CN103379058B - Channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering and device - Google Patents
Channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of channel estimation methods and device based on Wiener filtering, this method include the preliminary channel estimation executed to the least square of the reference signal of user equipment；Estimated based on the preliminary channel, will obtain dependent vector value related with construction correlation matrix by sliding window method every time by sliding window method is added to accumulative register successively；Determine the exponent number of Wiener filter；The weighting coefficient of the Wiener filter is calculated according to the final dependent vector value stored in the accumulative register；And exponent number and weighting coefficient according to the Wiener filter, further execute the Wiener filtering estimated the preliminary channel.The present invention provides reduction technical sophistication degree and takes into account precision and can adaptively adjust the channel estimation methods of the exponent number of Wiener filter.
Description
Cross reference to related applications
This application claims the priority for the application 61/636,922 that the U.S. is submitted on April 23rd, 2012, herein by this application
It is incorporated herein by reference.
Technical field
Embodiment of the present invention relate to the communications fields, and relate more specifically to the channel estimation based on Wiener filtering
Method and apparatus.
Background technology
It is more advantageous compared with 3G as the LTE technologies in 3G epoch after wireless network, for example, improve traffic rate,
Spectrum efficiency, downward compatibility and reduce delay.MIMO is the basic technology in LTE wireless communication systems.As more days
One important branch of line technology, beam forming technique constitute a kind of challenge to receiver realization.For beam forming mode
Channel estimation, the realization to user equipment receiver is a big challenge.From the angle of channel estimation method prior information,
The method of channel estimation can be divided into following three classes
(1) estimation based on reference signal, such algorithm determines parameter to be estimated by certain estimation criterion, or presses certain standards
Then gradually tracked and adjusted the estimated value of parameter to be estimated.Its main feature is that needing by reference signal, i.e. pilot tone or training sequence
Row；
(2) blind estimate, using modulated signal inherently, unrelated with specific carrying information bit some features, or
It is the method using the method for decision-feedback to carry out channel estimation；
(3) semi-blind estimation, in conjunction with blind estimate and the channel estimation methods for estimating both methods advantage based on training sequence.
In general, more commonly used come the method for carrying out channel estimation by reference to signal.To user equipment receiver
Speech, the main difficulty for carrying out channel estimation using reference signal in the prior art are that reference signal exists only in as user equipment
On the Physical Resource Block (PRB) of distribution.It is thus impossible to obtain equally distributed frequency reference signal pattern to be become to time domain
It changes, and the impulse response in time domain cannot be obtained.
Accordingly, it is now desired to a kind of letter that is simple but having accuracy of novel reference signal based on user equipment
Channel estimation method.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention at least that provide it is a kind of reduce computational load degree, can adaptive wiener filter exponent number letter
Channel estimation method.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering, including execution pair are provided
The preliminary channel of the least square of the reference signal of user equipment is estimated, and preliminary channel estimation is stored in reference signal
In memory；Estimated based on the preliminary channel, by sliding window method for each Physical Resource Block in system bandwidth
In each reference signal calculate dependent vector value, and will every time by sliding window method obtain and construction correlation matrix have
The dependent vector value of pass is added to accumulative register successively；It is determined based on the number being added to successively in the accumulative register
The exponent number of Wiener filter；The Wiener filtering is calculated according to the final dependent vector value stored in the accumulative register
The weighting coefficient of device；And exponent number and weighting coefficient according to the Wiener filter, further execute to the preliminary channel
The Wiener filtering of estimation.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculating dependent vector value and the step of be added to accumulative register
Including：When the unallocated reference signal on the Physical Resource Block, then will mark RaccFlag reset, reset it is currently stored
The write address of device is initial write address, then proceedes to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein the mark RaccFlag is used for
Whether determine can construct the current correlation matrix according to current sliding window.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculating dependent vector value and the step of be added to accumulative register
Including：When being assigned with the reference signal on the Physical Resource Block, determine according to the preliminary letter in current sliding window
Road estimation the current write address of calculated currently associated vector value whether reach first threshold, if reaching first threshold
Value will then store dependent vector value related with construction correlation matrix and be added to the accumulative register in current storage.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the memory length of the current storage by the Wiener filter most
Exponent number determination may be calculated greatly, when being filled with the dependent vector value in the current storage successively, then by current correlation
The write address of vector value resets back to initial write address, and stores subsequent dependent vector value successively.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculating dependent vector value and the step of be added to accumulative register
Include swearing the related of presumptive address in current storage according to the address of reading in pre-stored current storage in inquiry table
Magnitude is added to the accumulative register.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of exponent number of the determining Wiener filter include by determine according to
Whether the secondary number being added in the accumulative register judges more than second threshold.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preliminary letter of the least square of the performed reference signal to user equipment
Road is estimated, and it is specially to be given birth to using pseudo-random scrambling code that preliminary channel estimation, which is stored in the step in reference signal memory,
It grows up to be a useful person and each reference signal is descrambled and stores the reference signal after descrambling to reference signal memory.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, further include needle before the preliminary channel estimation for executing the least square
To the OFDM symbol of each reference signal comprising user equipment, RS reference signals are extracted from frequency domain data.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of channel estimating apparatus based on Wiener filtering is provided, including with reference to letter
Number memory；The channel estimator of least square is configured as executing to the first of the least square of the reference signal of user equipment
Channel estimation is walked, and preliminary channel estimation is stored in reference signal memory；Dependent vector calculator, is configured as
Estimated based on the preliminary channel, by sliding window method for each physical resource each ginseng in the block in system bandwidth
It examines signal and calculates dependent vector value, and related arrow related to construction correlation matrix will be obtained by sliding window method every time
Magnitude is added to accumulative register successively；Accumulative register is configured for storage and is added to dependent vector value therein successively；
Weighting coefficient calculator is configured as determining Wiener filter based on the number being added to successively in the accumulative register
Exponent number, and the weighting of the Wiener filter is calculated based on the final dependent vector value stored in the accumulative register
Coefficient；And Wiener filter, it is configured as the exponent number and weighting coefficient according to the Wiener filter, is further executed to institute
State the Wiener filtering of preliminary channel estimation.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, further include：Current storage is configured for storage based on described preliminary
Channel estimation is calculated by sliding window method for each reference signal in the block of each physical resource in system bandwidth
Dependent vector value.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dependent vector calculator is additionally configured to, when the physical resource
On block when the unallocated reference signal, then it will indicate that RaccFlag is reset, the write address of resetting current storage is initially to write
Address then proceedes to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein the mark RaccFlag is for determining according to current sliding window
Whether the current correlation matrix can be constructed.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dependent vector calculator is additionally configured to, when the physical resource
When being assigned with the reference signal on block, determine calculated current according to the preliminary channel estimation institute in current sliding window
Whether the current write address of dependent vector value reaches first threshold, will be in current storage if reaching the first threshold
The dependent vector value of storage is added to the accumulative register.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the memory length of the current storage by the Wiener filter most
Exponent number determination may be calculated greatly, when being filled with the dependent vector value in the current storage successively, then by current correlation
The write address of vector value resets back to initial write address, and stores subsequent dependent vector value successively.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the accumulative register is additionally configured to prestore in foundation inquiry table
Current storage in reading address the dependent vector value of presumptive address in current storage is added to the accumulative register.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weighting coefficient calculator determines that the exponent number of Wiener filter further includes
By determining whether the number that is added to successively in the accumulative register judges more than second threshold.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the channel estimator of the least square executes the reference to user equipment
The preliminary channel of the least square of signal is estimated, and preliminary channel estimation is stored in specific table in reference signal memory
It is now to be descrambled to each reference signal using pseudo-random scrambling code generator and store the reference signal after descrambling to reference signal
Memory.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, further include, in the preliminary channel estimation for executing the least square
It is directed to the OFDM symbol of each reference signal comprising user equipment before, the dress of RS reference signals is extracted from frequency domain data
It sets.
Description of the drawings
When hereafter detailed description to exemplary embodiment is read in conjunction with the figure, these and other purpose, feature
It will become obvious with advantage, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the structure chart of the channel estimation based on Wiener filtering according to a preferred embodiment of the invention；
The schematic diagram being written in Rcur memories 140 Fig. 2 shows currently associated vector value (by taking five ranks as an example)；
Fig. 3 shows the output schematic diagram of the currently associated vector value in Rcur memories (by taking five ranks as an example)；
Fig. 4 shows the flow of the channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Figure；And
Fig. 5 shows the user of the equipment for determining channel state information including each embodiment according to the present invention
The schematic block diagram of equipment.
Specific implementation mode
Flow chart in attached drawing and block diagram, it is illustrated that according to the device of various embodiments of the invention, method and computer journey
The architecture, function and operation in the cards of sequence product.In this regard, each box in flowchart or block diagram can generation
A part for a part for one module, program segment, or code of table, the module, program segment, or code includes one or more
Executable instruction for implementing the specified logical function.It should also be noted that in some implementations as replacements, institute in box
The function of mark can also occur in a different order than that indicated in the drawings.For example, two boxes succeedingly indicated are practical
On can be basically executed in parallel, they can also be executed in the opposite order sometimes, this is depended on the functions involved.Also it wants
It is noted that the combination of each box in block diagram and or flow chart and the box in block diagram and or flow chart, Ke Yiyong
The dedicated hardware based system of defined functions or operations is executed to realize, or can be referred to specialized hardware and computer
The combination of order is realized.
As previously mentioned, this application provides a kind of channel estimation methods and device based on Wiener filtering.To only it lead to now
Exemplary approach is crossed to describe the various embodiments of the present invention in detail.
First, for the purpose more clearly described, Fig. 1 show according to a preferred embodiment of the invention based on wiener
The structure chart of the channel estimation of filtering.After following discussion, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that one in the structure chart
A or multiple modules can be omitted, integrate/be merged into another module, be modified or substituted, which is only basis
The structure chart of the embodiment of the present invention, is never intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It is well known that the system model of LTE can be expressed as：
Yi=XiHi+Ni (1)
Wherein i indicates that i-th of subcarrier, Y, X, H and N indicate to receive signal respectively, send signal, channel and noise.
As described in the background art, those skilled in the art usually estimate channel H using reference signal.
It is directed to the channel estimation of user equipment, usually selects the reference signal for being exclusively used in user equipment (UE).For entire
System bandwidth will include the Physical Resource Block PRB of many, and each Physical Resource Block will likely include multiple reference letter
Number.Channel estimation due to reference signal in time domain is difficult, those skilled in the art usually execute phase in a frequency domain
The channel estimation of pass.
Even if executing relevant channel estimation in a frequency domain, as will be discussed in detail below, strategy of the invention is
The channel estimation of simple least square (LS) is first carried out, the Wiener filtering for then carrying out adaptive exponent number again is estimated to improve channel
The precision of meter.Reason for doing so is that when using reference signal carry out channel estimation when, if directly consideration noise influence,
Such complexity is also to be difficult to receive.And for the channel estimation of LS, the channel frequency domain response of LS can be expressed as
HLS=X-1Y (2)
As it can be seen that the channel estimation calculation of the LS is simple, complexity is low and is easily achieved, it is highly suitable as preliminary channel
Estimation.
The application will combine and introduce the several steps for executing the dedicated channel estimation to UE referring to Fig.1.
Step 1, in order to execute the channel estimation 110 of LS, it may be considered that first contain the reference signal for being exclusively used in UE to each
OFDM symbol, reference signal is extracted from frequency data, then by the reference signal extracted be stored in reference signal storage
In case LS channel estimations 110 use in device 120 (or RS memories).
Step 2, it is contemplated that transmitting terminal would generally scramble signal when emitting signal in the prior art, and descramble
Process is typically that the conjugation of scrambled transmitting signal is multiplied by receiving terminal, therefore, according to the present invention about reference signal
LS channel estimations 120 can carry out each reference signal specifically by using pseudo-random scrambling code generator (or PN generators)
Descramble to realize.Example is further carried out according to the present invention, the result of the result of descrambling or LS channel estimations can be stored back into
Reference signal memory 120.This is advantageous in that save memory space.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that
It is also feasible to store the result into other memory.
Step 3, it is calculating at dependent vector 130 and current storage Rcur140 and accumulative register Racc150, this Shen
The method that please utilize sliding window, following judgement and processing are carried out for each Physical Resource Block (or PRB) in system bandwidth：
(1) if current PRB is unassigned, clear RaccFlag marks, the write address of resetting current storage Rcur140
RcurWriteAddr is initial write address, then checks next PRB；The wherein described mark RaccFlag is for determining foundation
Whether current sliding window can construct current correlation matrix.For example, indicating working as front slide when indicating RaccFlag=0
Window can not construct current correlation matrix, then do not carry out any operation to the PRB, then check next PRB.In this way
It is because in the distribution of actual Physical Resource Block to do, and upper layer software (applications) does not know which Physical Resource Block is assigned to actually
UE, therefore the step actually eliminates the not available Physical Resource Block for UE, without not available to these
Channel on Physical Resource Block carries out any estimation.
(2) if current PRB has been assigned, to each reference signal RS in PRB, the sub-step of the following terms is carried out
Suddenly：
A) the corresponding initial channel estimation H of reference signal based on current sliding windowi, calculate dependent vector value, wherein i tables
Show i-th of subchannel for being related to reference signal.It will be in the storage to Rcur memories 140 of dependent vector value；Rcur memories 140
Start offset amount is the initial write address of Rcur memories, and the memory length of the Rcur memories is configured by MaxWnrLen, wherein
MaxWnrLen calculates exponent number by the maximum possible of the Wiener filter and determines.
The schematic diagram being written in Rcur memories 140 Fig. 2 shows currently associated vector value (by taking five ranks as an example).Left side
1. figure indicates the design of the storage mapping in Rcur memories 140, whereinIndicate the H in sliding windowiWith
HjConjugate transposition product.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that by sliding window such product it is calculated current
Dependent vector, it would be possible to current correlation matrix can be constructed, as discussed below.
B) according to the design Storage of the Rcur memories of the application, for calculated dependent vector ΦI, j, the application is excellent
It is stored according to sequence from top to bottom, from left to right in being selected in left hand view 1., i.e., according to Φ0,0..., Φ0,4, Φ1,1...,
Φ3,7, Φ4,4..., Φ4,8Sequence stored.At this moment have, RcurWriteAddr++；If RcurWriteAddr=
The RcurWriteAddr of next dependent vector is then reset to the initial of Rcur memories and write by MaxWnrLen*MaxWnrLen
Address.
In order to be expanded on further the resetting of b) step, 2. the middle graph of Fig. 2 shows calculated when sliding window slides
New correlation vector value Φ5,5..., Φ5,8Storage in logic.Such as the middle graph is 2. shown, new correlation vector value Φ5,5...,
Φ5,8If according to storage rule before, it should be sequentially stored in Φ in logic4,4..., Φ4,8The right side of dependent vector, so
And the design Storage of the Rcur memories according to the application, maximum memory length will be equal to MaxWnrLen*MaxWnrLen.Example
Such as, for the Wiener filter for it is expected to calculate 5 ranks in Fig. 2, MaxWnrLen=5 can be enabled, then the maximum of Rcur memories is deposited
5 × 5 will be equal to by storing up length.That is, if related sliding window slides into H5When, the Rcur design Storages of foundation the application,
Then new calculated dependent vector value Φ5,5..., Φ5,8In above-mentioned resetting, it should actually be stored sequentially in Φ0,0...,
Φ0,4Corresponding write address covers the Φ originally stored on Rcur memories0,0..., Φ0,4, as Fig. 2 right part of flg 3.
Rcur memories actual storage it is revealed.Why do so, it has been not required to because when sliding window sequentially slides
The Φ originally to store0,0..., Φ0,4To construct new correlation matrix.In this way, as sliding window slides, and so on deposit on ground
The dependent vector value of Chu Xin.
C) in fact, during RcurWriteAddr++, if RcurWriteAddr has reached first threshold
Th1 then enables RaccFlag marks.Such as RaccFlag=1 is enabled, this, which is indicated, to be constructed according to current dependent vector value
Go out new correlation matrix.Herein, first threshold Th1 can be arranged to WnrLen*MaxWnrLen-1, and wherein WnrLen is small
In or equal to MaxWnrLen exponent number.Such as MaxWnrLen=5, WnrLen can take 3,4,5 etc., preferably take 3,5.
In other words, which is adjustable or adaptive during channel estimation methods according to the present invention, namely
The first threshold is caused to be adjustable in the calculating process of correlation matrix or adaptive.As will be further begged for below
Opinion, such as when the coefficient of the Wiener filter that cannot calculate 5 ranks for the dependent vector for finding to be calculated according to reference signal, then
It can have to take the second best, seek the coefficient of such as Wiener filter of 3 ranks.At this time WnrLen can be set to 3, further basis
The first threshold is arranged in the WnrLen.Certainly, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that it is above-mentioned about MaxWnrLen and WnrLen
The setting of value can also be other exponent numbers.
It is related related from the crawl of Rcur memories and structure correlation matrix if d) RaccFlag is labeled or available
Vector Value Data, and will be in data accumulation to accumulative register Racc.Here, one skilled in the art will appreciate that be built
Correlation matrix be conjugation symmetrical matrix, therefore only need to be by obtaining a half data of the conjugation symmetrical matrix, you can further
Build the conjugation symmetrical matrix.Specifically, in the present embodiment, for example, the left hand view of Fig. 2 1. in upper triangle related arrow
Magnitude (the Φ of the i.e. the 1st row0,0..., Φ0,4, the 2nd row Φ1,1..., ΦIsosorbide-5-Nitrae, the 3rd row Φ2,2..., Φ2,4, the 4th row
Φ3,3..., Φ3,4, the 5th row Φ4,4), that is, correspond to the one side of something for the conjugation symmetrical matrix to be built.When RaccFlag is marked
When remembering or is available, the dependent vector value of triangle on this can be added to accumulative register 150.With the movement of sliding window, example
Such as when sliding into the position of the right part of flg for corresponding to Fig. 2 3., then by the Φ of the i.e. the 1st row5,5, the 2nd row Φ1,1..., Φ1,5、
The Φ of 3rd row2,2..., Φ2,5, the 4th row Φ3,3..., Φ3,5, the 5th row Φ4,4..., Φ4,5) be added to before be stored with
In the Racc memories of dependent vector value.
In order to clearly illustrate how that being output to accumulative register Racc, Fig. 3 from Rcur memories shows Rcur
The output schematic diagram of currently associated vector value in memory (by taking five ranks as an example).The structure of Rcur memories in Fig. 3 is practical
It is upper identical with Fig. 2, in order to clearly show that the storage organization of Rcur memories is in tilted layout by the output, the application.
Wherein starting indicates to start the position of output.Indicated by the logic chart of middle graph 2. according to fig. 3, Rcur memories 150
By Φ1,1..., Φ1,5、Φ2,2..., Φ2,5、Φ3,3..., Φ3,5、Φ4,4..., Φ4,5、Φ5,5Dependent vector data accumulation
To Racc accumulative registers 160.And these dependent vector data are equally used for constituting new conjugation symmetrical matrix.In practical operation
In, the reading address RcurReadAddr of Rcur memories is pre-stored in inquiry table, in Racc memories according to the reading
Accordingly read dependent vector related with above-mentioned correlation matrix is built in location.In Racc memories, according to the setting of the embodiment,
The write address RaccWriteAddr of Racc memories is sequential storage.
Art technology is appreciated that Rcur memories 140 above and the write-in of Racc memories 150 and/or reading manner
Other write-ins and reading manner may be used to obtain and build above-mentioned correlation matrix in only example, those skilled in the art
Related dependent vector.
In addition, by the write-in of storage above and being discussed in detail for reading manner, those skilled in the art it can be found that
When obtaining correlation matrix (such as 5 ranks) related dependent vector with structure high-order, actually obtain simultaneously low with structure
The related dependent vector of correlation matrix (such as 3 ranks) of rank.It means that the present invention can advantageously build two kinds even simultaneously
The correlation matrix of more kinds of different ranks.That is step d) is also supported will be in the storage to low order Racc memories of low order correlation matrix.
Step 4, determine whether the cumulative number of the matrix of exponent number certain in Racc memories 150 is more than second threshold,
If it exceeds the second threshold, thereby determines that Wiener filter exponent number.The second threshold is related with whole system, operationally example
Such as it can determine the second threshold by system emulation.If the Wiener filter of high-order cannot be obtained, method of the invention
It can have to take the second best with device, obtain the Wiener filter of low order.It is certain exponent number because if cumulative why to do so
Matrix number deficiency, it is impossible to ensure the precision of wiener filter coefficients.
In step 5, wiener filter coefficients are estimated using the value stored in Racc memories 150.
It is further executed using the Wiener filter 170 of frequency domain according to the wiener filter coefficients obtained in step 6
To the Wiener filtering of reference signal.To obtain more accurate channel estimation.
Channel estimation methods according to the present invention have many advantages, such as.
First, it provides significant channel estimating performance gain in the specific reference signal mode of LTE user equipmenies.
By means of Wiener filter, it smoothly generates significant gain by being carried out to reference signal in frequency mode.
Second, the correlation matrix of two not same orders can be calculated simultaneously.By being multiplexed to computing unit, realize
Low latency and low computation complexity.
Third specifies the number of the correlation matrix to add up in rank by judgement, can be with adjust automatically Wiener filter exponent number.
Fig. 4 shows the flow of the channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Figure.Step is since S401.
Step S410 is executed and is estimated the preliminary channel of the least square of the reference signal of user equipment, and will be described first
Step channel estimation is stored in reference signal memory；
In fact, before executing the preliminary channel estimation of the least square, this method can also preferably include needle
To the OFDM symbol of each reference signal comprising user equipment, RS reference signals are extracted from frequency domain data in case least square
Preliminary channel estimated service life.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that other extract RS reference signals from frequency domain data
Mode is also feasible.
In addition, when implementing the step of the application, it in one example, can be preferably by using pseudo-random scrambling code
Generator descrambles each reference signal and stores the reference signal after descrambling to be realized to reference signal memory.
Step S420 is estimated based on the preliminary channel, by sliding window method for each object in system bandwidth
It manages resource each reference signal in the block and calculates dependent vector value, and will be obtained every time by sliding window method and construction phase
It closes the related dependent vector value of matrix and is added to accumulative register successively；
It in this step, specifically, then will mark when the unallocated reference signal on the Physical Resource Block
RaccFlag is reset, the write address of resetting current storage is initial write address, then proceedes to check next Physical Resource Block,
The wherein described mark RaccFlag is for determining according to current sliding window the current correlation matrix whether can be constructed.
When being assigned with the reference signal on the Physical Resource Block, determine according to described preliminary in current sliding window
Channel estimation the current write address of calculated currently associated vector value whether reach first threshold, if reaching described first
Threshold value will then store dependent vector value related with construction correlation matrix and be added to the cumulative storage in current storage
Device.
Wherein, the memory length of current storage calculates exponent number by the maximum possible of the Wiener filter and determines, works as institute
It states when being filled with the dependent vector value in current storage successively, then resets back to the write address of current dependent vector value initially
Write address, and subsequent dependent vector value is stored successively.
Wherein, the step further include will be currently stored according to the reading address in pre-stored current storage in inquiry table
The dependent vector value of presumptive address is added to the accumulative register in device.
Step S430 determines the exponent number of Wiener filter based on the number being added to successively in the accumulative register.
It in one example, can be preferably by determining whether the number being added to successively in the accumulative register surpasses
Second threshold is crossed to judge, so that it is determined that the exponent number of Wiener filter.
Step S440 calculates the Wiener filtering according to the final dependent vector value stored in the accumulative register
The weighting coefficient of device；And
Step S450 is further executed to the preliminary channel according to the exponent number and weighting coefficient of the Wiener filter
The Wiener filtering of estimation.
The operating principle of step S440 and step S450 are that those skilled in the art are known, and so it will not be repeated.
Step S460 terminates.
Fig. 5 shows the user of the equipment for determining channel state information including each embodiment according to the present invention
The schematic block diagram of equipment.
It should be appreciated that as shown in Figure 5 and mobile phone described below is only will be from exemplary embodiment of the invention
The example of benefited a kind of user equipment, and it is not limited to the range of exemplary embodiment of the invention.Although for citing
Purpose and the embodiment for illustrating user equipment 10, but such as portable digital assistant (PDA), pager, mobile TV, trip
It plays equipment, laptop computer, camera, video recorder, audio/video player, radio, GPS device or aforementioned device
The other kinds of user equipment and other kinds of voice and text communications systems of any combinations etc can be transported easily
Use exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
In addition, although user equipment 10 can use multiple embodiments of the method for the present invention, in addition to user equipment
Except device can also use according to the method for exemplary embodiment of the invention.In addition, though mainly in combination with mobile logical
The method and apparatus that letter application describes exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is understood, however, that can be in mobile communications industry
With the method and apparatus for utilizing exemplary embodiment of the invention in conjunction with various other applications other than mobile communications industry.
User equipment 10 may include (or multiple with an antenna 12 of 16 operable communication of transmitter 14 and receiver
Antenna).User equipment 10 can also include providing signal to transmitter 14 respectively and receiving the device of signal, example from receiver 16
Such as controller 20 or other processing units.Signal includes according to the signaling information of applicable cellular system air-interface standard, also
Including user speech, the data of reception and/or by the data of user's generation.In this regard, user equipment 10 can utilize
One or more air interface standard, communication protocol, modulation type and access style operate.For example, user equipment
10 can grasp according to any communication protocol in the communication protocols such as multiple first generation, the second generation, the third generation and/or forth generation
Make.For example, user equipment 10 can according to the second generation (2G) wireless communication protocol IS-136 (time division multiple acess (TDMA)),
GSM (global system for mobile communications) and IS-95 (CDMA (CDMA)) or according to such as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
(UMTS), the third generation (3G) as CDMA2000, wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and time division-synchronous CDMA (TD-SCDMA) is wireless
Communication protocol, according to the 3.9th generation (3.9G) wireless communication protocol such as Evolved Universal Terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN),
It is operated according to forth generation (4G) wireless communication protocol etc..Replace (or in addition to this), and user equipment 10 can
It is operated according to non-cellular communication mechanisms.For example, user equipment 10 can be in WLAN (WLAN) or other are logical
It is communicated in communication network.In addition, user equipment 10 can be communicated for example according to following technology, these technologies are, for example, radio frequency
(RF), infrared ray (IrDA) or multiple and different Wireless networking technologies (including WLAN technologies such as IEEE802.11 (such as
802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n etc.), World Interoperability for Microwave Access, WiMax (WiMAX) technology such as
IEEE802.16 and/or wireless personal domain network (WPAN) technology such as IEEE802.15, bluetooth (BT), ultra wide band (UWB) and/
Or similar techniques) in any technology.
It is appreciated that device as such as controller 20 may include the audio and logic function for implementing user equipment 10
Required circuit.It is arrived for example, controller 20 may include digital signal processor device, microprocessor device and various simulations
Digital quantizer, digital-to-analog converter and other support circuits.
In one embodiment, micro processor device is one piece of double frequency or multifrequency CPU.Startup mould based on user's selection
Formula, the double frequency or multifrequency CPU can be operated in corresponding frequency.In another embodiment, micro processor device is one piece
The higher host CPU of working frequency and the lower auxiliary CPU of one piece of working frequency.Start-up mode based on user's selection or the master
CPU works or the auxiliary CPU work.
The control of user equipment 10 and signal processing function are distributed according to their respective capabilities among these devices.
Therefore controller 20 can also include to carry out the work(of convolutional encoding and intertexture to message and data before modulation and transmission
Energy.Controller 20 can also include internal voice coder and may include internal data modem.In addition, controller
20 may include operating the function that can be stored in one or more software program in memory.For example, controller
20 can operable communication program, such as conventional web browsers.Connectivity program can then allow for such as root of user equipment 10
Web content is sent and received according to Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) and/or similar agreement, such as
Location-based content and/or other web page contents.
User equipment 10 can also include user interface, which include being all connected to the output of controller 20 to set
Standby such as regular headset or loud speaker 24, ringer 22, microphone 26, display 28 and user input equipment.User is allowed to set
The user input interface of standby 10 reception data may include that allow user equipment 10 to receive in the multiple equipments of data any sets
It is standby, such as input equipment (e.g., keypad) 30, touch display (not shown) and other input equipments.Including keypad 30
Embodiment in, keypad 30 may include conventional numeric (0-9) and have crucial (#, *) and for operating user equipment
10 other hardkeys and soft key.It replaces, keypad 30 may include conventional QWERTY keypad arrangement.Keypad 30 also may be used
To include the various soft keys with correlation function.Additionally or alternatively, user equipment 10 can also be set including interface
Standby such as control stick or other users input equipment.User equipment 10 further includes for being needed in order to operate user equipment 10
The power supply of various circuits and optionally provide battery 34 of the mechanical oscillation as detectable output, such as vibrating battery packet.
User equipment 10 can also include Subscriber Identity Module (UIM) 38.UIM38 is usually depositing with internal processor
Storage device.UIM38 can be for example including Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC), Universal Subscriber Identity
Module (USIM), detachable Subscriber Identity Module (R-UIM) etc..UIM38 is commonly stored cell related with mobile subscriber.In addition to
Except UIM38, mobile device 10 may be fitted with memory.For example, user equipment 10 may include volatile memory 40,
Such as include the volatile random access memory (RAM) of the cache area for temporarily storing data.User equipment 10
Can also include that can be embedded in and/or other demountable nonvolatile memories 42.Additionally or alternatively,
Nonvolatile memory 42 can also include electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory etc..Memory can be with
Any information and data in a plurality of information and data of the function that storage is used for implementing user equipment 10 by user equipment 10.Example
Such as, memory may include that can uniquely identify the identifier of user equipment 10, such as International Subscriber Device identifies (IMEI)
Code, and can also by the neighbor user devices of reception current time position and the current time and neighbouring device only
One mark associated storage.Specifically, memory can store the application program for being executed by controller 20, the controller is true
Determine the current location of user equipment 10.
User equipment 10 can also include the alignment sensor 36 communicated with controller 20, such as global positioning system
(GPS) module.Alignment sensor 36 can be for any device for being positioned into row location determination of user equipment 10, equipment
Or circuit.Alignment sensor 36 may include for all hardware for being positioned into row location determination to user equipment 10.It is standby
Selection of land or additionally, alignment sensor 36 can be executed to store for controller 20 using the memory devices of user equipment 10
Instruction, storage form are to determine the software needed for the position of user equipment 10.Although this exemplary alignment sensor 36 can
To be GPS module, but alignment sensor 36 may include or be alternatively implemented as example assisted global positioning system (auxiliary
GPS) sensor either the location client end assistant GPS sensor or location client end can it is such as aerial with the network equipment or
Person's ground transaucer is communicated to receive and/or send for determining the information used when the positioning of user equipment 10.With regard to this
For point, the positioning of user equipment 10 can also be true by GPS as described above, cell ID, signal triangulation or other mechanism
It is fixed.In an example embodiment, alignment sensor 36 includes pedometer or inertial sensor.In this way, alignment sensor
36 may be able to determine that user equipment 10 for example using the longitude of user equipment 10 and dimension direction and short transverse as reference
The position either positioning relative to reference point such as target point or starting point.Then the information that level sensor 36 can be made by oneself in the future passes
Send to user equipment 10 memory either another memory devices to be stored as position history or location information.In addition,
Alignment sensor 36 can using controller 20 come via 14/ 16 transmissions of receiver of transmitter/reception location information, such as
The positioning of user equipment 10.
It should be appreciated that the structure diagram described in Fig. 5 is shown for illustrative purposes only, it is not to the present invention
Limitation.In some cases, it can be added as needed on or reduce some of which equipment.
Given the specification of the present invention for the purpose for showing and describing, but its be not intended to it is exhaustive or
Person is limited to the invention of disclosed form.It may occur to persons skilled in the art that many modification and variation.Those skilled in the art
It should be appreciated that the method and apparatus in embodiment of the present invention can be realized with software, hardware, firmware or combinations thereof.
Therefore, embodiment is in order to better illustrate the principles of the present invention, practical application and makes people in the art
Other staff in member it will be appreciated that the following contents and select and describe, that is, without departing from the spirit of the invention, do
The all modifications and replacement gone out are fallen in the scope of the present invention that appended claims define.
Bibliography
3GPP TS36.211：″Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA)；
Physical channels and modulation″。
Claims (17)
1. a kind of channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering, including：
It executes and the preliminary channel of the least square of the reference signal of user equipment is estimated, and the preliminary channel is estimated to store
In reference signal memory；
Estimated based on the preliminary channel, it is in the block every for each physical resource in system bandwidth by sliding window method
A reference signal calculates dependent vector value, and will obtain the related phase with construction correlation matrix by sliding window method every time
It closes vector value and is added to accumulative register successively；
The exponent number of Wiener filter is determined based on the number being added to successively in the accumulative register；
The weighting coefficient of the Wiener filter is calculated according to the final dependent vector value stored in the accumulative register；
And
According to the exponent number and weighting coefficient of the Wiener filter, further executes and the wiener that the preliminary channel is estimated is filtered
Wave.
2. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein the calculating dependent vector value and be added to cumulative deposit
The step of reservoir includes：
When the unallocated reference signal on the Physical Resource Block, then will mark RaccFlag reset, reset it is currently stored
The write address of device is initial write address, then proceedes to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein the mark RaccFlag is used for
Whether determine can construct the current correlation matrix according to current sliding window.
3. according to claim 1-2 any one of them channel estimation methods, wherein the calculating dependent vector value and add up
Include to the step of accumulative register：
When being assigned with the reference signal on the Physical Resource Block, determine according to the preliminary channel in current sliding window
Estimation the current write address of calculated currently associated vector value whether reach first threshold, if reaching first threshold
Value will then store dependent vector value related with construction correlation matrix and be added to the accumulative register in current storage.
4. channel estimation methods according to claim 3, wherein：
The memory length of the current storage calculates exponent number by the maximum possible of the Wiener filter and determines, when described current
When being filled with the dependent vector value in memory successively, then the write address of current dependent vector value is reset back to and initially write ground
Location, and subsequent dependent vector value is stored successively.
5. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein：
The calculating dependent vector value and include working as according to pre-stored in inquiry table the step of be added to accumulative register
The dependent vector value of presumptive address in current storage is added to the accumulative register by the reading address in preceding memory.
6. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein：
The step of exponent number of the determining Wiener filter includes by determining time being added to successively in the accumulative register
Whether number judges more than second threshold.
7. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein the minimum two of the performed reference signal to user equipment
The preliminary channel estimation multiplied, and it is specially using pseudo- that preliminary channel estimation, which is stored in the step in reference signal memory,
Random scrambling code generator descrambles each reference signal and stores the reference signal after descrambling to reference signal memory.
8. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein estimate it in the preliminary channel for executing the least square
Before further include OFDM symbol for each reference signal comprising user equipment, RS reference signals are extracted from frequency domain data.
9. a kind of channel estimating apparatus based on Wiener filtering, including：
Reference signal memory；
The channel estimator of least square is configured as executing the preliminary channel of the least square to the reference signal of user equipment
Estimation, and preliminary channel estimation is stored in reference signal memory；
Dependent vector calculator is configured as being estimated based on the preliminary channel, is directed in system bandwidth by sliding window method
In each physical resource each reference signal in the block calculate dependent vector value, and will be obtained every time by sliding window method
Be added to accumulative register successively with the related dependent vector value of construction correlation matrix；
Accumulative register is configured for storage and is added to dependent vector value therein successively；
Weighting coefficient calculator is configured as determining Wiener filtering based on the number being added to successively in the accumulative register
The exponent number of device, and the Wiener filter is calculated based on the final dependent vector value stored in the accumulative register
Weighting coefficient；And
Wiener filter is configured as exponent number and weighting coefficient according to the Wiener filter, further executes to described first
Walk the Wiener filtering of channel estimation.
10. channel estimating apparatus according to claim 9, further includes：
Current storage is configured for storage and is estimated based on the preliminary channel, is directed in system band by sliding window method
The dependent vector value that each physical resource each reference signal in the block in width calculates.
11. channel estimating apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the dependent vector calculator is additionally configured to, when
On the Physical Resource Block when the unallocated reference signal, then it will indicate that RaccFlag resets, resets writing for current storage
Address be initial write address, then proceed to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein the mark RaccFlag for determination according to
The current correlation matrix whether can be constructed according to current sliding window.
12. channel estimating apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the dependent vector calculator is additionally configured to, when
When being assigned with the reference signal on the Physical Resource Block, determines and institute is estimated according to the preliminary channel in current sliding window
Whether the current write address of calculated currently associated vector value reaches first threshold, will if reaching the first threshold
The dependent vector value stored in current storage is added to the accumulative register.
13. channel estimating apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the memory length of the current storage is by the dimension
Receive filter maximum possible calculate exponent number determine, when being filled with the dependent vector value in the current storage successively, then
The write address of current dependent vector value is reset back into initial write address, and stores subsequent dependent vector value successively.
14. channel estimating apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the accumulative register is additionally configured to according to inquiry
The dependent vector value of presumptive address in current storage is added to institute by the reading address in table in pre-stored current storage
State accumulative register.
15. channel estimating apparatus according to claim 9, wherein：
The weighting coefficient calculator determines that the exponent number of Wiener filter further includes by determining that being added to described add up successively deposits
Whether number in reservoir judges more than second threshold.
16. channel estimating apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the channel estimator of the least square execute to
The preliminary channel of the least square of the reference signal of family equipment is estimated, and preliminary channel estimation is stored in reference signal and is deposited
It is embodied in reservoir and each reference signal is descrambled using pseudo-random scrambling code generator and deposits the reference signal after descrambling
Store up reference signal memory.
17. channel estimating apparatus according to claim 9, further includes, in the preliminary letter for executing the least square
For the OFDM symbol of each reference signal comprising user equipment before road estimation, RS reference signals are extracted from frequency domain data
Device.
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| CN105635015B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2019-06-14 | 联芯科技有限公司 | A kind of channel impulse response generation method and system |
| CN107809405B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2020-12-08 | 扬智科技股份有限公司 | Channel estimation method and circuit |
| CN111385230B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-03-14 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Channel estimation method and system based on wiener self-adaptation |
| CN113055318B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-06-14 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Channel estimation method |
| CN114389920B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-09-26 | 哲库科技(北京)有限公司 | Channel estimation result processing method, device, terminal and storage medium |
| CN115022131A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-06 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Wiener filter coefficient generation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115396055B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Channel prediction method and device |
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