Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the preparation method that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of stable processing technique, naphthalene water reducer that product performance are stable.
Technical scheme: the preparation method of a kind of naphthalene water reducer provided by the invention, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) sulfonation: naphthalene and vitriol oil generation sulfonation reaction;
(2) be hydrolyzed: add water in sulfonation reaction product generation hydrolysis reaction, by product in hydrolysis sulfonation reaction;
(3) condensation: add paraformaldehyde and water generation condensation reaction in hydrolysis reaction product;
(4) neutralize: condensation reaction products adjusts pH6-8, dry, to obtain final product.
Wherein, in step (1), the purity of naphthalene is more than 95%, and the mass percent concentration of the vitriol oil is more than 98%; The mol ratio of naphthalene and the vitriol oil is 1:(1.30 ~ 1.50), sulfonation reaction temperature is 150 ~ 175 DEG C, and the sulfonation reaction time is 1.5 ~ 4.0h; Temperature of reaction lower than 150 DEG C, the reaction times is less than 1.5h, the transformation efficiency of naphthalene is on the low side, beta-naphthalenesulfonic-acid content is on the low side in sulfonated products, can cause naphthalene water reducer degradation; Temperature higher than 175 DEG C, sulfonation time more than 4.0h, in sulfonated products, many sulfonated products are on the high side, and the easy carbonization of reactant, thus cause water reducer degradation.
Wherein, in step (2), hydrolysising reacting temperature is 100 ~ 120 DEG C, and hydrolysis time is 0.5 ~ 1.5h; By regulating the acidity of the rear reaction system of amount of water controlled hydrolysis reaction in hydrolysis reaction to be 26 ~ 30%; Acidity can cause the condensation reaction rate of lower step slow lower than 26%, long reaction time, and production efficiency reduces; Acidity can cause the condensation reaction rate of lower step too fast higher than 30%, and quick heating, product performance reduce.
Wherein, in step (3), the molecular formula of described paraformaldehyde is (CH
2o) n, wherein n=8 ~ 100; The mol ratio of paraformaldehyde and naphthalene is 0.9 ~ 1.5, and the molar weight of paraformaldehyde is in formaldehyde; Wherein, paraformaldehyde is converted to the method for formaldehyde and is: n
formaldehyde=m/30, wherein n
formaldehydefor converting the mole number of rear formaldehyde, the quality of unit to be mol, m be paraformaldehyde, unit to be g, n be 8 ~ 100 natural number.The mass ratio of paraformaldehyde and water is 1:(1 ~ 3), if directly add paraformaldehyde and do not add water and carry out condensation, after paraformaldehyde resolves into formaldehyde, the too high initial condensation speed of reaction that makes of concentration of formaldehyde is too fast, this may cause heating up too fast thus reducing the performance of water reducer, therefore need to add with paraformaldehyde 1 ~ 3 times of quality water control to be polymerized the speed at initial stage.Setting-up point is 100 ~ 120 DEG C, and condensation reaction time is 2 ~ 8h.After adding paraformaldehyde and water, along with the carrying out of reaction, reaction viscosity also can increase, and therefore, should add hot water dilute reaction solution in condensation reaction, thus reduces reactant viscosity, keeps temperature of reaction constant.
Beneficial effect: preparation method's production technique simple and stable of naphthalene water reducer provided by the invention, parameter are easily controlled, obtained naphthalene water reducer product performance are stable, quality is good.
Specifically, the present invention adds paraformaldehyde and carries out condensation in condensation step, has following outstanding advantage compared to traditional technology:
(1) cost is low, efficiency is high: traditional technology drips the formaldehyde solution of about 37%, 1.5 ~ 3h consuming time, and the present invention adopts paraformaldehyde to drop into reaction kettle for reaction, and production technique is simple, substantially increases production efficiency, also reduces transport, Holding Cost simultaneously;
(2) product performance are high: because paraformaldehyde is solid, when dropping into reaction kettle for reaction, paraformaldehyde mainly dissolves-decomposes-process of reacting, by the Co ntrolled release of effective PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) molecule, thus make speed of reaction steadily, evenly, therefore effectively can increase the polymerization degree of naphthalene water reducer, thus substantially increase the performance of water reducer;
(3) product performance are stablized: by the formaldehyde solution of about 37% in traditional technology, the time long or low meeting of temperature causes crystallize out, not only cause formaldehyde effective content in formaldehyde solution to reduce, even can blocking pipe; Be added drop-wise in reaction solution in formaldehyde solution, due to temperature 80 ~ 100 DEG C, in dropping process formaldehyde some can vapor away; Above factor all can make the metering of formaldehyde inaccurate, thus causes the product performance of producing to there is fluctuation.The present invention adopts the paraformaldehyde of solid as reactant, and its metering is simple, accurate, there is the process of dissolving-decomposition-reaction, not easily volatilize formaldehyde molecule after adding, and therefore makes the product performance of production more stable.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, concrete material proportion, processing condition and result thereof described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.In embodiment, raw materials used all purchase by business is obtained.
Embodiment 1
134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol) is added, the 140.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98% in reaction flask, 1.4mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 28%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, add 34.4g paraformaldehyde (purity >=96%, 1.1mol is in formaldehyde) and 58.5g water, be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually, insulation 4h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Add liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates and regulate pH=6 ~ 8, dry, obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Embodiment 2
134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol) is added, the 130.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98% in reaction flask, 1.3mol), be warmed up to 150 ~ 155 DEG C of reaction 4h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 1.5h at 100 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 26%.After cooling to 80 DEG C, add 27.0g paraformaldehyde (purity >=99%, 0.9mol is in formaldehyde) and 54.0g water, be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually, insulation 8h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Add liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates and regulate pH=6 ~ 8, dry, obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Embodiment 3
134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol) is added, the 135.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98% in reaction flask, 1.35mol), be warmed up to 170 ~ 175 DEG C of reaction 1.5h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 120 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 26%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, add 40.6g paraformaldehyde (purity >=96%, 1.3mol is in formaldehyde) and 40.6g water, be warmed up to 115 ~ 120 DEG C gradually, insulation 8h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Add liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates and regulate pH=6 ~ 8, dry, obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Embodiment 4
134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol) is added, the 150.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98% in reaction flask, 1.50mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 1.5h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 30%.After cooling to 100 DEG C, add 46.9g paraformaldehyde (purity >=96%, 1.5mol is in formaldehyde) and 140.7g water, be warmed up to 105 ~ 110 DEG C gradually, insulation 2h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Add liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates and regulate pH=6 ~ 8, dry, obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Embodiment 5
134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol) is added, the 145.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98% in reaction flask, 1.45mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 29%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, add 34.4g paraformaldehyde (purity >=96%, 1.1mol is in formaldehyde) and 68.8g water, be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually, insulation 4h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Add liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates and regulate pH=6 ~ 8, dry, obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Embodiment 6
134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol) is added, the 140.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98% in reaction flask, 1.4mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 28%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, add 31.3g paraformaldehyde (purity >=96%, 1.0mol is in formaldehyde) and 58.5g water, be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually, insulation 4h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Add liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates and regulate pH=6 ~ 8, dry, obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Embodiment 7
134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol) is added, the 140.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98% in reaction flask, 1.4mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 28%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, add 34.4g paraformaldehyde (purity >=96%, 1.1mol is in formaldehyde) and 58.5g water, be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually, insulation 5h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Add liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates and regulate pH=6 ~ 8, dry, obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Embodiment 8
134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol) is added, the 140.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98% in reaction flask, 1.4mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 28%.After cooling to 95 DEG C, add 34.4g paraformaldehyde (purity >=96%, 1.1mol is in formaldehyde) and 86.0g water, be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually, insulation 4h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Add liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates and regulate pH=6 ~ 8, dry, obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is for embodiment 1, replace by 37% formaldehyde solution that paraformaldehyde is disposable joins in reactor: in reaction flask, add 134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol), the 140.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98%, 1.4mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 28%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, disposablely add 89.2g formaldehyde solution (37%, 1.1mol), be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually, insulation 4h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Adding liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates regulates pH=6 ~ 8 to obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is for embodiment 1, replace paraformaldehyde by 37% formaldehyde solution and be added drop-wise in 1h in reaction flask: in reactor, adding 134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol), the 140.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98%, 1.4mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 28%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, be added dropwise to 89.2g formaldehyde solution (37%, 1.1mol), be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually in 2h, insulation 4h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Adding liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates regulates pH=6 ~ 8 to obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is for embodiment 1, replace paraformaldehyde by 37% formaldehyde solution and be added drop-wise in 2h in reaction flask: in reactor, adding 134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol), the 140.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98%, 1.4mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 28%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, be added dropwise to 89.2g formaldehyde solution (37%, 1.1mol), be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually in 2h, insulation 4h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Adding liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates regulates pH=6 ~ 8 to obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example is for embodiment 1, replace paraformaldehyde by 37% formaldehyde solution and be added drop-wise in 3h in reaction flask: in reactor, adding 134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95%, 1.0mol), the 140.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98%, 1.4mol), be warmed up to 165 ~ 170 DEG C of reaction 2h, after reaction terminates, add a certain amount of water, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 110 DEG C, after hydrolysis, Controlled acidity is 28%.After cooling to 90 DEG C, be added dropwise to 89.2g formaldehyde solution (37%, 1.1mol), be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually in 2h, insulation 4h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Adding liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates regulates pH=6 ~ 8 to obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Comparative example 5
Naphthalene system processing parameter synthesis (" New Building Materials " the 3rd phase 27-29 page in 2004) that this comparative example is optimized according to Li Qiuyi etc.: add 134.7g NAPTHALENE FLAKES. (INDUSTRIAL GRADE) (purity >=95% in reactor, 1.0mol), the 136.0g vitriol oil (purity >=98%, 1.36mol), be warmed up to 161 ~ 165 DEG C of reaction 2.5h, add a certain amount of water after reaction terminates, be hydrolyzed 0.5h at 130 DEG C, after hydrolysis, acidity is 28%.After cooling to 95 DEG C, be added dropwise to 81.1g formaldehyde solution (37%, 1.0mol), be warmed up to 100 ~ 105 DEG C gradually in 2h, insulation 3h, adds water management and is polymerized under suitable viscosity in insulating process.Adding liquid caustic soda after reaction terminates regulates pH=6 ~ 8 to obtain naphthalene water reducer.
Measure the flowing degree of net paste of cement of naphthalene water reducer
Reference standard GB/T8077-2000 " Methods for testing uniformity of concrete admixture " has carried out flowing degree of net paste of cement test, cement (little wild field 52.5R.P. II) 300g, amount of water is 87g, stirs and on sheet glass, measures flowing degree of net paste of cement after 3 minutes, the results are shown in Table 1.
The flowing degree of net paste of cement of the naphthalene water reducer that table 1 embodiment and comparative example obtain
Sample |
Volume |
Flowing degree of net paste of cement/mm |
Embodiment 1 |
0.4% |
255 |
Embodiment 2 |
0.4% |
257 |
Embodiment 3 |
0.4% |
257 |
Embodiment 4 |
0.4% |
255 |
Embodiment 5 |
0.4% |
250 |
Embodiment 6 |
0.4% |
255 |
Embodiment 7 |
0.4% |
253 |
Embodiment 8 |
0.4% |
252 |
Comparative example 1 |
0.4% |
222 |
Comparative example 2 |
0.4% |
225 |
Comparative example 3 |
0.4% |
227 |
Comparative example 4 |
0.4% |
226 |
Comparative example 5 |
0.4% |
227 |
Wherein, in table 1, volume is that water reducer is converted to the ratio of solid compared to the consumption of 300g cement.
As can be seen from embodiment 1 ~ 8, paraformaldehyde is adopted to synthesize as reactant the naphthalene water reducer performance obtained higher, and steady quality.Comparative example 1 ~ 5 adopts traditional formaldehyde solution to make condensing agent, and the product obtained is dispersed lower than the product making reactant of paraformaldehyde to the dispersiveness of cement.