjustment to phosphoric acid slurry cooling procedure, and it comprises temperature sensor 1, vacuum sensor 2, processes temperature signal unit 3, vacuum tightness signal processing unit 4, fuzzy message processing unit 5, acousto-optic warning unit 6, output signal processing unit 7 and vacuum tightness regulon 8; Wherein, temperature sensor 1 is used for detecting the real time temperature of slurry in phosphoric acid extraction groove, and vacuum sensor 2 is used for detecting the real-time vacuum tightness in flash condenser; Processes temperature signal unit 3 is connected with temperature sensor 1 and the detection signal of temperature sensor 1 is converted to the input signal of fuzzy message processing unit 5, and vacuum tightness signal processing unit 4 is connected with vacuum sensor 2 and the detection signal of vacuum sensor 2 is converted to the input signal of fuzzy message processing unit 5.Fuzzy message processing unit 5 carries out Fuzzy processing after receiving temperature signal and vacuum tightness signal and carries out fuzzy reasoning.Output signal processing unit 7 is connected with fuzzy message processing unit 5, be used for reception fuzzy message processing unit 5 Output rusults and be converted to 4 ~ 20mA current signal.Vacuum tightness regulon 8 regulates the air leakage amount of motor regulated valve according to the current signal of output signal processing unit 7, to regulate the vacuum tightness of flash evaporator, finally reaches the object of the temperature regulating phosphoric acid extraction groove.
In the present embodiment, also comprise acousto-optic warning unit 6 further, acousto-optic warning unit 6 is connected with fuzzy message processing unit 5 and accepts its steering order, and under the control of fuzzy message processing unit 5, produce sound and light alarm signal when temperature signal or vacuum tightness signal exceed the permissible value of production technology setting, note to remind operating personnel.
In the present embodiment, see Fig. 2, fuzzy message processing unit 5 is divided into temperature signal fuzzier unit, vacuum tightness signal mode gelatinization unit and fuzzy reasoning unit further.Wherein, fuzzy temperature unit adopts Triangleshape grade of membership function as shown in Figure 3 to carry out Fuzzy processing, vacuum tightness fuzzier unit adopts Triangleshape grade of membership function as shown in Figure 4 to carry out Fuzzy processing, and the fuzzy monodrome membership function that fuzzy reasoning unit uses center average ambiguity solution method, Fig. 5 represents and the fuzzy rule that Fig. 6 represents carry out fuzzy reasoning.Above-mentioned Triangleshape grade of membership function is a kind of linear continuous function.Because its fuzzy set shows as triangular shaped in shape, it is referred to as Triangleshape grade of membership function, see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Above-mentioned fuzzy monodrome membership function is by limited discrete point and the fuzzy set that membership values is 1 forms discrete function, see Fig. 5.Above-mentioned center average ambiguity solution method can be expressed as following formula:
In above-mentioned formula, μ
ajrepresent and be subordinate to angle value, μ in the rule being numbered j corresponding to temperature variation
bjrepresent and be subordinate to angle value, y in the rule being numbered j corresponding to vacuum tightness variable quantity
cjrepresent the fuzzy monodrome in the rule being numbered j corresponding to electrically operated valve aperture variable quantity, A represents temperature signal, and B shows vacuum tightness signal, and j represents the numbering of fuzzy rule, and m represents the total number of fuzzy rule, and Y represents the output signal amplitude of fuzzy reasoning unit.
Above-mentioned Fig. 3 represents the Triangleshape grade of membership function of phosphoric acid extraction groove temperature variation, wherein symbol Δ t represents the temperature variation of phosphoric acid extraction groove, i.e. Δ t=observed temperature-optimum temperature, fuzzy set that NB represents " negative large ", fuzzy set that NS represents " negative little ", fuzzy set that ZE represents " zero ", fuzzy set that PS represents " just little ", fuzzy set that PB represents " honest ".
Above-mentioned Fig. 4 represents the Triangleshape grade of membership function of flash evaporator vacuum tightness variable quantity, wherein symbol Δ P represents the vacuum tightness variable quantity of flash evaporator, namely Δ P=(surveys vacuum pressure-ideal vacuum pressure)/standard atmospheric pressure × 100%, NB, NS, the symbol that the implication of ZE, PS, PB is corresponding with Fig. 3 is identical.
Above-mentioned Fig. 5 represents the fuzzy monodrome membership function of the aperture variable quantity of electric control valve, electric control valve is vacuum tightness regulon 8, wherein symbol Δ K represents the aperture variable quantity of electric control valve, i.e. Δ K=(actual aperture-acquiescence aperture)/maximum opening × 100%.In Figure 5, the discrete point of fuzzy monodrome membership function is taken as-10% ,-5% ,-2%, 0,2%, 5%, 10% respectively.
Symbol Δ t in above-mentioned Fig. 6, Δ P, Δ K, the symbol that the implication of NB, NS, ZE, PS, PB is corresponding with Fig. 3 with Fig. 4 is identical.
Have particular application as example with one, be described.Concrete data: ideal temperature t=78 DEG C, ideal vacuum pressure P=0.60 standard atmospheric pressure, the acquiescence aperture K=0.35 of electric control valve, observed temperature t
c=79.5 DEG C, actual measurement vacuum pressure P
c=0.57 standard atmospheric pressure, to illustrate the course of work of the present invention.
Δ t=1.5 DEG C can be obtained, Δ P=-3% by above-mentioned data.According to Fig. 3, the angle value that is subordinate to that Δ t=1.5 DEG C belongs to PS fuzzy set is 0.5, and the angle value that is subordinate to that Δ t=1.5 DEG C belongs to PB fuzzy set is also that 0.5, the Δ t=1.5 DEG C degree of membership belonging to NB fuzzy set, NS fuzzy set and ZE fuzzy set is 0.According to Fig. 4, Δ P=-3% belongs to fuzzy set NS, and to be subordinate to angle value be 0.75, and Δ P=-3% belongs to fuzzy set ZE, and to be subordinate to angle value be 0.25, and the degree of membership that Δ P=-3% belongs to NB fuzzy set, PS fuzzy set and PB fuzzy set is 0.Search Fig. 6 can obtain, No. 17 rule, No. 18 rule, No. 22 rule and No. 23 rule are triggered.The rule be triggered must be the angle value that is subordinate to being subordinate to angle value and the fuzzy set corresponding to Δ P of fuzzy set corresponding to Δ t is nonzero value simultaneously.The rule be not triggered is because μ
ajand μ
bjone is had at least to be zero, according to mathematical knowledge " zero is multiplied by any number is zero ", so calculate not impact to the Y of formula (1), so the rule that is not triggered can be omitted when using formula (1) to calculate.Therefore, according to formula (1), the aperture decrease of electric control valve
The input of the electric control valve that the present embodiment adopts regulates electric current and vacuum tightness to be linear relationship.When regulating electric current to be 20mA, air-outlet valve aperture is minimum, and vacuum tightness is maximum; When regulating electric current to be 4mA, air-outlet valve aperture is maximum, and vacuum tightness is minimum.Adjustment electric current recruitment=5.375% × (20-4) mA=0.86mA of motorized adjustment can be obtained by Δ K ≈ 5.38%.The adjustment electric current of electric control valve is after increase 0.86mA, and air-outlet valve starts to tighten up, and vacuum tightness is increased, and moisture velocity of evaporation is accelerated, thus reaches the object reducing phosphoric acid extraction groove temperature.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention be not only confined to above-described embodiment, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the fuzzy controller for the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry, it is characterized in that, comprise temperature sensor (1), vacuum sensor (2), fuzzy message processing unit (5), output signal processing unit (7) and vacuum tightness regulon (8), described temperature sensor (1) is used for detecting the real time temperature of slurry in phosphoric acid extraction groove, described vacuum sensor (2) is used for detecting the real-time vacuum tightness in flash condenser, described fuzzy message processing unit (5) receives temperature sensor (1), carry out Fuzzy processing after the temperature signal of vacuum sensor (2) and vacuum tightness signal and carry out fuzzy reasoning, described output signal processing unit (7) be used for receive fuzzy message processing unit (5) Output rusults and be converted to current signal, described vacuum tightness regulon (8) regulates the air leakage amount of motor regulated valve according to the current signal of output signal processing unit (7).
2. the fuzzy controller for the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, processes temperature signal unit (3) is connected with temperature sensor (1) and the detection signal of temperature sensor (1) is converted to the input signal of fuzzy message processing unit (5).
3. the fuzzy controller for the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, vacuum tightness signal processing unit (4) is connected with vacuum sensor (2) and the detection signal of vacuum sensor (2) is converted to the input signal of fuzzy message processing unit (5).
4. the fuzzy controller for the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise acousto-optic warning unit (6), described acousto-optic warning unit (6) is connected with fuzzy message processing unit (5) and receives the steering order of fuzzy message processing unit (5), and under the control of fuzzy message processing unit (5), produces sound and light alarm signal when temperature signal or vacuum tightness signal exceed the permissible value of production technology setting.
5. the fuzzy controller for the cooling of phosphoric acid slurry according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described fuzzy message processing unit (5) comprises temperature signal fuzzier unit, vacuum tightness signal mode gelatinization unit and fuzzy reasoning unit, described fuzzy temperature unit adopts Triangleshape grade of membership function to carry out Fuzzy processing, described vacuum tightness fuzzier unit adopts Triangleshape grade of membership function to carry out Fuzzy processing, the reasoning results of described fuzzy reasoning unit is fuzzy monodrome membership function, and carry out fuzzy reasoning according to the average ambiguity solution method in center and fuzzy rule.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1390858A (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2003-01-15 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Full-automatic control method using fuzzy control for temp of polymerizing reactor |
| CN101598950A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2009-12-09 | 东华大学 | Vacuum sugar boiling pot temperature intelligence controlling device and method |
| CN101990960A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-03-30 | 中南大学 | Tea green-removing machine and fuzzy control method thereof |
| CN102692124A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-26 | 北京首钢自动化信息技术有限公司 | Automatic control method for improving uniformity of temperature of sleeve kiln |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH06109701A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-22 | Yokogawa Electric Corp | Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1390858A (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2003-01-15 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Full-automatic control method using fuzzy control for temp of polymerizing reactor |
| CN101598950A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2009-12-09 | 东华大学 | Vacuum sugar boiling pot temperature intelligence controlling device and method |
| CN101990960A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-03-30 | 中南大学 | Tea green-removing machine and fuzzy control method thereof |
| CN102692124A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-09-26 | 北京首钢自动化信息技术有限公司 | Automatic control method for improving uniformity of temperature of sleeve kiln |
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