CN103395476B - The installation method of a kind of subduction floating drum in ultra-deep-water - Google Patents
The installation method of a kind of subduction floating drum in ultra-deep-water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103395476B CN103395476B CN201310354628.7A CN201310354628A CN103395476B CN 103395476 B CN103395476 B CN 103395476B CN 201310354628 A CN201310354628 A CN 201310354628A CN 103395476 B CN103395476 B CN 103395476B
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- floating drum
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- ballasting
- water
- hawser
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000725 suspensions Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation methods Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002965 ropes Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injections Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagrams Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oils Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003534 oscillatory Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field engineering of ultra-deep-water oil exploration equipment, particularly the installation method of a kind of subduction floating drum in ultra-deep-water.
Background technology
Floating drum has a wide range of applications in Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering field, for the floating drum of detachable inner cupola (there is buoyancy, be installed on the mooring gear of hull interior) mooring, floating drum need at FPSO(water surface floating type process units) in place before be installed on certain depth under water, the safety that effect directly affects FPSO mooring is installed.The Deepwater Risers of FPSO is installed and is utilized floating drum as brace foundation in the water of standpipe, reduces the oscillatory response of point of connection.Floating drum needs to be arranged on certain depth under water, and the underwater stability of floating drum directly can have influence on the stability of standpipe.
At present, the exploitation water depth of Chinese vessel and platform is more shallow, operation ship type is more single, but along with the exploitation of South China Sea, boats and ships and platform operation are expanded to deep water and ultra-deep-water (being greater than 1500m), and the floating drum field engineering in corresponding deep water and ultra-deep-water marine site is also urgently developed.
The subject matter that in ultra-deep-water situation, subduction floating drum is installed is the method controlling floating drum stable sinking in water, locate and be connected with mooring system.
Existing method general step is: first deep-seaanchor is arranged on seabed, and by the auxiliary anchor chain anchoring of floating drum, floating drum connects anchor leg, anchor leg lower end connects counterweight, then in floating drum, inject ballast water make it, transfer anchor leg simultaneously, until counterweight arrives seabed, anchor leg lower end is connected with deep-seaanchor, finally reclaims auxiliary anchor chain.
The subject matter that existing method exists is:
1, need to use auxiliary anchor chain to control the motion of floating drum in water, assist the installation of anchor chain under ultra-deep-water condition, assist anchor chain to need to consume a large amount of man-hours with the connection of floating drum and the recovery of auxiliary anchor chain, substantially increase the cost that floating drum is installed.
2, the attended operation of anchor leg and anchor is carried out in seabed, to under-water robot (RemoteOperatedVehicles, be called for short ROV) resistance to pressure of ultra-deep-water operation, safety requirement higher, floating drum in installing under water many action need under-water robots complete, its ultra-deep-water operation whether smooth progress and the cost directly having influence on operation.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the present invention will design a kind ofly not only can reduce cost of installation, but also can avoid the installation method of subduction floating drum in ultra-deep-water of the use of auxiliary anchor chain and the ultra-deep-water operation of under-water robot.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the installation method of a kind of subduction floating drum in ultra-deep-water, multiple ballast tank is had in described floating drum, injecting ballast water can make floating drum sink, injecting gas, discharge ballast water can make floating drum float, and concrete installation method comprises the following steps:
A, preparation work
Floating drum, when shipyard is built, floating drum is installed towing system, chain cable compressor and anchor chain pulley in advance, installs two floating drum pre-installation chain segment at each anchor leg point of connection of floating drum, for connection that is following and ballasting system.Part ballast carried out to floating drum, checks, rinse ballast line and gas injection pipeline.With towboat, floating drum is towed to target marine site; Whole repair ship is in place;
B, anchoring system are installed
B1, carry out casting anchor operation by two repair ship cooperations, deep-seaanchor is transferred to marine by a repair ship, deep-seaanchor opposite side connects mixing anchor leg, described mixing anchor leg is made up of bottom chain section, anchor hawser and atop part chain segment, anchor leg is transferred by another repair ship while transferring deep-seaanchor, atop part chain segment end is connected by transom with auxiliary buoy, interim rope, it is latch closure below auxiliary buoy, coordinate for being connected with suspension hook, chain segment is connected to repair ship by operation hawser;
B2, carry out routine work and deep-seaanchor is arranged on seabed, anchor hawser tensioning under auxiliary buoy buoyancy, repair ship tensioning operation hawser makes anchor hawser in water, have certain inclination angle;
B3, actual requirement according to buoy anchoring, install all anchoring systems by the method for step B1, B2;
In place and the sinking of C, floating drum
Floating drum is towed to attachment point by C1, use towboat;
The connection of ballasting system assisted by C2, use repair ship, described ballasting system comprises kentledge, the chain segment be connected with kentledge, restricts and operation hawser temporarily, another part top chain Duan Xianyu floating drum pre-installation chain segment is connected, on repair ship, connect interim rope, chain segment, kentledge and operation hawser again, operation hawser extends to repair ship; Interim rope is connected by transom with the atop part chain segment of floating drum; Dangle below transom suspension hook, for being connected with latch closure below auxiliary buoy;
Return the beginning of step C2, the connection of all ballasting systems that used the same method also discharges;
C3, to water filling in ballast tank, under the effect of kentledge and atop part chain segment, the stable sinking of floating drum, by regulating the length of operation hawser, and the distance of repair ship and floating drum, can the ballast power of regulating action on floating drum, in repair ship moving process, keep the position of auxiliary buoy and the inclination angle of anchor hawser under water; For all working ship, the adjustment of operation cable length, the control of repair ship and floating drum distance is carried out simultaneously;
The connection of D, anchoring system and floating drum
D1, floating drum sink down into certain altitude above auxiliary buoy, carry out connecting of suspension hook and latch closure, connect complete with ROV, disconnect the interim rope be connected with anchor leg; The connection of all anchoring systems and floating drum is carried out by step D1;
D2, the water of discharging in ballast tank, carry out folding and unfolding and adjustment to all ballasting systems simultaneously, under ballasting system controls, makes the stable floating of floating drum until the tensioning of all anchor legs, disconnect the interim rope of all ballasting systems with ROV; So far, the preliminary installation of floating drum is completed;
The adjustment of E, anchor leg length
After measurement installation, the inclination angle of floating drum, if do not meet engineering discipline, needs to regulate anchor leg length;
E1, be connected with another root chain segment of floating drum pre-installation by ballasting system, all ballasting systems carry out same connection;
E2, regulate the length of distance between repair ship and floating drum and operation hawser, re-start ballast to floating drum, all working ship carries out synchronous operation;
E3, operation hawser are connected with floating drum pre-installation chain segment upper end, use ROV, open chain cable compressor, extract the anchor chain of design length out, close chain cable compressor, clamping anchor chain;
If E4 needs, regulate the length of other anchor legs according to step e 1-E3;
E5, cut off the interim rope of all ballasting systems.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention proposes a set of feasible mount scheme of subduction floating drum in ultra-deep-water, domestic not yet have complete, complete technology in the installation of floating drum ultra-deep-water, the present invention is applicable to the installation needing the underwater floating drum of tensioning mooring, for ultra-deep-water oil and gas development, the production operation carried out based on floating drum from now on provides field engineering thinking.
2, the present invention does not use auxiliary anchor chain to control floating drum motion, but uses ballasting system to control the stable sinking of floating drum.Thus avoid auxiliary anchor chain use cause cost, the increase in man-hour.
3, the present invention coordinates by suspension hook and latch closure the connection achieving anchoring system and floating drum, reduces task difficulty, and the depth of water operated suspension hook and latch closure is near floating drum submergence depth, compared to the technology of carrying out in seabed connecting, is easier to operation.In whole installation process, the operating area of under-water robot floating drum submergence depth and more than, avoid resistance to pressure, safety issue that in prior art, under-water robot brings at seabed operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention has 8, accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram after anchoring system installation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that ballasting system of the present invention connects.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of floating drum ballast of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that suspension hook of the present invention is connected with latch closure.
Fig. 5 is recovery auxiliary buoy of the present invention, cuts off the schematic diagram being connected with anchor leg and restricting temporarily.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram after discharge floating drum ballast water of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that cut-out ballasting system of the present invention is restricted temporarily.
Fig. 8 of the present inventionly reconnects ballasting system, regulates the schematic diagram of anchor leg length.
In figure: 1, repair ship A, 2, deep-seaanchor, 3, anchor leg, 4, auxiliary buoy, 5, bottom chain section, 6, anchor hawser, 7, atop part chain segment A, 8, interim rope A, 9, transom A, 10, latch closure, 11, chain segment A, 12, operation hawser A, 13, suspension hook, 14, towboat, 15, floating drum, 16, kentledge, 17, chain segment B, 18, interim rope B, 19, operation hawser B, 20, transom B, 21, atop part chain segment B, 22, floating drum pre-installation chain segment A, 23, operation ship, 24, ROV, 25, floating drum pre-installation chain segment B, 26, chain cable compressor, 27, anchor chain pulley, 28, repair ship B, 29, repair ship C, 30, operation hawser C.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.The present invention diagram with have three anchor leg point of connection floating drum be installed as example.
As shown in Figure 1, by the cooperation of repair ship A1 and repair ship B28, complete the synchronous installation of deep-seaanchor 2 and anchor leg 3.Anchor leg 3(comprises bottom chain section 5, anchor hawser 6, atop part chain segment A7) under the effect of auxiliary buoy 4 and chain segment A11, tensioning is kept in water, and the certain angle that tilts, latch closure 10 is made to keep certain position in water, the connection of convenience and suspension hook 13, and prevent from producing between different anchor leg interfering.
As shown in Figure 2, under the booster action of another repair ship C29, carry out the connection of three groups of ballasting systems, the each point of connection of floating drum 15 installs two chain segment in advance, for a point of connection, floating drum pre-installation chain segment A22 is used for floating drum 15 and is connected with ballasting system when installing (comprise kentledge 16, the chain segment B17 be connected with kentledge, to restrict B18, operation hawser B19 temporarily), and floating drum pre-installation chain segment B25 is connected with ballasting system for regulating during anchor leg 3 length.
As shown in Figure 3, after ballasting system (comprise kentledge 16, the chain segment B17 be connected with kentledge, to restrict B18, operation hawser B19 temporarily) has been connected, kentledge 16 and atop part chain segment B21 is adopted to carry out ballast to floating drum 15, in floating drum 15, inject ballast water, make the stable sinking of floating drum 15.In ballast process, folding and unfolding and the adjustment of all ballasting systems are carried out simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 4, floating drum 15 sinks, navigate to above auxiliary buoy 4, and operation ship 23 is in place, carries out connecting of suspension hook 13 and latch closure 10 with ROV24.Other group suspension hooks are identical with the method for attachment of latch closure.
As illustrated in figs. 5-7, reclaim auxiliary buoy 4, cut off the interim rope A8 be connected with anchor leg 3, and discharge ballast water in floating drum 15, floating drum 15 rises until meet the requirement of three anchor leg tensile forces, cut off ballasting system with ROV24 to restrict the interim rope of B18 and other ballasting systems temporarily, complete the preliminary installation of floating drum.
As shown in Figure 8, ballasting system is connected with floating drum pre-installation chain segment B25 on floating drum 15, again ballast is carried out to floating drum 15, operation hawser C30 is connected with floating drum pre-installation chain segment A22 upper end, by regulating the length of floating drum pre-installation chain segment A22, realize the adjustment at anchor leg 3 length and floating drum 15 inclination angle.For graphic floating drum 15, the adjustment of two anchor leg lengths may be related at most.Cut off the interim rope of whole ballasting system, complete the installation that floating drum 15 is final.
The installation method of subduction floating drum in ultra-deep-water, comprises the following steps:
A, preparation work
Floating drum 15 is when shipyard is built, floating drum 15 is installed towing system, chain cable compressor 26 and anchor chain pulley 27 in advance, at each anchor leg point of connection of floating drum 15, floating drum pre-installation chain segment A22 and floating drum pre-installation chain segment B25 is installed, for connection that is following and ballasting system.Part ballast carried out to floating drum 15, checks, rinse ballast line and gas injection pipeline.With towboat 14, floating drum 15 is towed to target marine site.Whole repair ship is in place;
B, anchoring system are installed
B1, cooperated to carry out casting anchor operation by repair ship A1 and repair ship B28, deep-seaanchor 2 is transferred to marine by repair ship A1, deep-seaanchor 2 opposite side connects mixing anchor leg 3, described mixing anchor leg 3 is made up of bottom chain section 5, anchor hawser 6 and atop part chain segment A7, anchor leg 3 is transferred by repair ship B28 while transferring deep-seaanchor 2, atop part chain segment A7 end is connected by transom A9 with auxiliary buoy 4, the interim A8 that restricts, it is latch closure 10 below auxiliary buoy 4, coordinate for being connected with suspension hook 13, chain segment A11 is connected to repair ship B28 by operation hawser A12;
B2, carry out routine work and deep-seaanchor 2 is arranged on seabed, anchor hawser 6 tensioning under auxiliary buoy 4 buoyancy, repair ship B28 tensioning operation hawser A12 makes anchor hawser 6 in water, have certain inclination angle;
B3, the actual requirement anchored according to floating drum 15, install all anchoring systems by the method for step B1, B2;
In place and the sinking of C, floating drum 15
Floating drum 15 is towed to attachment point by C1, use towboat 14;
C2, use repair ship C29 have assisted the connection of ballasting system, described ballasting system comprises kentledge 16, the chain segment B17 be connected with kentledge, the interim B18 and operation hawser B19 that restricts, atop part chain segment B21 is first connected with floating drum pre-installation chain segment A22, on repair ship C29, connect the B18 that temporarily restricts, chain segment B17, kentledge 16 and operation hawser B19 again, operation hawser B19 extends to repair ship B28; Interim rope B18 is connected by transom B20 with the atop part chain segment B21 of floating drum 15; Dangle below transom B20 suspension hook 13, for being connected with latch closure 10 below auxiliary buoy 4;
Return the beginning of step C2, the connection of all ballasting systems that used the same method also discharges;
C3, to water filling in ballast tank, under the effect of kentledge 16 and atop part chain segment B21, the stable sinking of floating drum 15, by regulating the length of operation hawser B19, and the distance of repair ship B28 and floating drum 15, can the ballast power of regulating action on floating drum 15, in repair ship B28 moving process, keep the position of auxiliary buoy 4 under water and the inclination angle of anchor hawser 6; For all working ship, the adjustment of operation cable length, the control of repair ship and floating drum distance is carried out simultaneously;
The connection of D, anchoring system and floating drum 15
D1, floating drum 15 sink down into certain altitude above auxiliary buoy 4, carry out connecting of suspension hook 13 and latch closure 10, connect complete, disconnect the interim rope A8 be connected with anchor leg 3 with ROV24.The connection of all anchoring systems and floating drum 15 is carried out by step D1;
D2, the water of discharging in ballast tank, folding and unfolding and adjustment are carried out to all ballasting systems simultaneously, under ballasting system controls, make the stable floating of floating drum 15 until the tensioning of all anchor legs, disconnect the interim rope B18 of ballasting system and the interim rope of other ballasting systems with ROV24; So far, the preliminary installation of floating drum 15 is completed;
The adjustment of E, anchor leg 3 length
After measurement installation, the inclination angle of floating drum 15, if do not meet engineering discipline, needs to regulate anchor leg 3 length.
E1, be connected with floating drum pre-installation chain segment B25 by ballasting system, all ballasting systems carry out same connection;
E2, regulate the length of distance between repair ship B28 and floating drum 15 and operation hawser B19, re-start ballast to floating drum 15, all working ship carries out synchronous operation;
E3, operation hawser C30 are connected with floating drum pre-installation chain segment A22 upper end, use ROV24, open chain cable compressor 26, extract the anchor chain of design length out, close chain cable compressor 26, clamping anchor chain;
If E4 needs, regulate the length of other anchor legs according to step e 1-E3;
E5, the cut-out interim rope B18 of ballasting system and the interim rope of other ballasting systems.
So far, a kind of subduction floating drum installing in ultra-deep-water.
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