CN103375864A - Evaporative cooling, nighttime cold radiation, cold storage, ventilation and air conditioning system for potato warehouse - Google Patents
Evaporative cooling, nighttime cold radiation, cold storage, ventilation and air conditioning system for potato warehouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN103375864A CN103375864A CN2013103122487A CN201310312248A CN103375864A CN 103375864 A CN103375864 A CN 103375864A CN 2013103122487 A CN2013103122487 A CN 2013103122487A CN 201310312248 A CN201310312248 A CN 201310312248A CN 103375864 A CN103375864 A CN 103375864A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaporative cooling, nighttime cold radiation, cold storage, ventilation and air conditioning system for a potato warehouse. The system comprises an indirect-direct composite evaporative cooling unit, a cold storage device and a cold radiator which are sequentially connected through a pipe network, the indirect-direct composite evaporative cooling unit is connected with a cold water inlet cold storage tank and further connected with a buried pipeline arranged in the underground of the potato warehouse through an air supply pipe, and the cold storage device is communicated with the top of the potato warehouse through an indoor cooling coil. Evaporative cooling, cold storage, nighttime ventilation and underground buried pipe technology is combined with the potato warehouse, temperature and humidity under different working conditions are adjusted by making full use of natural energy, environmental pollution is decreased, and the energy is saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the operation of air conditioning systems technical field, be specifically related to a kind of potato warehouse evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system.
Background technology
In recent years, along with people are worth the raising of being familiar with to potato nutritional, and the rise of potato processing industry, very large variation has occured in potato market.This variation has not only enlarged the potato planting area, has increased supply and processing capacity, simultaneously the quantity of storing away in winter of potato has been increased much than in the past.But, owing to be subjected to the limitation of storage facilities, storage practice, administrative skill, so that the effect of storage of potato varies.Because of the stem tuber of different purposes, holding conditions there is different requirements, reach the storage purpose, the generation of storage disease is avoided in just necessary science storage, scientific management, just can get an expected result.Humiture in the storage cellar and air are most important to the storage success or not, so, the main task of storage management work, be exactly by humiture in the regulation and control storage cellar, do ventilation well, increase oxygen concentration in the storage cellar, the heat that produces when reducing the storage cellar internal respiration, prevent the generation of storage disease, prevent the improper dehydration of potato tubers, get mildewed in warm conditions and the generation of germination phenomenon; To reduce the wastage, guarantee the fine quality of stem tuber.
Specifically, the environmental factor that affects storage of potato mainly contains following factor:
Heat: the heat of storage period mainly contains four sources, original heat (the original heat of stem tuber self), respiration heat (stem tuber is breathed the heat that produces), external heat (the cellar for storing things outer air flows into the heat in the cellar for storing things) and soil heat (from the underground heat that is transmitted to soil), wherein soil heat accounts for significant proportion in total amount of heat.
Temperature: the material potato that processing potato, particularly fries, potato chips are used, holding conditions is stricter, preferably 9～11 ℃ of temperature, industrial potato short-term storage temperature will remain on 10 ℃～13 ℃.
Humidity: storage period the safe range of variations in temperature be 80～93%, humidity suitably can reduce natural wastage and be beneficial to stem tuber insurance, crosses wetly easily to impel stem tuber early to germinate, overdrying then easily causes stem tuber dehydration deliquescing, fold loses plumpness.
Ventilate: can regulate the cellar for storing things inner air flow, pass into fresh air, increase oxygen content, the carbon dioxide that discharge is gathered guarantees the stem tuber breathing, and then the field germination of assurance stem tuber and seedling is strong, simultaneously, aeration-cooling being applied to also can be reached the effect of cold-storage at night night.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of potato warehouse evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system, evaporative cooling, cold-storage, night ventilation and underground buried tube technology are combined with potato storehouse, utilize natural energy source to regulate humiture requirement under the different operating modes.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, potato warehouse evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system, between comprising by pipe network connect successively indirectly-direct combination evaporative cooling unit, cold-storage device and cold emitter, indirectly-direct combination evaporative cooling unit passes into the cold-storage tank with cold water and is connected, indirectly-and direct combination evaporative cooling unit also is connected by the buried pipe that arranges under air-supply airduct and the potato warehouse floor, and cold-storage device passes through indoor cooling coil and is communicated with top, potato warehouse.
Characteristics of the present invention also are:
Cold-storage device includes the cold-storage tank, and the cold-storage tank is respectively by water pipe G
1With water pipe G
2Be connected with water knockout drum with water collector, water collector is communicated with potato bunker top by indoor cooling coil respectively with water knockout drum, and the cold-storage tank is respectively by water pipe G
3, water pipe G
4Be connected with cold emitter.
Indirectly-and the structure of direct combination evaporative cooling unit is: include machine unit shell, machine unit shell is respectively arranged with fresh wind port, air outlet on the relative two side, and the direction that enters according to new wind in the machine unit shell is disposed with filter, surface cooler, indirect evaporation cooler, direct evaporative cooler, water fender and breeze fan;
Direct evaporative cooler includes filler, and the top of filler is provided with water-locator, and the bottom of filler is provided with header tank, and header tank is connected with water-locator by feed pipe, is provided with water circulating pump on the feed pipe;
Header tank is by water pipe G
7Pass into the cold-storage tank with cold water and be connected,
Surface cooler is respectively by water pipe G
5, water pipe G
6Be connected with water knockout drum with water collector.
The structure in potato warehouse is: the top in potato warehouse is respectively arranged with new wind air supply duct and exhaust duct, one end of new wind air supply duct passes potato warehouse one side walls and is communicated with outdoor, new wind air supply duct is provided with air inlet near the piping outside the house mouth place, is provided with a plurality of air-supply windows on the new wind air supply duct;
One end of exhaust duct passes potato warehouse opposite side wall and is communicated with outdoor, and exhaust duct is provided with exhaust outlet near the piping outside the house mouth place, is provided with a plurality of return wind transoms on the exhaust duct;
Vertically be connected with a plurality of evaporative cooling air supply ducts on the buried pipe that arranges under the potato warehouse floor, a plurality of evaporative cooling air supply ducts elevate above the soil and are arranged at the central authorities that potato is piled in the potato warehouse, and a plurality of potato breather pipes are set on each evaporative cooling air supply duct.
New wind air supply duct and exhaust duct are horizontally placed on top, potato warehouse.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the air-conditioning system of the present invention end of will blowing directly is embedded in the potato heap, blow by buried pipe, the end of maybe will blowing is arranged near the piling of potato, the cold humid air that the evaporative cooling unit is produced is at the original position cooling that produces thermal source, so that the heat distribution is too unconcentrated, bottom and the middle part of potato heap are lowered the temperature rapidly, reduce the work of stirring of potato; In addition, at potato heap reasonable Arrangement ventilation duct, accelerate the lost and increase air current flow of internal heat, reduce fan resistance; Benefit at the underground ventilation shaft also is to reduce soil heat (from the underground heat that is transmitted to soil).
2. potato is at storage period, because the evaporation of the moisture of stem tuber and respiration can produce carbon dioxide, heat energy and moisture alluvial, cause the warehouse humiture of storage potato to improve, keep ventilating and to regulate indoor humiture, keep the eupnea of potato, improve keeping quality; Simultaneously, when potato was put in storage, the temperature in warehouse should descend and descend along with surface temperature, generally dropped to 10 ℃ from 20 ℃, if ambient temperature and stem tuber temperature differ 4 ℃, should strengthen ventilation, removed surface moisture, prevented at potato surface generation condensation point; Be provided with air supplying and exhausting system in the air-conditioning system of the present invention, regularly with blower fan to the bunker supply and exhaust of taking a breath, increase air flow property, reduce gas concentration lwevel in the storehouse, avoided simultaneously the globule to condense; Air-conditioning system of the present invention has good ventilation condition: autumn and early winter open ventilating system night, allow cold air enter, then close daytime, stops hot-air to enter, and notes insulation winter, also will heat in case of necessity; Spring temperature then adopts the method that the short time at night leaks informaton, close daytime after ging up.
3. potato tubers is moisture is divided into about 80%, than the difficult storage of general crop seed, and temperature can directly affect the variation of nutrient in the stem tuber, the processing potato, the material potato used of fries, potato chips particularly, holding conditions is stricter, preferably 9～11 ℃ of temperature, industrial potato short-term storage temperature will remain on 10 ℃～13 ℃, and the two relative humidity all should remain on 85%～90%; Air-conditioning system of the present invention is by reasonable difference in functionality section of opening three grades of evaporative cooling units, and auxiliary absorption cold water and evaporative cooling unit acquisition cold water that night, outdoor cold emission obtained can be so that the aerial temperature and humidity at potato place reach different requirements.
4. will carry out callus after potato is gathered and process in order to recover mechanical damage, weaken breathing and the evaporation intensity of stem tuber, change as early as possible rest period over to, suitable temperature and humidity conditions is: 20 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 95%; After callus is disposed, should drop to 15～20 ℃ to temperature rapidly when potato has just been put in storage, and keep 15～20 days, make the as early as possible suberification of potato skin, form protective layer, invade to stop oxygen to enter with germ; Air-conditioning system of the present invention is by reasonable difference in functionality section of opening three grades of evaporative cooling units, and auxiliary absorption cold water and evaporative cooling unit acquisition cold water that night, outdoor cold emission obtained can be so that the aerial temperature and humidity at potato place reach different requirements.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system are used in potato of the present invention warehouse;
Fig. 2 is conditioned area partial structurtes schematic diagram in the potato warehouse.
Among the figure, 1. direct evaporative cooler, 2. indirect evaporation cooler, 3. surface cooler, 4. water fender, 5. breeze fan, 6. new wind air supply duct, 7. exhaust duct, 8. indoor cooling coil, 9. evaporative cooling air supply duct, 10. potato breather pipe, 11. the potato heap, 12. water collectors, 13. water knockout drums, 14. the cold-storage tank, 15. cold emitters, 16. cold water pass into the cold-storage tank, 17. the air-supply airduct, 18. buried pipes, 19. header tanks.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Potato of the present invention warehouse evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system, between comprising by pipe network connect successively indirectly-direct combination evaporative cooling unit, cold-storage device and cold emitter 15, indirectly-direct combination evaporative cooling unit passes into cold-storage tank 16 with cold water and is connected, indirectly-and direct combination evaporative cooling unit also is connected by the buried pipe 18 that arranges under air-supply airduct 17 and the potato warehouse floor, and cold-storage device passes through indoor cooling coil 8 and is communicated with top, potato warehouse.
Its concrete structure as shown in Figure 1, cold-storage device includes cold-storage tank 14, cold-storage tank 14 is respectively by water pipe G
1With water pipe G
2Are connected with water knockout drum with water collector 12 and are connected, water collector 12 is communicated with potato bunker top by indoor cooling coil 8 respectively with water knockout drum 13, and cold-storage tank 14 is respectively by water pipe G
3, water pipe G
4Be connected with cold emitter 15.
Indirectly-and the structure of direct combination evaporative cooling unit is: include machine unit shell, machine unit shell is respectively arranged with fresh wind port, air outlet on the relative two side, and the direction that enters according to new wind in the machine unit shell is disposed with filter, surface cooler 3, indirect evaporation cooler 2, direct evaporative cooler 1, water fender 4 and breeze fan 5;
Direct evaporative cooler 1 includes filler, and the top of filler is provided with water-locator, and the bottom of filler is provided with header tank 19, and header tank 19 is connected with water-locator by feed pipe, is provided with water circulating pump on the feed pipe;
Header tank 19 is by water pipe G
7Pass into cold-storage tank 16 with cold water and be connected,
Surface cooler 3 is respectively by water pipe G
5, water pipe G
6Are connected with water knockout drum with water collector 12 and are connected.
The potato warehouse, its structure as shown in Figure 2, the top in potato warehouse is respectively arranged with new wind air supply duct 6 and exhaust duct 7, one end of new wind air supply duct 6 passes potato warehouse one side walls and is communicated with outdoor, new wind air supply duct 6 is provided with air inlet near the piping outside the house mouth place, be provided with a plurality of air-supply windows on the new wind air supply duct 6, one end of exhaust duct 7 passes potato warehouse opposite side wall and is communicated with outdoor, exhaust duct 7 is provided with exhaust outlet near the piping outside the house mouth place, is provided with a plurality of return wind transoms on the exhaust duct 7; The subsurface in potato warehouse is provided with buried airduct 18, vertically be connected with a plurality of evaporative cooling air supply ducts 9 on the buried airduct 18, a plurality of evaporative cooling air supply ducts 9 elevate above the soil and are arranged at the central authorities of the heap of potato in the potato warehouse 11, and a plurality of potato breather pipes 10 are set on each evaporative cooling air supply duct 9.New wind air supply duct 6 and exhaust duct 7 are horizontally placed on top, potato warehouse.
The potato of the present invention warehouse course of work of evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system:
Under the night operating mode:
Absorb the cold emission energy at night by being arranged on outdoor cold emitter 15, produce and obtain low-temperature cold water, when the temperature of water reached certain temperature, extraction cold water entered in the cold-storage tank 14 and is in store; When temperature is higher in the potato warehouse by day, by water knockout drum 13 high temperature cold water in the cold-storage tank 14 is passed in the indoor cooling coil 8, bear a part of sensible heat load in the potato warehouse, simultaneously, also can the high temperature cold water in the cold-storage tank 14 be delivered in the surface cooler 3 in the evaporative cooling unit by water knockout drum 13, the new wind that enters in the evaporative cooling unit is carried out precooling treatment; Under the night operating mode, carry out mandatory ventilation by new wind air supply duct 6 and 7 pairs of potato warehouses of exhaust duct, on the one hand potato warehouse building enclosure and potato are carried out precooling, to reduce the refrigeration duty that daytime, the operating mode air-conditioning system need to be born, also the humidity in the potato warehouse is regulated on the other hand.
Under the daytime operating mode:
Open indirect-direct combination evaporative cooling unit, high temperature cold water in the cold-storage tank 14 is passed into the surface cooler 3 in the evaporative cooling unit, the new wind that enters indirect-direct combination evaporative cooling unit is carried out precooling, passed through successively indirectly by the new wind of precooling subsequently-indirect evaporation cooler 2 and the direct evaporative cooler 1 of direct combination evaporative cooling unit, outdoor new wind through three grades of coolings after by indoor cooling coil 8, evaporative cooling air supply duct 9 is transported to the initiating terminal that produces heat, so that the heat distribution is too unconcentrated, can so that bottom and the middle part of potato heap 11 lower the temperature rapidly, reduce the work of stirring of potato simultaneously.
Owing to for a long time cold humid air is passed in the potato warehouse, not only affect transpiration-cooled cooling efficient, and meeting so that the potato bunker in relative humidity constantly increase, therefore, in the potato bunker, arrange new wind air supply duct 6 and exhaust duct 7, indirectly-when direct combination evaporative cooling unit is lowered the temperature processing to the potato in the potato warehouse, intermittently secondary ventilation measure, not only can be to the potato warehouse supply and exhaust of taking a breath, increase air flow property, reduce gas concentration lwevel in the potato warehouse, reduce refrigeration duty, simultaneously the moisture field in the potato warehouse is regulated, avoided the potato surface water drops to condense.
The different phase of potato storage requires different to the humiture in the potato warehouse, because air-conditioning system of the present invention is mainly used in the bunker that potato and industrial potato are used in processing, it is the temperature humidity range that air-conditioning system of the present invention can satisfy that the humiture of this two classes potato storage requires, therefore by rationally opening the difference in functionality section of three grades of evaporative cooling units, auxiliary cold water and the evaporative cooling unit that absorbs outdoor cold emission acquisition at night obtains cold water, can be so that the aerial temperature and humidity at potato place reaches different requirements.
Blow by buried pipe among the present invention, the end of perhaps will blowing is arranged near the piling of potato, with indirectly-cold humid air that direct combination evaporative cooling unit produces is at the original position cooling that produces thermal source, so that the heat distribution is too unconcentrated, can so that bottom and the middle part of potato heap lower the temperature rapidly, reduce the work of stirring of potato simultaneously; In addition, at potato heap reasonable Arrangement potato breather pipe, accelerate the lost and increase air current flow of internal heat, reduce fan resistance; Benefit at the underground buried pipe also is to reduce soil heat (from the underground heat that is transmitted to soil).
Claims (5)
1. the potato warehouse is with evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system, it is characterized in that, between comprising by pipe network connect successively indirectly-direct combination evaporative cooling unit, cold-storage device and cold emitter (15), described indirectly-direct combination evaporative cooling unit passes into cold-storage tank (16) with cold water and is connected, described indirectly-direct combination evaporative cooling unit also is connected by the buried pipe (18) that arranges under air-supply airduct (17) and the potato warehouse floor, described cold-storage device passes through indoor cooling coil (8) and is communicated with top, potato warehouse.
2. potato warehouse usefulness evaporative cooling according to claim 1 and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system is characterized in that described cold-storage device includes cold-storage tank (14), and described cold-storage tank (14) is respectively by water pipe G
1With water pipe G
2Be connected 13 with water collector (12) with water knockout drum) be connected, described water collector (12) is communicated with potato bunker top by indoor cooling coil (8) respectively with water knockout drum (13), and described cold-storage tank (14) is respectively by water pipe G
3, water pipe G
4Be connected with cold emitter (15).
3. potato according to claim 2 warehouse is with evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system, it is characterized in that, described indirectly-structure of direct combination evaporative cooling unit is: include machine unit shell, described machine unit shell is respectively arranged with fresh wind port, air outlet on the relative two side, and the direction that enters according to new wind in the described machine unit shell is disposed with filter, surface cooler (3), indirect evaporation cooler (2), direct evaporative cooler (1), water fender (4) and breeze fan (5);
Described direct evaporative cooler (1), include filler, the top of described filler is provided with water-locator, and the bottom of described filler is provided with header tank (19), described header tank (19) is connected with described water-locator by feed pipe, is provided with water circulating pump on the described feed pipe;
Described header tank (19) is by water pipe G
7Pass into cold-storage tank (16) with cold water and be connected,
Described surface cooler (3) is respectively by water pipe G
5, water pipe G
6Be connected 13 with water collector (12) with water knockout drum) be connected.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described potato warehouses evaporative cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system, it is characterized in that, the structure in described potato warehouse is: the top in potato warehouse is respectively arranged with new wind air supply duct (6) and exhaust duct (7), one end of described new wind air supply duct (6) passes potato warehouse one side walls and is communicated with outdoor, described new wind air supply duct (6) is provided with air inlet near the piping outside the house mouth place, is provided with a plurality of air-supply windows on the described new wind air supply duct (6);
One end of described exhaust duct (7) passes potato warehouse opposite side wall and is communicated with outdoor, and described exhaust duct (7) is provided with exhaust outlet near the piping outside the house mouth place, and described exhaust duct is provided with a plurality of return wind transoms on (7);
Vertically be connected with a plurality of evaporative cooling air supply ducts (9) on the buried pipe (18) that arranges under the described potato warehouse floor, a plurality of evaporative cooling air supply ducts (9) elevate above the soil and are arranged at the central authorities of the heap of potato in the potato warehouse (11), on each evaporative cooling air supply duct (9) a plurality of potato breather pipes (10) are set.
5. potato warehouse usefulness evaporative cooling according to claim 4 and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system is characterized in that described new wind air supply duct (6) and exhaust duct (7) are horizontally placed on top, potato warehouse.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310312248.7A CN103375864B (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2013-07-23 | Potato warehouse evaporation cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310312248.7A CN103375864B (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2013-07-23 | Potato warehouse evaporation cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system |
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| CN103375864A true CN103375864A (en) | 2013-10-30 |
| CN103375864B CN103375864B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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| CN201310312248.7A Expired - Fee Related CN103375864B (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2013-07-23 | Potato warehouse evaporation cooling and cold emission at night cold-storage and ventilation and air conditioning system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557984A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-11 | 无锡市天兴净化空调设备有限公司 | Special low-temperature high-humidity unit for potato storehouse |
| CN105905502A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-31 | 江苏高科物流科技股份有限公司 | Frame-integrated intellectualized three-dimensional warehouse and construction method thereof |
| CN110583252A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Mixed ventilation fruit storage ventilation storehouse |
| WO2022062413A1 (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-03-31 | 西安工程大学 | Evaporative cooling and seasonal cold storage-based low energy consumption air conditioning cooling system |
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| CN101936584A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-01-05 | 西安工程大学 | Evaporative cooling air-conditioning system combining nocturnal radiation cooling technology and cold-accumulating technology |
| JP2011145046A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-28 | World Room Bliss:Kk | Smart ecological air conditioning system |
| CN102422760A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-04-25 | 沈阳市神禾谷业有限公司 | Low-temperature, green grain-preserving storage apparatus |
| CN203378301U (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-01-08 | 西安工程大学 | Evaporative cooling, cold accumulation and ventilation air conditioning system suitable for potato warehouse |
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2013
- 2013-07-23 CN CN201310312248.7A patent/CN103375864B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011145046A (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-28 | World Room Bliss:Kk | Smart ecological air conditioning system |
| CN101936584A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-01-05 | 西安工程大学 | Evaporative cooling air-conditioning system combining nocturnal radiation cooling technology and cold-accumulating technology |
| CN102422760A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-04-25 | 沈阳市神禾谷业有限公司 | Low-temperature, green grain-preserving storage apparatus |
| CN203378301U (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2014-01-08 | 西安工程大学 | Evaporative cooling, cold accumulation and ventilation air conditioning system suitable for potato warehouse |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557984A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-11 | 无锡市天兴净化空调设备有限公司 | Special low-temperature high-humidity unit for potato storehouse |
| CN105905502A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-31 | 江苏高科物流科技股份有限公司 | Frame-integrated intellectualized three-dimensional warehouse and construction method thereof |
| CN110583252A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Mixed ventilation fruit storage ventilation storehouse |
| WO2022062413A1 (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-03-31 | 西安工程大学 | Evaporative cooling and seasonal cold storage-based low energy consumption air conditioning cooling system |
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|---|---|
| CN103375864B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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