CN103390277A - Image analysis method - Google Patents
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- CN103390277A CN103390277A CN201310310245XA CN201310310245A CN103390277A CN 103390277 A CN103390277 A CN 103390277A CN 201310310245X A CN201310310245X A CN 201310310245XA CN 201310310245 A CN201310310245 A CN 201310310245A CN 103390277 A CN103390277 A CN 103390277A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an image analysis method. The method comprises the steps as follows: for an acquired digital image, a biological chip is positioned by taking a pre-tagged highlight pixel as a positioning datum point with a threshold value method; according to preset attribute information of the biological chip, effective areas of all detection points are determined; further sub positioning datum points of all the effective areas are acquired according to the pre-tagged highlight pixel with the threshold value method; the light spot position of a to-be-detected object is positioned and identified according to the sub positioning datum points of the effective areas; and finally, the determined light spot position is detected, and a signal value for detecting the light spot position and a standard substance are compared, so that an analysis result is obtained. According to the image analysis method, signal values of all detection holes/points in a result image reflected by the biological chip can be accurately acquired.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of image analysis method, specifically be specifically applied to the information analytical approach of biochip imaging.
Background technology
Biochip, claim again DNA chip or genetic chip, and they are crystallizations that DNA hybridization probe technology combines with the semi-conductor industry technology.This technology means a large amount of probe molecules is fixed in rear on holder and is with fluorescently-labeled DNA sample molecule to hybridize, by the hybridization signal intensity that detects each probe molecule and then quantity and the sequence information that obtains sample molecule.
Biochip technology originates from making nucleic acid molecular hybridization.So-called biochip refers generally to high density and is fixed on the microarray hybridization cake core (micro-arrays) of the biological information molecule (as genetic fragment, DNA fragmentation or polypeptide, protein, glycan molecule, tissue etc.) on mutual supporting dielectric, in array, the sequence of each molecule and position are known, and are pre-set sequence dot matrix.Micro-fluidic chip (microfluidic chips) and liquid phase biochip are than the biochip new technology that develops after micro-array chip, and biochip technology is the substance of Systems biotechnology.
Say more intuitively, biochip is put biological sample exactly on a material such as glass sheet, silicon chip or nylon membrane, then by a kind of instrument, collects signal, uses the Computer Analysis data result.
Although people may be easy to a biochip and electronic chip connects, and in fact, both truly have a common ground the most basic: the data message that has magnanimity on microsize.But they are diverse two kinds of things, and on electronic chip, Boulez is semi-conductor electricity subelement one by one, and on biochip Boulez be bioprobe molecule one by one.
Last century the nineties,, by robot automatic printing or light guiding chemical synthesising technology are made on silicon chip, glass, gel or nylon membrane biomolecule microarry, realize screening or detection accurate, quick to compound, protein, nucleic acid, cell or other biological components, large information capacity.
The intervention of biochip will inevitably be amplified out the analysis of biochip, analyzes biological expression, obtains the analysis result of analyzed object.Usually the acquisition (Image capture) of analyzing biochips result images is to be completed by charge coupled cell (charge coupled device, CCD), and then obtains digital picture.General Tiff image file is the initial carrier of biochip experimental data, and by each point on automatic location and identification chip, quantitatively the quality determination value of the background of each point, signal intensity, calculation level, be converted into raw data with image.
As previously mentioned, biochip finally need to obtain desired data by graphical analysis, usually on a biochip except adding sample, also can add some supplementarys, so that the location of check point, such as in check point particular orientation or position, fluorescence labeling being set, for detection of the location of point.And original pictorial information also can comprise other some key elements, thereby often need at first to locate biochip, therefore, also can be provided for the telltale mark of himself on biochip, as in its upper left corner or the upper right corner carry out mark,, according to these features of mark in advance, be used for its fixation and recognition.Described check point is generally according to the detection hole of predetermined regular array or by certain equipment and forms sample application array, detects hole and is built-in with associated biomolecule material to be detected.Therefore, be the prerequisite that guarantees analyzing biochips to the accurate location of detecting hole.But, because image is obtained, as shooting, can be subject to the impact of irradiation on every side, the shooting quality that makes is subject to impact in various degree, easily bleach in particular for the coding microball fluorescence of mark, and then, make above-mentioned location become relatively difficult.
In some implementations, utilize the fluorescent scanning instrument, measure the fluorescence intensity of each point on biochip, by fluorescence intensity production standard curve, the information such as content of the various materials to be detected of analytical calculation.Obviously, this realization does not take full advantage of specifically labelled positional information, and adopts other approach, and its overall calculation amount is larger, and for locating and there is no positive impact accurately.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of image analysis method, can draw accurately in biochip reflection result images each detect hole/signal value.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
a kind of image analysis method, to the digital picture that obtains, adopt threshold method, be that the positioning datum point is located biochip according to the highlighted pixel of mark in advance, then according to predefined biochip attribute information, determine the effective coverage of each check point, and then, adopt threshold method, obtain the sub-positioning datum point of each effective coverage according to the highlighted pixel of mark in advance, identify the facula position of test substance according to the sub-positioning datum point location of effective coverage, detect finally determined facula position, detecting the signal value of facula position and standard items compares and draws analysis result.
Can find out by such scheme, according to the present invention, depend on the general production method of current biochip, it possesses detection hole or the check point arrangement mode of rule, and the characteristics that generally with phosphor dot, identify,, by the optical information of optical point, utilize threshold method to determine facula position in conjunction with the preposition information that detects hole or check point, and then the mode that detects, can be relatively accurate draw in biochip each and detect the signal value of hole or check point.Holistic approach is also fairly simple, guarantees that the efficiency of processing is relatively high.
Above-mentioned image analysis method, positioning datum point and sub-positioning datum point are positioned at the upper left corner of corresponding institute identified areas.
Above-mentioned image analysis method, the method for finding positioning datum point is as follows:
A) to be not less than two pixels and to be not more than four pixels as the described digital picture of step-length traversal;
B) for each pixel that traverses, in the neighborhood centered by this pixel, each statistical parameter that the predetermined biochip attribute of basis is corresponding, statistical parameter comprises the average brightness value after the described digital picture of average brightness value, Edge Enhancement of described digital picture, and statistical variance;
C), if certain pixel meets the following conditions, confirm as a reference point:
C1) the edge threshold values in the signal averaging in the average hot spot of the Edge Enhancement image in the neighborhood centered by this pixel>whole zone * 0.6;
C2) gray-scale value the Edge Enhancement image take 0.8 to 1.4 times of average brightness value as the neighborhood of radius in quantity and other radiuses of pixel be in a ratio of at most;
D) the calculation procedure c) position weight of all reference points of gained;
E) find out the maximum reference point of position weight minimum or occurrence number as the positioning datum point.
Above-mentioned image analysis method, the computing formula of position weight is:
Math.Sqrt(((_topy?-?initY)?/?lgRect.RowSpan?+?lgRect.RowSpan)×?((_topx?-?initX)?/?lgRect.ColSpan?+?lgRect.ColSpan));
Wherein-topy is the Y coordinate of current scanning element point position
InitY is the Y coordinate of position, the monitoring holes upper left corner, current scanning element point place
LgRect.RowSpan is the height of monitoring holes in the chip attribute
_ topx is the X coordinate of current scanning element point position
InitX is for being the X coordinate of position, the monitoring holes upper left corner, current scanning element point place
LgRect.ColSpan is the width of monitoring holes in the chip attribute.
Above-mentioned image analysis method, biochip location are in the situation that positioning datum point is determined, according to the position relationship of default biochip and positioning datum point, according to the positioning datum point of determining, setover and draw.
Above-mentioned image analysis method, definite method of effective coverage is according to detecting the array way of hole or check point on biochip, specifically, according to the ranks number that detects control or check point, high, the col width information of row, draws graticule, form little grid, the corresponding effective coverage of each little grid.
Above-mentioned image analysis method, the method that obtains sub-positioning datum point is as follows:
1) filtration parameter that one group of signal intensity is successively decreased scans current effective coverage successively, uses having of first being filled into greater than setting threshold and point with circular edge as subbase on schedule;
2) obtain edge threshold corresponding to current effective coverage, corresponding gray scale filter value is decided to be 0.3 times of this edge threshold;
3) all pixels in the current effective coverage of scanning, find out the pixel that meets following condition:
3.1) position of this pixel is greater than the product of background value and signal intensity filtration parameter;
3.2) average signal value of these 3 * 3 rectangular areas, pixel center is greater than 0.8 times of background colour;
3.3) average signal value of these 3 * 3 rectangular areas, pixel center is greater than eight adjacent regional signal averages;
3.4) in edge enhanced images, the gray-scale value of this pixel is maximum;
4) pixel drawn according to step 3) and the value of radius, variance, the average of the pixel in the calculating current region;
5) finding signal averaging to be in peak value is corresponding radius;
6) calculation procedure 3) position weight of drawn each pixel;
7) find pixel corresponding to the maximum weighted value of position weight value minimum or occurrence number, be the sub-positioning datum point to little grid location.
Above-mentioned image analysis method,, if the positional information of the sub-positioning datum point that draws surpasses setting value in the condition lower deviation take the biochip attribute as benchmark, correct this sub-positioning datum point.
Above-mentioned image analysis method, on the basis that little grid location is completed, determine the position of each hot spot:
X1) according to the design parameter of biochip, reach the positional information of little grid, determine the band of position at each hot spot place in this little grid, be designated as the hot spot lattice;
X2) use hot spot lattice zone as 0.3 times of the background value of background as this regional edge threshold values;
X3) use the maximal value of the long and wide middle minimum value of hot spot lattice as radius;
X4) all facula information in the little grid of traversal;
X5) find out the pixel with following condition:
The position of this pixel is greater than 5 times of background value;
X6) for step x5) pixel that draws, go to calculate variance, the average of the pixel in this zone with the value of itself and radius;
Corresponding radius information while x7) finding the hot spot signal averaging to be in peak value;
X8) also with this reference point as facula position;
X9), according to sub-positioning datum dot information, determine the information of hot spot.
Embodiment
a kind of image analysis method, to the digital picture that obtains, adopt threshold method, be that the positioning datum point is located biochip according to the highlighted pixel of mark in advance, then according to predefined biochip attribute information, determine the effective coverage of each check point, and then, adopt threshold method, obtain the sub-positioning datum point of each effective coverage according to the highlighted pixel of mark in advance, identify the facula position of test substance according to the sub-positioning datum point location of effective coverage, detect finally determined facula position, detecting the signal value of facula position and standard items compares and draws analysis result.
Principle:
Positioning datum point and sub-positioning datum point are positioned at the upper left corner of corresponding institute identified areas, meet the general fashion of scanning, can find fast relevant reference point.Nature, according to different biochip attributes, can be as the positioning datum point, being arranged on biochip allocation really, simultaneously, the positioning datum point can also show as a pair of positioning datum point as diagonal angle, and definite a pair of positioning datum point can go out biochip allocation really by Direct function description, and can, according to the attribute of biochip, mark off accurately each and detect hole or the residing zone of check point.
In one embodiment, the method for searching positioning datum point is as follows:
A) to be not less than two pixels and to be not more than four pixels as the described digital picture of step-length traversal.
The range of choice of step-length and the relation of effect: larger if step-length is selected, there will be the possibility of missing certain high bright spot,, if select step-length less, can cause that the pixel quantity of filtration is excessive, reduce efficiency of algorithm, make the analysis image overlong time.Step-length is preferably 3 pixels, can be in the situation that to guarantee that better efficiency of algorithm is missed the probability of high 2 smaller.
B) for each pixel that traverses, in the neighborhood centered by this pixel, each statistical parameter that the predetermined biochip attribute of basis is corresponding, statistical parameter comprises the average brightness value after the described digital picture of average brightness value, Edge Enhancement of described digital picture, and statistical variance.
The adquisitiones of edge threshold values is: travel through from high to low pixel according to the brightness of pixel, when the quantity of pixel greater than the current pixel point problem 10% the time stop, mean value that obtaining front 10% pixel brightness is this regional edge threshold values.
The amplitude of Edge Enhancement and on the impact of effect:, by the use of edge threshold values, can directly filter out most background pixel, the pixel quantity that minimizing will be calculated, improved operation efficiency greatly.
C), if certain pixel meets the following conditions, confirm as a reference point:
C1) the edge threshold values in the signal averaging in the average hot spot of the Edge Enhancement image in the neighborhood centered by this pixel>whole zone * 0.6;
C2) gray-scale value the Edge Enhancement image take 0.8 to 1.4 times of average brightness value as the neighborhood of radius in quantity and other radiuses of pixel be in a ratio of at most;
D) the calculation procedure c) position weight of all reference points of gained;
E) find out the maximum reference point of position weight minimum or occurrence number as the positioning datum point.
In one embodiment, the computing formula of position weight is:
Math.Sqrt(((_topy?-?initY)?/?lgRect.RowSpan?+?lgRect.RowSpan)×?((_topx?-?initX)?/?lgRect.ColSpan?+?lgRect.ColSpan));
Wherein-topy is the Y coordinate of current scanning element point position
InitY is the Y coordinate of position, the monitoring holes upper left corner, current scanning element point place
LgRect.RowSpan is the height of monitoring holes in the chip attribute
_ topx is the X coordinate of current scanning element point position
InitX is for being the X coordinate of position, the monitoring holes upper left corner, current scanning element point place
LgRect.ColSpan is the width of monitoring holes in the chip attribute.
In one embodiment, the biochip location is in the situation that positioning datum point is determined, position relationship according to default biochip and positioning datum point is setovered and is drawn according to the positioning datum point of determining, as setover one and detect laterally or the longitudinally distance in hole, perhaps setover one and detect a horizontal and vertical distance in hole.
In one embodiment, definite method of effective coverage is according to detecting the array way of hole or check point on biochip, specifically, according to the ranks number that detects control or check point, high, the col width information of row, draws graticule, form little grid, the corresponding effective coverage of each little grid.
In certain embodiments, obtain the method for sub-positioning datum point as follows:
1) filtration parameter that one group of signal intensity is successively decreased scans current effective coverage successively, uses having of first being filled into greater than setting threshold and point with circular edge as subbase on schedule, and the preferred parameter that signal successively decreases is 3.0,2.5,2.0,1.5;
2) obtain edge threshold corresponding to current effective coverage, corresponding gray scale filter value is decided to be 0.3 times of this edge threshold; Here consider factor for 0.3 times,, if multiple is too high, have the possible reference point of omission,, if figure place is too low, can cause qualified reference point too much, impact analysis efficiency)
3) all pixels in the current effective coverage of scanning, find out the pixel that meets following condition:
3.1) position of this pixel is greater than the product of background value and signal intensity filtration parameter;
3.2) average signal value of these 3 * 3 rectangular areas, pixel center is greater than 0.8 times of background colour;
3.3) average signal value of these 3 * 3 rectangular areas, pixel center is greater than eight adjacent regional signal averages;
3.4) in edge enhanced images, the gray-scale value of this pixel is maximum;
Should be appreciated that the biochip of present use, a general imaging size that detects hole is exactly to be 3 * 3 sizes,, if excessive, can reduce the average gray value in zone, makes analytical effect inaccurate.
4) pixel drawn according to step 3) and the value of radius, variance, the average of the pixel in the calculating current region;
5) finding signal averaging to be in peak value is corresponding radius;
6) calculation procedure 3) position weight of drawn each pixel;
7) find pixel corresponding to the maximum weighted value of position weight value minimum or occurrence number, be the sub-positioning datum point to little grid location.
In certain embodiments,, if the positional information of the sub-positioning datum point that draws surpasses setting value in the condition lower deviation take the biochip attribute as benchmark, this sub-positioning datum point is corrected.
Image analysis method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, on the basis that little grid location is completed, determines the position of each hot spot:
X1) according to the design parameter of biochip, reach the positional information of little grid, determine the band of position at each hot spot place in this little grid, be designated as the hot spot lattice;
X2) use hot spot lattice zone as 0.3 times of the background value of background as this regional edge threshold values;
X3) use the maximal value of the long and wide middle minimum value of hot spot lattice as radius;
X4) all facula information in the little grid of traversal;
X5) find out the pixel with following condition:
The position of this pixel is greater than 5 times of background value;
X6) for step x5) pixel that draws, go to calculate variance, the average of the pixel in this zone with the value of itself and radius;
Corresponding radius information while x7) finding the hot spot signal averaging to be in peak value;
X8) also with this reference point as facula position;
X9), according to sub-positioning datum dot information, determine the information of hot spot.
In such scheme, in step B, determine in the area image data luminance threshold of background colour in all pixels, during lower than this threshold values, can assert that this pixel is background, when higher than this threshold values, thinks high bright spot when the brightness of pixel.In a common analysis image, most pixel is all background pixel.Luminance threshold is obtained according to the regional dynamics of current calculating, and can for which kind of type configure according to the pixel of current filtration.At present in method, the adquisitiones of threshold values is: according to the brightness of pixel, travel through from high to low pixel, when the quantity of pixel greater than the current pixel point total amount 10% the time stop, the mean value of obtaining front 10% pixel brightness is this regional edge threshold values, calculating by this threshold values, can filter out current pixel point more than 90%, greatly improve the efficiency of processing.
In step 3.2, selection by step-length, can further raise the efficiency,, take 3 as step-length, travel through current region, can reduce greatly the pixel that needs traversal, then by in current pixel point 3 * 3 zones, background colour and believe the judgement of the information such as signal average in zone, can add the pixel that did not travel through unified checking, find the brightest core and most suitable radius, make the pixel set of current selection for the brightest.
By front two processing in step, can be so that calculative pixel reduce very manyly, the counting yield that improves greatly, make the analyzing and processing of each biochip, in 2 seconds, with interior, can complete.
Claims (9)
1. image analysis method, it is characterized in that, to the digital picture that obtains, adopt threshold method, be that the positioning datum point is located biochip according to the highlighted pixel of mark in advance, then according to predefined biochip attribute information, determine the effective coverage of each check point, and then, adopt threshold method, obtain the sub-positioning datum point of each effective coverage according to the highlighted pixel of mark in advance, identify the facula position of test substance according to the sub-positioning datum point location of effective coverage, detect finally determined facula position, detecting the signal value of facula position and standard items compares and draws analysis result.
2. image analysis method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, positioning datum point and sub-positioning datum point are positioned at the upper left corner of corresponding institute identified areas.
3. image analysis method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the method for finding positioning datum point is as follows:
A) to be not less than two pixels and to be not more than four pixels as the described digital picture of step-length traversal;
B) for each pixel that traverses, in the neighborhood centered by this pixel, each statistical parameter that the predetermined biochip attribute of basis is corresponding, statistical parameter comprises the average brightness value after the described digital picture of average brightness value, Edge Enhancement of described digital picture, and statistical variance;
C), if certain pixel meets the following conditions, confirm as a reference point:
C1) the edge threshold values in the signal averaging in the average hot spot of the Edge Enhancement image in the neighborhood centered by this pixel>whole zone * 0.6;
C2) gray-scale value the Edge Enhancement image take 0.8 to 1.4 times of average brightness value as the neighborhood of radius in quantity and other radiuses of pixel be in a ratio of at most;
D) the calculation procedure c) position weight of all reference points of gained;
E) find out the maximum reference point of position weight minimum or occurrence number as the positioning datum point.
4. image analysis method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the computing formula of position weight is:
Math.Sqrt(((_topy?-?initY)?/?lgRect.RowSpan?+?lgRect.RowSpan)×?((_topx?-?initX)?/?lgRect.ColSpan?+?lgRect.ColSpan));
Wherein-topy is the Y coordinate of current scanning element point position
InitY is the Y coordinate of position, the monitoring holes upper left corner, current scanning element point place
LgRect.RowSpan is the height of monitoring holes in the chip attribute
_ topx is the X coordinate of current scanning element point position
InitX is for being the X coordinate of position, the monitoring holes upper left corner, current scanning element point place
LgRect.ColSpan is the width of monitoring holes in the chip attribute.
5. image analysis method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the biochip location is in the situation that positioning datum point is determined, according to the position relationship of default biochip and positioning datum point, according to the positioning datum point of determining, setovers and draws.
6. image analysis method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, definite method of effective coverage is according to detecting the array way of hole or check point on biochip, specifically according to the ranks number that detects control or check point, high, the col width information of row, draw graticule, form little grid, the corresponding effective coverage of each little grid.
7. image analysis method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the method that obtains sub-positioning datum point is as follows:
1) filtration parameter that one group of signal intensity is successively decreased scans current effective coverage successively, uses having of first being filled into greater than setting threshold and point with circular edge as subbase on schedule;
2) obtain edge threshold corresponding to current effective coverage, corresponding gray scale filter value is decided to be 0.3 times of this edge threshold;
3) all pixels in the current effective coverage of scanning, find out the pixel that meets following condition:
3.1) position of this pixel is greater than the product of background value and signal intensity filtration parameter;
3.2) average signal value of these 3 * 3 rectangular areas, pixel center is greater than 0.8 times of background colour;
3.3) average signal value of these 3 * 3 rectangular areas, pixel center is greater than eight adjacent regional signal averages;
3.4) in edge enhanced images, the gray-scale value of this pixel is maximum;
4) pixel drawn according to step 3) and the value of radius, variance, the average of the pixel in the calculating current region;
5) finding signal averaging to be in peak value is corresponding radius;
6) calculation procedure 3) position weight of drawn each pixel;
7) find pixel corresponding to the maximum weighted value of position weight value minimum or occurrence number, be the sub-positioning datum point to little grid location.
8. image analysis method according to claim 7, is characterized in that,, if the positional information of the sub-positioning datum point that draws surpasses setting value in the condition lower deviation take the biochip attribute as benchmark, this sub-positioning datum point corrected.
9. image analysis method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, on the basis that little grid location is completed, determines the position of each hot spot:
X1) according to the design parameter of biochip, reach the positional information of little grid, determine the band of position at each hot spot place in this little grid, be designated as the hot spot lattice;
X2) use hot spot lattice zone as 0.3 times of the background value of background as this regional edge threshold values;
X3) use the hot spot lattice long and wide in middle minimum value as the maximal value of radius;
X4) all facula information in the little grid of traversal;
X5) find out the pixel with following condition:
The position of this pixel is greater than 5 times of background value;
X6) for step x5) pixel that draws, go to calculate variance, the average of the pixel in this zone with the value of itself and radius;
Corresponding radius information while x7) finding the hot spot signal averaging to be in peak value;
X8) also with this reference point as facula position;
X9), according to sub-positioning datum dot information, determine the information of hot spot.
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