CN103366850A - Method for treating radioactive anion exchange resin by wet catalytic oxidation method - Google Patents
Method for treating radioactive anion exchange resin by wet catalytic oxidation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental pollution and particularly relates to a method for treating radioactive anion exchange resin by a wet catalytic oxidation method. The method comprises the following steps: putting the swelled and acidified anion exchange resin and a certain amount of Fe<2+> and Ce<3+> solutions into a reactor at the same time, stirring for reaction at the temperature of 80-99 DEG C, dropwise adding H2O2 into the reactor at a certain speed, continuously dropwise adding the Fe<2+> and Ce<3+> solutions in the reaction process, and decomposing the anion exchange resin through oxidative free radicals (such as .OH) generated in the reaction. The method is simple in equipment, moderate in operation conditions, complete in waste resin decomposition, free from secondary pollution, good in volume reduction effect, economic and efficient, and has a wider application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, particularly a kind of Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method is processed the method for radioactivity anion exchange resins.
Background technology
Ion exchange resin is usually used in Chemical Decomposition, purifying, preparation etc., also is widely used in nuclear power station, nuclear industry factories and miness, isotope preparation, radiochemistry research.Wherein, use normally styrene type strong alkali resin of more anion exchange resins, be powdery or granular, its particle diameter is generally 0.3~1.2mm, and matrix is the polystyrene of divinylbenzene crosslink, and function of exchange group is the quaternary ammonium radical ion.It has the 3 D stereo reticulate texture, take following structural formula as representative:
Consequent spent resin is the dispersivity material, adopts general packing container directly not dispose; Resin is organism, and is flammable, piles up for a long time fire hazardous; The spent resin volume change is large, quality is light, and therefore the nature hard degradation must properly dispose to reduce it to the potential threat of environment to it.
Common disposal route for spent resin (especially radioactive spent resin) has solidification method (cement solidification, plastics solidification, bitumen solidification, polymer cure etc.), the direct packing method of high integrity container, pressure sintering, oxygenolysis method, biochemical decomposition method, wash-out facture etc. at present.Cement solidification method technique comparative maturity, but cost is higher.Pressure sintering needs super compacting machine and heating arrangement, solve the waste liquid and the waste gas that produce in the compacting process, applies being subject to certain limitation.Biochemical decomposition method is the lower spent resin of suitable treatment specific activity only, it is not yet seen the report of commercial Application.Wash-out facture complex operation easily produces the secondary refuse.Wherein, Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method produces the very strong hydroxyl radical free radical (OH) of oxidisability by Fenton reaction (being ferrous salt and hydroperoxidation), and the various organic substances of oxidable decomposition have been subject to domestic and international experts and scholars' extensive concern.At present existing bibliographical information Ni
2+/ Cu
2+-H
2O
2, Mn
2+/ Cu
2+-H
2O
2, Fe
2+/ Cu
2+-H
2O
2And Cu
2+-H
2O
2System oxygenolysis spent resin adopts Fe but have no bibliographical information
2+/ Ce
3+-H
2O
2System.Rare-earth element cerium is transition metal, and character is active, is good reductive agent, with Fe
2+Can produce synergy, and then improve the degradation rate of system; And, bibliographical information Ce is arranged
3+/ Ce
4+With Fe
2+/ Fe
3+Similar, also can with H
2O
2The Fenton-like reaction occurs produce OH.Adopt the Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method reduces anions exchange resin of this catalyzer, generate at last carbon dioxide, water and on a small quantity without machine residue, cold anion exchange resins can properly be disposed after treatment; But contain radioactive nuclide without machine residue cement solidification after concentrated, greatly reduced the volume of spent resin, save storage, transportation and the disposal costs of refuse, had the advantages such as simple, non-secondary pollution, economical and effective, demonstrated wide application prospect.
Summary of the invention
Not enough for prior art, the invention provides the method that a kind of Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method is processed radioactivity anion exchange resins.
A kind of Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method is processed the method for radioactivity anion exchange resins, and its concrete scheme is as follows:
At first anion exchange resins is placed organic acid to soak at least 24h, and be 2.0~3.0 with the pH value that organic acid is adjusted the anion exchange resins after the swelling, afterwards with the anion exchange resins after the swelling and a certain amount of Fe
2+Solution and Ce
3+The mixed solution of solution places the reactor stirring reaction simultaneously, and temperature of reaction is 80~99 ℃, simultaneously with a certain amount of H
2O
2Aqueous solution is added dropwise to reactor, drips a certain amount of Fe simultaneously in reactor in the course of reaction
2+Solution and Ce
3+The mixed solution of solution, the oxidative free radical that produces by reaction is with the anion exchange resins oxygenolysis;
Each component reactant materials proportioning is in the method: when the treatment capacity of anion exchange resins is 10~30g, and initial Fe in the reactor
2+Solution and Ce
3+The mixed solution consumption of solution is 10~100mL, the H that is added dropwise to
2O
2The total amount of aqueous solution is 30~200mL, the Fe that is added dropwise to
2+Solution and Ce
3+The total amount of the mixed solution of solution is 10~100mL.
Described anion exchange resins is the granular wet resin of styrene type strong basicity, and water percentage is 60wt%~80wt%.
Described organic acid is acetic acid, ethane diacid, tartrate or citric acid.
Described Fe
2+Solution is that concentration is the FeSO of 0.5mol/L
47H
2O solution, Ce
3+Solution is that concentration is the Ce (NO of 0.5mol/L
3)
36H
2O solution, described Fe
2+Solution and Ce
3+Fe in the mixed solution of solution
2+With Ce
3+Molar ratio range be (1~3): 1.
Described H
2O
2H for volume fraction 30%
2O
2Aqueous solution.
Reaction the starting stage if any more serious bubble phenomenon, in course of reaction, drip defoamer to eliminate foam.
Described reactor is the four-hole round-bottomed flask, and stirring apparatus is mechanical raking or magnetic agitation, and heating arrangement is water-bath, oil bath, electric jacket or heating magnetic stirring apparatus.
The gas that reaction produces is through directly discharging behind the condensing reflux, and the raffinate in the reactor solidifies after concentrating to be disposed.
The groundwork principle that Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method is processed anion exchange resins is:
By the Fe of organic acid complexing on the anion exchange resins surface
2+With H
2O
2The Fenton reaction occuring produce hydroxyl radical free radical (OH), sees formula 1; Ce
3+Also can with H
2O
2The Fenton-like reaction occuring produce OH, sees formula 2.Owing to have reaction (3), Ce
3+Introducing can improve Fe
2+Catalytic efficiency.Cause subsequently a series of chain type oxidation reactions, produce the relatively poor free radical OOH of oxidisability, make Fe
2+Regeneration (formula 4 and 6).In the course of reaction, exist simultaneously some subsidiary reactions, see formula 7~12.The OH that produces in the system with namely react after anion exchange resins contacts, resin is converted into water-soluble straight chain polystyrene, ammoniacal liquor, carbon dioxide and water.After this straight chain polystyrene continues to be further oxided and is carbon dioxide and water.Anion exchange resins is represented with unimolecule then see formula (13) with the oxygenolysis overall reaction of functional moieties structure in the resin, formula (14) and (15) are seen in the decomposition reaction of crosslinking chemical and styrene matrix.
Fe
2++H
2O
2→Fe
3++·OH+OH
- (1)
Ce
3++H
2O
2→Ce
4++·OH+OH
- (2)
Fe
3++H
2O
2→Fe
2++·OOH+H
+ (4)
H
2O
2+·OOH→·OH+H
2O+O
2 (5)
Fe
3++·OOH→Fe
2++O
2+H
+ (6)
H
2O
2+·OH→H
2O+·OOH (7)
Fe
2++·OH→Fe
3++OH
- (8)
Fe
2++·OOH+H
+→Fe
3++H
2O
2 (9)
·OOH+·OOH→H
2O
2+O
2 (10)
·OOH+·OH→H
2O+O
2 (11)
·OH+·OH→H
2O
2 (12)
C
12H
19NO+31H
2O
2→12CO
2+NH
4OH+38H
2O (13)
C
10H
10+25H
2O
2→10CO
2+30H
2O (14)
C
8H
8+20H
2O
2→8CO
2+24H
2O (15)
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The inventive method equipment is simple, and operating conditions is gentle, need not High Temperature High Pressure; Can be efficiently, oxygenolysis anion exchange resins rapidly, do not produce toxic and harmful, without the secondary waste disposal problem; It is effective to subtract appearance, and economically feasible has larger application prospect.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method and process the method for radioactivity anion exchange resins, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Adopt Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method to process Amberlite IRN78 strong basicity quaternary ammonium I type anion exchange resins (Rohm﹠amp; Haas company, 909 types, nucleon level), treatment capacity is 10g, and water percentage is 60wt%, and adopting the acetic acid swelling to be acidified to pH is 2.0, and the adding total amount is that the concentration of 10mL is the FeSO of 0.5mol/L in the reactor simultaneously
47H
2O and concentration are the Ce (NO of 0.5mol/L
3)
36H
2The mixed solution of O solution, wherein Fe
2+And Ce
3+Mol ratio be 3:1; Mechanical raking, temperature of reaction are 96 ± 1 ℃.Drip volume fraction in the reactor and be 30% H
2O
2Aqueous solution, the reaction time is 2h, total consumption is 50mL; Simultaneously dripping concentration in the reactor in the course of reaction is the FeSO of 0.5mol/L
47H
2O and concentration are the Ce (NO of 0.5mol/L
3)
36H
2The mixed solution of O solution (Fe wherein
2+And Ce
3+Mol ratio be 3:1), total consumption is 20mL.H
2O
2Drip rear continuation stirring reaction 0.5h.In differential responses recording processing result during the time, see Table 1:
Table 1 Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method is processed IRN78 anion exchange process result data table
Processing time (min) | Resin resolution ratio (%) | TOC clearance (%) | Weight-loss ratio (%) |
15 | 28 | 19 | - |
30 | 52 | 36 | - |
60 | 79 | 64 | - |
90 | 91 | 82 | - |
120 | 99 | 91 | - |
150 | 100 | 99 | 72 |
Detection method: resin adopts UV, visible light spectrophotometer (Lambda25, PerkinElmer) and high performance liquid chromatography (Agilent1200Series, Agilent, USA) measure, the TOC value adopts total organic carbon/total blood urea/nitrogen analyzer (MultiN/C2100TOC/TN, Jena, Germany) to measure, weight adopts ML204 analytical balance (Mettler-Toledo, Switzerland) to measure.
Table 1 is the result show, the Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method that the present invention adopts is oxygenolysis anion exchange resins fast and effectively, and behind the reaction 150min, the resin resolution ratio is 99% up to 100%, TOC clearance, and weight-loss ratio is 72%.
Embodiment 2
Adopt Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method to process IRN78 anion exchange resins, treatment capacity is 30g, and water percentage is 70wt%, and adopting the citric acid swelling to be acidified to pH is 3.0, and the adding total amount is that the concentration of 10mL is the FeSO of 0.5mol/L in the reactor simultaneously
47H
2O and concentration are the Ce (NO of 0.5mol/L
3)
36H
2The mixed solution of O solution, wherein Fe
2+And Ce
3+Mol ratio be 2:1; Mechanical raking, temperature of reaction are 98 ± 1 ℃.The volume fraction that drips certain volume in the reaction vessel is 30% H
2O
2Aqueous solution, concentration are the FeSO of 0.5mol/L
47H
2O and concentration are the Ce (NO of 0.5mol/L
3)
36H
2The mixed solution of O solution (Fe wherein
2+And Ce
3+Mol ratio be 2:1), total consumption is 40mL, the reaction time is 2h, to use the volume fraction of different volumes be 30% H to record respectively
2O
2The result of amount of aqueous solution used sees Table 2:
Table 2 Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method is processed IRN78 anion exchange process result data table
H 2O 2Consumption (mL) | Resin resolution ratio (%) | TOC clearance (%) | Weight-loss ratio (%) |
50 | 35 | 24 | 21 |
100 | 66 | 47 | 41 |
150 | 91 | 80 | 65 |
200 | 100 | 99 | 75 |
Detection method: with embodiment 1.
Table 2 is the result show, the reaction time is 2h, drips the H of different amounts
2O
2Solution, the oxygenolysis efficient of anion exchange resins are also different, i.e. H
2O
2The consumption of solution is larger, and the anion exchange resins oxygenolysis is more thorough.Drip the H of 200mL
2O
2, behind the reaction 2h, resin is decomposed fully, and the TOC clearance is up to 99%, and weight-loss ratio is 75%.
Embodiment 3
Adopt Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method to process IRN78 anion exchange resins, treatment capacity is 20g, and water percentage is 60wt%, and adopting the ethane diacid swelling to be acidified to pH is 2.5; Mechanical raking, temperature of reaction are 95 ± 1 ℃; Drip volume fraction in the reaction vessel and be 30% H
2O
2Aqueous solution, the reaction time is 2h, total consumption is 150mL.Simultaneously dripping 40mL concentration in the reactor in the course of reaction is the FeSO of 0.5mol/L
47H
2O solution or total amount are that the concentration of 40mL is the FeSO of 0.5mol/L
47H
2O and concentration are the Ce (NO of 0.5mol/L
3)
36H
2The mixed solution of O solution (Fe wherein
2+And Ce
3+Mol ratio be 1:1), the result of resin under these two kinds of conditions relatively sees Table 3:
Table 3 comparative experiments result record sheet
Detection method: with embodiment 1.
Table 3 is the result show, adopts Fe
2+And Ce
3+As decomposition effect, TOC clearance, weight-loss ratio and the H of catalyzer to anion exchange resins
2O
2Utilization factor is all higher, and this is because Ce
3+Introducing can improve Fe
2+Catalytic efficiency, and Ce
3+Also can with H
2O
2The Fenton-like reaction occuring produce OH, has promoted the oxygenolysis efficient of anion exchange resins.This invents described Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method processing anion exchange resins, and operation is simple, and control and management has larger using value easily.
Claims (8)
1. a Wet Catalytic Oxidation Method is processed the method for radioactivity anion exchange resins, it is characterized in that concrete scheme is as follows:
At first anion exchange resins is placed organic acid to soak at least 24h, and be 2.0~3.0 with the pH value that organic acid is adjusted the anion exchange resins after the swelling, afterwards with the anion exchange resins after the swelling and a certain amount of Fe
2+Solution and Ce
3+The mixed solution of solution places the reactor stirring reaction simultaneously, and temperature of reaction is 80~99 ℃, simultaneously with a certain amount of H
2O
2Aqueous solution is added dropwise to reactor, drips a certain amount of Fe simultaneously in reactor in the course of reaction
2+Solution and Ce
3+The mixed solution of solution, the oxidative free radical that produces by reaction is with the anion exchange resins oxygenolysis;
Each component reactant materials proportioning is in the method: when the treatment capacity of anion exchange resins is 10~30g, and initial Fe in the reactor
2+Solution and Ce
3+The mixed solution consumption of solution is 10~100mL, the H that is added dropwise to
2O
2The total amount of aqueous solution is 30~200mL, the Fe that is added dropwise to
2+Solution and Ce
3+The total amount of the mixed solution of solution is 10~100mL.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anion exchange resins is the granular wet resin of styrene type strong basicity, and water percentage is 60wt%~80wt%.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described organic acid is acetic acid, ethane diacid, tartrate or citric acid.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Fe
2+Solution is that concentration is the FeSO of 0.5mol/L
47H
2O solution, Ce
3+Solution is that concentration is the Ce (NO of 0.5mol/L
3)
36H
2O solution, described Fe
2+Solution and Ce
3+Fe in the mixed solution of solution
2+With Ce
3+Molar ratio range be (1~3): 1.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described H
2O
2H for volume fraction 30%
2O
2Aqueous solution.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: reaction the starting stage if any more serious bubble phenomenon, in course of reaction, drip defoamer to eliminate foam.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reactor is the four-hole round-bottomed flask, and stirring apparatus is mechanical raking or magnetic agitation, and heating arrangement is water-bath, oil bath, electric jacket or heating magnetic stirring apparatus.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the gas that reaction produces is through directly discharging behind the condensing reflux, and the raffinate in the reactor solidifies disposal after concentrated.
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CN107004450A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2017-08-01 | 阿海珐有限公司 | Method and apparatus for reclaiming radionuclide from the resin material after |
CN107744808A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-03-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The preparation method of class Fenton's reaction catalyst and its method for oxidation sewage treatment |
CN108538420A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-14 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of processing method of Spent Radioactive anion exchange resin |
CN113096843A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-09 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Method for treating radioactive solid waste |
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CN107004450A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2017-08-01 | 阿海珐有限公司 | Method and apparatus for reclaiming radionuclide from the resin material after |
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CN108538420A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-14 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of processing method of Spent Radioactive anion exchange resin |
CN107744808A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-03-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The preparation method of class Fenton's reaction catalyst and its method for oxidation sewage treatment |
CN113096843A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-09 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Method for treating radioactive solid waste |
CN113096843B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2024-04-23 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Method for treating radioactive solid waste |
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