CN103366838B - A kind of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system - Google Patents
A kind of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103366838B CN103366838B CN201310300734.7A CN201310300734A CN103366838B CN 103366838 B CN103366838 B CN 103366838B CN 201310300734 A CN201310300734 A CN 201310300734A CN 103366838 B CN103366838 B CN 103366838B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system, this system comprises: the air natural circulation system crossed in immersion type plate air cooler and fused salt natural cycle system; Wherein, immersion type plate air cooler comprises air in, air flow channel and the air out that fused salt import that vertical direction forms successively, fused salt runner and fused salt outlet and horizontal direction are formed successively; The air natural circulation system comprises: the blast pipe connected by immersion type plate air cooler and discharge pipe; The fused salt circulation system comprises: fused salt import, fused salt runner and fused salt export and be located at the diversion trench of fused salt outlet downstream.This system is directly cooled buffering fused salt by air, omits the intercycle loop of existing reactor design, improves cooling effect; In a safe condition without the need to relying on lost core power to maintain system; Avoid multiple equipment and pipeline accident risk, improve security of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the engineered safeguards features technical field of reactor, relate more specifically to a kind of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system.
Background technology
After nuclear reactor shutdown, due to the residue fission of heap in-core and the decay of fission product, the caloric requirement of generation is set out reactor core by the special residual heat removal system arranged.Otherwise thermal accumlation and temperature raise and may cause nuclear safety accident in heap.MSR is after breakdown, and the waste heat of reactor core is downloaded in the buffer salt of molten salt pool, needs set of system to carry out non-active cooling to buffer salt equally.
Non-active safe design theory is adopted to be the development trend of current advanced nuclear reactor.The AP1000 advanced pressurized water reactor of such as S Design devises passive residual heat and sets out system, only rely on gravity-actuated, but its non-active cooling effect can only maintain 72 hours, need the external world to provide power to carry out moisturizing to it afterwards, still there is certain potential safety hazard.
Nuclear energy technology design and research institute of Tsing-Hua University provides a kind of Heat Discharging System of Chinese of high temperature gas cooled reactor.After shutdown, the waste heat of reactor core passes to water-cooling wall by radiation and natural convection; Then the chilled water in water-cooling wall is passed to; Through Natural Circulation, the waste heat in chilled water is derived again.The cooling of this water-cooling wall adopts water as the carrier of heat, and working temperature is lower, and water is liquid at normal temperatures, is beneficial to the realization of systemic-function.But for the engineered safeguards features of MSR, because temperature of molten salt is too high, can reach about 1000 degree under accident conditions, and water touches high-temperature molten salt long-living gasification acutely can produce explosive hydrogen, so water can not be adopted as heat carrier under fused salt degree accident conditions simultaneously.
China Experiment Fast Reactor provides a kind of Heat Discharging System of Chinese equally, after shutdown, its waste heat can import in sodium pond, it is opened or closes by power drive to discharge this intake air lock in the system of sodium pond heat, reduce security, and this system needs 1 ‰ of lost core thermal power under reactor core accidental conditions.In the cooling system of China Experiment Fast Reactor sodium pond, derive in the system of sodium pond heat, still use Liquid Sodium as cooling medium.The boiling point of sodium only has an appointment 881 degree, can not meet the needs of heat conduction under MSR accident conditions.
The common defects of above-mentioned two kinds of prior aries is also: natural convection loop in the middle of 1) needing to rely on to the discharge of waste heat, thus indirectly but not directly cool cooling medium, cooling effect must be subject to the impact of middle natural convection loop; 2) the tubular heat exchanger equipment adopted is huge, and resistance is higher relative to plate type heat exchanger, and layout is comparatively difficult, and construction costs is high; 3) system is time for subsequent use, not solidifying, needing cooling medium to be in flow state always to maintain cooling medium, and just now flowing velocity is slow.But whole system does not have power again, can only provide power by density difference, this just needs some fused salts to be cooled, and cools fused salt and just mean the loss having energy, causes the utilization factor of heat to reduce; 4) equipment is more, adds the hazards of system.5) if with to the such hot environment of MSR, water or sodium all also exist greater risk as cooling working medium.
The feature of prior art, discharges the needs of waste heat under can not meeting MSR accident conditions.
Summary of the invention
In order to the problem that the heat exchange efficiency solving the existence of above-mentioned prior art is comparatively low, the present invention aims to provide a kind of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system.
The invention provides a kind of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system, described MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system comprises: the air natural circulation system and fused salt natural cycle system, and the described air natural circulation system and fused salt natural cycle system cross being arranged in the immersion type plate air cooler in molten salt pool; Wherein, described immersion type plate air cooler comprises air in, air flow channel and the air out that fused salt import that vertical direction forms successively, fused salt runner and fused salt outlet and horizontal direction are formed successively; The air natural circulation system comprises: the blast pipe connected by described immersion type plate air cooler and discharge pipe; Wherein, described blast pipe is connected with the air in of described immersion type plate air cooler, and described discharge pipe is connected with the air out of described immersion type plate air cooler; The fused salt circulation system comprises: the fused salt import formed successively from top to bottom, fused salt runner and fused salt export and be located at the diversion trench of described fused salt outlet downstream; Wherein, the high-temperature molten salt of molten salt pool upper end enters from described fused salt import, successively by fused salt runner, fused salt outlet and diversion trench, finally flows to the lower end of molten salt pool.
Described MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system also comprises the cooling tower be connected with another end of described discharge pipe.
The import of described blast pipe is provided with shutter, and the outlet of described cooling tower is provided with out air door.
Described shutter and go out air door and rely on gravity to open completely after reactor trip.
The outer wall of described blast pipe, discharge pipe and cooling tower is provided with heat-insulating heat-preserving material.
The top of described molten salt pool is filled with molten protection gas, and described molten protection gas is communicated with gas tank with decompressor by valve successively.
Described molten salt pool is also provided with blowdown valve.
Owing to have employed above-mentioned technical solution, MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) directly cooled fused salt in immersion type plate air cooler by air, eliminate middle natural convection loop, improve cooling effect; 2) system and device adopting two fused salt heat exchanging device DHX, the fused salt air cooler NDHX of fusedsalt reactor design outside immersion type plate air cooler subrogate country, buffer tank and pipeline to form, simplifies system, and cost reduces; 3) because all fused salts are all in molten salt pool, there is not the frozen problem of fused salt, and air is gas at normal temperatures, also can not be frozen, so do not need by losing a part of heat and maintain fused salt or air being in flowable status system, when stand-by state can by shutter with go out air door and close, without the need to relying on lost core power 1 ‰ in a safe condition to maintain system, the utilization factor of raising heat; 4) decrease equipment, avoid multiple equipment and pipeline accident risk, improve security of system; 5) when nuclear power plant's power cut of whole factory, non-active shutter and non-active go out point door rely on gravity all to open, achieve passive residual heat removal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the immersion plate type heat exchanger of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system is according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention overlooked.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, provide preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be described in detail.
MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to an embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 1-2, comprises molten salt pool 100, immersion type plate air cooler 102, and passes through blast pipe 110 and the discharge pipe 107 of immersion type plate air cooler 102 connection.Reactor is arranged in molten salt pool 100, is filled with buffering fused salt in this molten salt pool 100.Immersion type plate air cooler 102 is arranged in described molten salt pool 100, and blast pipe 110 is as the entrance of the cooling duct of immersion type plate air cooler 102, and discharge pipe 107 is as the outlet of the cooling duct of immersion type plate air cooler 102.Another end of discharge pipe 107 is connected with cooling tower 112.The import of blast pipe 110 is provided with non-active shutter 111, the outlet of cooling tower 112 be provided with non-active go out air door 108.The outer wall of described blast pipe 110, discharge pipe 107 and cooling tower 112 is provided with heat-insulating heat-preserving material 109.
Wherein, described immersion type plate air cooler 102 comprises air in, air flow channel and the air out that fused salt import 121 that vertical direction forms successively, fused salt runner 122 and fused salt outlet 123 and horizontal direction are formed successively; The high-temperature molten salt of molten salt pool 100 upper end enters fused salt runner 122 from the fused salt import 121 of immersion type plate type heat exchanger 102, then enters into diversion trench 124 from fused salt outlet 123, finally flows to the lower end of molten salt pool 100, forms fused salt natural cycle system; Air arrives air in by blast pipe 110, discharge from air out after being heated in air flow channel and enter discharge pipe 107, finally by cooling tower 112 from non-active go out air door 108 discharge, form the air natural circulation system, heat reaches air the most at last, realizes the non-active discharge to MSR waste heat.
Described molten salt pool 100 is filled with molten protection gas topmost, and described molten protection gas is communicated with gas tank 103 with decompressor 104 by valve 105 successively.Described molten salt pool 100 is also provided with blowdown valve 106.Fused salt and air separate by this molten protection gas on the one hand, prevent fused salt oxidized, can provide certain pressure on the other hand for system.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, described molten salt pool 100 is cylindrical, sets gradually 4 immersion type plate air coolers 102 in described molten salt pool 100, and the circumferential wall that described immersion type plate air cooler 102 is posted by described molten salt pool 100 is arranged.Wherein, every two immersion type plate air coolers 102 share a cooling tower 112, and the heat transferring plate of described immersion type plate air cooler 102 arranges consistent with the circumferential wall radian of described molten salt pool 100.
During normal reactor operation, reactor core only has few heat to be downloaded in molten salt pool, now need not consider the cooling of fused salt, and whole cooling system is in stand-by state, shutter 111 with go out air door 108 and be in closed condition.
When rising to non-security value due to the temperature of molten salt that reactor operation is improper or other reasons causes, the temperature of molten salt near reactor core starts to raise, the shutter of system 111 with go out air door 108 and open certain angle (0 ~ 90 degree).Now, MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to the present invention comprises two natural convection loops:
(1) fused salt in the fused salt runner of immersion type plate air cooler 102 is increased by density after Air flow, gravity orders about and flows downward, fused salt near reactor core is heated rear density and is reduced, upwards flow, and take the heat of reactor core to immersion type plate air cooler 102, thus form the natural convection loop of fused salt;
(2) hot-air in cooling tower 112 is higher than extraneous air themperature, density is low, create air-lift unit power, cold air is driven to be sucked into immersion type plate air cooler 102 from non-active shutter 111, cold air is dipped into plate-type air cooler 102 and heats rear stream cooling tower 112, thus defines the natural convection loop of air.
Be to be understood that, for MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system of the present invention, its blast pipe and discharge pipe are except being arranged at intervals at the top of molten salt pool as shown in fig. 1, the side of molten salt pool can be arranged at equally, as long as form circulation path with the immersion type plate air cooler be arranged in molten salt pool.
Above-described, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not used to limit scope of the present invention, the above embodiment of the present invention can also make a variety of changes.Namely every claims according to the present patent application and description are done simple, equivalence change and modify, and all fall into the claims of patent of the present invention.The not detailed description of the present invention be routine techniques content.
Claims (7)
1. a MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system, it is characterized in that, described MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system comprises the air natural circulation system and fused salt natural cycle system, and the described air natural circulation system and fused salt natural cycle system cross being arranged in the immersion type plate air cooler (102) in molten salt pool (100);
Wherein, described immersion type plate air cooler (102) comprises air in, air flow channel and the air out that fused salt import (121) that vertical direction forms successively, fused salt runner (122) and fused salt outlet (123) and horizontal direction are formed successively;
The air natural circulation system comprises the blast pipe (110) and discharge pipe (107) that are connected by described immersion type plate air cooler (102); Wherein, described blast pipe (110) is connected with the air in of described immersion type plate air cooler (102), and described discharge pipe (107) is connected with the air out of described immersion type plate air cooler (102);
Fused salt natural cycle system comprise form successively from top to bottom fused salt import (121), fused salt runner (122) and fused salt outlet (123) and be located at described fused salt outlet (123) downstream diversion trench (124); Wherein, the high-temperature molten salt of molten salt pool (100) upper end enters from described fused salt import (121), successively by fused salt runner (122), fused salt outlet (123) and diversion trench (124), finally flow to the lower end of molten salt pool (100).
2. MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system also comprises the cooling tower (112) be connected with another end of described discharge pipe (107).
3. MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the import of described blast pipe (110) is provided with shutter (111), and the outlet of described cooling tower (112) is provided with out air door (108).
4. MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described shutter (111) and go out air door (108) and rely on gravity to open completely after reactor trip.
5. MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the outer wall of described blast pipe (110), discharge pipe (107) and cooling tower (112) is provided with heat-insulating heat-preserving material (109).
6. MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described molten salt pool (100) is filled with molten protection gas topmost, and described molten protection gas is communicated with gas tank (103) with decompressor (104) by valve (105) successively.
7. MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described molten salt pool (100) is also provided with blowdown valve (106).
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| CN201310300734.7A CN103366838B (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2013-07-17 | A kind of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system |
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| CN201310300734.7A CN103366838B (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2013-07-17 | A kind of MSR buffer salt natural circulation cooling system |
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| CN103366838A CN103366838A (en) | 2013-10-23 |
| CN103366838B true CN103366838B (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103996419A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-20 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Molten salt reactor waste heat cooling device and method thereof |
| CN106710643B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-08-14 | 环境保护部核与辐射安全中心 | Nuclear reactor |
| CN105788674A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-20 | 西安交通大学 | Novel high-temperature heat pipe-based passive residual heat removal system for molten salt reactor |
| RU2691755C2 (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2019-06-18 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" | Method of natural circulation of a liquid metal coolant of a fast neutron reactor |
| CN108206065B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | A kind of molten salt reactor upper chamber |
| CN108492894B (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-11-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of safe cooling device of fused salt |
| CN109065196B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-12-20 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Preparation device and preparation method of molten salt reactor liquid fuel |
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| GB1494055A (en) * | 1974-12-24 | 1977-12-07 | Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann | Molten salt in a nuclear reactor |
| FR2359484A1 (en) * | 1976-07-22 | 1978-02-17 | Electricite De France | INTEGRATED HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE FOR MOLTEN SALT NUCLEAR REACTOR |
| FR2561367B1 (en) * | 1984-02-14 | 1986-08-29 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | HEAT EXCHANGER HAVING EMERGENCY COOLING MEANS AND FAST NEUTRON NUCLEAR REACTOR COMPRISING SUCH AN EXCHANGER |
| ITMI20070773A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-17 | Luciano Cinotti | SYSTEM FOR HEAT EXHAUST RESIDUE FROM A LIQUID METAL-COOLED NUCLEAR REACTOR OR FUSI SALTS |
| JP2010025476A (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2010-02-04 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Heat exchanger |
| JP2010025480A (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2010-02-04 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Heat exchanger and method for manufacturing the heat exchanger |
| KR100966854B1 (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-06-29 | 한국원자력연구원 | Fully passive decay heat removal system for sodium cooled fast reactor with a partially-immersed decay heat exchanger |
| PL2758965T3 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2018-02-28 | HUKE, Armin | Dual fluid reactor |
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