CN103387371B - 一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂及其应用 - Google Patents
一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂及其应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103387371B CN103387371B CN201310260372.3A CN201310260372A CN103387371B CN 103387371 B CN103387371 B CN 103387371B CN 201310260372 A CN201310260372 A CN 201310260372A CN 103387371 B CN103387371 B CN 103387371B
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- CN
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- Prior art keywords
- curing agent
- stabilizing
- cement
- municipal sludge
- composite curing
- Prior art date
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002131 composite materials Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 230000000087 stabilizing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nMzAwcHgnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwcHgnIHZpZXdCb3g9JzAgMCAzMDAgMzAwJz4KPCEtLSBFTkQgT0YgSEVBREVSIC0tPgo8cmVjdCBzdHlsZT0nb3BhY2l0eToxLjA7ZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGO3N0cm9rZTpub25lJyB3aWR0aD0nMzAwJyBoZWlnaHQ9JzMwMCcgeD0nMCcgeT0nMCc+IDwvcmVjdD4KPHBhdGggY2xhc3M9J2JvbmQtMCcgZD0nTSAyMTAuNzAxLDEyNy40NTcgTCAxMzUuOTk4LDEyNy40NTcnIHN0eWxlPSdmaWxsOm5vbmU7ZmlsbC1ydWxlOmV2ZW5vZGQ7c3Ryb2tlOiMzQjQxNDM7c3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoOjZweDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWNhcDpidXR0O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lam9pbjptaXRlcjtzdHJva2Utb3BhY2l0eToxJyAvPgo8cGF0aCBjbGFzcz0nYm9uZC0wJyBkPSdNIDEzNS45OTgsMTI3LjQ1NyBMIDYxLjI5NSwxMjcuNDU3JyBzdHlsZT0nZmlsbDpub25lO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTojRTg0MjM1O3N0cm9rZS13aWR0aDo2cHg7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVjYXA6YnV0dDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWpvaW46bWl0ZXI7c3Ryb2tlLW9wYWNpdHk6MScgLz4KPHBhdGggY2xhc3M9J2JvbmQtMCcgZD0nTSAyMTAuNzAxLDE3Mi41NDMgTCAxMzUuOTk4LDE3Mi41NDMnIHN0eWxlPSdmaWxsOm5vbmU7ZmlsbC1ydWxlOmV2ZW5vZGQ7c3Ryb2tlOiMzQjQxNDM7c3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoOjZweDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWNhcDpidXR0O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lam9pbjptaXRlcjtzdHJva2Utb3BhY2l0eToxJyAvPgo8cGF0aCBjbGFzcz0nYm9uZC0wJyBkPSdNIDEzNS45OTgsMTcyLjU0MyBMIDYxLjI5NSwxNzIuNTQzJyBzdHlsZT0nZmlsbDpub25lO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTojRTg0MjM1O3N0cm9rZS13aWR0aDo2cHg7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVjYXA6YnV0dDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWpvaW46bWl0ZXI7c3Ryb2tlLW9wYWNpdHk6MScgLz4KPHRleHQgZG9taW5hbnQtYmFzZWxpbmU9ImNlbnRyYWwiIHRleHQtYW5jaG9yPSJzdGFydCIgeD0nMjI2LjcwMScgeT0nMTU2JyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjQwcHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7ZmlsbDojM0I0MTQzJyA+PHRzcGFuPk1nPC90c3Bhbj48L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IGRvbWluYW50LWJhc2VsaW5lPSJjZW50cmFsIiB0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcj0iZW5kIiB4PSc0NS4yOTUnIHk9JzE1Nicgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZTo0MHB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO2ZpbGw6I0U4NDIzNScgPjx0c3Bhbj5PPC90c3Bhbj48L3RleHQ+Cjwvc3ZnPgo= data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004568 cements Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powders Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明属于市政和环境工程领域，具体涉及到一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合型固化剂，以及该固化剂对城市污水厂脱水污泥进行固化和稳定化处理的方法。一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂，其特征在于它由水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏、石灰、活性氧化镁、铁粉、粉末活性炭混合而成，各原料所占质量百分数为：水泥10%～25%、粉煤灰45%～60%、无水石膏5～10%、石灰CaO和活性氧化镁MgO10%～20%、铁粉1～2.5%、粉末活性炭1～2.5%。该复合固化剂能缩短污泥固化的时间，固化稳定化效果好。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于市政和环境工程领域，具体涉及到一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合 型固化剂，W及该固化剂对城市污水厂脱水污泥进行固化和稳定化处理的方法。
背景技术
[0002] 目前，城市污水处理厂的生化处理过程中产生大量的生化污泥（即城市脱水污泥， 或称城市污泥)，城市污泥中的有害成分较高，如病原微生物、盐分、难降解有机物、重金属 等。我国污泥处理与处置尚处于起步阶段，在全国现有污水处理设施中有污泥稳定处理设 施的不到1/2,处理工艺和配套设备较为完善的不到1/10,能够正常运行的为数更少，随着 我国城市化进程的加快和污水处理率的提高，污泥的处理处置已成为我国环境保护中面临 的日益紧迫和严峻的问题。
[0003] 我国目前常用的污泥稳定方法有厌氧消化、好氧消化和污泥堆服其比例分别为 38. 04%、2. 81%、3. 45%，并且污泥堆服正处于不断研究阶段，而热解和化学稳定方法由于技 术原因和经济、能耗的原因而很少被采用。由此可见，我国城镇污泥中有55. 7%没用经过任 何稳定处理，未经稳定处理的污泥将对环境造成严重污染，根据在我国国情和现有的经济 条件，在相当一段时间内脱水污泥填埋仍将是一种不可或缺的过渡性处置途径。W前我国 有大量污泥堆场采用的是非卫生填埋方式，给环境带来严重污染，该种处置方式正逐渐被 摄弃。污泥填埋的优点是投资量少、处理量大、效果明显，对污泥的卫生学指标和重金属指 标要求比较低。但它也存在一些问题，如场地不宜寻找，污泥运输和填埋场建设费用较高， 填埋容量有限，有害成分的渗漏可能会造成地下水污染，填埋场的卫生、莫气会造成二次污 染，污泥中含有的营养物质会使大量病原菌繁衍等。
[0004] 近年来，安全填埋技术发展迅速，目前市面上各种固化/稳定化产品成分主要是： 石灰、水泥、粉煤灰等，其达到一定的固化稳定化效果，但还存在一定的问题，水泥固化剂使 ±壤板结，对重金属及有毒有机物稳定化效果不佳，单纯用石灰则使±壤碱化严重。因此， 需要一种经济上合理、固化稳定化效果好，能有效改善产物性质的综合性固化剂材料。
发明内容
[0005] 本发明所解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种城市污泥固化/稳定 化的复合固化剂及其应用，该复合固化剂能缩短污泥固化的时间，固化稳定化效果好。
[0006] 为实现上述目的，本发明所采取的技术方案是，一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复 合固化剂，其特征在于它由水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏、石灰、活性氧化镇、铁粉、粉末活性炭 (粉末炭）混合而成，各原料所占质量百分数为：
[0007] 水泥10%〜25%、粉煤灰45%〜60%、无水石膏5〜10%、石灰CaO和活性氧化镇 MgOlO%〜20%、铁粉1〜2. 5%、粉末活性炭1〜2. 5〇/〇。
[0008] 石灰化0、活性氧化镇MgO的质量比为2 ;1。
[0009] 本发明的水泥采用普通娃酸盐水泥和硫铅酸盐水泥混合，普通娃酸盐水泥、硫铅 酸盐水泥的质量比为2 ;1。
[0010] 粉煤灰可取自火电厂烧煤所得产物；无水石膏为电厂脱硫产物；铁粉则可采用高 炉废弃铁渣进行研磨得到。
[0011] 上述一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂的制备方法，它包括如下步骤：
[0012] 1)选取上述原料，备用；
[0013] 2)将水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏、石灰、活性氧化镇、铁粉和粉末活性炭(粉末炭）混 合，得到城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂。
[0014] 上述一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂的应用，其特征在于它包括如下步 骤：将城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂添加到含水率为80wt%的城市脱水污泥中，揽 拌（可在堆泥厂原位投加揽拌均匀，同时也可于揽拌器中揽拌均匀后），在室温下静止养护 2〜6天；城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂添加量为，城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固 化剂；城市脱水污泥的质量比25 ;100。
[0015] 本发明的其特点是能使城市污水厂压滤后的污泥快速释放毛细水、间隙水和细胞 水而水化，并在短时间内快速的固化，固化产物能在短时间满足卫生填埋的要求，重金属能 被活性成分包裹固化，有机污染物则能在微电解环境下持续的进行降解。
[0016] 本发明W普通水泥和粉煤灰为主料，添加无水石膏，该H种物质能快速固化；在固 化剂中添加石灰化0,能使含有大量有机质的污泥快速水化，加快污泥脱水和反应，活性氧 化镇MgO成分则能有效对重金属进行固化稳定化；同时，添加少量铁粉和粉末活性炭则在 产物中形成微电解菌团，对有毒有害有机物进行持续的降解，改善固化产物的微生物结构 特性。
[0017] 本发明的有益效果：
[0018] 1.本发明W普通娃酸盐水泥和硫铅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏为主要成分，能大 大缩短污泥固化的时间，在较短的时间内达到卫生填埋的要求。
[0019] 2.本发明固化剂成分中添加石灰CaO和活性氧化镇成份，能加快城市脱水污泥的 水化，克服了传统固化剂不能使污泥中毛细水、间隙水和细胞水快速释放的缺点，缩短了污 泥固化时间，同时，石灰和活性氧化镇是良好的重金属固化稳定剂，对重金属有很好的固化 稳定化效果。
[0020] 3.本发明固化剂成分中添加少量的铁粉和粉末活性炭可形成原电池，能不断进行 微电解反应，对固化产物内有毒有害的有机物持续进行降解，同时改善固化产物内微生物 环境，对固化产物进行持续的改良。
[0021] 4.城市污水厂污泥固化稳定化处理添加量少，不易产生二次污染，具有较高的环 境和经济效益。
具体实施方式
[0022] 为了更好地理解本发明，下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容，但本发明的 内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
[0023] 实施例1-5
[0024] -种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂，它由水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏、石灰、活 性氧化镇、铁粉、粉末活性炭(粉末炭)混合而成，所用原料的化学成分见表1 ;各原料所占质 量百分数见表2。
[0025] 上述一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂的制备方法，它包括如下步骤：
[0026] 1)选取上述原料，备用；
[0027] 2)将水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏、石灰、活性氧化镇、铁粉和粉末活性炭(粉末炭）混 合，得到城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂。
[0028] 上述一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂的应用，它包括如下步骤；将城市 污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂添加到含水率为80wt%的城市脱水污泥中，揽拌（可在堆 泥厂原位投加揽拌均匀，同时也可于揽拌器中揽拌均匀后），在室温下静止养护2〜6天； 城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂添加量为，城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂：城市 脱水污泥的质量比25:100。
[0029] 表 1
[0030]
[0031] 实施实验中，利用实施例1〜5制备的城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂对污 泥进行固化稳定化处理，并同时用现有固化剂做对比试验，其添加量按固化剂：脱水污泥 =25:100的质量比进行添加混合，将产物进行充分混合揽拌均匀、压实。
[0032] 按照《±工试验方法标准》（GB/T50123-1999)关于无侧限抗压强度试验方法的 要求，试验测试指标为无侧限抗压强度，试验为4 5cmX 5cm圆柱体，在最佳含水率条件 下静力压实成型，压实度为95% ;在25C ±2°C及湿度大于90%的条件下标准养护，养护 时间分别为7天、28天，养生期最后一天，将上述取样后剩余泥样置于阴凉通风处风干， 按锥体四分法取10. OOOg风干样品，按照《固体废物浸出毒性浸出方法一水平振荡法》 (GB5086. 2-1997)进行毒性试验，用原子吸收分光光度计测溶液中铜、锋、铅的浓度。测试结 果见表3。
[0033] 表2实施例固化剂配方及现有配方对照
[0034]
[0035] 其中，石灰化0、活性氧化镇MgO的质量比为2 ;1。
[0036] 粉煤灰可取自火电厂烧煤所得产物；无水石膏为电厂脱硫产物；铁粉则可采用高 炉废弃铁渣进行研磨得到。
[0037] 表3无侧限压强度测试结果
[0038]
[003引表3说明了 ：
[0040] 按《城镇污水处理厂污泥处置混合填埋泥质》（CJ/T249-2007)标准，固化污泥安 全填埋的无侧限抗压强度的标准为大于50KPa。根据表3的试验数据可W看出，与现有固化 齐批较，现有固化剂大道安全填埋的养护时间需要6〜7天，而本发明的复合固化剂则可在 约2天时间内达到填埋的强度要求，且所得固化产物的抗压强度更高。因此，使用本发明进 行脱水污泥的固化大大缩短了固化时间，且提高了产物的抗压强度。通过毒性浸出试验，重
金属浸出量均远低于标准规定限值。
[0041] 卫生填埋的要求；含水率小于65%，抗压强度大于50kPa，化、Zn、化浸出浓度不超 过限定值（化；75mg/L，ai ;75mg/L，Cr ;12mg/L)。污泥固化稳定化处理后，从含水率、无侧限 抗压强度和重金属浸出量满足填埋要求。
[0042] 实施例6
[0043] -种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂，它由水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏、石灰、活 性氧化镇、铁粉、粉末活性炭(粉末炭）混合而成，所用原料的化学成分见表1 ;
[0044] 各原料所占质量百分数为；水泥22%、粉煤灰60%、无水石膏6%、石灰CaO和活性氧 化镇MgOlO%、铁粉1%、粉末活性炭1%。其中，石灰化0、活性氧化镇MgO的质量比为2 ;1。
[0045] 上述一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂的制备方法，它包括如下步骤：
[0046] 1)选取上述原料，备用；
[0047] 2)将水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏、石灰、活性氧化镇、铁粉和粉末炭混合，得到城市污 泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂。
[0048] 上述一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂的应用，它包括如下步骤；将城市 污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂添加到含水率为80wt%的城市脱水污泥中，揽拌（可在堆 泥厂原位投加揽拌均匀，同时也可于揽拌器中揽拌均匀后），在室温下静止养护2〜6天； 城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂添加量为，城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂：城市 脱水污泥的质量比25:100。
[0049] 卫生填埋的要求；含水率小于65%,抗压强度大于50kPa,化、Zn、化浸出浓度不超 过限定值（Cu ;75mg/L，ai ;75mg/L，Cr ;12mg/L)。污泥固化稳定化处理后，从含水率、无侧限 抗压强度和重金属浸出量满足填埋要求。
[0050] 固化/稳定化污泥达到7天龄期时，依据《±工试验方法标准》（GB/T50123-1999) 取3个平行样，测定含水率和无侧限抗压强度；将上述取样后剩余泥样置于阴凉通风处风 干，按锥体四分法取10. OOOg风干样品，按照《固体废物浸出毒性浸出方法一水平振荡 法》（GB5086. 2-1997)进行毒性试验，用原子吸收分光光度计测溶液中铜、锋、铅的浓度，浸 出试验设置3个平行样。
[0051] 表4试验结果
[0052]
Claims (5)
1. 一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂，其特征在于它由水泥、粉煤灰、无水石 膏、石灰、活性氧化镁、铁粉、粉末活性炭混合而成，各原料所占质量百分数为： 水泥10%〜25%、粉煤灰45%〜60%、无水石膏5〜10%、石灰CaO和活性氧化镁MgOlO%〜 20%、铁粉1〜2. 5%、粉末活性炭1〜2. 5%。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂，其特征在于，石灰 CaO、活性氧化镁MgO的质量比为2 :1。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂，其特征在于，所述 的水泥采用普通娃酸盐水泥和硫错酸盐水泥混合，普通娃酸盐水泥、硫错酸盐水泥的质量 比为2 :1。
4. 如权利要求1所述的一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂的制备方法，它包括 如下步骤： 1) 按各原料所占质量百分数为：水泥10%〜25%、粉煤灰45%〜60%、无水石膏5〜10%、 石灰CaO和活性氧化镁MgOlO%〜20%、铁粉1〜2. 5%、粉末活性炭1〜2. 5%，选取原料，备 用； 2) 将水泥、粉煤灰、无水石膏、石灰、活性氧化镁、铁粉和粉末活性炭混合，得到城市污 泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂。
5. 如权利要求1所述的一种城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂的应用，其特征在于 它包括如下步骤：将城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂添加到含水率为80wt%的城市脱 水污泥中，搅拌，在室温下静止养护2〜6天；城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂添加量 为，城市污泥固化/稳定化的复合固化剂：城市脱水污泥的质量比25 :100。
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