CN103376750B - Door switch control circuit and use its dryer - Google Patents
Door switch control circuit and use its dryer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103376750B CN103376750B CN201210120938.8A CN201210120938A CN103376750B CN 103376750 B CN103376750 B CN 103376750B CN 201210120938 A CN201210120938 A CN 201210120938A CN 103376750 B CN103376750 B CN 103376750B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of door switch control circuit, comprising: door switch, be series on main line, disconnect accordingly for the on off state with gate and close; Relay, comprises the drive coil be series on main line and the gauge tap be series on outside line, is communicated with for controlling outside line when main line is energized; Start button, for when described door switch is closed and main line disconnects, generates and start trigger pip; Door switch detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described door switch and closure state and providing corresponding door opening and closing state signal; Control module, is series on institute's main line, for realizing the break-make of institute's junction main line according to described door opening and closing state signal; Self-sustaining unit, is series on described main line, for being communicated with described main line and keeping described connected state after receiving startup trigger pip.The invention also discloses a kind of dryer using foregoing circuit.Cost of the present invention is low, security is high, good reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit devcie technical field, particularly relate to a kind of door switch control circuit and use its dryer.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, existing dryer generally comprises: casing 100, forms external structure; Cylinder 102, being arranged on will by the washed clothing of drying for holding in casing 100; Heating tube 120, is fed in cylinder 102 for generation of hot-air; Air-blaster, the power circulated for generation of making hot-air; Have a gate 124 above at cylinder 102, when gate 124 is closed, have a switchgear to be pressed, controller can be detected, and gate 124 is shut, thus the drive motor of head roll 102 and air-blaster work could run.
In complete machine running, if accidentally open gate, need the power supply cutting off the parts such as drive motor at once, in order to avoid damage user, therefore this just needs the function realizing cutting off when gate is opened motor power by control circuit.Common way increases door switch at gate place, and the power supply of drive motor controls through door switch, and when gate is opened, drive motor power supply is corresponding cut-off.
As shown in Figure 2, common way is, use the control end Relay2s of the second relay to control the operation of drive motor, and the power supply of the drive coil Relay2l of the second relay controls break-make by door switch Door Switch; The power supply of the drive coil Relay11 of the first relay also controls break-make by door switch Door Switch, and it is in parallel that its control end Relay1s and dryer start button Start.After gate is shut, press and start button Start, the drive coil Relay11 of the first relay obtains electric rear control end Relay1s and closes, and startup button Start short circuit is fallen; Simultaneously the drive coil Relay2l of the second relay also electric, its control end Relay2s is closed, controls drive motor rotation.Because starting button Start by the control end Relay1s short circuit of the first relay, therefore, after startup button Start lifts, the control end of the first and second relays continues to be kept closed, and does not affect the normal rotation of drive motor; And when gate is opened, door switch Door Switch disconnects, drive coil all power-off of the first and second relays, thus drive motor stops operating, even if it is also invalid now to press startup button Start, thus serves the effect of protection.
Because drive motor power is usually comparatively large, this way requires that the door switch installed must allow by larger current and can tolerate high voltage, like this for whole machine installation and cost requirement higher, and use the cost of two relays also higher.
In addition, for the dryer having electronic controller, when door switch is opened, press and start after button without any action; When door switch is closed, when the first relay is again pressed after the short circuit of startup button being fallen and started button, also can not there is any reaction, therefore cannot detect in above-mentioned two situations and start whether pressing of button.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of door switch control circuit and use its dryer, ensure the safe operation of machine.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problem, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of door switch control circuit, comprising:
Door switch, is series on main line, disconnects accordingly and close for the on off state with gate;
Relay, comprises the drive coil be series on main line and the gauge tap be series on outside line, is communicated with for controlling outside line when main line is energized;
Start button, for when described door switch is closed and main line disconnects, generates after closed and start trigger pip;
Door switch detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described door switch and closure state and providing corresponding door opening and closing state signal;
Control module, is series on institute's main line, for realizing the break-make of institute's junction main line according to described door opening and closing state signal;
Self-sustaining unit, is series on described main line, for being communicated with described main line and keeping described connected state after receiving startup trigger pip.
Preferably, also comprise and start button detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described startup button and closure state and providing startup key state signal.
Preferably, described door switch control circuit comprises at least two door switch detecting units, and each door switch detecting unit respectively sends corresponding door opening and closing state signal; Described control module realizes the break-make of institute's junction main line according to the door opening and closing state signal that all door switch detecting units send.
Preferably, described door switch detecting unit comprises:
One NPN triode, base stage is electrically connected with described door switch one end away from power supply, grounded emitter, and collector is connected with power electric;
First resistance, between the base stage being connected in parallel on a described NPN triode and emitter;
Door opening and closing state signal output part, is electrically connected with the collector of a described NPN triode.
Preferably, described control module comprises: the 2nd NPN triode, collector and emitter is connected in described main line, and base stage is electrically connected with control signal input end, and described control signal input end is for accessing the control signal generated according to described door opening and closing state signal.
Preferably, described self-sustaining unit comprises:
PNP triode, emitter and collector is connected on described main line;
3rd NPN triode, grounded emitter, collector is connected after the second resistance and the 3rd resistance and is electrically connected with door switch one end away from power supply, is electrically connected after base series the 4th resistance and the 5th resistance with the collector of described PNP triode;
6th resistance, one end is electrically connected with the base stage of described 3rd NPN triode, other end ground connection;
Wherein, the base stage of described PNP triode is connected electrically between described second resistance and the 3rd resistance; Described startup trigger pip inputs by between the described 4th and the 5th resistance.
Preferably, described startup button one end is connected electrically between described 4th resistance and the 5th resistance by the first electric capacity, and the other end connects power supply, and one end of the 8th resistance is connected electrically between described startup button and the first electric capacity, other end ground connection.
Preferably, described startup button detecting unit comprises:
Start key state signal output terminal, for exporting described startup key state signal;
7th resistance, one end is electrically connected with described startup button one end away from power supply, and the other end is electrically connected with described startup key state signal output terminal;
Second electric capacity, one end is electrically connected with described startup key state signal output terminal, other end ground connection.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of dryer, comprising: casing, gate and drive motor, comprise the door switch control circuit of technique scheme in addition, described door switch is located between described gate and casing, and described drive motor is series on described outside line;
Microcontroller, for receiving the door opening and closing state signal that described door switch control circuit generates, and produces the control signal of corresponding display and the described control module of driving;
Display unit, for showing according to the state of described display to described door switch.
Preferably, described microcontroller receive institute starts key state signal and the display of generation correspondence to display unit, described display unit also for starting the state of button according to shown Signal aspects.
Certainly, except above-mentioned dryer, the present invention can also be applied on other machine be applicable to, such as washing machine etc.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention also can ensure the security of complete machine when using light current door switch; The present invention, while guarantee safety, makes the startup detection of key-press status and the detection of door opening and closing state normally be carried out; And by display unit, when gate is opened, point out user in time, easy to use;
The present invention can be detected by two-way or more road state of door switch detecting unit to door switch, adds the reliability of circuit;
The present invention uses electric capacity will start button and self-hold circuit is isolated, and makes to start button and can trigger self-sustaining unit, and once no longer affect self-sustaining unit after triggering;
The present invention uses the devices such as the triode of low cost to achieve the control of drive motor, reduces cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art dryer;
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of prior art door switch control circuit;
Fig. 3 is the theory structure block diagram of the door switch control circuit of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the door switch control circuit of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the theory structure block diagram of the dryer of the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 100: casing; 102: cylinder; 120: heating tube; 124: gate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, that the present invention is described in detail is as follows.
Embodiment one:
A kind of door switch control circuit, comprising:
Door switch, is series on main line, disconnects accordingly and close for the on off state with gate;
Relay, comprises the drive coil be series on main line and the gauge tap be series on outside line, is communicated with for controlling outside line when main line is energized;
Start button, for when described door switch is closed and main line disconnects, generates after closed and start trigger pip;
Door switch detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described door switch and closure state and providing corresponding door opening and closing state signal;
Control module, is series on institute's main line, for realizing the break-make of institute's junction main line according to described door opening and closing state signal;
Self-sustaining unit, is series on described main line, for being communicated with described main line and keeping described connected state after receiving startup trigger pip.
When door switch closes, door switch detecting unit sends door opening and closing state signal control module is communicated with, now press and start button generation startup trigger pip, self-sustaining unit is communicated with described main line according to shown startup trigger pip and keeps described connected state, thus the door switch that main line is connected, self-sustaining unit are all communicated with control module, make generation current on main line, the drive coil of relay obtains electric, and the gauge tap of relay closes, and finally makes outside line conducting.When door switch is opened, control module also not conducting, main line disconnects, and relay is failure to actuate, and outside line disconnects.Therefore, the door switch control circuit of the present embodiment is more safe and reliable.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment and embodiment one similar, difference is, the present embodiment also comprises and starts button detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described startup button and closure state and providing startup key state signal.User is opened at door switch or closes at door switch and under the prerequisite of self-hold circuit self-sustaining conducting, also can obtain the disconnection and closure state, the more safe ready that start button.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment and embodiment one similar, difference is that the control circuit of door switch described in the present embodiment comprises at least two door switch detecting units, and each door switch detecting unit respectively sends corresponding door opening and closing state signal; Described control module realizes the break-make of institute's junction main line according to the door opening and closing state signal that all door switch detecting units send.The present embodiment is detected by the state of at least two door switch detecting units to door switch, improves the reliability of detection, the break-make of main line is controlled safer.
Embodiment four:
As shown in Figure 3, the present embodiment describes a kind of door switch control circuit, comprising: door switch S1, be series on main line, disconnect accordingly for the on off state with gate and close, that is: when gate is opened, described door switch S1 disconnects, and when gate is closed, described door switch S1 closes;
Relay R elay, comprises the drive coil be series on main line and the gauge tap K1 be series on outside line, is communicated with for controlling outside line when main line is energized; In the present embodiment, described outside line is in series with drive motor;
Start button SW1, for when described door switch S1 is closed and main line disconnects, generates after closed and start trigger pip;
Door switch detecting unit, described door switch detecting unit is two, distributes for detecting the disconnection of described door switch S1 and closure state and providing corresponding door opening and closing state signal; Control module, be series on institute's main line, the door opening and closing state signal for sending according to all door switch detecting units realizes the break-make of institute's junction main line; In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, the door opening and closing state signal of described door switch detecting unit realizes the control to described control module by microcontroller, in other embodiments of the invention, other device (as Sheffer stroke gate device etc.) can also be passed through and realize the control of door opening and closing state signal to control module;
Self-sustaining unit, is series on described main line, for being communicated with described main line and keeping described connected state after receiving startup trigger pip;
Start button detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described startup button and closure state and providing startup key state signal.
As shown in Figure 4, concrete, in the present embodiment:
Described door switch S1 mono-termination power 12V;
Described door switch detecting unit comprises:
One NPN triode N3, N4, base series the tenth resistance R12, R19 and the 11 resistance R14, R20 is electrically connected with the other end of described door switch S1, grounded emitter, meets power supply+5V after collector series connection the 9th resistance R15, R22;
First resistance R13, R21, between the base stage being connected in parallel on described NPN triode N3, N4 and emitter; In the present embodiment, one end of described first resistance R13, R21 is connected electrically between described tenth resistance R12, R19 and the 11 resistance R14, R20, and the other end is electrically connected with the emitter of NPN triode N3, a N4;
Door opening and closing state signal output part MCU-PIN3, MCU-PIN4, be electrically connected with the collector of described NPN triode N3, N4 by the 12 resistance R16, R23;
In the present embodiment, described door switch detecting unit also comprises the 3rd electric capacity C3, C4, one end of described 3rd electric capacity C3, C4 is connected electrically between described door opening and closing state signal output part MCU-PIN3, MCU-PIN4 and described 12 resistance R16, R23, other end ground connection.
Described control module comprises:
2nd NPN triode N2, collector and emitter is connected in described main line, in the present embodiment, collector is connected with one end of the drive coil of described relay, grounded emitter, base stage meets control signal input end MCU-PIN2 by the 13 resistance R17, and described control signal input end MCU-PIN2 is for accessing the control signal generated according to described door opening and closing state signal;
14 resistance R18, two ends are electrically connected base stage and the emitter of described 2nd NPN triode N2 respectively.
Described self-sustaining unit comprises:
PNP triode P1, emitter and collector is connected on described main line, and described emitter is electrically connected with one end away from power supply of described door switch S1 in the present embodiment, and collector is electrically connected with the other end of described relay R elay drive coil;
3rd NPN triode N1, grounded emitter, collector is connected after the second resistance R9 and the 3rd resistance R11 and is electrically connected with one end away from power supply of door switch, is electrically connected after base series the 4th resistance R6 and the 5th resistance R7 with the collector of described PNP triode P1;
6th resistance R8, one end is electrically connected with the base stage of described 3rd NPN triode N1, other end ground connection;
Wherein, be connected electrically between described second resistance R9 and the 3rd resistance R11 after base series the 18 resistance R10 of described PNP triode P1; Described startup trigger pip inputs by between described 4th resistance R6 and the 5th resistance R7.
Described startup button SW1 one end is connected electrically in (V2 point place) between described 4th resistance R6 and the 5th resistance R7 by the first electric capacity C2, power supply is connected after other end series connection the 17 resistance R1, one end of one the 8th resistance R3 is connected electrically in (V1 point place) between described startup button SW1 and the first electric capacity C2, other end ground connection.In the present embodiment, described V1 point and be in series with the 15 resistance R4 and the 16 resistance R5 respectively between V2 point and described first electric capacity C2, the resistance of these two resistance is identical.
Described startup button detecting unit comprises:
Start key state signal output terminal MCU-PIN1, for exporting described startup key state signal;
7th resistance R2, one end is electrically connected away from one end of power supply with described startup button SW1, and the other end is electrically connected MCU-PIN1 with described startup key state signal output terminal;
Second electric capacity, one end is electrically connected with described startup key state signal output terminal MCU-PIN1, other end ground connection.
In the present embodiment, described startup button detecting unit also comprises the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, and wherein the first diode D1 negative electrode meets power supply+5V, and anode is electrically connected away from one end of power supply with described startup button SW1; Second diode D2 negative electrode is electrically connected away from one end of power supply with described startup button SW1, plus earth.
After described main line is communicated with, current from power source 12V respectively through the emitter and collector of door switch S1, PNP triode P1, ground connection after the drive coil two ends of relay R elay and the collector and emitter of the 2nd NPN triode N2
The principle of work of the present embodiment is:
When gate is opened, door switch S1 disconnects, and drives the control coil end power-off of the gauge tap K1 of described relay R elay, and gauge tap K1 disconnects, and drive motor can not rotate.Now, one end that tenth resistance R12, R19 connects with door switch S1 does not have voltage yet, under the effect of first resistance R13, R21, one NPN triode N3, N4 is in cut-off state, due to the effect of the 9th resistance R15, R22, the door opening and closing state signal that door opening and closing state signal output part MCU-PIN3, MCU-PIN4 send respectively is a high level signal, stops driving the 2nd NPN triode N2 simultaneously, ensures that gauge tap K1 can not work further.
When gate is closed, door switch S1 closes, power supply 12V has received one end of the tenth resistance R12, R19, tenth resistance R12, R19 and first resistance R13, R21 forms bleeder circuit, make NPN triode N3, N4 conducting, when the door opening and closing state signal that two door opening and closing state signal output parts MCU-PIN3, MCU-PIN4 send respectively is all low level signal, just drive described 2nd NPN triode N2 conductor.
3rd NPN triode N1 is in cut-off state under the effect of the 6th resistance R8, and PNP triode P1 is also in cut-off state under the effect of the 3rd resistance R11, then power supply 12V cannot lead on the drive coil of relay R elay, even if so now the 2nd NPN triode N2 conductor, the gauge tap K1 of relay R elay also cannot close, because of but safety.
After pressing startup button SW1, the voltage of V1 point becomes a high level in a minute pressure of the 17 resistance R1 and the 8th resistance R3, is delivered to startup key state signal output terminal MCU-PIN1 as startup key state signal by the 7th resistance R2; On the other hand, because two ends before the first electric capacity C2 are all low level, the voltage at electric capacity two ends can not suddenly change, therefore the level of V1 point can be delivered to V2 point by the first electric capacity C2 as startup trigger pip, make the high level that V2 point becomes suitable with V1 level point, make the 3rd NPN triode N1 conducting, one end of second resistance R9 is in low level, second resistance R9 and the 3rd resistance R11 dividing potential drop, make PNP triode P1 conducting, power supply 12V receives on the drive coil of relay R elay by PNP triode P1, and gauge tap K1 closes, and drive motor rotates.
Once after PNP triode P1 conducting, power supply 12V is by the 5th resistance R7 and the 4th resistance R6 dividing potential drop, maintain the conducting of the 3rd NPN triode N1, the conducting of the 3rd NPN triode N1 can maintain PNP triode P1 conducting again, thus form a self-hold circuit structure, as long as door switch S1 is in closed condition, this circuit can keep always.Due to the effect of the first electric capacity C2, after the 3rd NPN triode N1 and PNP triode P1 enters self-sustaining state, play pressing and lifting and can not bring impact of button SW1, its effect is only to provide a startup trigger pip and makes the 3rd NPN triode N1 and PNP triode P1 enter self-sustaining state.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment describes a kind of dryer, comprising:
Casing, for the formation of external structure;
Gate, is arranged on position corresponding with cylinder opening on described casing;
Drive motor, rotates for driving the rotatable parts of dryer;
The door switch control circuit that above-described embodiment is recorded, described door switch is located between described gate and casing, and described drive motor is series at (as shown in Figure 4) on described outside line;
Microcontroller (as shown in Figure 5), generates door opening and closing state signal for receiving described door switch control circuit, and produces the control signal of corresponding display and the described control module of driving;
Display unit, for showing according to the state of described display to described door switch.
In the present embodiment, described door switch control circuit also comprises and starts button detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described startup button and closure state and providing startup key state signal; Described microcontroller receive institute starts key state signal and the display of generation correspondence to display unit, described display unit also for starting the state of button according to shown Signal aspects.
The above embodiment of the present invention also can ensure the security of complete machine when using light current door switch; And while guarantee safety, the startup detection of key-press status and the detection of door opening and closing state are all normally carried out; And by display unit, when gate is opened, point out user in time, easy to use.
Above embodiment is only for illustration of the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill of relevant technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all equivalent technical schemes also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a door switch control circuit, comprising:
Door switch, is series on main line, disconnects accordingly and close for the on off state with gate;
Relay, comprises the drive coil be series on main line and the gauge tap be series on outside line, is communicated with for controlling outside line when main line is energized;
Start button, for when described door switch is closed and main line disconnects, generates and start trigger pip;
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
Door switch detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described door switch and closure state and providing corresponding door opening and closing state signal;
Control module, is series on described main line, for realizing the break-make of institute's junction main line according to described door opening and closing state signal;
Self-sustaining unit, is series on described main line, for being communicated with described main line and keeping described connected state after receiving startup trigger pip;
Wherein, described self-sustaining unit comprises:
PNP triode, emitter and collector is connected on described main line;
3rd NPN triode, grounded emitter, collector is connected after the second resistance and the 3rd resistance and is electrically connected with door switch one end away from power supply, is electrically connected after base series the 4th resistance and the 5th resistance with the collector of described PNP triode;
6th resistance, one end is electrically connected with the base stage of described 3rd NPN triode, other end ground connection;
Wherein, the base stage of described PNP triode is connected electrically between described second resistance and the 3rd resistance; Described startup trigger pip inputs by between the described 4th and the 5th resistance.
2. door switch control circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises and starts button detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described startup button and closure state and providing startup key state signal.
3. door switch control circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described door switch control circuit comprises at least two door switch detecting units, and each door switch detecting unit respectively sends corresponding door opening and closing state signal; Described control module realizes the break-make of institute's junction main line according to the door opening and closing state signal that all door switch detecting units send.
4. door switch control circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described door switch detecting unit comprises:
One NPN triode, base stage is electrically connected with described door switch one end away from power supply, grounded emitter, and collector is connected with power electric;
First resistance, between the base stage being connected in parallel on a described NPN triode and emitter;
Door opening and closing state signal output part, is electrically connected with the collector of a described NPN triode.
5. door switch control circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described control module comprises: the 2nd NPN triode, collector and emitter is connected in described main line, base stage is electrically connected with control signal input end, and described control signal input end is for accessing the control signal generated according to described door opening and closing state signal.
6. door switch control circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described startup button one end is connected electrically between described 4th resistance and the 5th resistance by the first electric capacity, the other end connects power supply, one end of 8th resistance is connected electrically between described startup button and the first electric capacity, other end ground connection.
7. door switch control circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described startup button detecting unit comprises:
Start key state signal output terminal, for exporting described startup key state signal;
7th resistance, one end is electrically connected with described startup button one end away from power supply, and the other end is electrically connected with described startup key state signal output terminal;
Second electric capacity, one end is electrically connected with described startup key state signal output terminal, other end ground connection.
8. a dryer, comprising: casing, gate and drive motor, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Door switch control circuit according to any one of claim 1-7, described door switch is located between described gate and casing, and described drive motor is series on described outside line;
Microcontroller, generates door opening and closing state signal for receiving described door switch control circuit, and produces the control signal of corresponding display and the described control module of driving;
Display unit, for showing according to the state of described display to described door switch.
9. dryer according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described door switch control circuit comprises and starts button detecting unit, for detecting the disconnection of described startup button and closure state and providing startup key state signal; Described microcontroller receives described startup key state signal and generates corresponding display to display unit, and described display unit also for starting the state of button according to shown Signal aspects.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210120938.8A CN103376750B (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2012-04-23 | Door switch control circuit and use its dryer |
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| CN201210120938.8A CN103376750B (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2012-04-23 | Door switch control circuit and use its dryer |
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| CN103376750A CN103376750A (en) | 2013-10-30 |
| CN103376750B true CN103376750B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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| CN105088648A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-25 | 海信（山东）冰箱有限公司 | Washing machine control system and washing machine |
| CN105040378A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-11-11 | 湖北科阳节能设备有限公司 | Air energy dryer with infrared induction device |
| CN105785879A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Door switch circuit used for household appliances and the household appliances |
| JP6832084B2 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2021-02-24 | リンナイ株式会社 | Clothes dryer |
| CN108065892A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-25 | 宁波欧琳厨具有限公司 | A kind of water basin dish-washing machine drive gate control circuit |
| CN108271279B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2020-09-01 | 青岛海尔科技有限公司 | Starting control circuit of clothes dryer |
| CN109044226B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2020-12-22 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Door switch circuit and washing appliance |
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| CN103376750A (en) | 2013-10-30 |
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