CN103354525A - System and method for realizing wide area network anycast load balancing based on OpenFlow - Google Patents
System and method for realizing wide area network anycast load balancing based on OpenFlow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Under the condition that existing protocols of a wide-area internet are not changed, a wide area network anycast load balancing progressive deployment scheme, which is economical, feasible, highly-available and extensible, is realized by utilizing flexibility and configurability of a proprietary network which is formed through deployment of anycast switches and a anycast controller on a network; so that problems that currently, in the realization of load balancing by utilizing Anycast, global control capability and flexibility are weak, and the like can be solved.
Description
Technical field
Patent application of the present invention belongs to computer network field, relates to particularly OpenFlow realization wide area network and appoints the system and method for broadcasting load balancing.
Background technology
The development of the Internet head and shoulders above the imagination during initial design.The network traffics that rapidly increase are seriously testing interconnected online content, service provider's responding ability.Even according to the network that allocation optimum is built, in face of user's request of rapid growth, also can feel overload very soon.Especially core net part, its data traffic and calculating strength are big, so that single equipment can't be born at all.
A common solution tackling this problem is the number of nodes that increases respond services in the network.Each node can be a main frame, also can be a mainframe cluster.These nodes are distributed in the diverse location in the network, and common response is to the request of this service.The key problem of this solution is how to finish the rational traffic carrying capacity distribution of realization between a plurality of network nodes of said function, and be unlikely to occur one node is excessively busy and other node is not given full play to the situation of disposal ability, therefore load-balancing mechanism arises at the historic moment.
Anycast is a kind of network service mode that defines in RFC1546.In the middle of Anycast, an Anycast address is used to identify one group of main frame that same services is provided.The data message that sends to this Anycast address will be delivered to any in this group main frame.This is a kind of stateless, the network delivery service of doing one's best.In the middle of Anycast, data source does not need to be concerned about which Anycast server can be received the message that it sends on earth, and it only need to send request to the Anycast address, and route system will be chosen the only path of Anycast server.This specific character of Anycast makes its load balancing at Wide Area Network have the larger space that utilizes.
At present, the Anycast on the Wide Area Network mainly is by realizing take the application layer solution (application layer Anycast) of domain name analysis system (Domain Name System, DNS) as the basis.In the middle of application layer Anycast, utilize domain name as the address of Anycast service.In order to realize the purpose of load balancing, domain name resolution server is according to certain strategy (for example poll or according to the segmentation of IP prefix), will be to the request analysis of same domain name to different IP addresses, make the common response of a plurality of servers or server cluster to the request of a certain service, thereby realize load balancing.
Mainly there is following defective in application layer Anycast scheme based on DNS:
The timely state variation of response to network node.In this scheme, when certain network node breaks down, when losing response, dns server can not in time find, still can be with a part of request analysis to the network node of fault, thus cause the part request without response.
The modification of DNS rule comes into force slowly.Because the mapping relations between local dns server meeting buffer memory domain name and the IP address are so the change of DNS can not come into force in whole network at once.Like this, even the network manager finds that in time a certain network node lost efficacy, and delete corresponding DNS record, still, whole Wide Area Network is a few hours possibly, even possible a couple of days could this change of perception.In the meantime, the node of inefficacy still can receive service request, and causes the HTTP mistake.
Be difficult for the sensing network load state, can't make optimal selection.Load balancing scheme based on DNS is difficult for sensing network topological structure or link load situation, selects thereby can't make optimum load balancing.Therefore, request may a directed relatively congested or remote network node.
Shorten the effective time of local dns server buffer memory, can improve the response speed that network changes the DNS rule, but this scheme can significantly increase the load of top dns server.On the other hand, most of domain name mapping requests all need to be forwarded to top dns server through local dns server to be processed, and this scheme has increased the response time of DNS on the network greatly.
OpenFlow is proposed in 2007 by the Clean State project team of Stanford University, is the core technology that realizes software defined network.Briefly, OpenFlow is exactly a new switch design scheme and supporting communication protocol with it, so that the data retransmission plane that network research person or developer can the accesses network switch/router.Its core concept is that the route control logic of switch and data retransmission function are separated, and jointly finishes so that traditional message repeating process by switch/router control becomes by OpenFlow controller (OpenFlow Controller) and OpenFlow switch (OpenFlow Switch).By control and separating of transmitting, the OpenFlow technology is so that complicated traffic management becomes possibility.
The characteristic of utilizing the routing forwarding key-course of OpenFlow to separate with data Layer, can realize the Anycast service in network layer, mainly be the OpenFlow technology to be applied to content requests appoint and broadcast in (Content Anycast), to improve the performance of content distributing network (Content Distribution Network).The central idea of this scheme is to identify each file with a unique file ID of the overall situation, and utilizes the corresponding relation of OpenFlow controller maintenance documentation ID and file server tabulation.By revising the OpenFlow agreement, file server can be redirected to a minute request (request) that exceeds this server handling ability in the OpenFlow controller, according to network resource status, redistribute answering server by the OpenFlow controller for this request, realize GSLB.The major defect of this scheme shows as following two aspects:
1. need to be ID of each file allocation.In this scheme, need to be unique file ID of the overall situation of every kind of file allocation, and in the OpenFlow controller, need to preserve All Files ID and corresponding file server tabulation.Under wan environment, the generation of file and destruction are present in each corner of network, and this is so that the file ID allocative decision of safeguarding unity becomes an almost impossible mission.In addition, along with the expansion of disposing scope, need the size of mapping table of the file ID safeguarded and file server also increasing in the OpenFlow controller.Be subject to storage capacity and the disposal ability of OpenFlow controller, the extensibility of this scheme is not strong, is difficult to realize overall situation deployment.
2. need to revise Transmission Control Protocol.In order to dispose this scheme, need to revise the Transmission Control Protocol message format, add therein the file ID field, to indicate the file that needs download.Simultaneously, need on client computer and file server, revise simultaneously the realization of Transmission Control Protocol, with the TCP heading behind the analytic modification.The Transmission Control Protocol of disposing in this amended Transmission Control Protocol and the current network each other can not be compatible, so that this scheme is difficult to be disposed on a large scale in the middle of the existing network system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has proposed a kind of OpenFlow realization wide area network and has appointed the system and method for broadcasting load balancing in order to overcome defects.
A kind of OpenFlow realization wide area network is appointed the system of broadcasting load balancing, comprise: appoint and to broadcast controller, appoint the proprietary network of broadcasting switch and formation thereof, broadcast controller control for described and appoint the allocate and recycle of broadcasting address (Anycast Address), and for appointing the request broadcast to formulate rational routing decision; Broadcast among the Autonomous Domain AS that switch is distributed in wide area network for described, link to each other with the Anycast service device, request is transmitted to the Anycast service device; Broadcast controller and link to each other with described, periodically the network load information that counts on is sent to described and broadcast controller, for path decision provides foundation; Broadcast for described and be connected to each other the formation proprietary network between the switch; Broadcast switch for described and need externally to announce the IP address prefix that is used for Anycast service.
A kind of OpenFlow realization wide area network is appointed the method for broadcasting load balancing, is applied to comprise the steps: in the said system
Appoint and to broadcast switch and externally announce Anycast service IP address prefix;
Appoint the request broadcast to broadcast switch and enter proprietary network by appointing;
If broadcast and have corresponding stream table rule on the switch for described, request is forwarded on the Anycast service device of appointment according to stream table rule; If broadcast and do not have corresponding stream table rule on the switch for described, request will be sent out takes office Broadcast Control device processed; Broadcast controller for described and select a suitable Anycast service device according to network resource status information for request, generate stream table rule, and be issued to corresponding and broadcast in the switch, then broadcast the stream table rule that generates described in the switch according to described and be transmitted to the Anycast service device.
With respect to traditional load balancing scheme based on DNS, the beneficial effect of this programme comprises: feasibility.Do not change existing network protocol, by in existing network, disposing OpenFlow equipment, realize the Gradually Deploy scheme, and by dispose OpenFlow equipment externally bulletin appoint and broadcast address prefix.Applicability.Different application scenarioss needs different load balancings.This is difficult to realize in traditional DNS load balancing scheme; And in this programme, broadcast controller by appointing, can make amendment to load balancing easily.Extensibility.When new Anycast service adds fashionablely, this programme only needs in office broadcasting in the address space as it distributes one to appoint and broadcast the address, the server access is appointed broadcast on the switch, and in office broadcasting in the controller gets final product for its formulation load balancing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: wide area network deployment scheme Organization Chart
Fig. 2: example architecture figure
Fig. 3: respond to appoint and broadcast the request schematic diagram
Fig. 3 a sends to dispose to appoint in the main frame Autonomous Domain of request and broadcasts switch;
Fig. 3 b sends to have disposed in the main frame Autonomous Domain of request to appoint and broadcasts switch
Embodiment
The purpose of this programme is in the situation that does not change the wide area Internet agreement, by broadcasting switch in the acting of network top, appointing and to broadcast controller, consists of proprietary network, realizes that economic, feasible, available, the extendible wide area network of height appoints the load balancing scheme of broadcasting.Proprietary network mainly comprises:
Appoint and broadcast controller.Appoint and broadcast the core devices that controller is proprietary network, Main Function has two aspects.One, the allocate and recycle of broadcasting address (Anycast Address) is appointed in controller control.In order to realize Anycast service at the IP layer, this scheme need to be specified an IP address for each Anycast service.In order to improve autgmentability to support more Anycast service, one section IP address of the pre-first to file of this programme is responsible for allocate and recycle as the address set of Anycast service by controller.Its two, controller is for appointing the request broadcast to formulate rational routing decision.In controller and the network all are appointed and are broadcast switch and link to each other, and by periodically broadcasting switch and communicate with appointing, the loading condition of broadcasting switch network is appointed in perception, thereby broadcasts the rational routing decision of request formulation for appointing.These routing decisions issue to take office with the form of OpenFlow stream table rule and broadcast in the switch, thereby will appoint the request broadcast to be directed on the only Anycast service device.
Appoint the proprietary network of broadcasting switch and formation thereof.Appoint and to broadcast in each Autonomous Domain that switch is distributed in wide area network, be connected to each other by tunnel or special line, form proprietary network.Appoint and to broadcast switch and carry out data retransmission according to the stream table rule that controller issues.Appoint and to broadcast switch and link to each other with the Anycast service device, request is transmitted to the Anycast service device; Link to each other with controller, periodically the network load information that counts on is sent to controller, for controller provides foundation as routing decision.
Fig. 1 has described the main framework of whole scheme.Wherein (1) is Autonomous Domain (Autonomous System, AS), (2) be to appoint to broadcast controller, (3) be to appoint to broadcast switch, (4) be to appoint to broadcast being connected between switch and the Anycast service device, (5) are the Anycast service devices, and (6) are proprietary networks of times broadcasting between the switch, (7) be to appoint to broadcast controller and appoint the control connection of broadcasting between the switch, (8) are the main frames that the user uses.As shown in the figure, wide area network is made of a plurality of AS, as gradual scheme, appoints and to broadcast switch and the Anycast service device is deployed in the part Autonomous Domain.Therefore, broadcast switch and whether the Anycast service device is disposed according to appointing, the Autonomous Domain in the whole wide area network can be divided into three kinds of situations: only dispose to appoint and broadcast switch; Dispose to appoint and broadcast switch and Anycast service device; Do not dispose to appoint and broadcast switch and Anycast service device.Therefore, the user to meeting with a response, needs through following step from asking an Anycast service:
Appoint and broadcast the IP address prefix that is used for Anycast service that the external bulletin of switch is applied for.When existing a plurality of to broadcast switch among the AS, only have a switch externally to announce the IP address prefix.
Appoint the request broadcast to broadcast switch and enter proprietary network by appointing: (a) to appoint when broadcasting switch when user place Autonomous Domain exists, appoint the request broadcast to be sent to appointing of user place Autonomous Domain according to the IP address prefix of having announced and broadcast switch.(b) when not existing, user place Autonomous Domain do not appoint when broadcasting switch, request will be by Border Gateway Protocol (the Border Gateway Protocol of Autonomous Domain, BGP) route announcement obtained of switch is forwarded to exist and appoints an Autonomous Domain of broadcasting switch, then carries out the operation of (a).
When appointing the request broadcast to arrive to appoint when broadcasting switch, if there is corresponding stream table rule on the switch, request is forwarded on the Anycast service device of appointment according to stream table rule; If there is not corresponding stream table rule on the switch, request will be sent to controller.Controller is selected a suitable Anycast service device according to network resource status information for request, generates stream table rule, and is issued to corresponding and broadcasts in the switch.Request will be transmitted to the Anycast service device according to the stream table rule in the switch.
The below is with an example explanation this programme.As shown in Figure 2, dispose three and broadcast switch (OF1, OF2, OF3) in three Autonomous Domains of A, C, the D of wide area network, they are interconnected by IP tunnel each other.Appoint and to broadcast switch and connect by the OpenFlow agreement and take office Broadcast Control device C processed.OF1 is connected with OF2 and is connected an Anycast service device (S1, S2).Appoint and to broadcast controller C and collect the information that each broadcasts switch, and broadcast switch and issue and transmit rule to appointing.In order to support Anycast service, this programme application one section IP address 197.10.5.0/27, broadcast address set X as appointing of load balancing scheme.This is broadcast address set and broadcasts controller C and be responsible for distributing and management by appointing.Appoint and to broadcast switch (OF1, OF2, OF3) announce IP address prefix 197.10.5.0/27 in this territory, the bgp router of Autonomous Domain A is externally announced the 197.10.5.0/27 address prefix.
Suppose to set up a large file transfer services of FTP, (S1, S2) provides service by two-server, is connected to appoint to broadcast on switch OF1 and the OF2.Appoint and to broadcast controller C and broadcast the address set X as this Anycast service distributes one to appoint and broadcast the address from appointing, be assumed to be 197.10.5.1, Anycast service 197.10.5.1 is S1 and S2 configuration of IP address, and namely server S 1 and S2 have IP address 197.10.5.1.This programme needs in office broadcasting to be the balanced rule of Anycast service configuration load among the controller C.Because FTP need to take larger bandwidth and carry out transfer of data, be to carry out Route Selection according to offered load than better suited scheme therefore.
Certain main frame is initiated a request for this Anycast service and (is broadcast the IP address by appointing of having distributed on network, such as the 197.10.5.1 address that has dispensed among the figure one) time, broadcast switch according to whether existing in the main frame place Autonomous Domain of initiating request to appoint, have following two kinds of situations, respectively by shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b.
The first situation is shown in Fig. 3 a, and wherein (1)～(6) are following steps 1～6, when dispose appointing in the Autonomous Domain B of the main frame U1 place of the request of sending when broadcasting switch,
1. Autonomous Domain B obtains to appoint the routing iinformation of broadcasting the address address set from Border Gateway Protocol (Border Gateway Protocol, BGP), and therefore request at first is forwarded on the boundary gateway router of this Autonomous Domain.
2. the boundary gateway router of Autonomous Domain B is forwarded on the boundary gateway router of Autonomous Domain A by the inquiry bgp routing information;
3. broadcast switch owing to having disposed among the Autonomous Domain A to appoint, so according to appointing the address prefix 197.10.5.0/27 that broadcasts the switch bulletin among the Autonomous Domain A, request is transmitted to appoint broadcasts switch.Broadcast the forwarding-table item that does not exist in the switch for this request if appoint, carry out step 4, otherwise carry out step 6.
4. request will be sent out and take office Broadcast Control device C processed and process.Appoint and to broadcast controller C and select a suitable Anycast service device according to corresponding rule for this request, be assumed to be S1, respond, it is regular to calculate the stream table, and is issued to and times broadcasts switch OF1.
Respond skips steps 6 5.OF1 according to stream table rule this request is forwarded to Anycast service device S1.
6. request is forwarded to Anycast service device S1 according to rule, and by S1 request is responded.
Situation two: shown in Fig. 3 b, when switch is broadcast in Autonomous Domain inner acting in the main frame place of the request of sending, according to appointing the address prefix 197.10.5.0/27 that broadcasts the switch bulletin, appoint the request of broadcasting to be forwarded to take office and broadcast on the switch OF3.When appointing when broadcasting the forwarding-table item that exists in the switch for this request, request will directly be forwarded to appoint according to rule broadcasts switch OF2.After switch receives request, according to rule request is forwarded to server S 2, and by Anycast service device S2 respective handling is carried out in request.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: realization said system and all or part of of embodiment of the method can be finished by the relevant hardware of program command, also can finish by software.Above embodiment only is used for technical scheme of the present invention is described, is not intended to limit.Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those skilled in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement, and these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an OpenFlow realization wide area network is appointed the system of broadcasting load balancing, comprise: appoint and to broadcast controller, appoint the proprietary network of broadcasting switch and formation thereof, it is characterized in that: broadcast controller control for described and appoint the allocate and recycle of broadcasting address (Anycast Address), and for appointing the request broadcast to formulate rational routing decision; Broadcast among the Autonomous Domain AS that switch is distributed in wide area network for described, link to each other with the Anycast service device, request is transmitted to the Anycast service device; Broadcast controller and link to each other with described, periodically the network load information that counts on is sent to described and broadcast controller, for path decision provides foundation; Broadcast for described and be connected to each other the formation proprietary network between the switch; Broadcasting switch for described needs externally to announce to appoint to broadcast address prefix.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, broadcasts switch for described and broadcasts the stream table rule that controller issues according to described and carry out data retransmission.
3. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described stream table rule is for the path of proprietary network and appoint the path of broadcasting between switch and the Anycast service device.
4. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, for each Anycast service specifies an IP address as the address set of Anycast service.
5. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, broadcasts between the switch for described to be connected to each other by tunnel or special line.
6. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, broadcasts among the Autonomous Domain AS that switch is distributed in wide area network for described to be specially: only dispose to appoint in a described Autonomous Domain AS and broadcast switch; Perhaps dispose to appoint and broadcast switch and Anycast service device; Perhaps do not dispose to appoint and broadcast switch and Anycast service device.
7. an OpenFlow realization wide area network is appointed the method for broadcasting load balancing, is applied to a kind of OpenFlow realization wide area network claimed in claim 1 and appoints in the system of broadcasting load balancing, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Appoint and broadcast the IP address prefix that the external bulletin of switch is used for Anycast service;
Appoint the request broadcast to broadcast switch and enter proprietary network by appointing;
If broadcast and have corresponding stream table rule on the switch for described, request is forwarded on the Anycast service device of appointment according to stream table rule; If broadcast and do not have corresponding stream table rule on the switch for described, request will be sent out takes office Broadcast Control device processed; Broadcast controller for described and select a suitable Anycast service device according to network resource status information for request, generate stream table rule, and be issued to corresponding and broadcast in the switch, then broadcast the stream table rule that generates described in the switch according to described and be transmitted to the Anycast service device.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, broadcasts request for described and broadcasts switch and enter proprietary network and specifically comprise by appointing:
Exist to appoint when broadcasting switch when user place Autonomous Domain, broadcast the externally address prefix of bulletin of switch according to appointing, appoint the request of broadcasting to be sent to appointing of user place Autonomous Domain and broadcast in the middle of the switch;
Perhaps, do not appoint when broadcasting switch when user place Autonomous Domain does not exist, the information that request will be obtained by the Border Gateway Protocol router of Autonomous Domain is forwarded to certain and exists and appoint an Autonomous Domain of broadcasting switch.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that described method can be applicable in the environment of one of the following: in a described Autonomous Domain AS, only dispose described and broadcast switch; Perhaps in a described Autonomous Domain AS, dispose described and broadcast switch and Anycast service device; Perhaps not disposing described in a described Autonomous Domain AS broadcasts switch and Anycast service device and broadcasts switch by appointing among other AS and transmit.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, describedly broadcasts switch by appointing among other AS and transmits to be specially at first and transmit by the boundary gateway router of this AS.
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| CN110933128B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-04-16 | 网宿科技股份有限公司 | Node traffic scheduling method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN111586026A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-25 | 广州市品高软件股份有限公司 | Software defined boundary implementation method and system based on SDN |
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Application publication date: 20131016 |