CN103367852B

CN103367852B - Compact two-way high-power capacity microwave power combiner

Info

Publication number: CN103367852B
Application number: CN201310234471.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 常超; 黄文华; 陈昌华; 孙钧; 熊正锋
Original assignee: Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
Current assignee: Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
Priority date: 2013-06-09
Filing date: 2013-06-09
Publication date: 2014-12-03
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-09
Also published as: CN103367852A

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact two-way high-power capacity microwave power combiner, which consists of two over-mode rectangular waveguides, a circular waveguide and a curve-shaped matching structure, wherein the two over-mode rectangular waveguides are connected by an H plane, the circular waveguide is coupled on an E plane, and the curve-shaped matching structure is arranged in a rectangular waveguide cavity. When a frequency range is 4.2GHz-4.3GHz (gigahertz), ports of the two rectangular waveguides are highly isolated (the isolation degree is higher than 30dB), and the reflection coefficient of the port of each rectangular waveguide is smaller than -30dB. The high isolation degree, low reflection and high power capacity are realized by optimizing the central curve-shaped matching structure. When microwaves are injected into the two rectangular waveguides, microwaves after power combination can be output by the circular waveguide. By adopting the curve-shaped matching structure at the center of the rectangular waveguide cavity and the two over-mode rectangular waveguides, the combiner is high in power capacity. The power combiner is compact in structure, and is suitable for various application occasions of high-power microwave synthesis.

Description

A kind of microwave power synthesizer of compact two-way high power capacity

Technical field

The present invention relates to microwave power transmission and the ballistic device of high power capacity.

Background technology

High-Power Microwave (HPM) generally refer to frequency at 300MHz to 300GHz, peak power is greater than the strong electromagnetic radiation that 100MW or average power are greater than 1MW.HPM system is this coherent electromagnetic radiation generation, transmission and emission system.Main application comprises:

(1) by electron cyclotron resonace mechanism, controlled thermonuclear plasma is heated.

(2), for high power pulses radar, realize the target that under broad frequency band, accurately resolution is detected and follows the tracks of.

(3) be transmitting energy between the earth and space; For being transmitted into conversion between space track or track, spaceship provides energy.

(4), for high energy particle radio-frequency accelerator, carry out high-energy physics, nuclear physics scientific research.

(5) for HPM directed energy weapon.

The microwave of high power capacity has high energy density of electromagnetic field, the electromagnetic field of high-amplitude easily punctures (Chao Chang in transmission and emission system generation microwave, et al., Review of recent theories and experiments for improving high-power microwave window breakdown thresholds, Phys.Plasmas 2011,18:055702-11; Chao Chang, et al., The influence of desorption gas to high power microwave window multipactor, Phys.Plasmas 2008,15:093508-6), more particularly, plasma snowslide (the Chao Chang that microwave triggers, et al., Suppression of high-power microwave dielectric multipactor by resonant magnetic field, Appl.Phys.Lett., 2010,96:111502-3).

Owing to puncturing the cost consideration of restriction and microwave source, the power output of microwave source is always limited.The microwave synthesizer of high power capacity is realized the synthetic of different microwave source power outputs, has improved transmission and transmitting power, and has not increased the pressure of microwave source.Meanwhile, multichannel microwave shares an aerial radiation, can reduce antenna amount.

The microwave synthesizer of high power capacity need to possess high degree of isolation between input port, feature that reflection coefficient is low, and high the making of isolation is independent of each other between injection port, and the low energy return loss that makes of reflection coefficient is little.High power capacity is decided by the structure that can not have remarkable to strengthen in synthesizer, the structure that can cause electric field to strengthen such as the cylinder, round platform etc. that can not adopt small bore, and this is the main difference synthetic with traditional low power microwave power.

In the last few years, in the microwave synthesizer of the high power capacity of publishing in the world, typically there is the TE11 pattern of two orthogonal polarizations of coupling to the synthesizer (J.Fang in same waveguide, et al.An X band synthesizer for a few hundred megawatt level power microwaves, Acta Phys.Sinica, 60, 8, 088402, 2011), by crossing two of mould rectangular waveguide couplings, relatively near the high power of frequency, clap ripple synthesizer (G.Li, et al.Generation of gigawatt level beat waves, Appl.Phys.Lett., 96, 234102, 2010), and the synthesizer (J.Li based on crossing mould circular waveguide filter construction, et al.A Novel X-band Diplexer Based on Overmoded Circular Waveguides For High-Power Microwaves, IEEE Trans.Plasma Science, 2012).Its common shortcoming is bulky, and power capacity is limited.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a kind of microwave power synthesizer of compact two-way high power capacity, and it is bulky that it has solved existing microwave power synthesizer, the technical problem that power capacity is limited.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

A microwave power synthesizer for compact two-way high power capacity, comprises the combination of input rectangular waveguide, output circular waveguide, Adjustable structure; Two input rectangular waveguides that described input rectangular waveguide combination is connected by H face quadrature form; The E face coupling of described output circular waveguide and two input rectangular waveguides; Described Adjustable structure is to be positioned at the cavity of input rectangular waveguide combination and top over against the hollow or solid spherical crown of exporting circular waveguide; The intersecting lens of the axis of rotation of described spherical crown and two input rectangular waveguides intersects vertically; The centre of sphere of described spherical crown is positioned at the outside of input rectangular waveguide combination.

The microwave power synthesizer of above-mentioned compact two-way high power capacity, when centre frequency f=4.26GHz, the cross section broadside size 63.65mm of described input rectangular waveguide, narrow limit size 34.05mm; The radius of described spherical crown place spheroid is R=32.96mm, sphere centre coordinate X, and Y, Z=27.03mm, 27.03mm ,-14.75mm, wherein the origin of coordinates is positioned at the H face of input rectangular waveguide combination and the intersection point place, outside of lower E face.

The present invention has advantages of:

1, the present invention has high power capacity.

Rectangular waveguide and circular waveguide that the present invention adopts are large-sized critical overmoded waveguide, the waveguide of its criteria of right and wrong size, and higher order mode just ends, and only has first-harmonic to propagate, so can improve power capacity.

Adjustable structure adopts smooth surface structure as spherical crown, and power capacity is high.

2, the present invention has high-isolation and low reflection coefficient.

The present invention, by optimizing central SURFACES MATCHING structure (spherical crown) parameter, has realized high power capacity, high-isolation and low reflection coefficient.Isolation is greater than 30dB, and be less than-30dB of the reflection coefficient of input port.

3, compact conformation of the present invention.

Curved surface shaped matching structure and overmoded waveguide that the present invention is arranged in square wave guide cavity have realized high degree of isolation between two injection ports, low reflection, make the compact conformation of synthesizer.

4, the exportable different microwave of the present invention, applied range.

When two rectangular waveguides inject microwave simultaneously, the linear polarization microwave after circular waveguide meeting power output is synthetic.When High-Power Microwave not etc. of injection when different of two input ports, arbitrary phase and amplitude, synthetic port output elliptically polarized High-Power Microwave.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is 2 dimension structural representations of compact two-way synthesizer, and wherein, Fig. 1 (a) is vertical view, and Fig. 1 (b) is end view, and port one and port 2 are rectangular waveguide port, and port 3 is circular waveguide port.

Fig. 2 (a) and (b) be compact two-way synthesizer 3 dimension structure charts (metal part).

Fig. 3 (a) and (b) be respectively input port while injecting microwave signal, the electric field amplitude distribution of the upper surface of synthesizer inside (left figure) and lower surface (right figure).

S parameter curve when Fig. 4 is synthesizer port one injection microwave signal.

Electric field amplitude when Fig. 5 is synthesizer two input port constant amplitudes (1W), same-phase injection microwave signal distributes, signal microwave building-up process.

Embodiment

The formation of the microwave power synthesizer of compact two-way high power capacity of the present invention is: (that is: two corresponding narrow limits 90 degree of rectangular waveguide intersect in two rectangular waveguide H face quadratures connections, corresponding broadside connects in same plane), the E face coupling (exporting the broadside coupled of circular waveguide and two rectangular waveguides) of output circular waveguide and two rectangular waveguides, has the curved surface shaped matching structure arranging in the square wave guide cavity of high power capacity.

By central SURFACES MATCHING structure, realize high power capacity, high-isolation and low reflection coefficient, it is for example spherical crown, its crown height, hat end radius, spherical crown position are the special parameters obtaining through optimizing, meanwhile, the position of output circular waveguide will meet with spherical crown identical abscissa (X and Y coordinates).This matching structure has been realized high degree of isolation, isolation between two microwave input ports and has been greater than 30dB, and be less than-30dB of the reflection coefficient of input port, can not bring significant electric field to strengthen simultaneously.

Rectangular waveguide and circular waveguide are critical overmoded waveguide, the waveguide of its criteria of right and wrong size, and higher order mode just ends, and only has first-harmonic to propagate, and adopts large-sized critical overmoded waveguide to improve power capacity.This structure is optimized by HFSS software, carrys out the parameter of optimal design spherical crown and synthesizer by the plane of symmetry.

Operation principle of the present invention is: Dang Yi road microwave signal is inputted by a rectangular waveguide, because the isolation of itself and another one rectangle input waveguide, and basic not reflection, so input signal all arrives output circular waveguide.In like manner, when another road microwave signal, inject, output signal also can only arrive output circular waveguide.When synchronous TE10 pattern is injected in two square waveguides simultaneously, the TE11 pattern of circular waveguide output line polarization.When two input ports inject when different and be the microwave of arbitrary phase and amplitude high power capacity not etc., be output as the microwave signal of elliptically polarized high power capacity.

The C-band centre frequency 4.26GHz of take is example, and the sectional dimension of input rectangular waveguide is 63.65mm * 34.05mm.With coordinate system shown in Fig. 5, describe, this synthesizer be take with XOZ plane and YOZ plane included angle to be 45 degree plane is the plane of symmetry.Adopt spherical crown as matching structure, its crown height, hat end radius and position obtain by HFSS software optimization.By optimizing the parameter of spherical crown, realize high degree of isolation and low reflection.Spherical crown is the part that spheroid exposes in waveguide, and radius of sphericity is 32.96mm, and sphere centre coordinate (X, Y, Z) is (27.03mm, 27.03mm ,-14.75mm), and output circular waveguide diameter is 51.9mm.

Frequency centered by 4.26GHz, dual path injection, every road is injected under 1W power, surperficial maximum field amplitude E _m0=2.6kV/m, under power 2GW, surperficial maximum field amplitude E _m=82MV/m.

Claims

1. a microwave power synthesizer for compact two-way high power capacity, is characterized in that:

Comprise the combination of input rectangular waveguide, output circular waveguide, Adjustable structure;

Two input rectangular waveguides that described input rectangular waveguide combination is connected by H face quadrature form;

The E face coupling of described output circular waveguide and two input rectangular waveguides;

Described Adjustable structure is to be positioned at the cavity of input rectangular waveguide combination and top over against the hollow or solid spherical crown of exporting circular waveguide; The intersecting lens of the axis of rotation of described spherical crown and two input rectangular waveguides intersects vertically; The centre of sphere of described spherical crown is positioned at the outside of input rectangular waveguide combination.

2. the microwave power synthesizer of compact two-way high power capacity according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when centre frequency f=4.26GHz, and the cross section broadside size 63.65mm of described input rectangular waveguide, narrow limit size 34.05mm; The radius of described spherical crown place spheroid is R=32.96mm, sphere centre coordinate X, and Y, Z=27.03mm, 27.03mm ,-14.75mm, wherein the origin of coordinates is positioned at the H face of input rectangular waveguide combination and the intersection point place, outside of lower E face.