CN103351946A - Preparation method of moderately processed ARA (Arachidonic acid) microalgae grease - Google Patents
Preparation method of moderately processed ARA (Arachidonic acid) microalgae grease Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of moderately processed ARA (Arachidonic acid) microalgae grease. The method comprises the following steps of: first, degumming to remove colloid and impurities in microalgae grease; after degumming, refining alkali and neutralizing at low temperature to remove free acids; then, decoloring in a low temperature vacuum condition to remove residual soap, phosphorus, pigments and the like; and finally, deodorizing through combination of a packed tower and a plate tower, and thermosensitively decoloring to remove fatty acid and small molecular stink substances, wherein the generation amount of trans-fatty acids can be reduced, the energy is saved and the consumption is reduced, and the quality of grease products is improved. Due to the adoption of the method, the ARA microalgae grease with low content of trans-fatty acids (less than 1.0%) can be prepared.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fats and Oils Refining Technology field, specifically relate to a kind of preparation method of ARA microalgae grease of appropriateness processing.
Technical background
Along with the development of food scientific technology, various functional greases constantly enter the people's life, and the nutrition and the health that improve the people are being brought into play significant role.The ARA microalgae grease simultaneously as functional grease, is rich in ARA as new resource food, has hypermnesis and thinking ability, improves the effects such as intelligence and promotion brain development.
For producing qualified ARA microalgae grease and guaranteeing its shelf-lives, need to come unstuck to ARA microalgae grease crude oil, the processing such as depickling, deodorization, with except the colloid in deoiling, free acid, heavy metal ion etc., but exist the phenomenon of overprocessing in current grease precision work field, not only caused the waste of resource and the energy, but also can cause the natural loss that is present in useful micro-nutrients in the grease, also can generate the accompaniment that human body is unfavorable for HUMAN HEALTH, such as trans fatty acid.
The present invention by to come unstuck in the ARA microalgae grease course of processing, optimization research and the practice of the operation machined parameters such as depickling, deodorization, can be on the basis that guarantees oil quality and safety, reduce the generation of trans fatty acid in the course of processing, realize the appropriateness processing of ARA microalgae grease.
Summary of the invention
Technical purpose of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of ARA microalgae grease of appropriateness processing, its temperature when alkali-refining deacidification lower (35-45 ℃), add that alkali number is less, discoloring agent addition few (4-8kg/T oil), deodorization temperature low (being no more than 230 ℃), deodorization time short (being no more than 45 minutes), adopt ARA microalgae grease product content of trans fatty acids that working method of the present invention obtains less than or equal to 1.0% of weight concentration, content of trans fatty acids is low, and product quality is high.
For reaching above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of preparation method of ARA microalgae grease of appropriateness processing may further comprise the steps:
(1) come unstuck: add citric acid to ARA microalgae grease crude oil, make the nonhydratable phosphatide in the crude oil be converted into hydrated phospholipid, add alkali lye again and remove colloid as flocculation agent, the oil after coming unstuck obtains degummed oil and oil foot through centrifugal treating;
(2) alkali refining neutralization: above-mentioned degummed oil add at low temperatures in the alkali lye and excessive citric acid and oil in free fatty acids, obtain neutralization oil through centrifugal treating;
(3) decolouring: in above-mentioned neutralization oil, add discoloring agent, under certain temperature and vacuum degree condition, decolour after stirring;
(4) deodorization: with bleached oil process packing tower and tray column, deodorization under the effect of dry steam air lift.
Above-mentioned working method can take the trans fatty acid in the product as index, further be optimized and revised technique and parameter (temperature, time, auxiliary material addition).
According to optimization embodiments more of the present invention, working method of the present invention wherein step (1) is preferably carried out under 50-75 ℃; Citric acid is that mass concentration is 20-30%; The alkali lye mass concentration is 2.0-3.0%.
Wherein step (2) is preferably carried out at 35-45 ℃; The alkali lye mass concentration is 5.0-9.0%.
Wherein step (3) preferably 85-100 ℃, vacuum tightness-0.08～-carry out under the 0.09Mpa; Discoloring agent (discoloring agent is gac and atlapulgite mixture, and quality of activated carbon is than being 1-100%) addition is 4-8kg/T; Bleaching time 15-30min;
Wherein step (4) with bleached oil after the deaerator deoxygenation, enter packing tower through being heated to 160-180 ℃ with the heat exchange of deodorizing tower discharging deodorised oil, to 200-230 ℃, 0.3% open steam air lift 5-10min carries out the air lift depickling with high pressure steam or other heating medium for heating, then pump into tray column, to 200-230 ℃, 0.6% open steam air lift 25-35min carries out the temperature-sensitive decolouring with high pressure steam or other heating medium for heating, at last oil cooling is carried out the essence filter after 30-45 ℃, get refining oil.
Appropriate preparation for processing provided by the invention, most preferred process may further comprise the steps:
(1) come unstuck: the DHA crude oil is warmed up to 70-75 ℃, content interpolation concentration according to the nonhydratable phosphatide of stock oil is the citric acid of 20-30%, at souring tank reaction 25-40min, add the alkali lye flocculation of 2.0-3.0%, add simultaneously the hot soft water of the heavy 1.0-2.0% of oil, at hydration tank internal reaction 45-60min, be warming up to 80-90 ℃ of centrifugation and obtain oil foot and degummed oil, dry degummed oil removes moisture and residual molten;
(2) alkali refining neutralization: the degummed oil oil temperature is down to 35-45 ℃, and the alkaline reaction 50-65min that then adds concentration and be 5.0-9.0% carries out alkali-refining deacidification; Be warming up to 85 ℃ of centrifugations, and wash by the soft water of 85-92 ℃ of oil 5-8% adding heavily, centrifugation, oil must neutralize;
(3) decolouring: the oil that will neutralize carries out drying at 90-100 ℃, then re-add discoloring agent about 4-8kg/T oil according to oil and mix that (discoloring agent is gac and atlapulgite mixture, quality of activated carbon is than being 1-100%), vacuum tightness-0.08～-the 0.09Mpa condition under, decolouring 20-30min, filter discoloring agent, get bleached oil;
(4) deodorization: with bleached oil at 130 ℃, vacuum tightness-0.08～-condition of 0.09Mpa under, through the deaerator deoxygenation; Then be heated to 160-180 ℃ with the heat exchange of deodorizing tower discharging deodorised oil and enter packing tower, with high pressure steam or other heating medium for heating to 200-230 ℃, 0.3% open steam air lift 5-10min, carry out the air lift depickling, then pump into tray column, with high pressure steam or other heating medium for heating to 200-230 ℃, 0.6% open steam air lift 25-35min, carry out the temperature-sensitive decolouring, at last oil cooling is carried out the essence filter after 30-45 ℃, get refining oil.
Through above-mentioned preferred after, working method of the present invention can obtain the ARA microalgae grease refined product that content of trans fatty acids is 0.2-1.0%.
The index determining foundation:
The mensuration of trans fatty acid: with reference to the mensuration of GB/T221100-2008 Trans-fatty Acids in Foods, vapor-phase chromatography.
The present invention is by a kind of ARA microalgae grease preparation method's research and practice, especially by to come unstuck, the optimizing and revising of the refining procedure such as alkali refining neutralization, decolouring, deodorization, high-boiling-point impurity under guaranteeing the prerequisite of quality product in as much as possible the removal ARA microalgae grease, realize the low-temperature short-time deodorization, thereby formed the method for a kind of ARA microalgae grease appropriateness processing.By this technique the ARA microalgae grease is carried out refining, can keep to greatest extent the functional ingredient in the ARA microalgae grease, reduce harmful content of trans fatty acids, improve quality and the quality of ARA microalgae grease, can reduce energy consumption and enterprise's production cost simultaneously.
Embodiment:
For further specifying the present invention, specify with the following Examples:
Embodiment 1:
ARA microalgae grease crude oil is warmed up to 70 ℃ through interchanger, heavy 0.3% the concentration of refueling is 28% citric acid, at souring tank reaction 30min, add the flocculation of 2.0% alkali lye, refuel heavy 1.8% hot soft water, in hydration tank internal reaction 50min, be warming up to 85 ℃ of centrifugation oil foots and degummed oil, dry degummed oil removes moisture and residual molten.
The degummed oil oil temperature is down to 40 ℃, then adds concentration and be 6.5% alkaline reaction 50-65min and carry out alkali-refining deacidification; Be warming up to 85 ℃ of centrifugations, and wash by the 7.0% heavy soft water that adds 90 ℃ of oil, centrifugation, oil must neutralize;
With in the alkali refining and after the ARA microalgae grease carry out drying at 100 ℃, then mix with discoloring agent that (discoloring agent is gac and atlapulgite mixture, the mass ratio of gac is 40%), the discoloring agent addition is 4.5kg/T oil, under vacuum tightness-0.09Mpa condition, decolouring 22min filters carclazyte, gets bleached oil.
With bleached oil at 130 ℃, through the deaerator deoxygenation, be heated to 170 ℃ through interchanger, enter packing tower, under the condition of vacuum tightness-0.087Mpa, with high pressure steam heating to 210 ℃, enter packing tower, the air lift depickling, 0.3% (with the steam consumption of elaeometer) open steam air lift 10min, then pump into packing tower, with high pressure steam heating to 210 ℃, 0.6% (with the steam consumption of elaeometer, be steam consumption be weight of oil 0.6%) open steam air lift 25min, carry out temperature-sensitive decolouring, filter carrying out essence behind the oil cooling to 45 ℃ through interchanger, get refining oil.
Detect the refining oil index, the result is as follows: content of trans fatty acids: 0.42%.
Embodiment 2
ARA microalgae grease crude oil is warmed up to 75 ℃ through interchanger, heavy 0.3% the concentration of refueling is 30% citric acid, at souring tank reaction 25min, add the flocculation of 2.2% alkali lye, refuel heavy 1.0% hot soft water, in hydration tank internal reaction 45min, be warming up to 88 ℃ of centrifugation oil foots and degummed oil, dry degummed oil removes moisture and residual molten.
The degummed oil oil temperature is down to 40 ℃, then adds concentration and be 6.0% alkaline reaction 58min and carry out alkali-refining deacidification; Be warming up to 85 ℃ of centrifugations, and wash by the 6.0% heavy soft water that adds 90 ℃ of oil, centrifugation, oil must neutralize;
With in the alkali refining and after the ARA microalgae grease carry out drying at 100 ℃, then mix with discoloring agent that (discoloring agent is gac and active white scholar's mixture, the mass ratio of gac is 30%), the discoloring agent addition is 6.0kg/T oil, under vacuum tightness-0.09Mpa condition, decolouring 20min filters carclazyte, gets bleached oil.
With bleached oil at 130 ℃, through the deaerator deoxygenation, be heated to 170 ℃ through interchanger, enter packing tower, under the condition of vacuum tightness-0.087Mpa, with high pressure steam heating to 220 ℃, enter packing tower, the air lift depickling, 0.3% (with the steam consumption of elaeometer) open steam air lift 10min, then pump into packing tower, with high pressure steam heating to 220 ℃, 0.6% (with the steam consumption of elaeometer, be steam consumption be weight of oil 0.6%) open steam air lift 25min, carry out temperature-sensitive decolouring, filter carrying out essence behind the oil cooling to 45 ℃ through interchanger, get refining oil.
Detect the refining oil index, the result is as follows: content of trans fatty acids: 0.56%.
Embodiment 3
ARA microalgae grease crude oil is warmed up to 75 ℃ through interchanger, heavy 0.3% the concentration of refueling is 25% citric acid, at souring tank reaction 25min, add the flocculation of 2.0% alkali lye, refuel heavy 2.0% hot soft water, in hydration tank internal reaction 45min, be warming up to 88 ℃ of centrifugation oil foots and degummed oil, dry degummed oil removes moisture and residual molten.
The degummed oil oil temperature is down to 40 ℃, then adds concentration and be 6.0% alkaline reaction 50-65min and carry out alkali-refining deacidification; Be warming up to 85 ℃ of centrifugations, and wash by the 6.5% heavy soft water that adds 90 ℃ of oil, centrifugation, oil must neutralize;
With in the alkali refining and after the ARA microalgae grease carry out drying at 100 ℃, then mix with discoloring agent that (discoloring agent is gac and atlapulgite mixture, the mass ratio of gac is 50%), the discoloring agent addition is 5.0kg/T oil, under vacuum tightness-0.09Mpa condition, decolouring 20min filters carclazyte, gets bleached oil.
With bleached oil at 130 ℃, through the deaerator deoxygenation, be heated to 170 ℃ through interchanger, enter packing tower, under the condition of vacuum tightness-0.087Mpa, with high pressure steam heating to 230 ℃, enter packing tower, the air lift depickling, 0.3% (with the steam consumption of elaeometer) open steam air lift 10min, then pump into packing tower, with high pressure steam heating to 230 ℃, 0.6% (with the steam consumption of elaeometer, be steam consumption be weight of oil 0.6%) open steam air lift 25min, carry out temperature-sensitive decolouring, filter carrying out essence behind the oil cooling to 45 ℃ through interchanger, get refining oil.
Detect the refining oil index, the result is as follows: content of trans fatty acids: 0.69%.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of the ARA microalgae grease of an appropriateness processing is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) comes unstuck: in ARA microalgae grease crude oil, add citric acid, make the nonhydratable phosphatide in the crude oil be converted into hydrated phospholipid, add again alkali lye and remove colloid as flocculation agent, process obtaining degummed oil and oil foot through whizzer;
(2) alkali refining neutralization: above-mentioned degummed oil add at low temperatures in the alkali lye and excessive citric acid and oil in free fatty acids, obtain neutralization oil through whizzer except soap;
(3) decolouring: in above-mentioned neutralization oil, add discoloring agent, under certain temperature and vacuum degree condition, decolour after stirring;
(4) deodorization: with bleached oil process packing tower and tray column, deodorization under the effect of dry steam air lift.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (1) is carried out under 50-60 ℃; The citric acid mass concentration that adds is 20-25%; The alkali lye mass concentration is 2.0-3.0%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: temperature is 30-40 ℃ in the described step (2); The alkali lye mass concentration that adds is 5.0-7.0%.
4. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step (3) 90-100 ℃, vacuum tightness-0.08～-carry out under the 0.09Mpa condition; Discoloring agent is the mixture of gac and atlapulgite, and wherein quality of activated carbon is than being 1-90%, and the discoloring agent addition is 4-8kg/T; Bleaching time 15-30min.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (4) is: with bleached oil after the deaerator deoxygenation, enter packing tower through being heated to 165-180 ℃ with the heat exchange of deodorizing tower discharging deodorised oil, with high pressure steam or other heating medium for heating to 215-230 ℃, 0.3% open steam air lift 5-10min, carry out the air lift depickling, then pump into tray column, with high pressure steam or other heating medium for heating to 215-230 ℃, 0.6% open steam air lift 25-35min, carry out the temperature-sensitive decolouring, at last oil cooling is carried out the essence filter after 30-45 ℃, get refining oil.
6. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) come unstuck: ARA microalgae grease crude oil is warmed up to 55-60 ℃, content interpolation concentration according to the nonhydratable phosphatide of stock oil is the citric acid of 20-25%, at souring tank reaction 25-40min, add the alkali lye flocculation of 2.0-3.0%, add simultaneously the hot soft water of the heavy 1.0-2.0% of oil, at hydration tank internal reaction 45-60min, be warming up to 80-90 ℃ of centrifugation and obtain oil foot and degummed oil, dry degummed oil removes moisture and residual molten;
(2) alkali refining neutralization: the degummed oil oil temperature is down to 30-40 ℃, and the alkaline reaction 50-65min that then adds concentration and be 5.0-7.0% carries out alkali-refining deacidification; Be warming up to 85 ℃ of centrifugations, and wash by the soft water of 88-92 ℃ of oil 5-8% adding heavily, centrifugation, oil must neutralize;
(3) decolouring: the oil that will neutralize carries out drying at 90-100 ℃, and the discoloring agent that then re-adds about 4-8kg/T oil according to oil mixes, and described discoloring agent is the mixture of gac and atlapulgite, and wherein quality of activated carbon is than being 1-90%; Vacuum tightness-0.08～-the 0.09Mpa condition under, decolouring 20-30min filters discoloring agent, gets bleached oil;
(4) deodorization: with bleached oil at 130 ℃, vacuum tightness-0.08～-condition of 0.09Mpa under, through the deaerator deoxygenation; Then be heated to 165-180 ℃ with the heat exchange of deodorizing tower discharging deodorised oil and enter packing tower, with high pressure steam or other heating medium for heating to 215-230 ℃, 0.3% open steam air lift 5-10min, carry out the air lift depickling, then pump into tray column, with high pressure steam or other heating medium for heating to 215-230 ℃, 0.6% open steam air lift 25-35min, carry out the temperature-sensitive decolouring, at last oil cooling is carried out the essence filter after 30-45 ℃, get refining oil.
7. the ARA microalgae grease that makes of each described preparation method of claim 1-6 is characterized in that: content of trans fatty acids in the described microalgae grease≤1.0%.
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| CN103710146A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-09 | 南海油脂工业(赤湾)有限公司 | Removing method of free fatty acid in fully-hydrogenated high erucic acid rapeseed oil |
| CN104263509A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2015-01-07 | 青岛海智源生命科技有限公司 | DHA micro-algal oil degumming method |
| CN107532112A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-01-02 | 不二制油集团控股株式会社 | The manufacture method of grease containing long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid |
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