CN103372413A - Metal foam carrier catalysis bed solar energy absorption reaction device - Google Patents
Metal foam carrier catalysis bed solar energy absorption reaction device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal foam carrier catalysis bed solar energy absorption reaction device. The device comprises a linear solar energy absorption reactor and a parabolic trough-type solar energy condenser. The linear solar energy absorption reactor is arranged in the focal line of the parabolic troughtype solar energy condenser. The linear solar energy absorption reactor has a bushing structure, and comprises an external glass bushing, an internal metal tube, a selective coating on the surface of the metal tube through vacuum evaporation and a catalyst bed layer with metal foam materials as carriers and arranged inside the metal tube. The device makes the best of the space in the reactor. The catalyst bed layer structure can maintain uniformity and stabilization for long time, has a long service life, and has high efficiency of conversion from solar energy to thermal energy. The catalyst bed layer has a high specific surface area and good catalytic performance. The operations of change and regeneration of catalysts are simple. The device solves the problems of low specific surface area, uneven filling of internal catalysts, difficulty control of temperature field and flow field, difficulty maintenance and the like of reactor catalysts in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy heating and hot technical field of power generation, relate in particular to a kind of parabolic trough type metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit, use metal foaming material to make the carrier of beds.
Background technology
The energy is the basis of human survival and development, progress along with human society, on the one hand, owing to advance in living standard with promote the needs of social development, human demand for the energy increases day by day, traditional fossil energy total amount is limited, non-renewable on the other hand, and the simultaneously use procedure of fossil energy is accompanied by serious pollutant and produces and greenhouse gas emission.Day by day exhausted fossil energy and human ever-increasing energy demand, and an urgent demand of environmental protection formed sharp-pointed contradiction, have a strong impact on human sustainable development.The regenerative resource of the cleanings such as development and utilization solar energy is to alleviate energy supply and demand contradiction, conservation of nature environment, the important channel of realizing sustainable development.
The utilization of solar energy mainly contains solar photoelectric and transforms and the solar energy thermal transition.The solar heat chemical technology is a kind of form of solar energy optical-thermal trans-utilization, utilizes thermochemical reaction process, and the solar energy of assembling is converted into the chemical energy of fuel, or utilizes solar energy, for the heat absorption chemical process provides heat.The Salar light-gathering technology comprises the types such as parabolic trough type, tower, dish formula, and wherein parabolic trough type Salar light-gathering technology is relatively ripe, adopts the solar heat chemical technology of parabolic trough type heat collector to have the commercial off-the-shelf prospect.
The solar heat chemical reactor mainly contains three kinds of forms: (1) indirect heating type, and thermal-arrest working medium absorbs solar energy in heat collector, then enter the reactor heat exchange solar thermal energy is offered chemical reaction; (2) direct-heating type, chemical reactor directly is heated in solar collector; (3) direct radiator type, direct irradiation of sunlight is on beds.The indirect heating type reactor, reactor is heated evenly, and be convenient to control, but heat transmission equipment is many, and heat loss is larger; The direct-heating type reactor, start-up time is short, but it is inhomogeneous to be heated, and easily causes hot-spot and catalyst failure; The direct radiator type reactor has certain requirement to the optical characteristics of reactor material and catalyst.
Traditional fixed-bed catalytic filler mode is inner to adopt simple stacking filler mode, in the catalyst catalyst filling pipeline that the cylinder particle forms as reaction bed.There is following problem in this catalyst filling mode:
At first, the conventional filler mode easily causes the inner skewness of bed, and catalyst can not fill up whole absorption reactor thermally inner tube, because Action of Gravity Field, the pipe inner top may be filled by catalyst-free, causes the waste in absorption reactor thermally space, and affects decomposition reaction efficient.Simultaneously because absorption reactor thermally need to be followed the tracks of the position operation of the sun, it is moving component, inner catalyst filling particle can move along with the motion of absorption reactor thermally, further cause on the one hand the inhomogeneous of inner stuffing, the long-term rear catalyst particle that uses may concentrate on the absorption reactor thermally bottom, cause bottom catalyst bed layer porosity to descend, and the reactor head catalyst-free; The friction of catalyst granules and bump can reduce the service life of absorption reactor thermally on the other hand.
Secondly, bed internal accelerator particle is arranged wayward, the flow field and the temperature field that are difficult to effective tissue reaction bed inside, the intraductal heat exchange poor performance, can not in time discharge and affect chemical reaction rate thereby the local reaction thing may occur, and the too high catalyst failure of local temperature or temperature are lower than the situation of the temperature that is fit to reaction.
Again, the specific surface area of catalyst of conventional filler mode is on the low side, and specific area is the important parameter of catalyst performance, and the low then catalyst performance of the specific area of catalyst is difficult to improve, and chemical reaction rate is low, affects the whole system performance.
At last, may lose efficacy through using for a long time catalyst, and the catalyst of changing this simple filling batch need to be toppled over out with the catalyst in the reactor and fresh catalyst poured into reactor again, the plant maintenance process is complicated.
The present invention has broken through the reactor of conventional filler mode, introduces metal foaming material, as the carrier of catalyst, catalyst is attached on the surface of metal foaming material by techniques such as infusion process or powder coated methods, forms new catalyst bed structure.Use the absorption reactor thermally of this new construction catalyst bed all to be better than the conventional filler mode at aspects such as catalyst performance, heat-transfer capability and flow resistances, the cost of maintenance is also than reduction.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that (one) will solve
There is shortcomings in the solar heat chemical reactor of conventional filler mode, for example the internal accelerator filler is inhomogeneous, temperature field, flow field are difficult to tissue, fluid resistance loss is large, specific area is low, and the problem such as difficult in maintenance, and main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit, to improve flowing in the absorption reactor thermally, heat exchange and catalytic performance, improve the performance of solar heat chemical catalysis reaction system.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit, this device comprises linear solar absorption reactor 5 and parabolic trough type solar concentrator 6, and linear solar absorption reactor 5 places the focal line place of parabolic trough type solar concentrator 6; Linear solar absorption reactor 5 be sleeve structure, comprises the metal tube 2 of outside glass bushing 4, inside, at the selective coating 3 of metal tube 2 surperficial evaporations with place in the metal tube 2 with the beds 1 of metal foaming material as carrier.
In the such scheme, be evacuated to suppress heat convection between described metal tube 2 and the described glass bushing 4.
In the such scheme, described parabolic trough type solar concentrator 6 tracking position of sun, the sunshine of reflection sees through glass bushing 4 and converges on the selective coating 3 on metal tube 2 surfaces that are positioned at the concentrator focal line.
In the such scheme, described beds 1 is processed into cylindrical shape by metal foaming material.
In the such scheme, described with metal foaming material as beds 1 surface uniform of carrier be covered with chemical reaction catalyst.
In the such scheme, in described glass bushing 4 and metal tube 2 sealing-ins place, use bellows, with the thermal expansion of coupling metal tube 2 with glass bushing 4.
(3) beneficial effect
Can find out that from said apparatus and technical scheme the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, metal foaming material can be processed into the shape that is fit to metal tube, is used for the absorption reactor thermally of different tube diameters, different pipe ranges, thereby can make it to fill up space in the metal tube, takes full advantage of the interior space of metal tube and carries out chemical reaction.Metal foaming material is done as a wholely after through processing, is fixed on easily in the absorption reactor thermally metal tube, also can keep even structure, stable through long-term use, and and metal tube between without relative motion, prolong metal tube service life.
2, metal foaming material can be as required, obtain the structural parameters such as required porosity, hole density, specific area by certain foam process, be convenient to adjust according to different needs the performance of beds, the flow resistance of balance catalytic bed and heat exchange, catalytic performance, to organize and to optimize working medium in flow field, the temperature field of catalyst bed interlayer, promote the carrying out of chemical reaction.Metal foaming material itself has excellent heat conductivility, and rapid the conduction to working medium of solar energy with absorbing provides reaction institute calorific requirement, and makes the zone, temperature field in the metal tube even.
3, metal foaming material beds unit's pipe range surface area of making carrier can reach more than 3 times of simple filler mode, and in the constant situation of catalyst type, its catalytic performance is better than the beds of original simple material filling type.The catalytic reaction of heat absorption is the core place of solar heat chemical reaction, improve the performance that catalyst performance can promote the solar heat chemical reaction system, improve solar energy to the transformation efficiency of chemical energy, the mirror scene that the minimizing system needs is long-pending, thereby effectively reduces investment and cost.
4, the situation of catalyst activity reduction can appear in the long-term beds that uses, and the new catalyst bed can take out from metal tube as a whole easily, catalyst bed with new system is replaced, or carry out catalyst regeneration, to keep the activity of catalyst bed, safeguard that more original absorption reactor thermally is more convenient, recycle the metal foaming material cost and also reduce.
5, this device adopts the absorption reactor thermally integrated design, has reduced the indirect heat exchange loss, simplified apparatus.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit of the embodiment of the invention.Device comprises parabolic trough type solar concentrator 6, linear solar absorption reactor 5, and linear solar absorption reactor 5 is installed in parabolic trough type solar concentrator 6 focal line places.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 neutral line solar absorption reactor 5.Wherein 1 is cylinder metal foaming structure catalyst bed, take metal foaming material as carrier, and its surface coverage catalyst; 2 is metal tube, and material is usually by stainless steel etc.; 3 is the selective coating of the outer plating of metal tube surface, and this coating has very high absorptivity and low emissivity for solar spectrum; 4 is outside glass bushing, and glass bushing is made by heat resistant glass, at high temperature has good intensity and light transmission rate.Vacuumize between metal tube and the glass tube.
Fig. 3 is the structure 1 metallic foam support catalytic bed that Fig. 1 neutral line solar absorption reactor 5 comprises, its undersized can integral body be inserted in the metal tube in the inside dimension of metal tube.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 neutral line solar absorption reactor 5, and mark is identical with Fig. 2 among the figure.
The specific embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit, this device comprises linear solar absorption reactor 5 and parabolic trough type solar concentrator 6, and linear solar absorption reactor 5 places the focal line place of parabolic trough type solar concentrator 6; Linear solar absorption reactor 5 is sleeve structure, comprise outside glass bushing 4, inner metal tube 2, at the selective coating 3 of metal tube 2 surperficial evaporations, place metal tube 2 in the beds 1 of metal foaming material as carrier, and remove compression ring, bellows.Wherein the absorptivity of 3 pairs of solar spectrums of selective coating can reach more than 0.9, and emissivity is low to moderate below 0.2, to reduce the external radiation heat loss of metal absorption pipe.
The metal tube 2 inner metal foaming materials that use are as the carrier of catalyst.Metal foaming material is processed into cylindrical shape, and the cylinder cross-sectional diameter is slightly less than the internal diameter of metal tube 2, and cylinder height is slightly less than the length of metal tube 2; By techniques such as infusion process or powder coated methods, catalyst is attached on the surface of the cylinder metal foamed material after the processing equably, form catalyst bed 1, as shown in Figure 3.The metal foam catalyst bed 1 of making is inserted in the metal tube 2.Glass bushing 4 is made by heat resistant glass among Fig. 2, at high temperature has good intensity and light transmission rate.Between glass bushing and metal absorption pipe, be evacuated to suppress heat convection.In glass bushing and metal tube sealing-in place, use bellows, the thermal expansion that can mate like this metal absorption pipe and glass bushing.
In actual the use, with the series connection of solar absorption reactor, be installed in parabolic trough type heat collector focal line place, absorb the solar energy that converges, and metal inner pipe is connected, the needed total length of the system that reaches.At the absorber metal inner pipe.Pass into gaseous reactant at metal tube one end, gas is along the catalyst bed intrastratal flow of metal pipe range at the metal foaming material carrier.The solar heat that absorbs makes the temperature of metal tube internal catalyst bed rise to the temperature of suitable reaction, and provides reaction heat for decomposition reaction.The beds of metallic foam support provides good heat exchange, mobile and catalytic perfomance, the solar heat that absorbs forms the uniformly temperature of suitable reaction easily in metal tube, the beds of metal foaming material carrier provides very large specific area simultaneously, the carrying out that is conducive to cartalytic decomposition effect issues biochemical reaction in preference temperature and catalyst action.
Take solar energy Thermochemical Decomposition methyl alcohol as example, methyl alcohol is called as " the omnipotent intermediate " of chemical industry, can be synthetic from multiple fossil energies such as coal, natural gases, and it is very extensive to originate.Utilizing solar energy that the reaction heat of methanol oxidation cracking is provided, produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide synthetic gas, is a kind of mode that middle low-temperature solar energy heat chemistry is utilized.Normal temperature methyl alcohol is liquid, convenient transportation, the synthesis gas that Methanol Decomposition produces both can be used as fuel and had used, and also can obtain hydrogen, carbon monoxide by separating, as the raw material of industry, therefore the method for this Driven by Solar Energy thermal chemical reaction hydrogen manufacturing has vast potential for future development.Use the present invention and realize solar heat chemical breakdown methyl alcohol system, beds 1 in the metal tube is along the mobile methyl alcohol of pipe range direction, 5 is the parabolic trough type concentrator, the concentrator reflected sunlight sees through glass bushing and converges on the coating 3 of the metal tube absorber surface that is positioned at the concentrator focal line, coating 3 absorbs the temperature that working medium in the solar energy heating pipes reaches suitable methanol decomposition reaction, and methyl alcohol is decomposed into mol ratio under the effect of metallic foam support catalytic bed be 2: 1 hydrogen and Co mixed gas.
Compare the reactor of conventional filler mode, the present invention takes full advantage of space in the metal tube, and the beds structure can keep even structure, stable, metal tube absorber longer service life for a long time; The heat energy that solar energy transforms conduction efficiency in pipe is higher, and the zone, temperature field in the pipe is more even, and working medium promotes the carrying out of chemical reaction in having of catalyst bed interlayer flow field preferably, temperature field; Beds has higher specific area, and its catalytic performance is better than the beds of original simple material filling type; The maintenance of new construction is more convenient after a period of time operation.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit, it is characterized in that, this device comprises linear solar absorption reactor (5) and parabolic trough type solar concentrator (6), and linear solar absorption reactor (5) places the focal line place of parabolic trough type solar concentrator (6); Linear solar absorption reactor (5) be sleeve structure, comprises the metal tube (2) of outside glass bushing (4), inside, at the selective coating (3) of the surperficial evaporation of metal tube (2) with place in the metal tube (2) with the beds (1) of metal foaming material as carrier.
2. metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is evacuated to suppress heat convection between described metal tube (2) and the described glass bushing (4).
3. metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described parabolic trough type solar concentrator (6) tracking position of sun, the sunshine of reflection converges on the selective coating (3) on metal tube (2) surface that is positioned at the concentrator focal line through glass bushing (4).
4. metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that described beds (1) is processed into cylindrical shape by metal foaming material, is filled in fully in the metal tube (2).
5. metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described with metal foaming material as beds (1) surface uniform of carrier be covered with chemical reaction catalyst.
6. metallic foam support catalytic bed solar absorption reaction unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described glass bushing (4) and metal tube (2) sealing-in place, use bellows, with the thermal expansion of coupling metal tube (2) with glass bushing (4).
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107930552A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 武汉大学 | Solar energy hydrogen permeation membrane reaction unit and application method |
| CN108554333A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-21 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Solar heat chemical absorbing reaction unit and system |
| CN109695966A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-30 | 河北赛特驰实验器材销售有限公司 | A kind of new application and photo-thermal system of selective absorption material |
| CN109966999A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-05 | 清华大学 | A kind of equipment that photo-thermal catalytic degradation discards refrigerant |
| CN109985590A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of solar energy optical-thermal coupling hydrogen production device divided certainly based on photochemical catalyst |
| CN110467154A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-11-19 | 云南师范大学 | A kind of solar energy methanol steam reforming hydrogen manufacturing focusing reactor |
| CN111185125A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-22 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Device and method for activating deactivated catalyst |
| CN112791670A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-14 | 南京大学 | Interfacial thermocatalytic system |
| CN114534665A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | Expandable flow tube type photocatalytic reaction device and method |
| CN114719451A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-07-08 | 华中科技大学 | Photo-thermal-electric-thermal complementary thermochemical energy storage device |
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Cited By (14)
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| CN107930552A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-20 | 武汉大学 | Solar energy hydrogen permeation membrane reaction unit and application method |
| CN108554333A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-21 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Solar heat chemical absorbing reaction unit and system |
| CN108554333B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2020-10-09 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Solar thermochemical absorption reaction device and system |
| CN109695966B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-11-10 | 河北赛特驰实验器材销售有限公司 | New application of selective light absorption material and novel photo-thermal system |
| CN109695966A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-30 | 河北赛特驰实验器材销售有限公司 | A kind of new application and photo-thermal system of selective absorption material |
| CN109985590A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-07-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of solar energy optical-thermal coupling hydrogen production device divided certainly based on photochemical catalyst |
| CN109966999A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-05 | 清华大学 | A kind of equipment that photo-thermal catalytic degradation discards refrigerant |
| CN110467154A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-11-19 | 云南师范大学 | A kind of solar energy methanol steam reforming hydrogen manufacturing focusing reactor |
| CN111185125A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-22 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Device and method for activating deactivated catalyst |
| CN111185125B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2022-04-22 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Catalyst activation apparatus and method |
| CN112791670A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-14 | 南京大学 | Interfacial thermocatalytic system |
| CN114534665A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | Expandable flow tube type photocatalytic reaction device and method |
| CN114719451A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-07-08 | 华中科技大学 | Photo-thermal-electric-thermal complementary thermochemical energy storage device |
| CN114719451B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-02-21 | 华中科技大学 | Photo-thermal-electric-thermal complementary thermochemical energy storage device |
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