CN103379058A - Channel estimation method based on Wiener filtering and device thereof - Google Patents
Channel estimation method based on Wiener filtering and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a channel estimation method based on Wiener filtering and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: executing least square primary channel estimation on a reference signal of user equipment; based on the initial channel estimation, successively adding related vector values which are related with a construction-related matrix which is obtained through a sliding window method to an adding memory through the sliding window method; determining the step of a Wiener wave filter; computing a weighting factor of the Wiener wave filter according to a final related vector value which is stored in the adding memory; and according to the step and weighting factor of the Wiener wave filter, further performing Wiener filtering on the initial channel estimation. The channel estimation method provided by the invention has the following advantages: technical difficulty reduction, high precision, and capability of adjusting the step of the Wiener wave filter in a self-adaptive manner.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the priority of the application 61/636,922 of U.S.'s submission on April 23rd, 2012, incorporates this application integral body into this paper as a reference at this.
Technical field
The embodiments of the present invention relate to the communications field, and relate more specifically to channel estimation methods and device based on Wiener filtering.
Background technology
As the LTE technology in 3G epoch behind the wireless network, compare the advantage of having more with 3G, such as having improved traffic rate, spectrum efficiency, downward compatible and reduced time-delay.MIMO is the basic technology in the LTE wireless communication system.As an important branch of multi-antenna technology, beam forming technique realizes having consisted of a kind of challenge to receiver.The channel estimating that is used for the beam forming pattern is a large challenge to the realization of subscriber equipment receiver.From the angle of channel estimation method prior information, the method for channel estimating can be divided into following three classes
(1) based on the estimation of reference signal, such algorithm is determined solve for parameter by certain estimation criterion, perhaps progressively follows the tracks of and adjust the estimated value of solve for parameter by some criterion.Being characterized in need to be by reference signal, i.e. pilot tone or training sequence;
(2) blind estimation, utilize modulation signal itself intrinsic, with irrelevant some features of concrete beared information bit, or adopt the method for decision-feedback to carry out the method for channel estimating;
(3) half-blindness is estimated, in conjunction with blind estimation and the channel estimation methods of estimating these two kinds of method advantages based on training sequence.
In general, it is more commonly used to carry out the method for channel estimating by reference signal.For the subscriber equipment receiver, the main difficulty of utilizing reference signal to carry out channel estimating in the prior art is that reference signal exists only on the Physical Resource Block (PRB) into user equipment allocation.Therefore, can not obtain equally distributed frequency reference signal pattern and carry out conversion to time domain, and can not obtain the impulse response in the time domain.
Therefore, need now a kind of novelty based on the simple of the reference signal of subscriber equipment but possess the channel estimation methods of accuracy.
Summary of the invention
But purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of channel estimation methods that reduces computational load degree adaptive wiener filter exponent number at least.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering, comprised execution to the preliminary channel estimating of the least square of the reference signal of subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating has been stored in the reference signal memory; Based on described preliminary channel estimating, calculate the dependent vector value by sliding window method for each reference signal in each Physical Resource Block in system bandwidth, and the dependent vector value relevant with the structure correlation matrix that at every turn obtains by sliding window method is added to accumulative register successively; Based on the exponent number that is added to successively number of times in the described accumulative register and determines Weiner filter; Calculate the weight coefficient of described Weiner filter according to the final dependent vector value of storing in the described accumulative register; And according to exponent number and the weight coefficient of described Weiner filter, further carry out the Wiener filtering to described preliminary channel estimating.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, described calculating dependent vector value and the step that is added to accumulative register comprise: when on the described Physical Resource Block during unallocated described reference signal, the write address that then will indicate RaccFlag zero clearing, replacement current storage is initial write address, then continue to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein said sign RaccFlag are used for determining whether can construct current described correlation matrix according to current sliding window.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, described calculating dependent vector value and the step that is added to accumulative register comprise: when having distributed described reference signal on the described Physical Resource Block, whether the current write address of determining the current dependent vector value that calculates according to the described preliminary channel estimating in the current sliding window reaches first threshold, if reach described first threshold, then the dependent vector value relevant with the structure correlation matrix of storing in the current storage is added to described accumulative register.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, the memory length of described current storage calculates exponent number by the maximum possible of described Weiner filter and determines, when being filled with successively described dependent vector value in the described current storage, the initial write address of then write address of current dependent vector value being reset back, and storage dependent vector value subsequently successively.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, described calculating dependent vector value and the step that is added to accumulative register comprise according to the address of reading in the current storage pre-stored in the question blank dependent vector value of presumptive address in the current storage are added to described accumulative register.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, the step of the exponent number of described definite Weiner filter comprises by the number of times of determining to be added to successively in the described accumulative register whether judging above Second Threshold.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, the preliminary channel estimating of the least square of performed reference signal to subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating is stored in step in the reference signal memory is specially and utilizes the pseudorandom scrambling code generator to store the reference signal memory into to each reference signal descrambling and with the reference signal behind the descrambling.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, before the preliminary channel estimating of carrying out described least square, also comprise the OFDM symbol that comprises the reference signal of subscriber equipment for each, from frequency domain data, extract the RS reference signal.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of channel estimating apparatus based on Wiener filtering, comprised the reference signal memory; The channel estimator of least square is configured to carry out the preliminary channel estimating to the least square of the reference signal of subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating is stored in the reference signal memory; The dependent vector calculator, be configured to based on described preliminary channel estimating, calculate the dependent vector value by sliding window method for each reference signal in each Physical Resource Block in system bandwidth, and the dependent vector value relevant with the structure correlation matrix that at every turn obtains by sliding window method is added to accumulative register successively; Accumulative register is arranged to storage and is added to successively wherein dependent vector value; The weight coefficient calculator, be configured to based on the exponent number that is added to successively number of times in the described accumulative register and determines Weiner filter, and the weight coefficient that calculates described Weiner filter based on the final dependent vector value of storing in the described accumulative register; And Weiner filter, be configured to exponent number and weight coefficient according to described Weiner filter, further carry out the Wiener filtering to described preliminary channel estimating.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, also comprise: current storage is arranged to storage based on described preliminary channel estimating, by the dependent vector value of sliding window method for each reference signal calculating in each Physical Resource Block in system bandwidth.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, described dependent vector calculator also is configured to, when on the described Physical Resource Block during unallocated described reference signal, the write address that then will indicate RaccFlag zero clearing, replacement current storage is initial write address, then continue to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein said sign RaccFlag are used for determining whether can construct current described correlation matrix according to current sliding window.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, described dependent vector calculator also is configured to, when having distributed described reference signal on the described Physical Resource Block, whether the current write address of determining the current dependent vector value that calculates according to the described preliminary channel estimating in the current sliding window reaches first threshold, if reach described first threshold, then the dependent vector value of storing in the current storage is added to described accumulative register.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, the memory length of described current storage calculates exponent number by the maximum possible of described Weiner filter and determines, when being filled with successively described dependent vector value in the described current storage, the initial write address of then write address of current dependent vector value being reset back, and storage dependent vector value subsequently successively.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, described accumulative register also is configured to according to the address of reading in the current storage pre-stored in the question blank dependent vector value of presumptive address in the current storage is added to described accumulative register.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, described weight coefficient calculator determines that the exponent number of Weiner filter comprises that also whether surpassing Second Threshold by definite number of times that is added to successively in the described accumulative register judges.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, the channel estimator of described least square is carried out the preliminary channel estimating to the least square of the reference signal of subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating is stored in to be embodied in the reference signal memory utilizes the pseudorandom scrambling code generator to store the reference signal memory into to each reference signal descrambling and with the reference signal behind the descrambling.
According to preferred implementation of the present invention, also comprise, be used for before the preliminary channel estimating of carrying out described least square, comprising the OFDM symbol of the reference signal of subscriber equipment for each, from frequency domain data, extract the device of RS reference signal.
Description of drawings
When the detailed description of reading by reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter exemplary embodiment, these and other purpose, feature and advantage will become apparent, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the structure chart based on the channel estimating of Wiener filtering according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows current dependent vector value and is written to schematic diagram (take five rank as example) in the Rcur memory 140;
Fig. 3 shows the output schematic diagram (take five rank as example) of the current dependent vector value in the Rcur memory;
Fig. 4 shows the flow chart based on the channel estimation methods of Wiener filtering of according to the present invention another preferred implementation; And
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram that comprises according to the subscriber equipment of the equipment that be used for to determine channel condition information of the embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment
Flow chart in the accompanying drawing and block diagram illustrate the device according to various embodiments of the invention, architectural framework in the cards, function and the operation of method and computer program product.In this, each square frame in flow chart or the block diagram can represent the part of module, program segment or a code, and the part of described module, program segment or code comprises the executable instruction of one or more logic functions for realizing regulation.Should be noted that also what the function that marks in the square frame also can be marked to be different from the accompanying drawing occurs in sequence in some realization as an alternative.For example, in fact the square frame that two adjoining lands represent can be carried out substantially concurrently, and they also can be carried out by opposite order sometimes, and this decides according to related function.Also be noted that, each square frame in block diagram and/or the flow chart and the combination of the square frame in block diagram and/or the flow chart, can realize with the hardware based system of the special use of the function that puts rules into practice or operation, perhaps can realize with the combination of specialized hardware and computer instruction.
As previously mentioned, the application provides a kind of channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering and device.To only describe various execution mode of the present invention in detail by exemplary approach now.
At first, for the more clear purpose of describing, Fig. 1 shows the structure chart based on the channel estimating of Wiener filtering according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.With reference to after the following discussion; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that; one or more modules in this structure chart can be omitted, integrated/as to merge in another module, be modified or replace; this structure chart only is structure chart according to this embodiment of the invention, never is intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.
As everyone knows, the system model of LTE can be expressed as:
Y
i＝X
iH
i+N
i (1)
Wherein i represents i subcarrier, and Y, X, H and N represent respectively to receive signal, transmitted signal, channel and noise.
As described in the background art, those skilled in the art utilize reference signal that channel H is estimated usually.
Be directed to the channel estimating of subscriber equipment, usually select the reference signal that is exclusively used in user equipment (UE).For the whole system bandwidth, it will comprise many Physical Resource Block PRB, and each Physical Resource Block may comprise a plurality of reference signals.Because reference signal is difficult in the channel estimating of time domain, therefore, those skilled in the art carry out relevant channel estimating usually in frequency domain.
Even if in frequency domain, carry out relevant channel estimating, as discussing in detail below, strategy of the present invention is to carry out first the channel estimating of simple least square (LS), and then carries out the Wiener filtering of self adaptation exponent number with the precision of raising channel estimating.The reason of doing like this is that when utilizing reference signal to carry out channel estimating if directly consider the impact of noise, such complexity also is difficult to accept.And for the channel estimating of LS, the channel frequency domain response of LS can be expressed as
H
LS＝X
-1Y (2)
As seen, the channel estimation calculation of this LS is simple, complexity is low and be easy to realization, is suitable as very much preliminary channel estimating.
The application introduces in connection with reference Fig. 1 and carries out several steps that the dedicated channel of UE is estimated.
Step 1, for the channel estimating 110 of carrying out LS, can consider first each to be contained the OFDM symbol of the reference signal that is exclusively used in UE, from frequency data, extract reference signal, then the reference signal that extracts is stored in the reference signal memory 120 (or RS memory) and uses in order to LS channel estimating 110.
Step 2; consider that transmitting terminal can carry out scrambling to signal usually in the prior art when transmitting; and the process of descrambling normally multiply by the conjugation that transmits through scrambling at receiving terminal; therefore, the LS channel estimating 120 about reference signal according to the present invention can be specially by utilizing pseudorandom scrambling code generator (or PN maker) that each reference signal is carried out descrambling and realize.The embodiment further according to the present invention can return reference signal memory 120 with the result of descrambling or the result store of LS channel estimating.The favourable part of doing like this is to have saved memory space.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that also be feasible with result store to other memory.
Step 3 is being calculated dependent vector 130 and current storage Rcur140 and accumulative register Racc150 place, and the application utilizes the method for sliding window, carries out following judgement and processing for each Physical Resource Block (or PRB) in the system bandwidth:
(1) if current PRB is not assigned with, then clear RaccFlag indicates that the write address RcurWriteAddr of replacement current storage Rcur140 is initial write address, then checks next PRB; Wherein said sign RaccFlag is used for determining whether can construct current correlation matrix according to current sliding window.For example, when sign RaccFlag=0, be illustrated in current sliding window and can not construct current correlation matrix, then this PRB is not carried out any operation, then check Next PRB.Do like this is because in the distribution of the Physical Resource Block of reality, upper layer software (applications) and unclear actually which Physical Resource Block have been assigned to UE, therefore in fact this step has got rid of the disabled Physical Resource Block for UE, thereby need not the channel on these disabled Physical Resource Block is carried out any estimation.
(2) if current PRB is assigned with, then to each the reference signal RS among the PRB, carry out the substep of the following:
A) based on initial channel estimation H corresponding to the reference signal of current sliding window
i, calculate the dependent vector value, wherein i represents i subchannel that relates to reference signal.The dependent vector value is stored in the Rcur memory 140; The start offset amount of Rcur memory 140 is initial write addresses of Rcur memory, and the memory length of this Rcur memory is disposed by MaxWnrLen, and wherein MaxWnrLen is determined by the maximum possible calculating exponent number of described Weiner filter.
Fig. 2 shows current dependent vector value and is written to schematic diagram (take five rank as example) in the Rcur memory 140.1. left hand view is illustrated in the Storage Mapping design in the Rcur memory 140, wherein
Namely represent the H in the sliding window
iAnd H
jThe product of conjugate transpose.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the current dependent vector that calculates by product such in sliding window, with current correlation matrix might can be constructed, as discussed below.
B) according to the design Storage of the application's Rcur memory, for the dependent vector Φ that calculates
I, j, the application preferably left hand view 1. in according to from top to bottom, from left to right order stores, namely according to Φ
0,0..., Φ
0,4, Φ
1,1..., Φ
3,7, Φ
4,4..., Φ
4,8Order store.At this moment RcurWriteAddr++ is arranged; If RcurWriteAddr=MaxWnrLen*MaxWnrLen then resets to the RcurWriteAddr of next dependent vector the initial write address of Rcur memory.
In order further to set forth b) replacement of step, 2. the middle graph of Fig. 2 shows the vector value Φ that newly is correlated with that calculates when sliding window slides
5,5..., Φ
5,8Storage in logic.As this middle graph 2. shown in, new relevant vector value Φ
5,5..., Φ
5,8If according to storage rule before, should sequentially be stored in Φ in logic
4,4..., Φ
4,8The right side of dependent vector, however according to the design Storage of the application's Rcur memory, maximum memory length will equal MaxWnrLen*MaxWnrLen.For example, the Weiner filter that calculates 5 rank for expectation among Fig. 2 is example, can make MaxWnrLen=5, and then the maximum storage length of Rcur memory will equal 5 * 5.That is to say, if relevant sliding window slides into H
5The time, according to the application's Rcur design Storage, the dependent vector value Φ that then newly calculates
5,5..., Φ
5,8When above-mentioned replacement, in fact it should sequentially store Φ into
0,0..., Φ
0,4Corresponding write address namely covers the Φ of original storage at the Rcur memory
0,0..., Φ
0,4, disclose such as the actual storage of the right part of flg Rcur memory 3. of Fig. 2.Why so doing, is because when sliding window slides in turn, has not needed the Φ of original storage
0,0..., Φ
0,4Constructed new correlation matrix.So, along with sliding window slides, the new dependent vector value of ground storage that the rest may be inferred.
C) in fact, in the process of RcurWriteAddr++, if RcurWriteAddr has reached first threshold Th1, then enable the RaccFlag sign.For example make RaccFlag=1, this indicates the correlation matrix that can make new advances according to current dependent vector value structure.Here, first threshold Th1 can be arranged to WnrLen*MaxWnrLen-1, and wherein WnrLen is the exponent number that is less than or equal to MaxWnrLen.For example when MaxWnrLen=5, WnrLen can get 3,4,5 etc., preferably gets 3,5.In other words, this WnrLen is adjustable or adaptive in channel estimation methods process according to the present invention, and also namely causing this first threshold is adjustable or adaptive in the computational process of correlation matrix.As below will further discussing, for example when the coefficient of the Weiner filter that can not calculate 5 rank of the dependent vector of finding to calculate according to reference signal, then can have to take the second best, ask for example coefficient of the Weiner filter on 3 rank.Can be set to 3 by WnrLen this moment, further according to this WnrLen, this first threshold is set.Certainly, the setting that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that above-mentioned value about MaxWnrLen and WnrLen also can be other exponent number.
D) if RaccFlag is labeled or is available, then from the Rcur memory crawl dependent vector Value Data relevant with the structure correlation matrix, and with data accumulation in accumulative register Racc.Here, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the correlation matrix that will make up is the conjugation symmetrical matrix, therefore only need by obtaining a half data of this conjugation symmetrical matrix, can further make up this conjugation symmetrical matrix.Particularly, in the present embodiment, the dependent vector value of the upper triangle of the left hand view of Fig. 2 in 1. (the i.e. Φ of the 1st row for example
0,0..., Φ
0,4, the 2nd row Φ
1,1..., Φ
Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, the 3rd row Φ
2,2..., Φ
2,4, the 4th row Φ
3,3..., Φ
3,4, the 5th row Φ
4,4), namely corresponding to one side of something of the conjugation symmetrical matrix that will make up.When but RaccFlag is labeled or the time spent, the dependent vector value of being somebody's turn to do upper triangle can be added to accumulative register 150.Along with the movement of sliding window, when sliding into corresponding to 3. position of the right part of flg of Fig. 2, then will be the Φ of the 1st row for example
5,5, the 2nd row Φ
1,1..., Φ
1,5, the 3rd row Φ
2,2..., Φ
2,5, the 4th row Φ
3,3..., Φ
3,5, the 5th row Φ
4,4..., Φ
4,5) store in the Racc memory of dependent vector value before being added to.
How to output to accumulative register Racc from the Rcur memory in order more to clearly illustrate, Fig. 3 shows the output schematic diagram (take five rank as example) of the current dependent vector value in the Rcur memory.The structure of the Rcur memory among Fig. 3 is identical with Fig. 2 in fact, and in order more to clearly illustrate this output, the application is in tilted layout the storage organization of Rcur memory.The initial expression position that begins to export wherein.Indicated according to the logic diagram 2. of the middle graph among Fig. 3, Rcur memory 150 is with Φ
1,1..., Φ
1,5, Φ
2,2..., Φ
2,5, Φ
3,3..., Φ
3,5, Φ
4,4..., Φ
4,5, Φ
5,5The dependent vector data accumulation to Racc accumulative register 160.And these dependent vector data are used for consisting of new conjugation symmetrical matrix equally.In practical operation, the address RcurReadAddr that reads of Rcur memory is stored in advance in the question blank, reads according to this in the Racc memory that the address is corresponding reads the dependent vector relevant with making up above-mentioned correlation matrix.In the Racc memory, according to the setting of this embodiment, the write address RaccWriteAddr of Racc memory is sequential storage.
Art technology is appreciated that, top Rcur memory 140 and Racc memory 150 write and/or reading manner only is example, and those skilled in the art can adopt writing with reading manner of other to obtain the dependent vector relevant with making up above-mentioned correlation matrix.
In addition, by writing of top storage and discussing in detail of reading manner, those skilled in the art can find, when obtaining the dependent vector relevant with the correlation matrix that makes up high-order (for example 5 rank), obtained in fact simultaneously the dependent vector relevant with the correlation matrix (for example 3 rank) that makes up low order.This means that the present invention can advantageously make up the correlation matrix of two kinds even more kinds of different ranks simultaneously.Be steps d) also support the low order correlation matrix is stored in the low order Racc memory.
Step 4 determines whether the cumulative number of times of matrix of certain exponent number in Racc memory 150 surpasses Second Threshold, if surpass this Second Threshold, determines thus the Weiner filter exponent number.This Second Threshold is relevant with whole system, for example can determine this Second Threshold by system emulation in operation.If can not obtain the Weiner filter of high-order, method and apparatus of the present invention can be had to take the second best, and obtains the Weiner filter of low order.Why doing like this is because if the number deficiency of the matrix of cumulative certain exponent number, can not guarantee the precision of wiener filter coefficients.
In step 5, use the value of storage in the Racc memory 150 to estimate wiener filter coefficients.
In step 6, according to the wiener filter coefficients that obtains, utilize the Weiner filter 170 further Wiener filterings of carrying out reference signal of frequency domain.Thereby obtain more accurate channel estimating.
Channel estimation methods according to the present invention has plurality of advantages.
The first, it provides significant channel estimating performance gain in the specific reference signal mode of LTE subscriber equipment.By means of Weiner filter, it is by carrying out smoothly producing significant gain to reference signal in frequency mode.
The second, can calculate simultaneously two not correlation matrixes of same order.Multiplexed by computing unit is carried out, realized low delay and low computation complexity.
The 3rd, by judging the number of specifying correlation matrix cumulative in the rank, can automatically adjust the Weiner filter exponent number.
Fig. 4 shows the flow chart based on the channel estimation methods of Wiener filtering of according to the present invention another preferred implementation.Step is from S401.
Step S410 carries out the preliminary channel estimating to the least square of the reference signal of subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating is stored in the reference signal memory;
In fact, before the preliminary channel estimating of carrying out described least square, this method can also preferably include the OFDM symbol that comprises the reference signal of subscriber equipment for each, extracts the RS reference signal and use in order to the preliminary channel estimating of least square from frequency domain data.The mode of extracting the RS reference signal from frequency domain data that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other also is feasible.
In addition, when implementing this step of the application, in an example, can be preferably by utilizing the pseudorandom scrambling code generator to each reference signal descrambling and storing the reference signal behind the descrambling into the reference signal memory and realize.
Step S420, based on described preliminary channel estimating, calculate the dependent vector value by sliding window method for each reference signal in each Physical Resource Block in system bandwidth, and the dependent vector value relevant with the structure correlation matrix that at every turn obtains by sliding window method is added to accumulative register successively;
In this step, particularly, when on the described Physical Resource Block during unallocated described reference signal, the write address that then will indicate RaccFlag zero clearing, replacement current storage is initial write address, then continue to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein said sign RaccFlag are used for determining whether can construct current described correlation matrix according to current sliding window.
When having distributed described reference signal on the described Physical Resource Block, whether the current write address of determining the current dependent vector value that calculates according to the described preliminary channel estimating in the current sliding window reaches first threshold, if reach described first threshold, then the dependent vector value relevant with the structure correlation matrix of storing in the current storage is added to described accumulative register.
Wherein, the memory length of current storage calculates exponent number by the maximum possible of described Weiner filter and determines, when being filled with successively described dependent vector value in the described current storage, the initial write address of then write address of current dependent vector value being reset back, and storage dependent vector value subsequently successively.
Wherein, this step also comprises according to the address of reading in the current storage pre-stored in the question blank dependent vector value of presumptive address in the current storage is added to described accumulative register.
Step S430 is based on the exponent number that is added to successively number of times in the described accumulative register and determines Weiner filter.
In an example, can preferably whether judge above Second Threshold by the number of times of determining to be added to successively in the described accumulative register, thus the exponent number of definite Weiner filter.
Step S440 calculates the weight coefficient of described Weiner filter according to the final dependent vector value of storing in the described accumulative register; And
Step S450 according to exponent number and the weight coefficient of described Weiner filter, further carries out the Wiener filtering to described preliminary channel estimating.
The operating principle of this step S440 and step S450 is those skilled in the art to be known, so repeat no more.
Step S460 finishes.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram that comprises according to the subscriber equipment of the equipment that be used for to determine channel condition information of the embodiments of the present invention.
Should be appreciated that as shown in Figure 5 and mobile phone hereinafter described only is the example of the class subscriber equipment that will be benefited from exemplary embodiment of the invention, and be not used for limiting the scope of exemplary embodiment of the invention.Although illustrate the execution mode of subscriber equipment 10 for giving an example purpose, for example the voice of the subscriber equipment of the other types of any combination of portable digital assistant (PDA), beep-pager, mobile TV, game station, laptop computer, camera, video tape recorder, audio/video player, broadcast receiver, GPS equipment or aforementioned means and so on and other types and text communication system can easily use illustrative embodiments of the present invention.
In addition, although subscriber equipment 10 can use a plurality of execution modes of the inventive method, the device except subscriber equipment also can use the method according to exemplary embodiment of the invention.In addition, although mainly combine the method and apparatus that mobile communication application has been described exemplary embodiment of the invention, but, should be appreciated that and can in mobile communications industry and beyond mobile communications industry, should be used for utilizing the method and apparatus of exemplary embodiment of the invention in conjunction with various other.
But subscriber equipment 10 can comprise the antenna 12 (perhaps a plurality of antennas) with reflector 14 and receiver 16 operation communications.Subscriber equipment 10 can also comprise respectively to reflector 14 to be provided signal and receives the device of signals, for example controller 20 or other processing units from receiver 16.Signal comprises the signaling information according to the applicable cellular system air-interface standard, also comprises the data of user speech, reception and/or the data that generated by the user.In this regard, subscriber equipment 10 can utilize one or more air-interface standard, communication protocol, modulation type and access style to operate.For example, subscriber equipment 10 can operate according to any communication protocol in the communication protocols such as a plurality of first generation, the second generation, the third generation and/or the 4th generation.For example, subscriber equipment 10 can be according to the second generation (2G) wireless communication protocol IS-136 (time division multiple access (TDMA)), GSM (global system for mobile communications) and IS-95 (code division multiple access (CDMA)) or according to for example Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), CDMA2000, the third generation (3G) wireless communication protocol that wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and time-division-synchronization CDMA (TD-SCDMA) are such, according to the 3.9th generation (3.9G) wireless communication protocol such as evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), according to the 4th generation (4G) wireless communication protocol etc. operate.Replace (perhaps in addition), subscriber equipment 10 can operate according to non-cellular communication mechanisms.For example, subscriber equipment 10 can be communicated by letter in WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN) or other communication networks.In addition, subscriber equipment 10 can for example be communicated by letter according to following technology, and these technology are such as being any technology in radio frequency (RF), infrared ray (IrDA) or a plurality of different radio networking technology (comprising WLAN technology such as IEEE802.11 (such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n etc.), World Interoperability for Microwave Access, WiMax (WiMAX) technology such as IEEE802.16 and/or wireless personal domain network (WPAN) technology such as IEEE802.15, bluetooth (BT), ultra broadband (UWB) and/or similar techniques).
Be appreciated that for example controller 20 such devices can comprise audio frequency and the required circuit of logic function of implementing subscriber equipment 10.For example, controller 20 can comprise digital signal processor device, micro processor device and various AD converter, digital-to-analog converter and other support circuit.
In one embodiment, micro processor device is one piece of double frequency or multifrequency CPU.Based on the start-up mode of user selection, this double frequency or multifrequency CPU can be operated on the corresponding frequency.In another embodiment, micro processor device is one piece of host CPU and one piece of auxiliary CPU that operating frequency is lower that operating frequency is higher.Based on the start-up mode of user selection, perhaps this host CPU work, perhaps this auxiliary CPU work.
The control of subscriber equipment 10 and the signal processing function respective capabilities according to them between these equipment is distributed.Therefore controller 20 also can comprise in order to before modulation and transmission message and data are carried out convolutional encoding and the function that interweaves.Controller 20 can also comprise internal voice coder and can comprise internal data modem.In addition, controller 20 can comprise the function that can be stored in one or more software program in the memory in order to operation.For example, controller 20 can operable communication program, for example conventional Web browser.Then connectivity program can allow subscriber equipment 10 for example to come the sending and receiving web content according to WAP (wireless application protocol) (WAP), HTTP (HTTP) and/or similar agreement, for example location-based content and/or other web page contents.
Subscriber equipment 10 can also comprise Subscriber Identity Module (UIM) 38.UIM38 is generally the memory devices with internal processor.UIM38 can be such as comprising Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC), universal subscriber identity module (USIM), detachable Subscriber Identity Module (R-UIM) etc.UIM38 is the storage cell relevant with the mobile subscriber usually.Except UIM38, mobile device 10 can also be equipped with memory.For example, subscriber equipment 10 can comprise volatile memory 40, for example comprises the volatile random access memory (RAM) for the cache area of temporary transient storage data.Subscriber equipment 10 also can comprise and can embed and/or demountable other nonvolatile memories 42.In addition or the ground that replaces, nonvolatile memory 42 can also comprise Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory etc.Memory can be stored by subscriber equipment 10 and be used for implementing many information of function of subscriber equipment 10 and any information and the data in the data.For example, memory can comprise the uniquely identifier of identifying user equipment 10, for example international member device identification (IMEI) code, and can be with the current time position of the neighboring user equipment that receives and this current moment unique identification association store with neighbouring device.Particularly, memory can be stored the application program of carrying out for by controller 20, and this controller is determined the current location of subscriber equipment 10.
Subscriber equipment 10 can also comprise the alignment sensor 36 of communicating by letter with controller 20, for example global positioning system (GPS) module.Alignment sensor 36 can be for any device, equipment or the circuit that the location of subscriber equipment 10 are carried out location positioning.Alignment sensor 36 can comprise for all hardware that the location of subscriber equipment 10 is carried out location positioning.Alternatively or additionally, alignment sensor 36 can utilize the memory devices of subscriber equipment 10 to store the instruction of carrying out for controller 20, and its file layout is to determine the required software in position of subscriber equipment 10.Although the alignment sensor 36 of this example can be the GPS module, but alignment sensor 36 can comprise or alternatively be embodied as for example agps system (assistant GPS) transducer or positioning client terminal, and this assistant GPS transducer or positioning client terminal can communicate by letter to receive and/or send the information of using for when determining the location of subscriber equipment 10 with the network equipment such as aerial or ground transaucer.In this regard, the location of subscriber equipment 10 also can be by GPS, residential quarter ID, signal triangulation or other mechanism are determined as mentioned above.In an example embodiment, alignment sensor 36 comprises pedometer or inertial sensor.Like this, alignment sensor 36 can be determined for example position take the longitude of subscriber equipment 10 and dimension direction and short transverse as reference or with respect to the location of reference point such as impact point or starting point of subscriber equipment 10.Then in the future the information of self-align transducer 36 is sent to memory or another memory devices of subscriber equipment 10, in order to be stored as position history or positional information.In addition, alignment sensor 36 can utilize controller 20 via reflector 14/ receiver 16 sending/receiving positional informations, for example location of subscriber equipment 10.
Should be appreciated that the described structured flowchart of Fig. 5 illustrates just to the purpose of example, is not to be limitation of the present invention.In some cases, can add as required or reduce wherein some equipment.
Provided specification of the present invention for the purpose that illustrates and describe, but itself and be not intended to and be exhaustive or be limited to the invention of disclosed form.It may occur to persons skilled in the art that a lot of modifications and variant.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the method and apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention can be with software, hardware, firmware or its combination realization.
Therefore; execution mode is for principle of the present invention, practical application being described better and making other staff among those skilled in the art can understand following content and select and describe; namely; under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, all modifications of making and replacement all will fall in the protection range of the present invention of claims definition.
List of references
3GPP TS36.211：″Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA)；Physical channels and modulation″。
Claims (17)
1. channel estimation methods based on Wiener filtering comprises:
Execution is to the preliminary channel estimating of the least square of the reference signal of subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating is stored in the reference signal memory;
Based on described preliminary channel estimating, calculate the dependent vector value by sliding window method for each reference signal in each Physical Resource Block in system bandwidth, and the dependent vector value relevant with the structure correlation matrix that at every turn obtains by sliding window method is added to accumulative register successively;
Based on the exponent number that is added to successively number of times in the described accumulative register and determines Weiner filter;
Calculate the weight coefficient of described Weiner filter according to the final dependent vector value of storing in the described accumulative register; And
According to exponent number and the weight coefficient of described Weiner filter, further carry out the Wiener filtering to described preliminary channel estimating.
2. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein, described calculating dependent vector value and the step that is added to accumulative register comprise:
When on the described Physical Resource Block during unallocated described reference signal, the write address that then will indicate RaccFlag zero clearing, replacement current storage is initial write address, then continue to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein said sign RaccFlag are used for determining whether can construct current described correlation matrix according to current sliding window.
3. each described channel estimation methods according to claim 1-2, wherein, described calculating dependent vector value and the step that is added to accumulative register comprise:
When having distributed described reference signal on the described Physical Resource Block, whether the current write address of determining the current dependent vector value that calculates according to the described preliminary channel estimating in the current sliding window reaches first threshold, if reach described first threshold, then the dependent vector value relevant with the structure correlation matrix of storing in the current storage is added to described accumulative register.
4. channel estimation methods according to claim 3, wherein:
The memory length of described current storage calculates exponent number by the maximum possible of described Weiner filter and determines, when being filled with successively described dependent vector value in the described current storage, the initial write address of then write address of current dependent vector value being reset back, and storage dependent vector value subsequently successively.
5. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein:
Described calculating dependent vector value and the step that is added to accumulative register comprise according to the address of reading in the current storage pre-stored in the question blank dependent vector value of presumptive address in the current storage are added to described accumulative register.
6. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein:
The step of the exponent number of described definite Weiner filter comprises by the number of times of determining to be added to successively in the described accumulative register whether judging above Second Threshold.
7. channel estimation methods according to claim 1, wherein, the preliminary channel estimating of the least square of performed reference signal to subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating is stored in step in the reference signal memory is specially and utilizes the pseudorandom scrambling code generator to store the reference signal memory into to each reference signal descrambling and with the reference signal behind the descrambling.
8. channel estimation methods according to claim 1 wherein, also comprised the OFDM symbol that comprises the reference signal of subscriber equipment for each before the preliminary channel estimating of carrying out described least square, extracted the RS reference signal from frequency domain data.
9. channel estimating apparatus based on Wiener filtering comprises:
The reference signal memory;
The channel estimator of least square is configured to carry out the preliminary channel estimating to the least square of the reference signal of subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating is stored in the reference signal memory;
The dependent vector calculator, be configured to based on described preliminary channel estimating, calculate the dependent vector value by sliding window method for each reference signal in each Physical Resource Block in system bandwidth, and the dependent vector value relevant with the structure correlation matrix that at every turn obtains by sliding window method is added to accumulative register successively;
Accumulative register is arranged to storage and is added to successively wherein dependent vector value;
The weight coefficient calculator, be configured to based on the exponent number that is added to successively number of times in the described accumulative register and determines Weiner filter, and the weight coefficient that calculates described Weiner filter based on the final dependent vector value of storing in the described accumulative register; And
Weiner filter is configured to exponent number and weight coefficient according to described Weiner filter, further carries out the Wiener filtering to described preliminary channel estimating.
10. channel estimation system according to claim 9 also comprises:
Current storage is arranged to storage based on described preliminary channel estimating, by the dependent vector value of sliding window method for each reference signal calculating in each Physical Resource Block in system bandwidth.
11. channel estimation system according to claim 10, wherein, described dependent vector calculator also is configured to, when on the described Physical Resource Block during unallocated described reference signal, the write address that then will indicate RaccFlag zero clearing, replacement current storage is initial write address, then continue to check next Physical Resource Block, wherein said sign RaccFlag are used for determining whether can construct current described correlation matrix according to current sliding window.
12. channel estimation system according to claim 10, wherein, described dependent vector calculator also is configured to, when having distributed described reference signal on the described Physical Resource Block, whether the current write address of determining the current dependent vector value that calculates according to the described preliminary channel estimating in the current sliding window reaches first threshold, if reach described first threshold, then the dependent vector value of storing in the current storage is added to described accumulative register.
13. channel estimation system according to claim 10, wherein, the memory length of described current storage calculates exponent number by the maximum possible of described Weiner filter and determines, when being filled with successively described dependent vector value in the described current storage, the initial write address of then write address of current dependent vector value being reset back, and storage dependent vector value subsequently successively.
14. channel estimation system according to claim 10, wherein, described accumulative register also is configured to according to the address of reading in the current storage pre-stored in the question blank dependent vector value of presumptive address in the current storage is added to described accumulative register.
15. channel estimation system according to claim 9, wherein:
Described weight coefficient calculator determines that the exponent number of Weiner filter comprises that also whether surpassing Second Threshold by definite number of times that is added to successively in the described accumulative register judges.
16. channel estimation system according to claim 9, wherein, the channel estimator of described least square is carried out the preliminary channel estimating to the least square of the reference signal of subscriber equipment, and described preliminary channel estimating is stored in to be embodied in the reference signal memory utilizes the pseudorandom scrambling code generator to store the reference signal memory into to each reference signal descrambling and with the reference signal behind the descrambling.
17. channel estimation system according to claim 9 also comprises, is used for comprising the OFDM symbol of the reference signal of subscriber equipment for each before the preliminary channel estimating of carrying out described least square, extracts the device of RS reference signal from frequency domain data.
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