CN103379066B - Base station and carry out the method for pre-distortion based on this base station - Google Patents
Base station and carry out the method for pre-distortion based on this base station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基站和基于该基站进行预失真处理的方法，其中，该基站包括：处理器、存储单元和发射链路，其中，存储单元，用于存储预失真系数表；处理器，与存储单元和发射链路连接，用于从预失真系数表中获取需要的预失真系数，其中，预失真系数用于对发射链路发射的基带信号进行预失真处理。该基站还可以包括开关耦合模块，将发射链路和接收链路相连接，用于在基站高温老化过程中获取不同温度下的功放失真信号，以生成预失真系数表。本发明解决了为了改善输出线性指标而需要单独的预失真反馈通道造成的基站电路复杂，或者采用高功率功放管带来的效率较低的技术问题，达到了简化电路结构、降低电路功耗的技术效果。
The invention discloses a base station and a method for performing predistortion processing based on the base station, wherein the base station includes: a processor, a storage unit and a transmission link, wherein the storage unit is used to store a predistortion coefficient table; the processor, It is connected with the storage unit and the transmission link, and is used for obtaining the required pre-distortion coefficient from the pre-distortion coefficient table, wherein the pre-distortion coefficient is used for performing pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal transmitted by the transmission link. The base station may also include a switch coupling module, which connects the transmitting link and the receiving link, and is used to obtain power amplifier distortion signals at different temperatures during the high-temperature aging process of the base station, so as to generate a pre-distortion coefficient table. The present invention solves the technical problem of complex base station circuits caused by separate pre-distortion feedback channels for improving the output linearity index, or the low efficiency caused by the use of high-power power amplifier tubes, and achieves the advantages of simplifying the circuit structure and reducing the power consumption of the circuit technical effect.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种基站和基于该基站进行预失真处理的方法。The present invention relates to the communication field, in particular to a base station and a method for performing predistortion processing based on the base station.
背景技术 Background technique
目前，微型基站得到了广泛的应用，主要用于解决室外补偿补热的需求、公共场所和企业室内覆盖以及家庭用户室内覆盖的问题。微型基站系列的基站主要包括：Micro(微基站)、Pico(微微基站)以及Femto(毫微微微基站)，这些微基站的额定输出功率一般都小于38dBm(6.3W)，和宏基站相比，微基站具有体积小、重量轻、易安装以及成本低的优点。At present, micro base stations have been widely used, mainly to solve the demand for outdoor compensation and heating, indoor coverage of public places and enterprises, and indoor coverage of home users. The base stations of the micro base station series mainly include: Micro (micro base station), Pico (pico base station) and Femto (femto micro base station). The rated output power of these micro base stations is generally less than 38dBm (6.3W). Compared with the macro base station, The micro base station has the advantages of small size, light weight, easy installation and low cost.
微型基站的输出功率受限于射频功率放大管(PowerAmplifier，简称为PA)的1db压缩点，功率放大管的非线性特性严重影响了基站输出的下行指标，而且放大器的非线性特性会随着温度的变化而发生变化，功放管(功率放大管的简称)已经成为影响微型基站下行指标的一个瓶颈问题。为了节约成本和减小体积，微型基站一般不采用如图1所示的类似宏基站的专用预失真反馈通道进行输出线性指标的改善，而是通过选用如图2所示的1dB压缩点比输出功率峰值高的功放管(HPA)来提升指标。然而，这种方式带来的问题是功放管消耗了整个基站的大部分功率，效率很低。例如，3G信号的峰值功率一般高于均值10dB左右，则功放管的1dB压缩点需要比均值功率高10dB以上才能满足输出线性的指标要求，如果需要输出24dbm(250mw)的信号，则需要选择至少34dbm(2W)的功放管。然而，高功率的功放管价格昂贵、功耗大，需要增加独立的散热措施，并提高供电电压，不符合微型基站的体积小、功耗低的特点，因此难以在微基站上得到很好的应用。The output power of the micro base station is limited by the 1db compression point of the radio frequency power amplifier (Power Amplifier, referred to as PA). The nonlinear characteristics of the power amplifier seriously affect the downlink index of the base station output, and the nonlinear characteristics of the amplifier will increase The power amplifier tube (short for power amplifier tube) has become a bottleneck problem affecting the downlink index of the micro base station. In order to save cost and reduce volume, micro base stations generally do not use the dedicated pre-distortion feedback channel similar to macro base stations as shown in Figure 1 to improve the output linearity index, but use the 1dB compression point ratio output as shown in Figure 2 Power amplifier tube (HPA) with high peak power to improve the index. However, the problem brought by this method is that the power amplifier tube consumes most of the power of the entire base station, and the efficiency is very low. For example, the peak power of a 3G signal is generally about 10dB higher than the average value, so the 1dB compression point of the power amplifier needs to be higher than the average power by more than 10dB to meet the output linearity index requirements. If you need to output a 24dbm (250mw) signal, you need to choose at least 34dbm (2W) power amplifier tube. However, the high-power power amplifier tube is expensive and consumes a lot of power. It needs to increase independent heat dissipation measures and increase the power supply voltage. application.
针对上述的问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。For the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明实施例提供了一种基站和基于该基站进行预失真处理的方法，以至少解决现有技术中为了改善输出线性指标而需要单独的预失真反馈通道进行预失真处理而造成的基站电路复杂，或者采用高功率功放管带来的效率较低的技术问题。Embodiments of the present invention provide a base station and a method for performing predistortion processing based on the base station, so as to at least solve the complex circuit of the base station caused by requiring a separate predistortion feedback channel for predistortion processing in order to improve the output linearity index in the prior art , or the technical problem of lower efficiency caused by the use of high-power amplifier tubes.
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，提供了一种基站，包括：处理器、存储单元和发射链路，其中，存储单元，用于存储预失真系数表；处理器，与存储单元和发射链路连接，用于从预失真系数表中获取需要的预失真系数，其中，预失真系数用于对发射链路发射的基带信号进行预失真处理。According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a base station is provided, including: a processor, a storage unit, and a transmission link, wherein the storage unit is used to store the predistortion coefficient table; the processor, and the storage unit and the transmission link The connection is used to obtain the required pre-distortion coefficient from the pre-distortion coefficient table, where the pre-distortion coefficient is used to perform pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal transmitted by the transmission link.
优选地，基站还包括：接收链路和开关耦合模块，其中，开关耦合模块，与发射链路和接收链路连接，在开关耦合模块处于第一工作状态的情况下，开关耦合模块将发射链路和接收链路相连接；在开关耦合模块处于第二工作状态的情况下，开关耦合模块断开发射链路和接收链路的连接；发射链路，还用于发射预失真训练信号，其中，预失真训练信号为所发射链路基带单元产生的基带信号；接收链路，还用于接收经过开关耦合模块耦合的功放失真耦合信号，并对功放失真耦合信号进行下变频和数字采样得到采样信号，其中，功放失真耦合信号是预失真训练信号经过功率放大器后的信号；存储单元，还用于存储预失真训练信号和对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到的采样信号，其中，预失真训练信号和采样信号用于生成预失真系数表。Preferably, the base station further includes: a receiving link and a switch coupling module, wherein the switch coupling module is connected to the transmitting link and the receiving link, and when the switch coupling module is in the first working state, the switch coupling module connects the transmitting link to The road and the receiving link are connected; when the switch coupling module is in the second working state, the switch coupling module disconnects the connection of the transmitting link and the receiving link; the transmitting link is also used to transmit the predistortion training signal, wherein , the predistortion training signal is the baseband signal generated by the baseband unit of the transmitting link; the receiving link is also used to receive the power amplifier distortion coupling signal coupled by the switch coupling module, and perform down-conversion and digital sampling on the power amplifier distortion coupling signal to obtain samples signal, wherein the power amplifier distortion coupling signal is the signal after the pre-distortion training signal passes through the power amplifier; the storage unit is also used to store the pre-distortion training signal and the sampling signal obtained by sampling the power amplifier distortion coupling signal, wherein the pre-distortion training signal and sampled signals are used to generate a table of predistortion coefficients.
优选地，存储单元中的预失真训练信号和采样信号用于通过外部设备生成预失真系数表，存储单元用于存储从外部设备得到的预失真系数表。Preferably, the predistortion training signal and sampling signal in the storage unit are used to generate a predistortion coefficient table through an external device, and the storage unit is used to store the predistortion coefficient table obtained from the external device.
优选地，外部设备为设置有预失真处理算法程序的处理设备，其中，预失真算法程序用于根据预失真训练信号和采样信号生成预失真系数表。Preferably, the external device is a processing device provided with a pre-distortion processing algorithm program, wherein the pre-distortion algorithm program is used to generate a pre-distortion coefficient table according to the pre-distortion training signal and the sampling signal.
优选地，处理器还用于确定功率放大器当前的工作温度和工作频点，并根据确定的工作温度和工作频点从预失真系数表中获取需要的预失真系数。Preferably, the processor is also used to determine the current operating temperature and operating frequency of the power amplifier, and obtain the required pre-distortion coefficients from the pre-distortion coefficient table according to the determined operating temperature and operating frequency.
根据本发明实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种基于上述基站进行预失真处理的方法，包括：基站从自身存储的预失真系数表中，获取需要的预失真系数；基站根据预失真系数对发射的基带信号进行预失真处理。According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a method for performing predistortion processing based on the above-mentioned base station is provided, including: the base station obtains the required predistortion coefficients from the predistortion coefficient table stored by itself; The transmitted baseband signal is subjected to pre-distortion processing.
优选地，基站从自身存储的预失真系数表中，获取需要的预失真系数，包括：基站确定当前的温度等级和/或当前的工作频点；基站从预失真系数表中获取对应当前的温度等级和/或当前的工作频点的预失真系数。Preferably, the base station obtains the required pre-distortion coefficient from the pre-distortion coefficient table stored by itself, including: the base station determines the current temperature level and/or the current operating frequency point; the base station obtains the corresponding current temperature from the pre-distortion coefficient table level and/or predistortion coefficients for the current operating frequency.
优选地，上述方法还包括：基站中的发射链路发射预失真训练信号并将预失真训练信号保存到存储器中；基站中的接收链路对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到采样信号，其中，功放失真耦合信号是预失真训练信号经过发射链路后由开关耦合模块耦合至接收链路的信号，其中，预失真训练信号和采样信号用于生成预失真系数表。Preferably, the above method further includes: the transmitting link in the base station transmits the pre-distortion training signal and saves the pre-distortion training signal in the memory; the receiving link in the base station samples the distorted coupled signal of the power amplifier to obtain a sampled signal, wherein the power amplifier The distortion coupling signal is a signal coupled to the receiving link by the switch coupling module after the predistortion training signal passes through the transmitting link, wherein the predistortion training signal and the sampling signal are used to generate the predistortion coefficient table.
优选地，基站中的发射链路发射预失真训练信号并将预失真训练信号保存到存储器中，包括：确定基站的不同的温度等级；在对基站进行高温老化的过程中，基站在每个温度等级对应的温度下发射预失真训练信号，并将每个温度等级下对应的预失真训练信号保存在存储器中；基站中的接收链路对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到采样信号，包括：接收链路对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到对应于每个温度等级的采样信号，并将采样信号保存到存储器中。Preferably, the transmission link in the base station transmits the pre-distortion training signal and saves the pre-distortion training signal in the memory, including: determining different temperature levels of the base station; The pre-distortion training signal is transmitted at the temperature corresponding to the level, and the corresponding pre-distortion training signal under each temperature level is stored in the memory; the receiving link in the base station samples the power amplifier distortion coupling signal to obtain the sampling signal, including: receiving chain The channel samples the distorted coupling signal of the power amplifier to obtain a sampling signal corresponding to each temperature level, and saves the sampling signal into a memory.
优选地，基站中的发射链路发射预失真训练信号并将预失真训练信号保存到存储器中，包括：设定不同的工作频点；发射链路发射对应于每个工作频点的预失真训练信号并将预失真训练信号保存到存储器中；基站中的接收链路对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到采样信号，包括：接收链路对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到对应于每个工作频点的采样信号，并将采样信号保存到存储器中。Preferably, the transmission link in the base station transmits the pre-distortion training signal and stores the pre-distortion training signal in the memory, including: setting different operating frequency points; the transmission link transmits the pre-distortion training signal corresponding to each operating frequency point signal and save the pre-distortion training signal into the memory; the receiving link in the base station samples the power amplifier distortion coupling signal to obtain the sampled signal, including: the receiving link samples the power amplifier distortion coupling signal to obtain the frequency corresponding to each operating frequency Samples a signal, and saves the sampled signal to memory.
优选地，在将采样信号保存到存储器中之后，还包括：基站将预失真训练信号和采样信号发送给外部设备；基站接收外部设备根据预失真训练信号和采样信号生成的对应于不同温度等级和/或不同工作频点的预失真系数表。Preferably, after the sampling signal is saved in the memory, it also includes: the base station sends the pre-distortion training signal and the sampling signal to the external device; the base station receives the data corresponding to different temperature levels and /or a table of predistortion coefficients at different working frequency points.
优选地，外部设备根据预失真训练信号和采样信号生成的对应于不同温度等级和/或不同工作频点的预失真系数表，包括：外部设备接收基站发送的预失真训练信号和采样信号；外部设备根据预失真训练信号和采样信号，利用自身设置的预失真算法程序生成预失真系数表；外部设备将预失真系数表发送给基站。Preferably, the predistortion coefficient tables corresponding to different temperature levels and/or different operating frequency points generated by the external device according to the predistortion training signal and the sampling signal include: the external device receives the predistortion training signal and the sampling signal sent by the base station; According to the pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal, the device uses the pre-distortion algorithm program set by itself to generate the pre-distortion coefficient table; the external device sends the pre-distortion coefficient table to the base station.
优选地，在基站接收外部设备根据预失真训练信号和采样信号生成的对应于不同温度等级和/或不同工作频点的预失真系数表之后，还包括：基站对预失真系数表进行检测；当检测结果不满足预定条件时，基站再次产生预失真训练信号，并对预失真训练信号对应的功放失真耦合信号进行采样，并生成新的预失真系数表。Preferably, after the base station receives the predistortion coefficient table corresponding to different temperature levels and/or different operating frequency points generated by the external device according to the predistortion training signal and the sampling signal, it also includes: the base station detects the predistortion coefficient table; when When the detection result does not meet the predetermined condition, the base station generates the predistortion training signal again, samples the power amplifier distortion coupling signal corresponding to the predistortion training signal, and generates a new predistortion coefficient table.
在本发明实施例中，处理器从基站自身存储的预失真系数表中获取所需的预失真系数，根据该预失真系数对基带信号进行预失真处理，然后再通过功放的失真得到输出线性的信号，从而提高了基站的线性性能。通过上述方式，基站自身存储有预失真系数，并不需要专门的预失真反馈信道，从而减少了基站的电路复杂度，解决了现有技术中，需要单独的预失真反馈通道进行实时预失真处理而造成的基站电路复杂的技术问题，达到了简化电路结构、降低电路功耗的技术效果。In the embodiment of the present invention, the processor obtains the required pre-distortion coefficient from the pre-distortion coefficient table stored in the base station itself, performs pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal according to the pre-distortion coefficient, and then obtains the output linear signal, thereby improving the linearity performance of the base station. Through the above method, the base station itself stores the pre-distortion coefficients and does not need a special pre-distortion feedback channel, thereby reducing the circuit complexity of the base station and solving the problem of requiring a separate pre-distortion feedback channel for real-time pre-distortion processing in the prior art The resulting technical problem of complex base station circuits achieves the technical effects of simplifying the circuit structure and reducing circuit power consumption.
附图说明 Description of drawings
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1是根据相关技术的存在专用预失真反馈通道的基站的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station with a dedicated predistortion feedback channel according to the related art;
图2是根据相关技术的存在1dB压缩点比输出功率峰值高的功放管的基站的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station with a power amplifier tube whose 1dB compression point is higher than the peak output power according to the related art;
图3是根据本发明实施例的基站的一种优选结构框图；FIG. 3 is a preferred structural block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是根据本发明实施例的基站的另一种优选结构框图；FIG. 4 is another preferred structural block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是根据本发明实施例的对基站的基带信号进行预失真处理的一种优选流程图；Fig. 5 is a preferred flow chart of performing pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal of the base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图6是根据本发明实施例的获取预失真系数表的一种优选流程图；FIG. 6 is a preferred flow chart for obtaining a predistortion coefficient table according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7是根据本发明实施例的对不同温度等级的信号进行采样的方法的一种优选流程图；Fig. 7 is a preferred flowchart of a method for sampling signals of different temperature levels according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图8是根据本发明实施例的对不同工作频点的信号进行采样的方法的一种优选流程图；FIG. 8 is a preferred flowchart of a method for sampling signals at different operating frequency points according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图9是根据本发明实施例的基站的一种优选结构示意图；FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a preferred structure of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10是根据本发明实施例的基带信号的处理方法的另一种优选流程图；FIG. 10 is another preferred flowchart of a baseband signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图11是根据本发明实施例的基站在生产线上的生产流程的一种优选流程图。Fig. 11 is a preferred flowchart of a production process of a base station on a production line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
本实施例提供了一种基站，如图3所示，该基站包括：处理器302、存储单元304和发射链路306，其中，存储单元302，用于存储预失真系数表；处理器304，与存储单元304和发射链路306连接，用于从预失真系数表中获取需要的预失真系数，其中，预失真系数用于对发射链路发射的基带信号进行预失真处理。This embodiment provides a base station. As shown in FIG. 3 , the base station includes: a processor 302, a storage unit 304, and a transmission link 306, wherein the storage unit 302 is used to store a predistortion coefficient table; the processor 304, It is connected with the storage unit 304 and the transmission link 306, and is used for obtaining the required pre-distortion coefficient from the pre-distortion coefficient table, wherein the pre-distortion coefficient is used for performing pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal transmitted by the transmission link.
在本优选实施方式中，处理器从基站自身存储的预失真系数表中获取所需的预失真系数，根据该预失真系数对基带信号进行预失真的处理，从而提高了基站的线性性能。通过上述方式，基站自身存储有预失真系数表，并不需要专门的预失真反馈通道，从而减少了基站的电路复杂度，解决了现有技术中为了改善输出线性指标而需要单独的预失真反馈通道进行预失真处理而造成的基站电路复杂，或者采用高功率功放管带来的效率较低的技术问题，达到了简化电路结构、降低电路功耗的技术效果。In this preferred embodiment, the processor acquires the required pre-distortion coefficients from the pre-distortion coefficient table stored in the base station itself, and performs pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal according to the pre-distortion coefficients, thereby improving the linear performance of the base station. Through the above method, the base station itself stores the pre-distortion coefficient table, and does not need a special pre-distortion feedback channel, thereby reducing the circuit complexity of the base station, and solving the need for a separate pre-distortion feedback in order to improve the output linearity index in the prior art The complex circuit of the base station caused by pre-distortion processing of the channel, or the technical problem of low efficiency caused by the use of high-power amplifier tubes, has achieved the technical effect of simplifying the circuit structure and reducing circuit power consumption.
在一个优选实施方式中，为了可以生成对应于该基站的预失真系数表，在基站的发射链路和接收链路之间设置开关耦合模块，如图4所示，上述基站还包括：接收链路402和开关耦合模块404，其中，开关耦合模块402，与发射链路306和接收链路402相连，在开关耦合模块404处于第一工作状态的情况下，开关耦合模块402将发射链路306和接收链路402相连接；即，在在开关耦合模块404处于第一工作状态的情况下，开关耦合模块402将发射链路306发送的信号耦合至接收链路402；在开关耦合模块402处于第二工作状态的情况下，开关耦合模块402断开发射链路306和接收链路402的连接；发射链路，还用于发射预失真训练信号；接收链路402，还用于通过开关耦合模块402接收功放失真耦合信号，其中，功放失真耦合信号是预失真训练信号经过功率放大器后的信号；存储单元302，还用于存储预失真训练信号和对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到的采样信号，其中，预失真训练信号和采样信号用于生成预失真系数表。In a preferred embodiment, in order to generate the predistortion coefficient table corresponding to the base station, a switch coupling module is set between the transmitting link and the receiving link of the base station, as shown in Figure 4, the above-mentioned base station also includes: a receiving link Road 402 and switch coupling module 404, wherein, the switch coupling module 402 is connected with the transmitting link 306 and the receiving link 402, and when the switch coupling module 404 is in the first working state, the switch coupling module 402 will transmit the link 306 Connected with the receiving link 402; that is, when the switch coupling module 404 is in the first working state, the switch coupling module 402 couples the signal sent by the transmitting link 306 to the receiving link 402; when the switch coupling module 402 is in In the case of the second working state, the switch coupling module 402 disconnects the connection of the transmission link 306 and the reception link 402; the transmission link is also used for transmitting the pre-distortion training signal; the reception link 402 is also used for coupling through the switch The module 402 receives the power amplifier distortion coupling signal, wherein the power amplifier distortion coupling signal is the signal after the pre-distortion training signal passes through the power amplifier; the storage unit 302 is also used to store the pre-distortion training signal and the sampling signal obtained by sampling the power amplifier distortion coupling signal , where the predistortion training signal and sampling signal are used to generate the predistortion coefficient table.
具体的，上述的开关耦合模块404包括：第一开关和第二开关，其中，第一开关的输入端通过耦合器与发射链路相连接，第一开关的第一输出端与功率检测模块相连；第二开关的第一输入端与第一开关的第二输出端相连；第二开关的第二输入端与双工器相连，第二开关的输出端与接收链路相连。当第一开关的输入端与第一开关的第二输出端相连，且第二开关的第一输入端与第二开关的输出端相连时，开关耦合模块处于第一工作状态；当第一开关的输入端与第一开关的第一输出端相连，且第二开关的第二输入端与第二开关的输出端相连时，开关耦合模块处于第二工作状态。在开关耦合模块处于第一工作状态时，该开关耦合模块将发射链路功率放大器放大后的信号耦合到接收链路，并通过接收链路对信号进行采样，以得到对应于该基站的预失真信号数据，从而生成相应的预失真系数表。优选地，为了充分利用高温老化的过程，可以在对基站进行高温老化的过程中，使开关耦合模块处于第一工作状态，以获取对应于该基站的不同温度等级下的预失真训练信号和采样信号。Specifically, the above-mentioned switch coupling module 404 includes: a first switch and a second switch, wherein the input end of the first switch is connected to the transmission link through a coupler, and the first output end of the first switch is connected to the power detection module ; The first input end of the second switch is connected to the second output end of the first switch; the second input end of the second switch is connected to the duplexer, and the output end of the second switch is connected to the receiving link. When the input terminal of the first switch is connected with the second output terminal of the first switch, and the first input terminal of the second switch is connected with the output terminal of the second switch, the switch coupling module is in the first working state; when the first switch When the input end of the first switch is connected to the first output end of the first switch, and the second input end of the second switch is connected to the output end of the second switch, the switch coupling module is in the second working state. When the switch coupling module is in the first working state, the switch coupling module couples the signal amplified by the transmit link power amplifier to the receive link, and samples the signal through the receive link to obtain the predistortion corresponding to the base station Signal data, so as to generate the corresponding predistortion coefficient table. Preferably, in order to make full use of the high-temperature aging process, the switch coupling module can be placed in the first working state during the high-temperature aging process of the base station, so as to obtain pre-distortion training signals and sampling signals corresponding to different temperature levels of the base station. Signal.
在上述优选实施方式中，通过在接收链路和发射链路之间增加一个开关耦合模块，该开关耦合模块将发射链路发射的预失真训练信号耦合至接收链路，并在该过程中对发射链路发射的基带预失真训练信号和通过功率放大器后的预失真训练信号所对应的功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到的采样信号进行存储，通过外部设备对预失真训练信号和采样信号进行处理生成预失真系数表，以便基站在实际工作过程可以调用自身所对应的预失真系数表进行预失真处理，从而提高了基站的线性指标。In the preferred embodiment above, by adding a switch coupling module between the receiving chain and the transmitting chain, the switching coupling module couples the predistortion training signal transmitted by the transmitting chain to the receiving chain, and in the process The baseband pre-distortion training signal transmitted by the transmission link and the sampling signal obtained by sampling the power amplifier distortion coupling signal corresponding to the pre-distortion training signal after the power amplifier are stored, and the pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal are processed and generated by external equipment A pre-distortion coefficient table, so that the base station can call its own corresponding pre-distortion coefficient table to perform pre-distortion processing during an actual working process, thereby improving the linearity index of the base station.
上述的预失真系数表可以在外部设备中生成，基站自身仅需要提供相应的预失真训练信号和采样信号，并将预失真训练信号和采样信号传送给外部处理设备(例如，计算机)，该外部设备中设定有预失真处理算法程序，在得到预失真训练信号和采样信号后，该外部设备根据预失真训练信号和采样信号生成对应于该基站的预失真系数表，然后将该预失真系数表上传给该基站，基站中的存储单元存储该预失真系数表以便发射信号的时候调用，基站中的存储单元可以是闪存。在一个优选实施方式中，存储单元中的预失真训练信号和采样信号用于通过外部设备生成预失真系数表，存储单元用于存储从外部设备得到的预失真系数表。The above-mentioned pre-distortion coefficient table can be generated in an external device, and the base station itself only needs to provide the corresponding pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal, and transmit the pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal to an external processing device (for example, a computer), the external The pre-distortion processing algorithm program is set in the device. After obtaining the pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal, the external device generates a pre-distortion coefficient table corresponding to the base station according to the pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal, and then the pre-distortion coefficient The table is uploaded to the base station, and the storage unit in the base station stores the predistortion coefficient table so as to be called when transmitting a signal. The storage unit in the base station may be a flash memory. In a preferred embodiment, the predistortion training signal and sampling signal in the storage unit are used to generate a predistortion coefficient table through an external device, and the storage unit is used to store the predistortion coefficient table obtained from the external device.
在一个优选实施方式中，外部设备为设置有预失真处理算法程序的处理设备，其中，预失真算法程序用于根据预失真训练信号和采样信号生成预失真系数表。基站在工作的过程中，可能对应着不同的工作频点，功率放大器也会有不同的温度等级，因此，该预失真系数表中记录的是基站在不同温度等级、不同工作频点的预失真系数，优选的，可以是每个温度等级对应一张预失真系数表，该预失真系数表中记录着该温度等级下不同工作频点所需采用的预失真系数。在一个优选实施方式中，处理器还用于确定功率放大器当前的工作温度和工作频点，并根据确定的工作温度和工作频点从预失真系数表中获取需要的预失真系数。In a preferred embodiment, the external device is a processing device provided with a pre-distortion processing algorithm program, wherein the pre-distortion algorithm program is used to generate a pre-distortion coefficient table according to the pre-distortion training signal and the sampling signal. During the working process of the base station, it may correspond to different operating frequency points, and the power amplifier will also have different temperature levels. Therefore, the pre-distortion coefficient table records the pre-distortion coefficients of the base station at different temperature levels and different operating frequency points. The coefficients, preferably, each temperature level corresponds to a pre-distortion coefficient table, and the pre-distortion coefficient table records the pre-distortion coefficients required for different operating frequency points at the temperature level. In a preferred embodiment, the processor is also used to determine the current operating temperature and operating frequency of the power amplifier, and obtain the required pre-distortion coefficients from the pre-distortion coefficient table according to the determined operating temperature and operating frequency.
对于上述基站中所使用的，术语“模块”或者“单元”可以是实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合，软件、硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。As used in the above-mentioned base station, the term "module" or "unit" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that realizes a predetermined function, and implementation of software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and conceived.
基于上述的基站，本实施例还提供了一种进行预失真处理的方法，如图5所示，该方法包括如下步骤：Based on the above-mentioned base station, this embodiment also provides a method for performing pre-distortion processing, as shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:
步骤S502：基站从自身存储的预失真系数表中，获取需要的预失真系数；Step S502: the base station acquires the required pre-distortion coefficients from the pre-distortion coefficient table stored by itself;
步骤S504：基站根据预失真系数对发射的基带信号进行预失真处理。Step S504: the base station performs pre-distortion processing on the transmitted baseband signal according to the pre-distortion coefficient.
在本优选实施方式中，基站获取自身存储的预失真系数表，从该预失真系数表中获取所需的预失真系数，根据该预失真系数对基带信号进行预失真的处理，然后再通过功放的失真得到改善后的输出信号，从而提高了基站的线性性能。通过上述方式，基站自身存储有预失真系数，并不需要专门的预失真反馈信道，减少了基站的电路复杂度，解决了现有技术中为了改善输出线性指标而需要单独的预失真反馈通道进行预失真处理而造成的基站电路复杂，或者采用高功率功放管带来的效率较低的技术问题，达到了简化电路结构、降低电路功耗的技术效果。In this preferred embodiment, the base station obtains the pre-distortion coefficient table stored by itself, obtains the required pre-distortion coefficient from the pre-distortion coefficient table, performs pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal according to the pre-distortion coefficient, and then passes the power amplifier The distortion of the output signal is improved, thereby improving the linearity performance of the base station. Through the above method, the base station itself stores the pre-distortion coefficients, and does not need a special pre-distortion feedback channel, which reduces the circuit complexity of the base station, and solves the problem of requiring a separate pre-distortion feedback channel in order to improve the output linearity index in the prior art. The complex circuit of the base station caused by pre-distortion processing, or the technical problem of low efficiency caused by the use of high-power power amplifier tubes, has achieved the technical effect of simplifying the circuit structure and reducing circuit power consumption.
基站在工作的过程中，会对应着不同的工作频点，功率放大器也会有不同的温度等级，因此，该预失真系数表中记录的是基站在不同温度等级、不同工作频点所需要采样的预失真系数，优选的，可以是每个温度等级对应一张预失真系数表，该预失真系数表中记录着该温度等级下不同工作频点所需采用的预失真系数。基站根据自身当前的工作频点和/或功率放大器的温度等级确定发射信号时进行预失真所需的预失真系数，在一个优选实施方式中，基站从自身存储的预失真系数表中，获取需要的预失真系数，包括：基站确定当前的温度等级和/或当前的工作频点；基站从预失真系数表中获取对应当前的温度等级和/当前的工作频点的预失真系数。During the working process of the base station, it will correspond to different operating frequency points, and the power amplifier will also have different temperature levels. Therefore, the predistortion coefficient table records the samples required by the base station at different temperature levels and different operating frequency points. The predistortion coefficients, preferably, each temperature level corresponds to a predistortion coefficient table, and the predistortion coefficient table records the predistortion coefficients required for different operating frequency points at the temperature level. The base station determines the predistortion coefficient required for predistortion when transmitting signals according to its current operating frequency point and/or the temperature level of the power amplifier. In a preferred embodiment, the base station obtains the required predistortion coefficient from the predistortion coefficient table stored in itself. The predistortion coefficients include: the base station determines the current temperature level and/or the current operating frequency point; the base station obtains the predistortion coefficient corresponding to the current temperature level and/or the current operating frequency point from the predistortion coefficient table.
在一个优选实施方式中，提供了一种基站获取其对应的预失真系数表的方法，如图6所示，该方法包括如下步骤：In a preferred embodiment, a method for a base station to obtain its corresponding predistortion coefficient table is provided, as shown in FIG. 6, the method includes the following steps:
步骤S602：基站中的发射链路发射预失真训练信号并将所述预失真训练信号保存到存储器中；Step S602: the transmitting link in the base station transmits the pre-distortion training signal and saves the pre-distortion training signal into the memory;
步骤S604：基站中的接收链路对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到采样信号；Step S604: the receiving link in the base station samples the distorted coupled signal of the power amplifier to obtain a sampled signal;
在步骤S604中，功放失真耦合信号是预失真训练信号经过发射链路后由开关耦合模块耦合至接收链路的信号，其中，预失真训练信号和采样信号用于生成预失真系数表。在实际的应用中，接收链路在接收到经过开关耦合模块的功放失真耦合信号需要先对该信号进行下变频处理，将下变频后的数据进行数字采样以得到采样信号。In step S604, the power amplifier distortion coupling signal is a signal coupled to the receiving link by the switch coupling module after the predistortion training signal passes through the transmitting link, wherein the predistortion training signal and the sampling signal are used to generate the predistortion coefficient table. In practical applications, when the receiving link receives the distorted coupling signal of the power amplifier through the switch coupling module, it needs to perform down-conversion processing on the signal first, and digitally sample the down-converted data to obtain the sampling signal.
步骤S606：基站将预失真训练信号和采样信号发送给外部设备；Step S606: the base station sends the predistortion training signal and the sampling signal to the external device;
步骤S608：基站接收外部设备根据预失真训练信号和采样信号生成的对应于不同温度等级和/或不同工作频点的预失真系数表。Step S608: The base station receives the predistortion coefficient table corresponding to different temperature levels and/or different operating frequency points generated by the external device according to the predistortion training signal and the sampling signal.
考虑到基站需要知道在不同工作频点和/或不同温度等级下所需采用的预失真系数，在生成预失真系数的时候，可以选取在对基站进行高温老化的过程中获取相应的生成预失真系数的采样信号，对应在高温老化的过程，基站需要经过常温、次高温和高温等不同的温度等级的过程，因此，可以在高温老化的过程获取基站在不同温度等级下的预失真训练信号和采样信号，从而生成不同温度等级下的预失真系数。也可以在该过程中设定不同的工作频点，以获取对应于不同工作频点的预失真系数。Considering that the base station needs to know the pre-distortion coefficients to be used at different operating frequencies and/or different temperature levels, when generating the pre-distortion coefficients, you can choose to obtain the corresponding pre-distortion coefficients during the high-temperature aging process of the base station. The sampling signal of the coefficient corresponds to the process of high-temperature aging. The base station needs to go through the process of different temperature levels such as normal temperature, sub-high temperature and high temperature. Therefore, the pre-distortion training signal and The signal is sampled to generate predistortion coefficients at different temperature levels. It is also possible to set different operating frequency points in this process, so as to obtain predistortion coefficients corresponding to different operating frequency points.
为了达到上述目的，在一个优选实施方式中，提供了一种对不同温度等级的信号进行采样的方法，如图7所示，该方法包括如下步骤：In order to achieve the above purpose, in a preferred embodiment, a method for sampling signals of different temperature levels is provided, as shown in Figure 7, the method includes the following steps:
步骤S702：确定基站的不同的温度等级；Step S702: Determine different temperature levels of the base station;
步骤S704：在对基站进行高温老化的过程中，基站在每个所述温度等级对应的温度下发射预失真训练信号，并将每个所述温度等级下对应的预失真训练信号保存在存储器中；Step S704: During the high-temperature aging process of the base station, the base station transmits the pre-distortion training signal at the temperature corresponding to each temperature level, and stores the corresponding pre-distortion training signal at each temperature level in the memory ;
步骤S706：接收链路对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到对应于每个温度等级的采样信号，并将采样信号保存到存储器中。Step S706: The receiving link samples the power amplifier distortion coupling signal to obtain a sampling signal corresponding to each temperature level, and saves the sampling signal in a memory.
在另一个优选实施方式中，提供了一种对不同工作频点的信号进行采样的方法，如图8所示，该方法包括如下步骤：In another preferred embodiment, a method for sampling signals at different operating frequency points is provided, as shown in FIG. 8, the method includes the following steps:
步骤S802：设定不同的工作频点；Step S802: setting different working frequency points;
步骤S804：发射链路发射对应于每个工作频点的预失真训练信号并将预失真训练信号保存到存储器中；Step S804: the transmitting link transmits the predistortion training signal corresponding to each operating frequency point and saves the predistortion training signal into the memory;
步骤S806：接收链路对功放失真耦合信号进行采样得到对应于每个工作频点的采样信号，并将采样信号保存到存储器中。Step S806: The receiving link samples the power amplifier distortion coupled signal to obtain a sampled signal corresponding to each operating frequency point, and saves the sampled signal into a memory.
通过上述优选的实施方式，可以获取对应于该基站的不同温度等级、不同工作频点的预失真系数。因为高温老化过程是一个温度逐渐升高的过程，因此，在获取采样信号的时候，可以在到达对应的温度等级的时候，在该温度等级设定不同的工作频点，以获取对应于该温度等级的不同工作频点下的采样信号。在每个温度等级，都采样上述的方式，就可以获取每个温度等级对应于不同工作频点的采样信号。通过上述方式，保证了预失真系数表中有每个温度等级以及该温度等级下每个工作频点对应的预失真系数。Through the above preferred implementation manner, predistortion coefficients corresponding to different temperature levels and different operating frequency points of the base station can be obtained. Because the high-temperature aging process is a process of gradually increasing temperature, when obtaining the sampling signal, you can set different operating frequency points at the temperature level to obtain the corresponding temperature Sampling signals at different working frequency points of different levels. At each temperature level, the above-mentioned manner is sampled, so that sampling signals corresponding to different operating frequency points at each temperature level can be obtained. Through the above method, it is ensured that the predistortion coefficient table contains the predistortion coefficient corresponding to each temperature level and each operating frequency point at the temperature level.
在步骤S608中的外部设备按照以下步骤根据预失真训练信号和采样信号生成的对应于不同温度等级和/或不同工作频点的预失真系数表：外部设备接收基站发送的预失真训练信号和采样信号；外部设备根据预失真训练信号和采样信号，利用自身设置的预失真算法程序生成预失真系数表；外部设备将预失真系数表发送给基站。In step S608, the external device generates pre-distortion coefficient tables corresponding to different temperature levels and/or different operating frequency points according to the pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal according to the following steps: the external device receives the pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal sent by the base station signal; the external device generates a pre-distortion coefficient table using its own pre-distortion algorithm program according to the pre-distortion training signal and sampling signal; the external device sends the pre-distortion coefficient table to the base station.
为了保证预失真系数表的有效性，在获取预失真系数表之后，可以对预失真系数表进行验证，如果验证合格就将该预失真系数表作为基站工作时调用的预失真系数表，如果检测不合格，则重新进行采样重新生成预失真系数表，在一个优选实施方式中，在所述基站接收所述外部设备根据所述预失真训练信号和所述采样信号生成的对应于不同温度等级和/或不同工作频点的预失真系数表之后，该方法还包括：基站对预失真系数表进行检测；当检测结果不满足预定条件时，基站再次产生预失真训练信号，并对预失真训练信号对应的功放失真耦合信号进行采样。In order to ensure the effectiveness of the pre-distortion coefficient table, after the pre-distortion coefficient table is obtained, the pre-distortion coefficient table can be verified. If the verification is qualified, the pre-distortion coefficient table is used as the pre-distortion coefficient table called when the Unqualified, then re-sampling to regenerate the pre-distortion coefficient table, in a preferred embodiment, the base station receives the data generated by the external device according to the pre-distortion training signal and the sampling signal corresponding to different temperature levels and After/or the pre-distortion coefficient table of different working frequency points, the method also includes: the base station detects the pre-distortion coefficient table; when the detection result does not meet the predetermined condition, the base station generates the pre-distortion training signal again, and The corresponding power amplifier distortion coupling signal is sampled.
下面结合优选实施例进行说明，该优选实施例结合了上述实施例及其优选实施方式。The following description will be made in conjunction with a preferred embodiment, which combines the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementation modes thereof.
本实施例提供了一种微型基站收发链路，如图9所示，在接收通道(即上文中的接收链路)和发射通道(即上文中的发射链路)间增加开关耦合模块。利用接收通道的数字采样功能，在对基站进行高温老化过程中，采集功率放大器在不同温度下的失真信号，在无线指标工位处结合计算机的算法处理，生成一张预失真系数表，并将该预失真系数表提供给微型基站对基带信号进行预失真处理，由CPU(中央处理器)控制调用预失真系数表进行基带信号的预失真，提高功放输出信号的线性指标。从而达到了改善基站输出的线性指标、提高整机效率、降低成本和体积的目的。通过上述方式解决了现有技术中提升功放压缩点效率较低和采用专用预失真通道造成成本较高的问题，也解决了微型基站在不同温度下由于功放管温度变化特性而带来的线性指标恶化的问题。This embodiment provides a micro base station transceiver link. As shown in FIG. 9 , a switch coupling module is added between the receiving channel (ie, the receiving link above) and the transmitting channel (ie, the transmitting link above). Using the digital sampling function of the receiving channel, during the high-temperature aging process of the base station, the distorted signal of the power amplifier at different temperatures is collected, and a pre-distortion coefficient table is generated at the wireless index station combined with a computer algorithm, and the The pre-distortion coefficient table is provided to the micro base station to perform pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal, and the CPU (central processing unit) controls and calls the pre-distortion coefficient table to perform pre-distortion on the baseband signal, thereby improving the linearity index of the output signal of the power amplifier. Therefore, the objectives of improving the linearity index of the output of the base station, improving the efficiency of the whole machine, and reducing the cost and volume are achieved. Through the above method, the problem of low efficiency in raising the compression point of the power amplifier and the high cost caused by the use of a dedicated pre-distortion channel in the prior art is solved, and the linearity index caused by the temperature change characteristics of the power amplifier tube at different temperatures is also solved. worsening problem.
在对上述的基站进行高温老化的过程中，在不同温度下，由测试信号生成模块(TestSignalGenerate，简称为TSG)发出下行基带信号，由数字至模拟转换器(Digital-to-AnalogConverter，简称为DAC)和中频及射频模块完成信号的数模转换、调制和放大后，利用软件控制模块控制发射和接收之间的射频开关1和2(即图9中Switch1和Switch2)，使得开关耦合模块处于第一工作状态，从而将发射链路信号直接耦合到接收链路，并设置好接收链路的本振频点，对功放失真耦合信号进行下变频、ADC数字采样处理后得到零频的采样信号，最终将TSG基带源信号和功放失真耦合信号的采样信号数据存储在基站闪存(flash)中。During the high-temperature aging process of the above-mentioned base station, at different temperatures, the downlink baseband signal is sent by the test signal generation module (TestSignalGenerate, referred to as TSG), and the digital-to-analog converter (Digital-to-AnalogConverter, referred to as DAC) ) and the intermediate frequency and radio frequency module complete the digital-to-analog conversion, modulation and amplification of the signal, use the software control module to control the radio frequency switches 1 and 2 between the transmission and reception (that is, Switch1 and Switch2 in Figure 9), so that the switch coupling module is in the first In a working state, the transmitting link signal is directly coupled to the receiving link, and the local oscillator frequency point of the receiving link is set, the frequency of the distorted coupling signal of the power amplifier is down-converted, and the ADC digital sampling process is performed to obtain a zero-frequency sampling signal. Finally, the sampling signal data of the TSG baseband source signal and the power amplifier distortion coupling signal are stored in the flash memory (flash) of the base station.
将基站flash中存储的数据下载至计算机本地，利用预失真算法程序分析处理基站下载的数据信息，从而得到对应于该基站的预失真系数表，并将该预失真系数表上传存储在基站flash中，供基站正常工作时对输出的基带信号进行预失真处理，通过功率放大器的失真，最终会输出得到改善后的线性信号。Download the data stored in the base station flash to the local computer, use the pre-distortion algorithm program to analyze and process the data information downloaded by the base station, so as to obtain the pre-distortion coefficient table corresponding to the base station, and upload and store the pre-distortion coefficient table in the base station flash , for the base station to perform pre-distortion processing on the output baseband signal when it is working normally, and finally output an improved linear signal through the distortion of the power amplifier.
在高温化处理后，在无线指标测试工位上用频谱仪测试基站的SEM(频谱辐射模板)和ACPR(邻道功率比)指标，在验证通过后基站将进入下一工位，如果验证不通过，则重新进行数据采集和预失真处理。After the high-temperature treatment, use a spectrum analyzer to test the SEM (spectrum radiation template) and ACPR (adjacent channel power ratio) indicators of the base station on the wireless index test station. After the verification is passed, the base station will enter the next station. If passed, the data collection and pre-distortion processing will be performed again.
为了更清楚的说明本发明实施例，下面以一个具体的实施例对本发明进行进一步描述。In order to illustrate the embodiment of the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described in a specific embodiment below.
本实施例以2.1G频段的宽带码分多址接入(WidebandCodeDivisionMultipleAccess，简称为WCDMA)微微基站(天线口功率为24dBm)为例，结合附图对硬件设计思路、技术方案以及实施步骤进行详细的说明。This embodiment takes the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA for short) pico base station (antenna port power of 24dBm) in the 2.1G frequency band as an example, and describes the hardware design ideas, technical solutions and implementation steps in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings illustrate.
基站收发链路设计时需要在硬件上添加开关耦合模块，该开关耦合模块从物理上连接发射通道和接收通道，发射通道发射TSG训练信号，通过软件控制开关耦合模块，将通过功率放大器后的失真信号耦合到接收通道，利用接收通道对信号进行采样处理，然后将采样信号下载至计算机中进行预失真分析处理，生成预失真系数表，最终上传至基站中使用。When designing the transceiver link of the base station, it is necessary to add a switch coupling module to the hardware. The switch coupling module physically connects the transmission channel and the reception channel. The transmission channel transmits the TSG training signal. The switch coupling module is controlled by software, and the distortion after passing through the power amplifier The signal is coupled to the receiving channel, and the receiving channel is used to sample the signal, and then download the sampled signal to the computer for pre-distortion analysis and processing, generate a pre-distortion coefficient table, and finally upload it to the base station for use.
基于图9所示的基站进行信号处理的具体流程如图10所示，包括如下步骤：The specific flow of signal processing based on the base station shown in Figure 9 is shown in Figure 10, including the following steps:
步骤S1002：设置对应于发射信号频点的发射本振和接收本振频点，(即上文的工作频点)为2110MHz，对于零中频收发信机，只需设置发射和接收本振频点为2110MHz即可，对于非零中频收发信机，只需分别计算并设置射频2110MHz对应的发射和接收本振频点即可。Step S1002: Set the transmitting local oscillator and receiving local oscillator frequency points corresponding to the frequency point of the transmitting signal, (ie, the above operating frequency point) to 2110MHz. For a zero-IF transceiver, only need to set the transmitting and receiving local oscillator frequency points 2110MHz is sufficient. For a non-zero IF transceiver, it is only necessary to calculate and set the transmit and receive local oscillator frequency points corresponding to the radio frequency 2110MHz.
步骤S1004：控制数字发射芯片发出TSG满功率信号(24dBm)，即为数字预失真训练使用信号，将此TSG基带源信号保存至flash，优选的，将该基带源信号命名为TSGBBSourceData.dat。Step S1004: Control the digital transmitting chip to send a TSG full-power signal (24dBm), which is the signal used for digital pre-distortion training, and save the TSG baseband source signal to flash. Preferably, the baseband source signal is named TSGBBSourceData.dat.
步骤S1006：控制打开发射至接收的射频开关1和2，使功放输出信号能够耦合到接收通道。在对上述的基站电路进行设计时，首先需要保证在预失真处理时功放耦合信号经过接收通道放大后无失真且落在模拟至数字转换器(Analog-to-DigitalConverter，简称为ADC)的采样范围内，其次需要保证在基站正常工作时，发射链路输出的信号对上行指标不会产生影响。Step S1006: Control to turn on the RF switches 1 and 2 from transmitting to receiving, so that the output signal of the power amplifier can be coupled to the receiving channel. When designing the above-mentioned base station circuit, it is first necessary to ensure that the power amplifier coupling signal is amplified by the receiving channel during pre-distortion processing without distortion and falls within the sampling range of the Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC for short). Secondly, it is necessary to ensure that when the base station is working normally, the signal output by the transmission link will not affect the uplink index.
本实施方式可以在硬件设计上保证耦合信号经过接收通道放大后无失真，且落入ADC合适的采样范围内。以进入ADC信号为-12dBFs，ADC满量程FSadc＝0dBm，设置接收通道可变增益放大器(VariableGainAmplifier，简称为VGA)增益使接收通道增益为Grx＝4dB为例进行说明。考虑环形器和双工器插损为3dB，功放输出信号功率PPAout＝24+3＝27dBm，考虑到耦合器40dB耦合度、两个射频开关及路径损耗为3dB，因此总的耦合度为Coup＝40+3＝43dB，则进入ADC口功率Padcin＝PPAout-Coup+Grx＝27-43+4＝-12dBm。然而，基站正常工作，即断开开关时需要保证发射信号对接收信号无影响：以宽带码分多址接入(WidebandCodeDivisionMultipleAccess，简称为WCDMA)基站为例分析，热噪低-108dBm/3.84MHz，接收前端低噪放30dB增益，噪声系数2dB，则进入发射和接收连接点处的热噪声为-108dBm+30dB+2dB＝-76dBm，只要满足基站满功率发射时泄露到连接点处的功率小于热噪低10dB以上即不会影响基站的接收指标。射频开关40dB隔离度(本设计中有两个射频开关，可保证80db的隔离度)，耦合器40dB耦合度，则正常工作时，发射至接收的隔离度为Isolation＝2*40dB+40dB＝120dB。泄露到接收通道的发射信号功率PTxtoRx＝27dBm-120dB＝-93dBm，-93dBm远小于-76dBm，因此在基站正常工作时不会影响接收指标。This embodiment can ensure that the coupling signal is not distorted after being amplified by the receiving channel in terms of hardware design, and falls within a proper sampling range of the ADC. The input ADC signal is -12dBFs, the ADC full scale FS adc =0dBm, and the gain of the variable gain amplifier (VariableGainAmplifier, VGA for short) of the receiving channel is set so that the gain of the receiving channel is G rx =4dB as an example for illustration. Considering that the insertion loss of the circulator and duplexer is 3dB, the output signal power of the power amplifier P PAout =24+3=27dBm, considering the 40dB coupling degree of the coupler, the two RF switches and the path loss of 3dB, the total coupling degree is C oup =40+3=43dB, then the power entering the ADC port P adcin =P PAout -Coup+G rx =27-43+4=-12dBm. However, the base station works normally, that is, when the switch is turned off, it is necessary to ensure that the transmitted signal has no effect on the received signal: taking the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA for short) base station as an example, the thermal noise is as low as -108dBm/3.84MHz, The receiving front-end LNA gain is 30dB, and the noise figure is 2dB, then the thermal noise entering the connection point of transmission and reception is -108dBm+30dB+2dB=-76dBm, as long as the power leaked to the connection point when the base station is transmitting at full power is less than the thermal noise If the noise is lower than 10dB, it will not affect the receiving index of the base station. The RF switch has 40dB isolation (there are two RF switches in this design, which can guarantee the isolation of 80db), and the coupler has a coupling degree of 40dB. In normal operation, the isolation from transmission to reception is Isolation=2*40dB+40dB=120dB . The transmitted signal power P TxtoRx leaked to the receiving channel =27dBm-120dB=-93dBm, -93dBm is much smaller than -76dBm, so the receiving index will not be affected when the base station is working normally.
步骤S1008：ADC对功放失真耦合信号进行数字采样，将采样得到的数据保存在基站的flash中，优选的，将该数据命名为PADistortionData.dat。Step S1008: The ADC digitally samples the power amplifier distortion coupling signal, and stores the sampled data in the flash of the base station. Preferably, the data is named PADistortionData.dat.
步骤S1010：利用外部处理设备(可以是计算机)将基站flash中的数字预失真训练信号数据PADistortionData.dat和TSGBBSourceData.dat下载至本地，利用预失真算法程序分析处理训练信号，从而生成对应于该基站的预失真系数表，将该表存为DpdCoefTable.dat。Step S1010: Use an external processing device (which may be a computer) to download the digital predistortion training signal data PADistortionData.dat and TSGBBSourceData.dat in the flash of the base station to the local, and use the predistortion algorithm program to analyze and process the training signal, thereby generating a corresponding The pre-distortion coefficient table, save the table as DpdCoefTable.dat.
步骤S1012：将预失真系数表DpdCoefTable.dat上传至基站falsh中，供基站工作在2110MHz频点时调用，优选的，由中央处理器(CentralProcessingUnit，简称为CPU)控制调用预失真系数表进行基带信号的预失真，提高了功放输出信号的线性指标。Step S1012: upload the pre-distortion coefficient table DpdCoefTable.dat to the base station falsh, and call it when the base station works at a frequency of 2110MHz. Preferably, the central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, referred to as CPU) controls and calls the pre-distortion coefficient table to perform baseband signal processing. The pre-distortion improves the linearity index of the output signal of the power amplifier.
步骤S1014：一个发射频点(工作频点)训练完成之后，重新开始并设置新的工作频点的训练过程，例如以1MHz步进从2110MHz至2170MHz遍历一遍，得到所有频点的预失真系数，将该表存入基站flash中，供基站工作在此温度下的不同频点时进行调用。Step S1014: After the training of a transmission frequency point (working frequency point) is completed, restart and set the training process of a new working frequency point, for example, traverse from 2110MHz to 2170MHz in 1MHz steps to obtain the predistortion coefficients of all frequency points, The table is stored in the flash of the base station for calling when the base station works at different frequency points under this temperature.
步骤S1016：当所有频点完成以后，设置开关为原始默认状态(即上文的第二工作状态，也是图9中的工作状态)，恢复基站的正常工作状态。Step S1016: After all the frequency points are completed, set the switch to the original default state (that is, the second working state above, which is also the working state in Figure 9), and restore the normal working state of the base station.
本实施例还提供了上述基站在生产线上的生产流程，如图11所示，具体步骤包括：This embodiment also provides the production process of the above base station on the production line, as shown in Figure 11, the specific steps include:
步骤S1102：基站在经生产线的生产校准以后，送入高温老化环境，优选的，保持24小时的高温老化。Step S1102: After being calibrated by the production line, the base station is sent to a high-temperature aging environment, preferably, kept for 24 hours of high-temperature aging.
步骤S1104：在常温、次高温和高温阶段，分别利用软件控制基站采样得到不同频点的预失真训练信号数据，该预失真训练信号数据包含基带源信号和功放失真信号(即上文的功放失真耦合信号)，存入基站flash中。Step S1104: In normal temperature, sub-high temperature and high temperature stages, use software to control base station sampling to obtain pre-distortion training signal data at different frequency points, the pre-distortion training signal data includes baseband source signal and power amplifier distortion signal (that is, the power amplifier distortion above Coupling signal), stored in the flash of the base station.
步骤S1106：基站经过高温老化以后，筛选出合格基站送入预失真处理工位(也可以在无线指标工位完成)，将预失真训练信号数据下载至计算机中，进行预失真算法分析处理，得到对应该基站的预失真系数表，上传至基站flash中。从而基站中便存储有常温、次高温和高温在不同频点下的预失真系数表，供基站在不同温度等级不同频点工作时调用进行基带信号的失真处理。Step S1106: After the base station undergoes high-temperature aging, select qualified base stations and send them to the pre-distortion processing station (it can also be completed at the wireless index station), download the pre-distortion training signal data to the computer, and analyze and process the pre-distortion algorithm to obtain The predistortion coefficient table corresponding to the base station is uploaded to the flash of the base station. Therefore, the base station stores the predistortion coefficient tables of normal temperature, sub-high temperature and high temperature at different frequency points, which can be invoked by the base station to perform baseband signal distortion processing when working at different temperature levels and different frequency points.
步骤S1108：利用频谱仪对基站预失真处理功能进行验证测试，在常温下测试基站在低频点、中频点、高频点(例如，2115M、2140M、2165MHz)时的SEM(频谱辐射模板)和ACPR(邻道功率比)指标。Step S1108: Use a spectrum analyzer to verify the pre-distortion processing function of the base station, and test the SEM (spectrum radiation template) and ACPR of the base station at low frequency points, intermediate frequency points, and high frequency points (for example, 2115M, 2140M, 2165MHz) at room temperature (adjacent channel power ratio) indicator.
步骤S1110：在验证通过后基站将进入下一工位，如果验证不通过，则进行返修定位，分析失败原因，确定基站是否合格。优选的，如果验证不通过，也可以重新进行数据采集和预失真处理。Step S1110: After the verification is passed, the base station will enter the next station. If the verification is not passed, repair and positioning will be carried out, and the cause of the failure will be analyzed to determine whether the base station is qualified. Preferably, if the verification fails, data acquisition and pre-distortion processing can also be performed again.
优选的，步骤S1106和步骤S1108中的处理过程也可以在无线指标工位进行处理，利用无线指标工位的计算机对采样信号进行处理得到预失真系数表并上传该表，同时也使用无线指标工位仪器测试对指标进行验证。Preferably, the processing in step S1106 and step S1108 can also be processed at the wireless index station, and the computer of the wireless index station is used to process the sampled signal to obtain a table of pre-distortion coefficients and upload the table. Bit instrument test to verify the indicators.
在上述各个优选实施方式和实施例中只获取常温和高温数据，是因为在低温时，射频电子器件性能将改善，射频线性指标提高，可以不必做低温采数生成预失真系数表，调用常温预失真系数表使用即可。In each of the above-mentioned preferred implementations and examples, only room temperature and high temperature data are obtained, because at low temperature, the performance of radio frequency electronic devices will be improved, and the radio frequency linearity index will be improved. The distortion coefficient table can be used.
在本实施例中，基站获取自身存储的预失真系数表，从该预失真系数表中获取所需的预失真系数，根据该预失真系数对基带信号进行预失真的处理，然后通过功放的失真，会得到线性的输出信号，从而提高了基站的线性性能。通过上述方式，基站自身存储有预失真系数，并不需要专门的预失真反馈信道，减少了基站的电路复杂度，解决了现有技术中，需要单独的预失真反馈通道进行实时预失真处理而造成的基站电路复杂的技术问题，达到了简化电路结构、降低电路功耗的技术效果。In this embodiment, the base station obtains the pre-distortion coefficient table stored by itself, obtains the required pre-distortion coefficient from the pre-distortion coefficient table, performs pre-distortion processing on the baseband signal according to the pre-distortion coefficient, and then passes the distortion of the power amplifier , a linear output signal will be obtained, thereby improving the linear performance of the base station. Through the above method, the base station itself stores the pre-distortion coefficients and does not need a special pre-distortion feedback channel, which reduces the circuit complexity of the base station and solves the problem of requiring a separate pre-distortion feedback channel for real-time pre-distortion processing in the prior art. The technical problems caused by the complicated base station circuit achieve the technical effect of simplifying the circuit structure and reducing the power consumption of the circuit.
在本发明上述各个优选实施方式所涉及的方法可以应用于所有的基站，例如，宏基站、微型基站等。尤其在微型基站中的应用效果最好。The methods involved in the above preferred embodiments of the present invention can be applied to all base stations, for example, macro base stations, micro base stations and so on. Especially the application effect in the micro base station is the best.
在另外一个实施例中，还提供了一种软件，该软件用于执行上述实施例及优选实施方式中描述的技术方案。In another embodiment, software is also provided, and the software is used to implement the technical solutions described in the above embodiments and preferred implementation manners.
在另外一个实施例中，还提供了一种存储介质，该存储介质中存储有上述软件，该存储介质包括但不限于：光盘、软盘、硬盘、可擦写存储器等。In another embodiment, there is also provided a storage medium, in which the software is stored, the storage medium includes but not limited to: optical discs, floppy disks, hard disks, rewritable memories, and the like.
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that each module or each step of the above-mentioned present invention can be realized by a general-purpose computing device, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed in a network formed by multiple computing devices Alternatively, they may be implemented in program code executable by a computing device so that they may be stored in a storage device to be executed by a computing device, and in some cases, in an order different from that shown here The steps shown or described are carried out, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them are fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. As such, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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