CN103389205A - Device for detecting comprehensive performance of ball screw assembly in loaded state - Google Patents
Device for detecting comprehensive performance of ball screw assembly in loaded state Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A device for detecting comprehensive performance of a ball screw assembly in a loaded state comprises a testboard machine body fixed on a cast iron platform, wherein a servomotor is arranged at one end of the testboard machine body; the output shaft of the servomotor is connected to one end of the ball screw assembly through a first coupler, a dynamic torque sensor and a second coupler; an eddy current sensor and a rotary encoder are arranged at the other end of the testboard machine body; a grating scale and an infrared temperature sensor are arranged on the testboard machine body; a rolling guide rail is arranged on the testboard machine body, and is provided with an analog working table; the analog working table is connected to the rolling guide rail through a rolling guide rail slide block, and is connected to a loading device; a ball screw assembly nut is arranged on the analog working table through a nut support base. The device is stable in properties, quick in movement and testing response speed, comprehensive and accurate in testing performance parameters, and simple in structure, and can realize the comprehensive performance detection of ball screw assemblies with different models in no-loaded states or loaded states.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of high speed and precision transmission detection device for combination property, particularly a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state.
Background technology
In the last few years, the fast development of the important industries such as China's Aero-Space, national defence, boats and ships, electric power, the energy and automobile, proposed very high requirement to the performance of various machining equipments.But on the whole, the equipment manufacture development level of China is compared and is also existed larger gap with industrially developed country such as the U.S., Germany, Japan at present, it is blank that many gordian techniquies and functional part still belong at home, quite a few is used at a high speed, the high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools of high precision processing, and make the required key feature of this type of lathe etc., still mainly rely on external import.And this wherein, just comprised the functional parts such as high speed, the necessary precision ball screw of heavily loaded process unit and rolling guide.As the key feature in numerically-controlled machine servo feed drive system and machining center core transmission component, their manufacture level and performance affect and are restricting the overall performance of lathe to a great extent; Therefore, how to break through as early as possible this technical bottleneck, develop functional, as to have independent intellectual property right high speed, heavy duty, precision ball screw, very crucial for promoting the numerically-controlled machine manufacture level.And test and manufacturing are inseparable, not test, and product quality just can not get guaranteeing.At present,, although the performance detector of a lot of ball-screws is arranged, mainly carry out when zero load or underloading.Application number is a kind of device that detects comprehensive performance of high-speed precision ball screw pair of invention of 201010624332.9, can measure a plurality of parameters of ball-screw, but the device that does not make a service test under axial stress state.Shandong SBP Co., Ltd's application number is that 200620161148.4 patent of invention " Test Instrument for Comprehensive Performance of High Speed Precision Ball Screw Units " can be completed the online of acceleration, speed, positioning precision and the leading screw thermal deformation of ball-screw under load condition and measures in real time, but the performance parameter that its detects is comprehensive not enough; What at present, the charger employing was maximum is the hydraulic loading device that cost is expensive, control mode is complicated.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming shortcoming of the prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state, and it can realize the detection to comprehensive performance of high-speed precision ball screw pair.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The present invention includes the testing table fuselage, described testing table fuselage is fixed on cast iron platform, one end of testing table fuselage is equipped with the servomotor that power source is provided, the output shaft of servomotor is connected with ball screw assembly, one end through the first shaft coupling, dynamic torque sensor and the shaft coupling of being connected, the other end of testing table fuselage is equipped with current vortex sensor and the rotary encoder that is connected with ball screw assembly,, grating scale is installed on the testing table fuselage and detects the infrared temperature sensor of ball screw assembly, screw mandrel temperature with cordless;
On described testing table fuselage, the rolling guide that is positioned at the ball screw assembly, both sides is installed, the analog operation platform is set on rolling guide, the analog operation platform connects rolling guide by the rolling guide slide block, and the analog operation platform is connected with charger, on the analog operation platform, microphone is installed;
Described ball screw assembly, one end is arranged on the stiff end support by angular contact ball bearing, and the other end is arranged on bracket at tail part by rolling ball bearing or angular contact ball bearing; Rolling ball screw pair screw nut is arranged on the analog operation platform by the nut bearing, is equipped with on the nut of ball screw assembly, with the way of contact and detects the rolling ball screw pair screw nut platinum resistance temperature sensor of temperature in the running.
Described charger comprises charger base and rope, is horizontally disposed with fixed mount on the charger base, and fixed mount is fixedly connected with cast iron platform, and the charger pillar vertically is set on the charger base, and the top of charger pillar arranges head sheave; The iron block guide upright post and the vertical columns that also be provided with lower head sheave on the charger base, with the charger pillar, parallel, be set with iron block on iron block guide upright post and vertical columns, and iron block slides up and down along the iron block guide upright post; Rope one end is fixed in the mounting hole of offering on vertical columns, and the other end first passes head sheave and walks around lower head sheave again, is connected on the lifting bolt on the analog operation platform.
The bottom cylindrical tangent line of described lower head sheave overlaps with the axial line of lifting bolt.
The stroke of described iron block is greater than the effective travel of ball screw assembly; The heavy 20kg of iron block, quantity is ten.
Described rolling guide two ends are provided with the yielding rubber that in case of emergency shields.
Offer T-shaped groove on described cast iron platform, the testing table fuselage is fixed by bolts on cast iron platform by T-shaped groove, and between testing table fuselage and cast iron platform, machine tool regulating parallels is set.
Limit in position at the two ends of analog operation platform operation on described testing table fuselage, the first travel switch and the second travel switch are installed respectively.
Origin switch as the original bench mark point of each test also is installed on described testing table fuselage.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention is by arranging dynamic torque sensor on the testing table fuselage, the detection of realization to the screw mandrel input torque, the number of revolutions that the rotary encoder that is connected with ball screw assembly, detects screw mandrel in real time is set, during servomotor built-in encoder capable of reducing using, the intermediate transfer link error of the parts such as shaft coupling; , by current vortex sensor being set over against the screw mandrel end, can detect in real time the ball screw axial deformation; The grating scale that arranges can accurately detect the physical location of analog operation platform motion; Infrared temperature sensor is for detection of the screw mandrel temperature of ball screw assembly; Stable performance of the present invention, motion and test response speed are fast, the test performance parameter comprehensively, accurately, apparatus structure is simple, for installation and the detection of the required sensor of ball screw assembly, test item provides good condition, the combination property of ball screw assembly, under zero load and stress state that can realize different model detects, the project that checks is comprehensive, and sensing range is wide.
Further, charger of the present invention comprises charger base and rope, is horizontally disposed with fixed mount on the charger base, and fixed mount is fixedly connected with cast iron platform, the charger pillar vertically is set on the charger base, and the top of charger pillar arranges head sheave; The iron block guide upright post and the vertical columns that also be provided with lower head sheave on the charger base, with the charger pillar, parallel, be set with iron block on iron block guide upright post and vertical columns, and iron block slides up and down along the iron block guide upright post; Rope one end is fixed in the mounting hole of offering on vertical columns, the other end first passes head sheave and walks around lower head sheave again, be connected on the lifting bolt on the analog operation platform, can realize the loading to ball screw assembly,, this charger is simple and reliable for structure, cost is low, and control mode is simple, has overcome the problem that the hydraulic loading device that in the prior art, control system is complicated, use cost is expensive loads.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural perspective of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 along A ?the sectional view of A line;
Fig. 3 is the testing table stereographic map;
Fig. 4 is the charger stereographic map;
wherein, the 1-servomotor, 2-the first shaft coupling, the 3-dynamic torque sensor, 4-the second shaft coupling, the 5-set nut, the 6-yielding rubber, 7-stiff end support, the 8-ball screw assembly, 9-analog operation platform, the 10-lifting bolt, the 11-rolling guide, the 12-rolling guide is trapezoid block fixedly, 13 bracket at tail part, the 14-rotary encoder, the 15-current vortex sensor, 16-current vortex sensor support, 17-rotary encoder support, the 18-travel switch bracket, 19-the first travel switch, 20-rolling guide slide block, the 21-microphone arm, the 22-microphone, the 23-origin switch, 24-the second travel switch, 25-dynamic torque sensor support, 26-servomotor support, 27-testing table fuselage, the 28-fixed mount, head sheave column under 29-, end pulley support under 30-, head sheave under 31-, the upper head sheave of 32-, the upper end pulley support of 33-, 34-iron block guide upright post, 35-charger column, 36-iron block vertical columns, the 37-iron block, 38-charger base, the 39-machine tool regulating parallels, the 40-cast iron platform.
Specific implementation method
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.
Referring to figure 1 ?shown in 2, the present invention includes cast iron platform 40 and the testing table fuselage 27 that two kinds of different in width guide rails can be installed, offer T-shaped groove on cast iron platform 40, testing table fuselage 27 is fixed by bolts on cast iron platform 40 by T-shaped groove, and between testing table fuselage 27 and cast iron platform 40, machine tool regulating parallels 39 is set.Adjust the levelness of testing table integral body by level meter and machine tool regulating parallels 39.
Referring to Fig. 3, an end of testing table fuselage 27 is equipped with the servomotor 1 that power source is provided, and the output shaft of servomotor 1 is connected with ball screw assembly, 8 one ends through the first shaft coupling 2, dynamic torque sensor 3 and the shaft coupling 4 of being connected; The other end of testing table fuselage 27 is equipped with current vortex sensor 15 and the rotary encoder 14 that is arranged on current vortex sensor support 16, and rotary encoder 14 is arranged on rotary encoder support 17, and rotary encoder 14 is connected with ball screw assembly, 8; 3 infrared temperature sensors that detect the screw mandrel temperature of ball screw assembly, 8 with cordless evenly are installed on testing table fuselage 27; Wherein, servomotor 1 is fixed on servomotor support 26, and dynamic torque sensor 3 is fixed on dynamic torque sensor support 25, and the first shaft coupling 2 and the second shaft coupling 4 are the rigidity shaft coupling; The two ends of the screw mandrel of ball screw assembly, 8 are fixed with set nut 5.
Ball screw assembly, 8 one ends are arranged on stiff end support 7 by angular contact ball bearing, the other end is arranged on bracket at tail part 13 by rolling ball bearing or angular contact ball bearing, make ball screw assembly, 8 two ends fix, or one end fix an end and support, can realize two kinds of the most frequently used supporting way of ball screw assembly, 8; The nut of ball screw assembly, 8 is arranged on analog operation platform 9 by the nut bearing, analog operation platform 9 connects rolling guide 11 by rolling guide slide block 20, and do tangential movement on rolling guide 11, the rolling guide that testing table fuselage 27 arranges fixing rolling guide 11 is trapezoid block 12 fixedly; The rolling guide 11 of the both sides that are positioned at ball screw assembly, 8 is installed on testing table fuselage 27, and rolling guide 11 two ends are provided with the yielding rubber 6 that in case of emergency shields.Limit in position at the two ends of analog operation platform 9 operations on testing table fuselage 27, install on 18, one travel switch brackets of two travel switch brackets the first travel switch 19 is installed, another travel switch bracket is installed the second travel switch 24; Be positioned at first side that forms switch 19 on testing table fuselage 27 origin switch 23 is set, origin switch 23 has the original bench mark point as each test.Be fixed with microphone arm 21 on analog operation platform 9, microphone 22 is installed on microphone arm 21, be fixed with grating scale on testing table fuselage 27.
On the nut of ball screw assembly, 8, platinum resistance temperature sensor is installed, platinum resistance temperature sensor detects nut temperature when running up of ball screw assembly, 8 with the way of contact.
Referring to Fig. 4, analog operation platform 9 is connected with charger, described charger comprises charger base 38 and wire rope, be horizontally disposed with fixed mount 28 on charger base 38, fixed mount 28 is fixedly connected with cast iron platform 40, and charger pillar 35 vertically is set on charger base 38, and the top of charger pillar 35 is welded with iron block, on iron block, fixing upper end pulley support 33, arrange head sheave 32 on upper end pulley support 33; Also be provided with lower head sheave column 29 on charger base 38, the iron block guide upright post 34 that parallels with charger pillar 35 and vertical columns 36; Wherein, the top of lower head sheave column 29 is fixed with lower end pulley support 30, and lower head sheave 31 is set on lower end pulley support 30, the effective travel of stroke greater than ball screw assembly, 8 that move up and down of iron block 37; Be set with iron block 37 on iron block guide upright post 34 and vertical columns 36, iron block 37 slides up and down along iron block guide upright post 34; Wire rope one end is fixed in the mounting hole of offering on vertical columns 36, and the other end first passes head sheave 32 and walks around lower head sheave 31 again, is connected on the lifting bolt 10 on analog operation platform 9.The heavy 20kg of every iron block, iron block quantity is ten, maximum can be simulated the axial loading resistance of 2000N, the quantity of the iron block vertical columns 36 changeable iron blocks 37 by being arranged on iron block 37 center pits.The bottom cylindrical tangent line of lower head sheave 31 overlaps with the axial line of lifting bolt 10; Charger can provide axial force, the cutting resistance of simulation ball screw assembly, 8 under actual condition.
Infrared temperature sensor and platinum resistance temperature sensor are as sensing element, and infrared temperature sensor detects high-speed precision ball screw pair 8 screw mandrel temperature in non-contacting mode, and platinum resistance temperature sensor detects the temperature of nut when running up with the way of contact; , to be fixed on current vortex sensor 15 on current vortex sensor support 16 as sensing element, detect the axial deflection of ball screw assembly, 8 when running up; , take the screw mandrel end of servomotor 1 built-in encoder and ball screw assembly, 8 and screw mandrel rotary encoder 14 as sensing element, record the torsional deflection of screw mandrel in the process of running up; Take grating scale as sensing element, when ball screw assembly, 8 runs up, its signal is carried out once and second differential, obtain the straight-line speed of analog operation platform 9 and acceleration; Take dynamic torque sensor 3 as sensing element, ignore the rail friction resistance, obtain servomotor 1 and drive the output torque of ball screw assembly, 8 uniform rotation when ball screw assembly, 8 runs up, in order to detect the moment of friction of ball screw assembly, 8; , to be fixed on microphone 22 on microphone arm 21 as sensing element, detect the noise figure of screw mandrel when running up; , take acceleration transducer as sensing element, when running up, ball screw assembly, 8 detects its vibration characteristics; , take rotary encoder 14 and grating scale as sensing element, when running up, ball screw assembly, 8 detects its positioning precision and backlass; Completing the combination property of ball screw assembly, under the state of running up detects.
The course of work of the present invention: ball screw assembly, is loaded, open servomotor drive ball screw assembly, and rotate, and then drive the tangential movement of analog operation platform, by each sensor, ball screw assembly, is carried out the mensuration of combination property parameter.
Being determined as follows of the combination property detected parameters of ball screw assembly, under the state of running up:
1) positioning precision test
The synchronous shift mensuration that the measurement of ball screw assembly, 8 positioning precisioies adopts angular encoder and grating scale to be used in conjunction with, length direction uses long grating to measure, circumferencial direction adopts angular encoder to measure, grating scale records the actual motion position, rotary encoder 14 record object positions, adopt IK220 high-speed counting card to carry out real-time counting to this two pulse signals, realize the measurement to ball screw assembly, 8 position deviations.Then, with reference to GB/T17421.2 ?2000 " positioning precision of numerical control axis and repetitive positioning accuracies " to the evaluation method of positioning precision, realize the test to positioning precision; The rotary encoder 14 that scrambler selects screw mandrel the right end to install, do not use the scrambler of servomotor 1 own, so just avoided introducing the impact of the factors such as the motor feels hot on measurement accuracy.
2) backlass test
A kind of method of testing is that angular encoder 14 is used in conjunction with grating scale, by the IK220 capture card, the two-way digital pulse signal is compared.When screw mandrel runs to left and right extreme limit of travel counter-rotating, worktable is due to the backlash gap travelling backwards immediately of screw mandrel, so grating scale can not produce displacement pulse signals, in this time period, the measured angle of eccentricity of angular encoder 14 is the initial backlash of screw mandrel, and this value is backlass with the product of helical pitch.
Another kind of method of testing, the worktable initial position is the A point, and at first the rotation ball lead screw pair 8, and range ability a eliminates the gap width on this direction, and worktable runs to the B1 point at this moment, and the physical location that reads the grating scale of this moment is X1; Again worktable is pressed same direction displacement b, this moment, movable workbench was to the C point; After this again with ball screw assembly, 8 counter motions, move distance b again, due to this moment ball screw assembly, 8 exist backlass, so can produce the idle running of certain angle, this moment, worktable ran to the B2 point, read the grating scale actual position value X2 of this moment, the difference of reading X1 and X2 is exactly that ball screw assembly, 8 is along the backlass value of this direction at C point place.
3) temperature test
Adopt infrared temperature sensor to carry out the real time temperature test to screw mandrel, because screw mandrel is under rotary state, so adopt non-contact measurement; Utilize SMD platinum resistance temperature sensor to carry out the contact test to nut, realize the temperature detection to high-speed ball screw pair 8.
4) noise testing
The test difficult point of ball screw assembly, 8 noises is in voice signal to exist a large amount of undesired signals, comprise the noise of sensor background noise, guide rail operation and the electromagnetic interference (EMI) etc. of electrical equipment on every side, so the position that microphone 22 is placed near noise source is conducive to accurate test, the noise source place the when nut of aiming at ball screw assembly, 8 is the lead screw pair operation.
5) vibration-testing
The present invention selects ICP type three axial compression electricity acceleration transducers, and it is integrated in one traditional piezoelectric acceleration sensor and charge amplifier, and the demonstration of directly with record, being connected is connected with collecting device, has simplified test macro, has improved measuring accuracy and reliability.Utilize the ICP type three subsidiary magnetic mount pads of axial compression electricity acceleration transducer to be adsorbed on supporting plate, can test simultaneously the vibration on three directions of X/Y/Z.
6) friction torque test
The present invention can be in the situation that moment of torsion be tested in rotation, by adopting dynamic torque sensor 3 by shaft coupling and electric machine main shaft and screw mandrel engagement, the moment of torsion that causes because of friction force between screw mandrel and nut is passed to the strain transducer axle, make it produce micro-deformation, produce linear voltage signal, import in real time signal into host computer, analyze and process.The moment of friction that test out this moment is approximate value, has ignored the rail friction resistance.
7) axial deformation test
Eddy current displacement sensor is arranged on the testing table tail cone, aim at screw mandrel tail end end face, initial separation, more than or equal to 0.1mm, realizes the test of screw axis to thermal elongation, detects the parts fastening with screw mandrel by current vortex sensor 15 and carrys out the thermal elongation of indirectly testing screw mandrel.
8) torsional deflection test
Test philosophy: 14 difference while of the rotary encoder collecting test data of utilizing motor encoder and ball screw afterbody to install, at one time in the section, calculate both poor, then by calculating, change the windup-degree that just obtains ball screw assembly, 8, i.e. torsional deflection.
9) movement velocity and acceleration test
Method of testing, for adopting the displacement data of grating scale test, carries out once with second differential, calculating to the time by the test signal to grating scale output, obtains actuating speed and acceleration.
The present invention can detect high-speed precision ball screw pair combination property after running-in under axial stress state, provide power by servomotor, the installation of grating scale and rotary encoder and the layout of each sensor element can be carried out integration test to positioning precision, backlass, temperature, axial deformation, torsional deflection, moment of friction, vibration, noise, speed and the acceleration of ball screw assembly.Detected parameters of the present invention is wide, and charger adopts simple and effective physical construction, reduces and controls and maintenance cost, can promote the use of.
Claims (8)
1. device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state, it is characterized in that, comprise testing table fuselage (27), described testing table fuselage (27) is fixed on cast iron platform (40), one end of testing table fuselage (27) is equipped with the servomotor (1) that power source is provided, the output shaft of servomotor (1) is through the first shaft coupling (2), dynamic torque sensor (3) be connected shaft coupling (4) and be connected with ball screw assembly, (8) one ends, the other end of testing table fuselage (27) is equipped with current vortex sensor (15) and the rotary encoder (14) that is connected with ball screw assembly, (8), grating scale is installed on testing table fuselage (27) and detects the infrared temperature sensor of ball screw assembly, (8) screw mandrel temperature with cordless,
The rolling guide (11) that is positioned at ball screw assembly, (8) both sides is installed on described testing table fuselage (27), analog operation platform (9) is set on rolling guide (11), analog operation platform (9) connects rolling guide (11) by rolling guide slide block (20), analog operation platform (9) is connected with charger, and microphone (22) is installed on analog operation platform (9);
Described ball screw assembly, (8) one ends are arranged on stiff end support (7) by angular contact ball bearing, and the other end is arranged on bracket at tail part (13) by rolling ball bearing or angular contact ball bearing; Ball screw assembly, (8) nut is arranged on analog operation platform (9) by the nut bearing, is equipped with on the nut of ball screw assembly, (8) with the way of contact and detects the rolling ball screw pair screw nut platinum resistance temperature sensor of temperature in the running.
2. a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described charger comprises charger base (38) and rope, be horizontally disposed with fixed mount (28) on charger base (38), fixed mount (28) is fixedly connected with cast iron platform (40), charger pillar (35) vertically is set on charger base (38), and the top of charger pillar (35) arranges head sheave (32); Also be provided with lower head sheave (31), the iron block guide upright post (34) that parallels with charger pillar (35) and vertical columns (36) on charger base (38), be set with iron block (37) on iron block guide upright post (34) and vertical columns (36), iron block (37) slides up and down along iron block guide upright post (34); Rope one end is fixed in the mounting hole of offering on vertical columns (36), and the other end first passes head sheave (32) and walks around lower head sheave (31) again, is connected on the lifting bolt (10) on analog operation platform (9).
3. a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the bottom cylindrical tangent line of described lower head sheave (31) overlaps with the axial line of lifting bolt (10).
4. a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the stroke of described iron block (37) is greater than the effective travel of ball screw assembly, (8).
5. a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rolling guide (11) two ends are provided with the yielding rubber (6) that in case of emergency shields.
6. a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cast iron platform offers T-shaped groove on (40), testing table fuselage (27) is fixed by bolts on cast iron platform (40) by T-shaped groove, and between testing table fuselage (27) and cast iron platform (40), machine tool regulating parallels (39) is set.
7. a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper two ends in analog operation platform (9) operation of described testing table fuselage (27) limit in position, and the first travel switch (19) and the second travel switch (24) are installed respectively.
8. a kind of device that detects combination property under the ball screw assembly, stress state according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the origin switch (23) as the original bench mark point of each test also is installed on described testing table fuselage (27).
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| CN201310303743.1A CN103389205B (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2013-07-17 | A kind of device detecting combination property under ball screw assembly, stress state |
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