CN103371796B - Demonstrator with two-eye visual function - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a demonstrator with a two-eye visual function. The demonstrator comprises two shell simple eyes, a main board and an auxiliary board. The demonstrator is used in three-dimensional and planar image demonstration for false images (double-images) generated by strabismus, the degree of diplopia and main types of disordered binocular vision. The demonstrator also displays the want-to-see relation of finally sensed imaging position to optical axis, eye position and extraocular muscle. 'Replicating' and repeated and fast comparison can be performed according to detection results of a patient. The patients are allowed to participate and make decisions on their own to reasonably wear and change proper glasses in order to ease the symptom. Optometrists and oculists can master binocular vision detection technologies and treatment methods quickly. The attributes, namely 'optical medicine and medical apparatus', of the glasses can be highlighted, and friendly competition of prescription market is promoted. The demonstrator is ingenious in design and simple in structure, is simpler for crucial decomposition and evolution, and allows for corresponding three-dimensional and planar demonstration which is popular and easy to understand with clear causal relationship and which is highly logical and convincing. In addition, the demonstrator meets the needs of the healthcare and description market and is suitable for use in eyeglasses stores, ophthalmology and visual training rooms.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to an optometry field, relate to a kind of apparatus for demonstrating of binocular vision function.
Background technology
Binocular vision function can cause the asthenopia of systemic symptoms extremely, and China patient at least one hundred million.Contrary with traditional view, patient be often bore hole or wear mirror also clear, without obviously looking side ways, physiology of eye sign is normal, symptom is often invisible, non-distinctive.As corrected the ametropia that most people exists, or glasses are changed to more reasonable, suitable, mostly can symptom extenuate.
But stereopsis vision specialty is abstract, complicated, understand difficulty, the suggestion of " wear, change suitable glasses---for relieving symptoms carries out optical therapeutic ", is often rejected.
Chinese search result, existing without the device similar to the present invention's " apparatus for demonstrating of binocular vision function ", also without " schematic model " relevant with binocular vision function.
The present invention has significant advantage and beneficial effect:
Use patent device, patient " can see " that sight line is different from vision, and normal visual acuity not necessarily sight line is normal, understands the implication of stereopsis vision specialty " minimum standards "." can copy " eyes of patient according to testing result, tangible, manipulation causes the position of entire patient's property symptom.It is made to recognize " optical therapeutic "---" for the purpose of relieving symptoms " is worn, change the necessity of rationally suitable glasses.
Design ingenious, structure is simple.Simplify, crucial decomposition, evolution, and three-dimensional peaceful face demonstration is corresponding, easy-to-understand, cause effect relation is clear and definite, and logicality, cogency are strong.
Meet health care, join the mirror market demand.
Be applicable to optician's shop, ophthalmology, visual exercise room, teaching, relevant speciality clinicist continue educating use.
Use patent device, need the prism tier pole (that is: stepped prism) of eye muscle section, also can without comprehensive optometry instrument.
List of references:
1. Qu Jia. optometry Theories and methods. Beijing: People's Health Publisher, 2005.93.
2. Wang Guang cease raining or snowing. stereopsis vision. Beijing: People's Health Publisher, 2005.30.
3. Lv Fan. tiltedly amblyopia and Binocular vison treatment technology. Beijing: Higher Education Publishing House, 2005.83-85.
4. Qu Jia. science of spectacles. Beijing: People's Health Publisher, 2004. forewords-4.
5. Lv Fan. pay attention to the clinical research of functional stereopsis vision exception. ophthalmology 2006,15 (5): 299-301.
6. Shen row is good for. glasses optics. and Tianjin science tech publishing house, 1997.377-382.
Summary of the invention
Apparatus for demonstrating of the present invention, is reduced to simple and easy eye by eyeball: only have a semicircle convex ball lens to do the ghost of half cornea.Patient controls simple and easy eye and takes aim at two lampets seen on the same line, and the simple and easy eye of a deflection then lampet becomes false as off-line, and separation degree is different with deflection difference.
Simple and easy eye is combined with the geneva bar intercepting 1/2.
Subplate with two lampets can stand, puts down, far put, and subplate has two color grids, symmetrical up and down, quantizes the displacement of false picture.
Represent eyeball with flat cutting sheet, by the procedure decomposition of " seeing ", be evolved into three tangible lines: " wanting to see line " " visual axis " " as line ".Display want to see with the optical axis, eye position, extraocular muscles and objective imaging, the relation of position experienced.
Demonstrate out with three-dimensional and plane two kinds of form images: the vacation picture (double image) that stravismus produces, diplopia degree, character, melt picture storage level, extraocular muscles force unbalance, the minimum standards (Sheard and Percival criterion) of assessment, prediction symptom, near point of convergence, gradient AC/A, vertical squint, cornea optical reflection etc., and the main Types of stereopsis vision exception.
The technical problem that this apparatus for demonstrating will solve is, a rectangular thin plate demonstration board mainboard and subplate: simple and easy eye mainboard inserting two same housings, the half intercepting circle+3.00DS convex ball lens becomes semicircle to do half cornea, and above it, the position of another half cornea is empty.One circular portion of simple and easy eye Posterior pole does bonnet, can open.
Two, left and right is same: the eyeball of flat cutting sheet, Posterior pole drift bolt, and represents that the visual axis of the optical axis is integrated, and during Rotation of eyeball, visual axis also moves.Want to see line, represent subjective wishes, rotate separately.The picture line of soft silk thread, draws from drift bolt bolt, points to objective imaging, wants the position that the person of seeing experiences.
Subplate vertical line is packed with lamp, lower lamp, and left and right grid divides two colors.
Beneficial effect:
Stereopsis vision abnormity asthenopia, belongs to psychosomatic medicine category together with hypertension, diabetes, Peptic Ulcers, coronary heart disease, asthma, malignant tumor etc., also likely causes organic disease (traditional Chinese medical science: first strongly fragrant rear disease).Eye certain discomfort long-term is also long-term: headache, neck, shoulder, backache, articulations digitorum manus is numb, dizzy, autonomic nervous dysfunction, gastrointestinal dysfunction, nausea and vomiting, inappetence, distension, constipation, sleepy, hypomnesis, irritated, insomnia, whole body fatigue is unable, vasomotion (blood pressure) is abnormal, facial spasm, absent minded, " sleepy type student syndrome ", be sick of read-write, sub-health state, " regular optometry " (i.e. " medical based refraction ") comprising stereopsis vision and detect should be done, get rid of asthenopia, carry out the treatment of " diagnostic ".But stereopsis vision detection technique and diagnostic method are not grasped in ninety percent ophthalmologists, many optician's shops.Typically have the muscular asthenopia of systemic symptoms, ophthalmology, Pei Jing unit but Chang Buneng obtain diagnosis and treatment." patient is blind runs, and shoulders to bear.Each section doctor, respectively blows each tune." invention apparatus for demonstrating, elementary optometrist, ophthalmologists can be made to grasp rapidly detection technique and diagnoses and treatment.
The query that asthenopia patient is natural, as satisfied explanation can not be obtained, the consumption that is easy to do misleads: " why saying my (recessive, latency) stravismus? " " vision how with head, neck and shoulder pain; gastrointestinal upset ... relevant? " " I ' stereopsis vision is abnormal ' how serious method? " " just (poor) a little number of degrees; join, wear, change mirror and be necessary? " " daily impact is little; be reluctant that Dai Jing has other way? " the present invention is that patient participates in demonstration, " copy " eye of oneself, can certainly draw a conclusion.
China glasses wearer 400,000,000, " resist glasses, social common fault ", should wear, non-wearer at least six 10,000,000.Many glasses " improve vision but asthenopia ", and " though qualified improper " be " medicine is qualified, and prescription is wrong " seemingly.Use this device, glasses due " optics medicine " " medical apparatus " attribute can be highlighted, promote to join the benign competition of mirror market, improve " population wears mirror rate ".
Stereopsis vision is abnormal and ametropia interacts, can not separate, and symptom together, extenuates together by wearing, changing suitable glasses.The present inventor uses this device to be combined for many years with " ametropia is seen and far seen near apparatus for demonstrating " (another of the present inventor invents ZL 2,009 2 0251945.5), " suspected patient " symptom is extenuated mostly, and oneself confirmation has cause effect relation with glasses: the symptom once thinking " certain illness " or " certain organic disease causes ", real is " with the different disease of disease " or " intersect and show " (clinical evidence of evidence-based medicine EBM) with asthenopia " vicious cycle ".
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The apparatus for demonstrating of this binocular vision function, comprises the simple and easy eye 1 of two same ellipses, housing.Two is same: the flat cutting sheet 10 of oval eyeball.Insert and follow closely on a rectangular thin plate demonstration board mainboard 2.
Demonstration board mainboard 2 inserts the simple and easy eye 1 that two, left and right is same: the half intercepting the convex ball lens of circle+3.00DS becomes semicircle, and doing lower cornea 4, is cornea sky 5 above it.One circular portion at simple and easy eye 1 rear portion does bonnet 17, opens rear patient and takes aim at from here at a glance and see.
On demonstration board mainboard 2, nail has two, left and right same: the flat cutting sheet 10 of oval eyeball, is integrated with banded visual axis 14.There are medial rectus 12 and lateral rectus 13 in the both sides of flat cutting sheet 10.Drift bolt 11 is bored a hole at the Posterior pole of flat cutting sheet 10, during flat cutting sheet 10 left-right rotation, also moves with the visual axis 14 of its one.Strip is wanted to see line 15, draws, be not connected, independent left-right rotation with flat cutting sheet 10 below drift bolt 11 flat cutting sheet 10, after same drift bolt 11 is bored a hole.The picture line 16 of soft silk thread, draws, can change separately direction, fast guide demonstration board subplate 3 into after stretching above flat cutting sheet 10, at same drift bolt 11 bolt.
Demonstration board subplate 3: grid color left blue 8, right red 9.Lamp 6, lower lamp 7 is packed with at vertical line.
The geneva bar of optometry, intercepts 1/2 along pillar lens direction, becomes semicircle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, simple and easy eye 2, demonstration board mainboard 3, demonstration board subplate 4, lower cornea 5, cornea sky 6, upper lamp 7, lower lamp 8, left blue 9, right red 10, flat cutting sheet 11, drift bolt 12, medial rectus 13, lateral rectus 14, visual axis 15, want to see line 16, as line 17, bonnet 18, bracket 19, triangular plate 20, Rectus muscle
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
The simple and easy eye 1 that two, left and right is same: the half intercepting the convex ball lens of+3.00DS becomes semicircle, does lower cornea 4.That is: the cornea of full circle shape removes half, and the top of lower cornea 4, the position of removing half cornea are empty, and this vacancy is cornea sky 5.Simple and easy eye 1 is oval, hollow shell, and surface is drawn and dissected eyeball profile.The spacing of lower cornea 4 and bonnet 17, that is: simple and easy eye 1 internal diameter 10cm ~ 12cm.Under have pillar to be inserted on rectangular thin plate demonstration board mainboard 2.There is the eye muscle of 6 flexible glues, be about 2 times into simple and easy eye 1 diameter, be attached to the outside of simple and easy eye, hang down after drawing backward, during the particularity needing demonstration eye muscle tractive to have an effect, extraocular muscles anatomic construction can be simulated and collect funnel, taper.(note: accompanying drawing only draws the sub-fraction of a Rectus muscle.) tractive eye muscle, simple and easy eye 1 can rotate by a small margin on demonstration board mainboard 2, and the strength of display eye muscle determines eyeball direction, and eye muscle is the reason causing stravismus and systemic symptoms extremely.
The circular bonnet 17 at rear portion, diameter is about 5cm, opens rear patient and takes aim at from here at a glance and see.
(keep flat shown in accompanying drawing, do not erect) when subplate 3 vertically erects, with lower cornea 4 apart from about 45cm.
Subplate 3 vertically erects, and opens bonnet 17, and patient takes aim to the subplate 3 erected thus and sees.The link opened, patient can be made to recognize, and sight line is through lower cornea 4, is exactly the imaging on simple and easy eye optical fundus, is that simple and easy eye " affiliated people " seen.Make patient by take aim at being adjusted to up and down of seeing: the straight flange of the level of semicircular lower cornea 4, take aim between lower lamp 7 and upper lamp 6.That is: sight line is through the appreciable lower lamp 7 of lower cornea 4, and for this simple and easy eye 1 " affiliated people " is seen, sight line is through the empty 5 appreciable upper lamps 6 of cornea of simple and easy eye 1, and this simple and easy eye 1 " affiliated people " non-seen.
Patient side is made to hold up simple and easy eye 1, horizontally rotate while take aim at and see, when forwarding the vertical line of the seen lower lamp 7 of lower cornea 4 to, when docking up and down with the vertical line of the seen upper lamp 6 of cornea empty 5, that is: lower lamp 7 and upper lamp 6 are on same vertical line, this simple and easy eye 1 is in level (left and right) normotopia eye position, without deflection.
Based on " can prism effect be produced during the inclined optical center of convex lens; imaging shifts into false picture to drift angle " principle, simple and easy eye 1 left or right avertence oblique, lower cornea 4 inclined optical centers of convex lens, the seen lower lamp 7 of lower cornea 4 can shift into false picture (ophthalmology is commonly referred to as double image).The upper lamp 6 of non-imaging is the horizontal level at the original place of lower lamp 7.After inclined optical center, the vertical line of non-imaging and the vertical line of false picture also disconnect, left blue 8 and the grid on the right side red 9 also stagger.The degree that two lamp horizontal directions are separated, that is: the grid of different colours staggers how many up and down, different with simple and easy eye 1 deflection difference.
A demonstration board mainboard 2, is about 60cm, the thin plate of wide about 40cm.Two, left and right is same: the flat cutting sheet 10 of the lamellar of oval eyeball, and eyeball anterior-posterior length is about 12cm, with banded visual axis 14 with being integrated.Drift bolt 11 is bored a hole at the Posterior pole of flat cutting sheet 10, and flat cutting sheet 10 left-right rotation, also moves together with visual axis 14.The medial rectus 12 of eyeball flat cutting sheet 10 both sides and lateral rectus 13 (corresponding with simple and easy ophthalmic, lateral rectus), length is about 2 times of flat cutting sheet 10 diameter, becomes triangular pyramidal to collect backward and puts.(note: accompanying drawing only draws a part of length, does not draw triangular pyramidal.) pull medial rectus 12 or lateral rectus 13 and can cause visual axis 14 and change direction, the sensing of display visual axis 14, depend on the size of this two flesh tractive strength separately.
The process that will " see ", decomposes, is evolved into each three tangible sight lines around: " wanting to see line 15 " " visual axis 14 " " as line 16 ".Show that simple and easy eye 1 " affiliated people " wants to see by plane again with the optical axis, with eye position, with extraocular muscles power and the relation of image space finally experienced.
Wanting to see line 15, strip, is subjective wishes, points to the lampet wanting to watch attentively.Bore a hole below flat cutting sheet 10, at same drift bolt 11, can rotate separately left and right; The optical axis 14, banded, be the intrinsic direction of eyeball (simple and easy eye 1) this visual organ self, be integrated with the flat cutting sheet 10 of expression eyeball is same, the direction that visual axis 14 rotates is exactly the direction of the antero posterior axis of flat cutting sheet 10 eyeball.Desirable visual axis 14 points to, and should be to meet to want to see line 15 subjective wishes demand, reach the target wanting to see line 15, and wants to see that line 15 overlaps.Picture line 16, soft silk thread, draws, can change direction separately, point to the objective imaging after the imaging of demonstration board subplate 3 lampet after stretching, position that simple and easy eye 1 is experienced above flat cutting sheet 10, at same drift bolt 11 bolt.Level is looked straight position, wants to see line 15, visual axis 14, is that three lines overlap as line 16, do not conjugate the lower lamp 7 (shown in flat cutting eye portion as left in accompanying drawing) put with finger,---the solid being in normotopia eye position with simple and easy eye 1 is demonstrated corresponding.
Can the position of picture line 16, meet subjective wishes and want to see that line 15 overlaps, depend on the sensing of visual axis 14, namely depend on the medial rectus 12 of flat cutting sheet 10 eyeball and having an effect of lateral rectus 13 (i.e. the Rectus muscle of simple and easy eye both sides).
Also fast can change direction (as shown in accompanying drawing right eye) again by triangular plate 19 as line 16, also can shorten, not be put into demonstration board subplate 3, represent " unclear " " without imaging ".
Demonstration board subplate 3, is about 30cm, the thin plate of wide about 15cm.Vertical line both sides grid colors is different, and right red 9, left blue 8, symmetrical up and down, be convenient to take aim at and see, demonstrate, contrast.The embedding diameter of vertical line is about (LED light emitting diode) upper lamp 6 of 0.5cm and lower lamp 7, at a distance of about 2cm, all can be energized.Demonstration board subplate 3, splices with demonstration board mainboard 2, adjustable, vertically erects during the solid demonstration of simple and easy eye 1, sets level (as accompanying drawing) during the plane demonstration of flat cutting sheet 10, unload playback far away show see far away.
Oblique angle, right-angle side be different high triangular plate 19 3 obviously, large, medium and small three kinds of different refraction strength (the prism number of degrees) of simulation prism tier pole (that is: stepped prism).
Embodiment one, in conjunction with the demonstration of geneva bar.
The geneva bar of one optometry, intercepts 1/2 one-tenth semicircle, puts on right simple and easy eye 1 semicircle bracket 18, before being namely placed in lower cornea 4 along pillar lens direction.Two lamp energisings of subplate 3.Make patient take aim at see, be adjusted to up and down, lower cornea 4 is normal beams that lower lamp 7 becomes by geneva bar, and cornea sky 5 is upper lamps 6.Again left and right be adjusted to take aim at the normal beam seen and overlap with lamp 6 on cornea sky 5, namely normal beam and upper lamp 6 are all at vertical line, and now right simple and easy eye 1 is horizontal normotopia.As simple and easy eye about 1 deflection, then normal beam leaves the upper lamp 6 of cornea sky 5, and deflection is larger, light beam from lampet 6 more away from.
The simple and easy eye in a left side not putting geneva bar is adjusted to normotopia eye.The now finding of " the affiliated people " of two simple and easy eyes: right simple and easy eye 1, be the normal beam become by lower lamp 7 alteration of form, left simple and easy eye is lampet,---to carry out when geneva bar test " lamp and a light beam " seen by two together with patient.The normal beam that level heterophoric patient's geneva bar detects is exactly the lower lamp 7 that this demonstration changes position." lamp and a light beam " actual is the right side simple and easy eye 1 finding of a lamp and the deflection " ".Normal beam shown by geneva bar---lower lamp 7, because profile has been no longer lampet, causes eyes can not make great efforts to melt picture, unite two into one.Be the patient that geneva bar detects, and now naturally can replace with " affiliated people " finding, when approving that oneself eyes does not make great efforts to merge, be deflection at a glance.
With the prism tier pole surveying vertical squint, select the number of degrees of exophoria patient geneva bar testing result, traverse, the end, is to before being built in simple and easy eye 1 time cornea 4, rotate simple and easy eye 1, when lamp 6 in empty 5 findings of normal beam and cornea overlap, all at vertical line time, the position residing for simple and easy eye 1, is the oblique degree of this patient's eye " copying ".
Move to the opposition side of right eye when simple and easy eye 1 outer (tiltedly) turns in normal beam, belong to heteronymous diplopia, time interior turn (tiltedly), outside normal beam, move to right eye the same side, belong to " homonymous diplopia ".Homonymous diplopia is greater than 2 Δs, and heteronymous diplopia is greater than 4 Δs, has symptom should get rid of asthenopic possibility.
Also patient can be made to understand: the prism composition of " lamp 6 in empty 5 findings of normal beam and cornea is overlapped ", adds in glasses, can make depending on one be two " two " between distance reduce, that is: what unite two into one when minimizing patient watches attentively pays.
Embodiment two, demonstrates and causes outer hidden oblique myopia with systemic symptoms, regulate factors.
Outwards rotated by the simple and easy eye 1 of normotopia, then descend cornea 4 take aim at lower lamp 7 sidesway left seen, take aim at empty 5 institutes of cornea the upper lamp 6 seen and misplace, the right side red 9 also has part grid to move to left, and grid is from red under normotopia homochromy up and down becomes blueing.Lower lamp 7 is the vacation pictures (double image) caused by the outside deflection of this simple and easy eye 1.
Again left eye is adjusted to normotopia eye, then same lower lamp 7 seen by two, this two simple and easy eye " affiliated people " left and right, is: the lower lamp 7 that right eye changes position, is moved to the left---false picture, and left eye does not change two pictures of lamp 7 under position,---there occurs diplopia.Should " affiliated people " two eye fixation time, the simple and easy eye 1 of deflection first must do the action of a position of becoming a full member, carry out (melting picture) effort of uniting two into one.Non-diplopia when watching attentively, appearance does not see stravismus yet, is that simple and easy eye 1 turns to complete and unites two into one, melts picture when watching attentively.
Outer hidden different tiltedly with normotopia eye have been many one: what inwardly turn to normotopia, cut down the spacing of true picture and false picture, unite two into one melts as effort.(manifest strabismus, use of at a glance need not, giving up, without this effort, often asymptomatic.)
Effort need the Rectus muscle 20 of simple and easy eye 1 both sides (that is medial rectus 12, lateral rectus 13 of plane demonstration flat cutting sheet 10) for a long time constant, precise and tiny, but coordinate abnormally and have an effect, all clearly all along with this improper.The nerve of domination Rectus muscle 20, long-term over loading is paid, and can cause neural corresponding position neck shoulder etc. and reflexive pain occurs.Wherein vegetative nerve over loading is paid, and can cause the dysfunction such as gastrointestinal, heart, vasomotion that this nervous system also dominates simultaneously.
Only wear and watch at a distance clearly glasses attentively, eyeball just may go to aim at accurately, just has fine rotational, and Rectus muscle 20 could constantly be had an effect work.Demonstration board subplate 3 is far put slightly mobile again, but does not make simple and easy eye 1 rotate, and represents and sees not imaging at a distance: the Rectus muscle 20 of tractive domination eyeball walks off from one's job.Unable, each bar eye muscle of Rectus muscle 20 can be caused for a long time to have an effect imbalance, contradiction.Do not wear mirror or the number of degrees are excessively shallow, though closely clear, because Rectus muscle 20 is strength deficiencies, the degree turned in having an effect is inadequate, and uniting two into one, over-burden.Conclusion: wear the number of degrees and reach imaging clearly glasses at a distance, the strength of Rectus muscle 20, having an effect to be tending towards normal, can be changed into normotopia, pays relative minimizing, remission (being wear mirror main purpose).
Embodiment three, outer hidden oblique plane demonstration.
The right side is wanted to see that the lower lamp 7 wanting to see aimed at by line 15.Flat cutting sheet 10 is partial to outer turning, and the visual axis 14 be namely inconjunction with also points to the right side of time lamp 7, and wants to see that line 15 does not overlap have angle between two lines.See that nearly time image line 16 has moved to left position, being placed on the inner side wanting to see line 15, is the position of the vacation picture of lower lamp 7.And left eye normotopia: the optical axis of left flat cutting sheet, want to see, overlap as line, jointly point to lower lamp 7 (as shown in accompanying drawing left eye).Two picture lines 16 of two should refer to together lower lamp 7, but the lower lamp 7 of a normotopia left eye indication is formed, also having one is that right abtorsion causes the inwardly displaced vacation picture of lower lamp 7, defines and is two, two depending on one and taperedly but should defines intersection as line: intersect (i.e. heteropleural) diplopia.(right eye of accompanying drawing, as removed triangular plate 19, also picture line 16 direction is constant, then shown in, embodiment two is same therewith.)
Right visual axis 14 with want to see that line 15 angle is larger, namely right eye gradient is larger, then want to see that line 15 is also just large with the angle of picture line 16, picture line 16 pointed location of right eye, and the picture line pointed location of left eye, the lower lamp 7 of finding, not movement as between distance more greatly, the effort united two into one is paid the more.
Demonstration board subplate 3 is put far again, wants to see that lampet at a distance aimed at by line 15, shortening as line 16, not being placed on demonstration board subplate 3, represents that myopia far can not become clear picture soon.Slightly mobile lampet, wants to see that line 15 is also thereupon slightly mobile and aims at, but do not move visual axis 14 and flat cutting sheet 10, that is: medial rectus 12, lateral rectus 13 be in motionless, without using state, corresponding with " tractive arrange eyeball Rectus muscle 20 walk off from one's job " of embodiment two.
Embodiment four, the demonstration of stereopsis vision " (set) melts picture storage level ".
Three-dimensional: time outside right simple and easy eye 1 tiltedly, will survey the prism tier pole traverse of vertical squint, the end, is outside, and before putting lower cornea 4, first degree of loweing prism, patient can take aim at and see that lower lamp 7 moves to left again, then increases the prism tier pole prism number of degrees of traverse, and lower lamp 7 more moves to left.Patient can understand that picture storage level is melted in detection (set), being that distance between two " two " expands gradually depending on one, detects the limit capacity that stereopsis vision unites two into one.There occurs breakdown point (what watch attentively has been two depending on) when patient detects, is exactly beyond ultimate value.
Plane: fast can the changing direction as line 16 from triangular plate 19, represent that lower lamp 7 moves to left (as shown in accompanying drawing right eye) again of right soft silk thread.Triangular plate 19 is changed to that the simulation prism number of degrees are high, refraction strength is large again, and transfer to do from here as line 16 moves to left greatly, represents that lower lamp 7 moves to left more, depending on one be two " two " between distance expand, the amount of unite two into one, melting as demand is larger.
" sight line is different from vision, and normal visual acuity not necessarily sight line is normal ", sight line needs " flexible, masterly ".Change direction, move to left after picture line 16 position, the position that normal person should reach---melt picture deposit amount, have " minimum standards " (Sheard and Percival criterion).During as detected, numerical value is low, that is: can not move to left much as line 16, illustrates that the ability united two into one is low, even if patient's " clear, be two depending on ", is but over loading, almost tries one's best and just obtain, patient have symptom should get rid of asthenopic may.
The simple and easy eye of this device 1 time cornea 4 is changed to the half of post mirror lens (+1.50DC or+2.00DC), changes placed angle (namely the axial degree of post mirror changes), can simulate cyclophoria; Lower cornea 4 and subplate 3 are respectively adjusted and are turn 90 degrees, and can demonstrate vertical squint; Lower cornea 4 is changed to about 1.00DS's, and subplate 3 is put far, lengthens as line 16, can take aim at see, demonstrate far away.
Claims (1)
1. the apparatus for demonstrating of a binocular vision function, comprise two same simple and easy eyes (1), a rectangular thin plate demonstration board mainboard (2) and subplate (3), the flat cutting sheet (10) of two same circular eyeballs, it is characterized in that: described simple and easy eye (1): the half intercepting circular convex ball lens becomes semicircle, do lower cornea (4), its superjacent air space is cornea sky (5), outside attachment Rectus muscle (20), rear portion is bonnet (17), under have pillar to be inserted on mainboard (2), tractive Rectus muscle (20), simple and easy eye (1) can rotate by a small margin on demonstration board mainboard (2), there is medial rectus (12) flat cutting sheet (10) inner side, there is lateral rectus (13) in outside, flat cutting sheet (10) and banded visual axis (14) are integrated, strip is wanted to see that line (15) is positioned at the below of flat cutting sheet (10), drift bolt (11) is in flat cutting sheet (10), want the rear portion perforation seeing line (15), picture line (16) of soft silk thread is drawn from drift bolt (11) bolt, pull medial rectus (12) or lateral rectus (13), flat cutting sheet (10) can left-right rotation, also rotate together with visual axis (14), want to see that line (15) can rotate separately left and right, direction can be changed separately after picture line (16) is stretching, subplate (3): the grid color of vertical line the right and left is different, grid is symmetrical up and down and symmetrical, vertical line is packed with lamp (6) and lower lamp (7), subplate (3), splices with demonstration board mainboard (2), adjustable.
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