Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the seamless pipe wall thickness that existing extruder produces unanimously, a kind of extruder that becomes the section seamless pipe for processing is provided, this extruder simple to operate, registration, directly extrusion process go out the changeable seamless pipe in cross section.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Be used for the extruder that processing becomes the section seamless pipe, comprise support, be arranged on the remaining separating mechanism of prestressed frame, charging and discharging mechanism, pressure, compression tool, hydraulic mechanism and heating system on support, described compression tool comprises extrusion axis, recipient, pecker and extrusion die, described hydraulic mechanism comprises master cylinder, auxiliary oil cylinder, perforation oil cylinder and servo oil pump, it is characterized in that: also comprise displacement detecting instrument, signal controlling organization, servo oil pump, spiral positioning device and locator driving mechanism;
Described displacement detecting instrument gathers the displacement signal of pecker and is input to the signal controlling organization, and one of output of signal controlling organization is connected with servo oil pump, and servo oil pump drives the perforation oil cylinder, periodically changes its position by perforation hydraulic oil cylinder driving pecker; Two of the output of signal controlling organization is connected with the locator driving mechanism, and the locator driving mechanism drives the forward and backward movement of spiral positioning device, is used for the perforation oil cylinder is positioned restriction; Control the relative position of spiral positioning device and servo oil pump fine adjustment pecker and extrusion die by the signal controlling organization, the hollow seamless pipe that Formation cross-section is changeable.
Purpose of the present invention can also be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Further: also comprise speed detector and temperature monitor, speed detector and temperature monitor gather extruded velocity and the temperature of foundry goods, be input to the signal controlling organization, three of the output of signal controlling organization is connected with the oil pump of master cylinder, controls extrusion speed and the deformation temperature of foundry goods
Further: described pecker adopts multi-stag pecker or cone pecker.
Further: described signal controlling organization comprises PLC controller, touch-screen, signal converter, magnetic valve and host computer.
Further: described locator driving mechanism comprises worm gear, worm screw and servomotor,, the signal controlling organization is electrically connected to servomotor; Worm gear set on the spiral positioning device, with spiral positioning device threaded engagement, servomotor drives worm screw and rotates, and rotates and drives the forward and backward movement of spiral positioning device thereby worm screw drives worm gear.
Further: described oil pump adopts the servo-hydraulic oil pump, and described perforation oil cylinder adopts ram cylinder, enlarges the area of ram cylinder, has increased piercing force and has increased the ability that overcomes the pecker resistance of motion.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, of the present invention simple to operate, processing cost is low, control the relative position of servo oil pump and spiral positioning device fine adjustment pecker and extrusion die by the signal controlling organization, control the master cylinder extrusion speed by the signal controlling organization, regulate the deformation temperature of ingot casting and the speed of extrusion molding, can directly squeeze out the hollow seamless pipe of different cross section.
2, enlarged the application of aluminium alloy seamless pipe, as large by the thickness of pipe wall of ground one end in three bars (flagpole, lamp stand and electric pole), the top tube wall is thin, thereby increases its intensity, firmness.Can also produce two thickness of pipe wall of probing bar requirement by this novel double-movable extruder, middle tube wall is thin.
3, the present invention can produce the tapered seamless pipe of various differences, and its commercial Application economic worth is large, good in economic efficiency.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Specific embodiment 1:
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and the extruder that is used for processing change section seamless pipe shown in Figure 5, comprise support 1, be arranged on the remaining separating mechanism of prestressed frame, charging and discharging mechanism, pressure, compression tool 2, hydraulic mechanism 3, heating system, displacement detecting instrument 4-1, speed detector 4-2 and temperature monitor 4-3, signal controlling organization 5, spiral positioning device 7, locator driving mechanism 8 and servo oil pump 6 etc. on support 1; The remaining separating mechanism of prestressed frame, charging and discharging mechanism, pressure wherein, the master cylinder 3-1 of hydraulic mechanism 3, auxiliary oil cylinder, compression tool 2 comprise that extrusion axis 2-1, recipient 2-2 and extrusion die 2-4 etc. adopt prior art.
The perforation oil cylinder 3-3 of hydraulic mechanism 3 adopts ram cylinder, enlarges the area of ram cylinder, has increased piercing force and has increased the ability that overcomes the pecker resistance of motion.Perforation oil cylinder 3-3 is except increasing the oil cylinder area, and its locations of structures adopts prior art.Servo oil pump 6 adopts the servo-hydraulic oil pump, the perforation oil cylinder 3-3 in the built-in what main plunger of pecker 2-3, and pecker 2-3 adopts the multi-stag pecker.
Displacement detecting instrument 4-1 is for detection of the displacement information of pecker, speed detector 4-2 is for detection of the foundry goods extruded velocity, temperature monitor 4-3 is for detection of the casting deformation temperature, the input information that displacement detecting instrument 4-1, speed detector 4-2 and temperature monitor 4-3 gather is to signal controlling organization 5, one of output of signal controlling organization 5 is connected with servo oil pump 6, servo oil pump 6 drives perforation oil cylinder 3-3, drives pecker 2-3 by perforation oil cylinder 3-3 and periodically changes its position; Two of the output of signal controlling organization 5 is connected with locator driving mechanism 8, spiral positioning device 7 matches with locator driving mechanism 8, be arranged on the front end of trave lling girder 9, locator driving mechanism 8 drives the 7 forward and backward movements of spiral positioning device, is used for perforation oil cylinder 3-3 is positioned restriction; Control the changeable hollow seamless pipe of relative position Formation cross-section of spiral positioning device 7 and servo oil pump 6 fine adjustment pecker 2-3 and extrusion die 2-4 by signal controlling organization 5.Three of signal controlling organization 5 is connected with the oil pump of master cylinder 3-1, controls the extrusion speed of master cylinder 3-1 by signal controlling organization 5, thereby controls the length that becomes each section of section seamless pipe.Auxiliary oil cylinder and master cylinder 3-1 link, and are mainly used in the rollback of master cylinder except power is extruded in increase.
described signal controlling organization 5 comprises PLC controller 5-1, touch-screen 5-2, signal converter 5-3, magnetic valve 5-4 and host computer 5-5, described displacement detecting instrument 4-1, the input information that speed detector 4-2 and temperature monitor 4-3 gather is to PLC controller 5-1, by touch-screen 5-2 with design temperature, speed and positional information are input to host computer 5-5, be input to PLC controller 5-1 by host computer 5-5, PLC controller 5-1 controls the oil pump of servo oil pump 6 and master cylinder 3-1 by magnetic valve 5-4, PLC controller 5-1 controls servomotor 8-3 by signal converter 5-3.
Described locator driving mechanism 8 comprises worm gear 8-1, worm screw 8-2 and servomotor 8-3, worm gear 8-1 is enclosed within on spiral positioning device 7, with spiral positioning device 7 threaded engagement, servomotor 8-3 drives worm screw 8-2 and rotates, and rotates the 7 forward and backward movements of drive spiral positioning device thereby worm screw 8-2 drives worm gear 8-1.
A double-action reverse extruder that adopts the present invention to consist of, this extruder adopts displacement detecting instrument 4-1, speed detector 4-2 and temperature monitor 4-3 to detect displacement, ingot casting extruded velocity and the temperature information of pecker 2-3. control the extrusion speed of master cylinder 3-1 by signal controlling organization 5, thereby control the deformation temperature of ingot casting and the speed of extrusion molding, the stability that keeps its extruded velocity is convenient to determine the length of each section.Control servo oil pump 6 by signal controlling organization 5, thereby control its position of perforation oil cylinder 3-3 drive pecker 2-3 cyclically-varying in built-in what main plunger, the position that coordinates servo oil pump 6 fine adjustment pecker 2-3 by spiral positioning device 7, make the position control accuracy of pecker 2-3 by more than original 1.0mm, rise to below 0.5mm.The variation of pecker 2-3 and extrusion die 2-4 relative position forms the hollow seamless pipe of different cross section shape.Use the mode of reverse extrusion, make extrusion process have more superiority.
The area of the perforation oil cylinder 3-3 that enlarges makes its thrust and rollback power backward forward greatly increase and increase the ability that overcomes the pecker 2-3 resistance of motion.Its piercing force of two moving indirect extrusion machine as a 60MN reaches 15MN by original 9MN, and rollback power reaches 12MN by original 4.8MN, has guaranteed periodically its position of conversion of pecker 2-3.
From setting up Mathematical Modeling, detection to master cylinder 3-1 stroke, the accurate control of the detection of the extruding temperature detection of finished product and extruded velocity, pecker 2-3 position; to the adjustment that turns Change hydraulic system (comprising pressure and flow) and feed back into master cylinder 3-1 speed, thereby the operator can reach technological requirement by adjustment signal controlling organization 5.
The concrete reverse extrusion workflow of implementing of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention adopts front upper bar (between upper material level what extrusion axis and mould, having reduced the stroke of master cylinder), after holding out against bar; Adjust the position of recipient 2-2 by the recipient oil cylinder, recipient 2-2 puts in place; Travel forward by main plunger and bar is clamp-oned and be full of in recipient 2-2; The piston 3-3 that drives the perforation oil cylinder in main plunger by servo oil pump 6 moves, and perforation oil cylinder 3-3 drives pecker 2-3 and realizes perforation, and 2-4 coordinates with extrusion die; Advance by main plunger and realize reverse extrusion; Drive by servo oil pump 6 the relative position variation that perforation oil cylinder 3-3 regulates pecker 2-3 and extrusion die 2-4, drive the position of locator driving mechanism 8 adjustable screw locators 7 by servomotor 8-3, thereby the position of fine adjustment pecker 2-3 coordinates the changeable hollow seamless pipe of Formation cross-section by extrusion axis 2-1, extrusion die 2-4 and pecker 2-3.Recipient 2-2, master cylinder 3-1 reset, at last by pressing remaining its disengagement to press remaining bar, the finished product seamless pipe that Formation cross-section is changeable.
Adopt three grades of formula cylinder peckers with reference to pecker 2-3 shown in Figure 4, these three grades of formula cylinder peckers have respectively three sections of a, b, c, first since a position extruding of three grades of formula cylinder peckers, after arriving certain-length, three grades of formula cylinder peckers are fallen back on the b position begin extruding, the tube wall thickening that form this moment, again three grades of formula cylinder peckers are fallen back on the c position and begin extruding, the tube wall that form this moment is thicker, thereby forms three grades of formula ladder seamless pipes, as shown in Figure 5.
Specific embodiment 2:
With reference to shown in Figure 6, the characteristics of the present embodiment are: described pecker 2-3 adopts the cone pecker, and other characteristics are with to have embodiment 1 identical.
the pecker 2-3 of the present embodiment adopts the cone pecker, first the e position from the cone pecker begins extruding, after being expressed to certain hour (time of selecting as required pecker to stop), then slowly advance pecker, tube wall diminishes gradually, when the cone pecker is shifted the f position onto, tube wall is minimum, after pushing a period of time as required this moment until when soon finishing, allow again the cone pecker slowly retreat, pipe thickness is thickening gradually again, when the cone pecker falls back on the f position, the pipe thickness of tube wall and initial compression is consistent, advance by the cone pecker, a slow astern thick variable cross-section seamless pipe in period-producer intermediate thin two ends, as shown in Figure 7.
Can also control the cone pecker by signal controlling organization 5 and advance, retreat two cycles, form the variable cross-section seamless pipe that two cycles as shown in Figure 8 change.
Can also control the cone previous cycle of pecker by signal controlling organization 5 short, rear one-period is long, forms irregular variable cross-section seamless pipe as shown in Figure 9.
Can also control the cone pecker by signal controlling organization 5 and move half period, form gradual change variable cross-section seamless pipe as shown in figure 10.