CN103352917B - Integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method - Google Patents
Integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103352917B CN103352917B CN201310297492.0A CN201310297492A CN103352917B CN 103352917 B CN103352917 B CN 103352917B CN 201310297492 A CN201310297492 A CN 201310297492A CN 103352917 B CN103352917 B CN 103352917B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to air-float guide rail technical field, be specifically related to a kind of integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method.The present invention will overcome the problem of the low and poor stability of guide rail guiding accuracy under unbalance loading that prior art exists.For overcoming prior art Problems existing, technological scheme provided by the present invention is: a kind of integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that: change the drift angle that each throttle orifice internal diameter size realizes guide rail brings due to unbalance loading and carry out leveling.Compared with prior art, the advantage utilizing the inventive method to bring is: be eliminated in design theory with the guide rail kinematic error that Vertical direction produces due to unbalance loading that leads, namely only there is foozle, in terms of existing technologies, running precision of the present invention is high, good stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air-float guide rail technical field, be specifically related to a kind of integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method.
Background technique
During guide rail dynamic with multiple floating cushion assembling, floating cushion ball hinged supporting, can suffer from one's own actions quasi equilibrium position like this, keeps air film gap equal, but need use balladeur train, and at this moment the large bearing capacity of volume of dynamic guide rail is little.And during guide rail dynamic with the assembling of integrated type guide rail, move the little bearing capacity of volume of guide rail greatly, and the integrated type air-float guide rail working clearance is more tending towards parallel, and running precision is higher.But find in practical work process, existing integrated type air-float guide rail also also exists following problem: due to the effect of load or inertial force, integrated type air-float guide rail in use will inevitably produce unbalance loading, if original guide clearance for etc. gap, then because unbalance loading must cause guide clearance unequal, and then affect running precision.And because air-film thickness is very little, very little drift angle just likely causes scratch, affects bearing stability, reduces the working life of bearing.Design method in the past for integrated type air-float guide rail is all with uniform internal diameter throttle orifice to air film air feed, and such design method must make guide rail in running, produce drift angle problem, reduces guide rail running precision and stability.
In prior art, after integrated type air-float guide rail bears unbalance loading, guide clearance will be caused unequal, and then affect operating accuracy.Because air-film thickness is very little, very little drift angle just likely causes scratch, affects bearing stability.Principle of the present invention is as follows: if can add a pre-drift angle to guide rail, the drift angle that the unbalance loading of working procedure middle guide is produced is offset with it, thus recovers parallel gap state such as i.e. grade, just can improve stability and operating accuracy.Integrated type air-float guide rail etc. gap design principle be with integrated type air-float guide rail etc. gap for target, under the control of reynolds equation, by the principle of mass conservation, find one group of realize target to meet the orifice diameter of constraint.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to provide a kind of integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, to overcome the problem of the low and poor stability of guide rail running precision that prior art exists.
For overcoming prior art Problems existing, technological scheme provided by the present invention is: a kind of integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that changing the drift angle that each throttle orifice internal diameter size realizes guide rail brings due to unbalance loading and carry out leveling.
Above-mentioned integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, comprise the following steps:
One, to calculate each throttle orifice outlet pressure under air-float guide rail unbalance loading state for XY coordinate plane with long guideway plane, air film supported power, and air film gas pressure is to X-axis and the moment size to Y-axis;
Two, utilize reynolds equation and multiple integral, under the gap states such as calculating, air film supported power and gas are to X-axis and the moment size to Y-axis;
Three, with etc. under gap state air film supported power and unbalance loading moment all equal to the condition of convergence with under the gap state such as non-, adjustment throttle orifice outlet pressure, is met one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels of the condition of convergence;
Four, choosing protopodium discharge orifice inner diameter values is throttle orifice internal diameter initial value after leveling, XY plane is divided into multiple region by throttle orifice number, gas flow conservation equation is utilized to carry out nested coupling respectively, namely to meet each region input and output gas flow, equal to meet whole air film total input and output gas flow equal to the condition of convergence simultaneously, if certain region input and output gas flow non-conservation in computational process, then regulate throttle orifice inner diameter values, until meet the condition of convergence with little step-length.
In above-mentioned steps two, when requiring guide rail to be adjusted to wait the stressed inclined-plane central point thickness front for adjustment of air-film thickness behind gap, in described step 3, when throttle orifice outlet pressure initial value is regulated, increase the throttle orifice outlet pressure that relevant position air-film thickness uprises and the throttle orifice exit pressure levels reducing corresponding position air-film thickness step-down, to be met one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels that the moment condition of convergence meets thickness requirement simultaneously simultaneously.
In above-mentioned steps three, throttle orifice outlet pressure is regulated to make it meet the moment condition of convergence, when gained one group of data meet moment convergent requirement and do not meet bearing capacity convergent requirement, can be less than normal or bigger than normal according to bearing capacity, to each throttle orifice exit pressure levels with adding or changing bearing capacity with subtracting, then return and readjust moment convergence, reciprocal with this, can to one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels, make moment, bearing capacity all meets convergence.
When above-mentioned increase or minimizing exit pressure levels, select unequal step-length for each throttle orifice, namely the step-length of each throttle orifice outlet pressure is undertaken given by the proportionate relationship of respective relevant position air-film thickness change size.
In above-mentioned steps two, differentiate rail such as not to be adjusted at the air-film thickness behind gap when being unbalance loading state lower stress inclined-plane central point thickness, namely air-film thickness initial value can higher or lower than the value of primary dip supporting plane central point thickness, in step 3, adjust all throttle orifice exit pressure levels, or only the corresponding air-film thickness in adjustment portion throttle orifice position increases the condition of convergence that the more throttle orifice outlet pressure of amplitude meets moment simultaneously.
In above-mentioned steps three, when adjusting all throttle orifice exit pressure levels simultaneously, concrete grammar first regulates throttle orifice outlet pressure to make it meet the moment condition of convergence, when gained one group of data do not meet bearing capacity convergent requirement, carries out little step-length adjustment to air-film thickness, change bearing capacity, return again and readjust moment convergence, reciprocal with this, one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels can be obtained, make moment, bearing capacity all meets convergence.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is: utilize the inventive method, and the kinematic error that guide rail Vertical direction produces says do not have in theory, even if because of processing reason, also only minimum error can be produced, in terms of existing technologies, running precision of the present invention is high, good stability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is deflection load-bearing stress face schematic diagram such as integrated type air-float guide rail gap state such as non-grade;
Fig. 2 be through adjustment after obtain etc. gap air-float guide rail stress surface schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, comprise the steps:
Step one:
Air-float guide rail unbalance loading, by a drift angle that can produce during unbalance loading as shown in Figure 1, can be reduced to the F that makes a concerted effort of inclined-plane central point by 8 throttle orifice integrated type air-float guide rails, and the unbalance loading moment Mx of two coordinates, My.In figure, n1, n2 are the normal on two inclined-planes, and angle is, is the drift angle that will discuss herein.As seen from the figure, carry perpendicular to inclined-plane outward, but not straight down.So F can be decomposed into making a concerted effort of horizontal force and vertical force Fz.And horizontal force can not produce unbalance loading at this, thus, unbalance loading be offset and make guide rail become level again, only vertical force Fz can be discussed.From statics, the bearing capacity that gas film pressure provides should equal Fz.And gas pressure is to X-axis, the resultant couple of Y-axis should equal Mx, My respectively.Utilize the continuity condition that gaseous mass conservation principle is determined, by X, Y plane is divided into 8 regions by 8 throttle orifice positions, by 8 region input and output gas flow equilibriums are carried out nested coupling, each throttle orifice outlet pressure when can calculate unbalance loading, pressure distribution when can obtain unbalance loading by reynolds equation.Integration can obtain Fz, Mx, My.
Step 2:
Under the air-film thickness behind gap such as to be adjusted to when requiring air-float guide rail be unbalance loading state during long guideway central point thickness, then after the gap leveling such as order, thickness is shown in Fig. 2 all for this reason.This thickness is applied in reynolds equation as constant, gas pressure distribution is now calculated with corresponding throttle orifice outlet pressure after having the gap leveling such as each throttle orifice exit pressure levels imparting of obtaining during drift angle, by integral and calculating now air film supported power F1 and unbalance loading moment Mx1, My1.
Step 3:
Due to etc. after the leveling of gap, except planar central dot thickness does not become, all the other position air-film thicknesses all change, and will cause the change of pressure distribution.F1, Mx1, My1 now, must not wait Fz, Mx, My under gap state equal with non-.Now, according to the change size of each throttle orifice position air-film thickness, the step-length that each throttle orifice does not wait can be given respectively, adjusts each throttle orifice outlet pressure size simultaneously.Namely increase the throttle orifice outlet pressure that relevant position air-film thickness uprises, reduce the throttle orifice outlet pressure of relevant position air-film thickness step-down.Thus reach two moment Mx1, My1, the condition of convergence equal with two moment Mx, My during the gap such as non-.
F1 is calculated according to the throttle orifice outlet pressure now obtained, equal to the condition of convergence with F1 and Fz, itself and Fz are contrasted, if F1 is less than Fz, then increases by 8 throttle orifice outlet pressures with equal step-length simultaneously, increase F1; If F1 is greater than Fz, then reduce 8 throttle orifice outlet pressures with equal step-length simultaneously, Mx1, My1 is calculated again with the outlet pressure after increase, and readjust throttle orifice outlet pressure and make Mx1, My1 reach the condition of convergence, move in circles with this, eventually pass through adjustment and obtain one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels making Mx1, My1, F1 can meet the condition of convergence.
Step 4:
8 throttle orifice exit pressure levels that step 3 obtains can obtain pressure distribution now by reynolds equation.Choosing protopodium discharge orifice inner diameter values is throttle orifice internal diameter initial value after leveling, XY plane is divided into 8 regions by throttle orifice number, to ensure that each region only has a throttle orifice, more equal to the condition of convergence with each zone gas input and output gas flow, regulate each throttle orifice internal diameter.If namely region enters flow and is greater than outflow flow, then reduce inner diameter values with little step-length; If enter flow to be less than outflow flow, then increase inner diameter values, until input and output gas flow is equal with little step-length.So just obtain one group of throttle orifice inner diameter values, after meeting the gap leveling such as air-film thickness, bearing capacity and unbalance loading moment are equal with under the gap state such as non-.
Embodiment 2, integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, comprise the steps:
Step one:
8 throttle orifice integrated type air-float guide rails can produce a drift angle by during unbalance loading, air-float guide rail unbalance loading can be reduced to the F that makes a concerted effort of inclined-plane central point, and the unbalance loading moment Mx of two coordinates, My.In figure, n1, n2 are the normal on two inclined-planes, and angle is, is the drift angle that will discuss herein.As seen from the figure, carry perpendicular to inclined-plane outward, but not straight down.So F can be decomposed into making a concerted effort of horizontal force and vertical force Fz.And horizontal force can not produce unbalance loading at this, thus, unbalance loading be offset and make guide rail become level again, only vertical force Fz can be discussed.From statics, the bearing capacity that gas film pressure provides should equal Fz.And gas pressure is to X-axis, the resultant couple of Y-axis should equal Mx, My respectively.Utilize the continuity condition that gaseous mass conservation principle is determined, by X, Y plane is divided into 8 regions by 8 throttle orifice positions, by 8 region input and output gas flow equilibriums are carried out nested coupling, each throttle orifice outlet pressure when can calculate unbalance loading, pressure distribution when can obtain unbalance loading by reynolds equation, integration can obtain Fz, Mx, My.
Step 2:
The gap such as to be adjusted to when not requiring air-float guide rail after, when air-film thickness is long guideway central point thickness under unbalance loading state, namely air-film thickness initial value can higher or lower than the value of primary dip supporting plane central point thickness.This thickness is applied in reynolds equation as constant, gas pressure distribution is now calculated with corresponding throttle orifice outlet pressure after having the gap leveling such as each throttle orifice exit pressure levels imparting of obtaining during drift angle, by integral and calculating now air film supported power F1 and unbalance loading moment Mx1, My1.
Step 3:
Due to etc. after the leveling of gap, except planar central dot thickness does not become, all the other position air-film thicknesses all change, and will cause the change of pressure distribution.F1, Mx1, My1 now, must not wait Fz, Mx, My under gap state equal with non-.Now, according to the change size of each throttle orifice position air-film thickness, the step-length that each throttle orifice does not wait can be given respectively, adjusts each throttle orifice outlet pressure size simultaneously.Namely increase the throttle orifice outlet pressure that relevant position air-film thickness uprises, reduce the throttle orifice outlet pressure of relevant position air-film thickness step-down.Thus reach two moment Mx1, My1, the condition of convergence equal with two moment Mx, My during the gap such as non-.
F1 is calculated according to the throttle orifice outlet pressure now obtained, equal to the condition of convergence with F1 and Fz, itself and Fz are contrasted, if F1 is less than Fz, then increases by 8 throttle orifice outlet pressures with equal step-length simultaneously, increase F1; If F1 is greater than Fz, then reduce 8 throttle orifice outlet pressures with equal step-length simultaneously, Mx1, My1 is calculated again with the outlet pressure after increase, and readjust throttle orifice outlet pressure and make Mx1, My1 reach the condition of convergence, move in circles with this, eventually pass through adjustment and obtain one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels making Mx1, My1, F1 can meet the condition of convergence.
Step 4:
8 throttle orifice exit pressure levels that step 3 obtains can obtain pressure distribution now by reynolds equation.Choosing protopodium discharge orifice inner diameter values is throttle orifice internal diameter initial value after leveling, XY plane is divided into 8 regions by throttle orifice number, to ensure that each region only has a throttle orifice, more equal to the condition of convergence with each zone gas input and output gas flow, regulate each throttle orifice internal diameter.If namely region enters flow and is greater than outflow flow, then reduce inner diameter values with little step-length; If enter flow to be less than outflow flow, then increase inner diameter values, until input and output gas flow is equal with little step-length.So just obtain one group of throttle orifice inner diameter values, after meeting the gap leveling such as air-film thickness, bearing capacity and unbalance loading moment are equal with under the gap state such as non-.
Embodiment 3:
Integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that following steps:
One, to calculate each throttle orifice outlet pressure under air-float guide rail unbalance loading state for XY coordinate plane with long guideway plane, air film supported power, and air film gas pressure is to X-axis and the moment size to Y-axis;
Two, reynolds equation and multiple integral is utilized, under the gap states such as calculating, air film supported power and gas are to X-axis and the moment size to Y-axis: differentiate rail such as not to be adjusted at the air-film thickness behind gap when being unbalance loading state lower stress inclined-plane central point thickness, and namely air-film thickness initial value can higher or lower than the value of primary dip supporting plane central point thickness;
Three, to wait under gap state air film supported power and unbalance loading moment all equal to the condition of convergence with under the gap state such as non-, adjustment throttle orifice outlet pressure, be met one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels of the condition of convergence: adjust all throttle orifice exit pressure levels simultaneously, meet the condition of convergence of moment, the concrete grammar simultaneously adjusted first regulates throttle orifice outlet pressure to make it meet the moment condition of convergence, when gained one group of data do not meet bearing capacity convergent requirement, little step-length adjustment is carried out to air-film thickness, change bearing capacity, return again and readjust moment convergence, reciprocal with this, one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels can be obtained, make moment, bearing capacity all meets convergence,
Four, choosing protopodium discharge orifice inner diameter values is throttle orifice internal diameter initial value after leveling, XY plane is divided into multiple region by throttle orifice number, gas flow conservation equation is utilized to carry out nested coupling respectively, namely to meet each region input and output gas flow, equal to meet whole air film total input and output gas flow equal to the condition of convergence simultaneously, if certain region input and output gas flow non-conservation in computational process, then regulate throttle orifice inner diameter values, until meet the condition of convergence with little step-length.
Embodiment 4:
Integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that following steps:
One, to calculate each throttle orifice outlet pressure under air-float guide rail unbalance loading state for XY coordinate plane with long guideway plane, air film supported power, and air film gas pressure is to X-axis and the moment size to Y-axis;
Two, reynolds equation and multiple integral is utilized, under the gap states such as calculating, air film supported power and gas are to X-axis and the moment size to Y-axis: differentiate rail such as not to be adjusted at the air-film thickness behind gap when being unbalance loading state lower stress inclined-plane central point thickness, and namely air-film thickness initial value can higher or lower than the value of primary dip supporting plane central point thickness;
Three, to wait under gap state air film supported power and unbalance loading moment all equal to the condition of convergence with under the gap state such as non-, adjustment throttle orifice outlet pressure, be met one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels of the condition of convergence: a corresponding air-film thickness in adjustment portion throttle orifice position increases the more throttle orifice outlet pressure of amplitude to meet the condition of convergence of moment, when gained one group of data do not meet bearing capacity convergent requirement, little step-length adjustment is carried out to air-film thickness, change bearing capacity, return again and readjust moment convergence, reciprocal with this, one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels can be obtained, make moment, bearing capacity all meets convergence,
Four, choosing protopodium discharge orifice inner diameter values is throttle orifice internal diameter initial value after leveling, XY plane is divided into multiple region by throttle orifice number, gas flow conservation equation is utilized to carry out nested coupling respectively, namely to meet each region input and output gas flow, equal to meet whole air film total input and output gas flow equal to the condition of convergence simultaneously, if certain region input and output gas flow non-conservation in computational process, then regulate throttle orifice inner diameter values, until meet the condition of convergence with little step-length.
Claims (6)
1. integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. a gap design method, realizing to guide rail owing to carrying out leveling in the drift angle that unbalance loading is brought by changing each throttle orifice internal diameter size, it is characterized in that following steps:
One, to calculate each throttle orifice outlet pressure under air-float guide rail unbalance loading state for XY coordinate plane with long guideway plane, air film supported power, and air film gas pressure is to X-axis and the moment size to Y-axis;
Two, utilize reynolds equation and multiple integral, under the gap states such as calculating, air film supported power and gas are to X-axis and the moment size to Y-axis;
Three, with etc. under gap state air film supported power and unbalance loading moment all equal to the condition of convergence with under the gap state such as non-, adjustment throttle orifice outlet pressure, is met one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels of the condition of convergence;
Four, then choosing protopodium discharge orifice inner diameter values is throttle orifice internal diameter initial value after leveling, XY plane is divided into multiple region by throttle orifice number, gas flow conservation equation is utilized to carry out nested coupling respectively, namely to meet each region input and output gas flow, equal to meet whole air film total input and output gas flow equal to the condition of convergence simultaneously, if certain region input and output gas flow non-conservation in computational process, then regulate throttle orifice inner diameter values, until meet the condition of convergence with little step-length.
2. integrated type air-float guide rail according to claim 1 under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that: when in described step 2, when requiring guide rail to be adjusted to wait the stressed inclined-plane central point thickness front for adjustment of air-film thickness behind gap, in described step 3, when throttle orifice outlet pressure initial value is regulated, increase the throttle orifice outlet pressure that relevant position air-film thickness uprises and the throttle orifice exit pressure levels reducing corresponding position air-film thickness step-down, to be met one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels that the moment condition of convergence meets thickness requirement simultaneously simultaneously.
3. integrated type air-float guide rail according to claim 2 under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that: in step 3, throttle orifice outlet pressure is regulated to make it meet the moment condition of convergence, when gained one group of data meet moment convergent requirement and do not meet bearing capacity convergent requirement, can be less than normal or bigger than normal according to bearing capacity, to each throttle orifice exit pressure levels with adding or changing bearing capacity with subtracting, return again and readjust moment convergence, reciprocal with this, can to one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels, make moment, bearing capacity all meets convergence.
4. according to the integrated type air-float guide rail described in Claims 2 or 3 under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that, when increasing or reduce exit pressure levels, select unequal step-length for each throttle orifice, namely the step-length of each throttle orifice outlet pressure is undertaken given by the proportionate relationship of respective relevant position air-film thickness change size.
5. integrated type air-float guide rail according to claim 1 under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that: when in described step 2, differentiate rail such as not to be adjusted at the air-film thickness behind gap when being unbalance loading state lower stress inclined-plane central point thickness, namely air-film thickness initial value can higher or lower than the value of primary dip supporting plane central point thickness, in step 3, adjust all throttle orifice exit pressure levels, or only the corresponding air-film thickness in adjustment portion throttle orifice position increases the condition of convergence that the more throttle orifice outlet pressure of amplitude meets moment simultaneously.
6. integrated type air-float guide rail according to claim 5 under unbalance loading etc. gap design method, it is characterized in that: in step 3, when adjusting all throttle orifice exit pressure levels simultaneously, concrete grammar first regulates throttle orifice outlet pressure to make it meet the moment condition of convergence, when gained one group of data do not meet bearing capacity convergent requirement, little step-length adjustment is carried out to air-film thickness, change bearing capacity, return again and readjust moment convergence, reciprocal with this, can obtain one group of throttle orifice exit pressure levels, make moment, bearing capacity all meets convergence.
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| CN201310297492.0A CN103352917B (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method |
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| CN201310297492.0A CN103352917B (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Integrated type air-float guide rail under unbalance loading etc. gap design method |
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| CN103352917B true CN103352917B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE3750904T2 (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1995-08-03 | Nippon Telegraph & Telephone | Feed device. |
| JP2008303913A (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-18 | Shinkawa Ltd | Static pressure guide device |
| JP4445528B2 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2010-04-07 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Hydrostatic bearing |
| JP2009144849A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-07-02 | Panasonic Corp | Hydrodynamic bearing type rotary device and information recording-reproducing apparatus having the same |
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