CN103346395A - Small-scale ultrahigh frequency RFID anti-metal tag antenna and impedance separation matching method - Google Patents
Small-scale ultrahigh frequency RFID anti-metal tag antenna and impedance separation matching method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small-scale ultrahigh frequency RFID anti-metal tag antenna and an impedance separation matching method. The small-scale ultrahigh frequency RFID anti-metal tag antenna comprises a top irradiator, a middle irradiator, a bottom irradiator, an upper substrate and a lower substrate, wherein the upper substrate and the lower substrate are connected in a stacking mode. The upper surface of the upper substrate is coated with the top irradiator, the lower surface of the upper substrate is coated with the middle irradiator, and the lower surface of the lower substrate is coated with the bottom irradiator. The top irradiator comprises two top irradiating areas which are mutually independent. A plurality of top narrow grooves are formed in each irradiating area. A plurality of middle narrow grooves are formed in the middle irradiator. A plurality of upper through holes are formed in the upper substrate in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of lower through holes are formed in the lower substrate in the longitudinal direction. The inner wall of each upper through hole and the inner wall of each lower through hole are respectively coated with connection portions. The top irradiator and the bottom irradiator are communicated through the connection portions of the inner walls of the upper through holes and the inner walls of the lower through holes, and the middle irradiator and the bottom irradiator are communicated through the connection portions on the inner wall of another lower through hole.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of radio frequency identification, specifically, relate to a kind of conjugate impedance match that can realize antenna and chip impedance quickly and efficiently, thereby improve the actual gain of label antenna, UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna and the impedance of the operating distance of maximization label separate matching process.
Background technology
Radio-frequency (RF) identification is a kind of wireless communication technology, it finishes information gathering by interacting between label and the reader, compare with traditional bar code and two-dimension code, REID has advantages such as decipherment distance is long, content can be revised, after particularly merging with Internet of Things, REID with the characteristics of himself just trace to the source at logistics supply chain, food and medicine, fields such as vehicular traffic control and gate inhibition's identification are bringing into play more and more important effect.
Radio-frequency recognition system is made up of label, reader and computer three parts, and wherein label comprises antenna and chip.Radio-frequency recognition system can work in low frequency, high frequency, hyperfrequency and microwave frequency band, wherein the hyper band rfid system just is being widely used in supply chain management, container, railcar identification, production line automation management etc. owing to read advantages such as distance is big, sticker price is low, reading speed is fast, the many labels of support read.In the application of numerous and complicated; run into metal or liquid environment through regular meeting; common dipole label antenna performance under this environment will reduce greatly or can not be read; therefore need the special label antenna of design resisting this environment, and thisly can under the metal environment, just be called anti-metal tag antenna by the antenna of operate as normal.
Ultrahigh frequency RFID has proposed challenge in the application of logistics field to anti-metal tag antenna: miniaturization, high-gain.Miniaturization requires label antenna to have little profile, can be installed on all places, the material easily; High-gain means that then the ultrahigh frequency RFID antenna must keep the long advantage of its reading distance, could improve logistic efficiency like this.By the electronically small antenna theory as can be known, miniaturization must be accompanied by low antenna gain and the little beamwidth of antenna.In order to improve the label antenna gain effectively, adopt the antenna of reversed F-typed structure as anti-metal tag antenna usually, and this antenna volume is big and narrow bandwidth, is not suitable for general logistical applications.Meanwhile, label antenna impedance and chip impedance must realize that conjugate impedance match with the actual gain of maximization antenna, namely maximizes the operating distance of label.Because the existence of circuit such as charge pump, passive label chip impedance on the market all has the capacitive composition, and its input impedance can equivalence be the resistance of the electric capacity kilo-ohm level in parallel of pico farad level, and the chip of each manufacturers produce presents very big variation in input impedance.In order to realize conjugate impedance match with the label chip of different input resistance, antenna need carry out free adjustment within the specific limits to real part and the imaginary part of its input impedance.
Summary of the invention
At above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of conjugate impedance match that can realize antenna and chip impedance quickly and efficiently, thereby improve the actual gain of label antenna, UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna and the impedance of the operating distance of maximization label separate matching process.
UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna of the present invention comprises substrate and is coated in the radiant body of described substrate surface, described substrate comprises the superimposed upper substrate that is connected together and infrabasal plate, described radiant body comprises top layer radiant body, intermediate layer radiant body and bottom radiant body, described top layer radiant body is positioned at the upper surface of upper substrate, described intermediate layer radiant body is positioned at the lower surface of upper substrate or the upper surface of infrabasal plate, described bottom radiant body is positioned at the lower surface of infrabasal plate, and top layer radiant body and intermediate layer radiant body are communicated with the bottom radiant body by connecting portion respectively.
Be formed with the last through hole that at least one vertically arranges on the described upper substrate, be formed with at least two lower through-holes that vertically arrange on the described infrabasal plate, each described inwall of going up through hole and lower through-hole is coated with described connecting portion respectively, by last through hole and the connecting portion connection of the inwall of corresponding lower through-hole with it, the connecting portion by the lower through-hole inwall between described intermediate layer radiant body and the bottom radiant body is communicated with between described top layer radiant body and the bottom radiant body.
Described top layer radiant body comprises two separate top layer radiation areas, and label chip is connected between two top layer radiation areas, forms the narrow groove of at least one top layer on each top layer radiation areas.
Described upper substrate is respectively arranged with a upward through hole corresponding to the position of each top layer radiation areas, and through hole lays respectively at the end, outer end of top layer radiation areas on each.
Two top layer radiation areas shapes are identical, and the exterior contour of top layer radiation areas is circle, ellipse, triangle, rectangle or irregular polygon.
Be formed with the narrow groove at least one intermediate layer on the radiant body of described intermediate layer.
Described infrabasal plate is respectively arranged with a lower through-hole corresponding to the position of through hole on each, and infrabasal plate also is provided with a lower through-hole corresponding to the middle part of intermediate layer radiant body.
The exterior contour of described intermediate layer radiant body is circle, ellipse, triangle, rectangle or irregular polygon.
The shape of described upper substrate and infrabasal plate is identical, upper substrate with and infrabasal plate between adopt seamless dislocation-free to link to each other.
The impedance of anti-metal tag array antenna of the present invention separates matching process and comprises the steps:
Step1: the basic size that requires and determine in conjunction with the size restrictions of electronically small antenna theory or label antenna according to the minimum reading distance of label;
Step2: determine the target input impedance of antenna according to the central task frequency of the label chip impedance of selecting for use and label;
Step3: regulate the length of the narrow groove of top layer of top layer radiant body, obtain the imaginary part of label antenna target impedance;
Step4: regulate the length of the narrow groove in intermediate layer of intermediate layer radiant body, mobile tag antenna impedance real part is to center frequency point;
Step5: emulation obtains the actual gain of antenna, and the reading distance according to this gain calculating label if theoretical reading distance is higher than desired minimum reading distance, then stops; If theoretical is less than requiring then increase antenna size by a certain percentage, and begin the repetition above-mentioned steps from Step3.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention has introduced capacitive component by the adding of intermediate layer radiant body in traditional anti-metal tag antenna equivalent electric circuit, thereby has reduced the label antenna size effectively; In addition, the present invention reduces the antenna gain decay that causes because of dimension reduction by the electric current stack of top layer radiant body and intermediate layer radiant body; Have, the present invention realizes the real part of antenna feed impedance and the purpose of imaginary part independent regulation by regulating the flute length of the top layer narrow groove of radiant body top layer and the narrow groove in radiant body intermediate layer, intermediate layer again; Also have, anti-metal tag antenna impedance of the present invention separates the conjugate impedance match that matching process can be realized antenna and chip impedance quickly and efficiently, thereby improves the actual gain of label antenna, the operating distance of maximization label.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of upper substrate of the present invention and top layer radiant body;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of infrabasal plate of the present invention and intermediate layer radiant body;
Fig. 4 antenna impedance imaginary part of the present invention is regulated simulation curve;
Fig. 5 antenna impedance real part of the present invention is regulated simulation curve;
Fig. 6 embodiment of the invention one antenna feed impedance test curve;
Fig. 7 embodiment of the invention one antenna reflection coefficient test curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further set forth, wherein, direction of the present invention is standard with Fig. 1.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna of the present invention comprises substrate 1 and radiant body 2, substrate 1 comprises the superimposed upper substrate that is connected together 11 and infrabasal plate 12, the shape of upper substrate 11 and infrabasal plate 12 is identical, adopt seamless dislocation-free to link to each other between upper substrate 11 and the infrabasal plate 12, upper substrate 11 is potsherd or the FR4 material of 3-150 with infrabasal plate 12 general employing dielectric constants, radiant body 2 comprises top layer radiant body 21, intermediate layer radiant body 22 and bottom radiant body 23, bottom radiant body 23 is the floor, top layer radiant body 21 is coated in the upper surface of upper substrate 11, intermediate layer radiant body 22 is coated in the lower surface of upper substrate 11 or the upper surface of infrabasal plate 12, bottom radiant body 23 is coated in the lower surface of infrabasal plate 12, generally speaking, bottom radiant body 23 covers the lower surface of infrabasal plate 12 fully.Be formed with the last through hole 31 that at least one vertically arranges on the upper substrate 11, be formed with at least two lower through-holes 32 that vertically arrange on the infrabasal plate 12, the inwall of through hole 31 and lower through-hole 32 is coated with connecting portion 24 respectively on each, between top layer radiant body 21 and the bottom radiant body 23 by last through hole 31 and connecting portion 24 connections of the inwall of corresponding lower through-hole 32 with it, between intermediate layer radiant body 22 and the bottom radiant body 23 then the connecting portion 24 by other lower through-hole 32 inwalls be communicated with.
Wherein, top layer radiant body 21 comprises two separate top layer radiation areas, two top layer radiation areas shapes are identical, the exterior contour of top layer radiation areas is generally circle, oval, triangle, rectangle or irregular polygon, label chip 4 is connected between two top layer radiation areas, and be positioned at the center of two top layer radiation areas inner side edges, form the narrow groove 211 of at least one top layer on each radiation areas, the length direction of the narrow groove 211 of top layer is fore-and-aft direction, and the narrow groove 211 of each top layer alternately extends to the edge to both sides successively, through hole 31 lays respectively at the end, outer end of top layer radiation areas on each, Fig. 2 always has four narrow grooves 211 of top layer and two last through holes 31, therefore the shape of each top layer radiation areas is " S " type, goes up the upper left corner and the upper right corner that through hole 31 lays respectively at top layer radiant body 21 for two.
The exterior contour of intermediate layer radiant body 22 is circular, oval, triangle, rectangle or irregular polygon, be formed with the narrow groove 221 at least one intermediate layer on the intermediate layer radiant body 22, the length direction of the narrow groove 221 in all intermediate layers is fore-and-aft direction, the narrow groove 221 in each intermediate layer alternately extends to the edge to both sides successively, Fig. 3 has four narrow grooves 221 in intermediate layer and three lower through-holes 32, wherein two lower through-holes 32 respectively two on the corresponding upper substrate 11 go up through holes 31, each top layer radiation areas respectively by the last through hole 31 of this position and with it the connecting portion 24 of corresponding lower through-hole 32 inwalls be communicated to bottom radiant body 23, another one lower through-hole 32 is positioned at the longitudinal central axis line position of intermediate layer radiant body 22, and intermediate layer radiant body 22 is communicated to bottom radiant body 23 by the connecting portion 24 of these lower through-hole 32 inwalls.The present invention realizes the conjugate impedance match of antenna impedance just by the adjusting of the narrow groove 211 of top layer and the narrow groove 221 in intermediate layer.
The impedance of anti-metal tag array antenna of the present invention separates matching process and comprises the steps:
Step1: the basic size that requires and determine in conjunction with the size restrictions of electronically small antenna theory or label antenna according to the minimum reading distance of label;
Step2: determine the target input impedance of antenna according to the central task frequency of the label chip impedance of selecting for use and label;
Step3: regulate the length of the narrow groove of top layer of top layer radiant body, obtain the imaginary part of label antenna target impedance;
Step4: regulate the length of the narrow groove in intermediate layer of intermediate layer radiant body, mobile tag antenna impedance real part is to center frequency point;
Step5: emulation obtains the actual gain of antenna, and the reading distance according to this gain calculating label if theoretical reading distance is higher than desired minimum reading distance, then stops; If theoretical is less than requiring then increase antenna size by a certain percentage, and begin the repetition above-mentioned steps from Step3.
Embodiment one
Its impedance of antenna structure that this example is intended to propose by the present invention separates matching process and designs the Chinese ultrahigh frequency RFID full frequency band of a covering, and reading distance is greater than the anti-metal tag of 2m.Label chip adopts the G2 chip of NXP company, and the typical case reads sensitivity and is-15dBm, and corresponding input impedance is 14-j126 Ω to label chip at the 890MHz place.It is 4.4 that two substrates all adopt relative dielectric constant, and loss angle tangent is 0.01, and thickness is the FR4 material of 1.6mm, and the label overall size is 28mm (L) * 14mm (W) * 3.2mm (h1+h2).
The written or printed documents example is finished the simulating, verifying that the design of antenna is separated matching process with impedance based on Finite Element, in view of invention is mainly used in the metal environment, thus this example in optimizing process to be 200mm * 200mm with the floor size expansion directly be attached to true environment on the metallic plate with the simulation label.Usually, belong to close coupling between top layer radiant body 21 and the intermediate layer radiant body 22, there is capacitive component between the two, and capacitance size is determined by the electric characteristic of between the two overlapping area and upper substrate, we are equivalent to introduce extra capacitive component in the equivalent electric circuit of antenna like this, thereby have reduced the label antenna size effectively.The fixing flute length T1=8mm of the narrow groove 221 in the intermediate layer of intermediate layer radiant body 22 carries out length scanning to the flute length T2 of the narrow groove 211 of the top layer of top layer radiant body 21, obtains Fig. 4.Can see that the flute length that changes the narrow groove 211 of top layer can be regulated the input reactance of antenna effectively and keep the input resistance of antenna constant substantially; Similarly, the fixing flute length T2=8mm of the narrow groove 211 of the top layer of top layer radiant body 21 carries out length scanning to the flute length T1 of the narrow groove 221 in the intermediate layer of intermediate layer radiant body 22, obtains Fig. 5.Can see, the flute length T1 that changes the narrow groove 221 in intermediate layer of intermediate layer radiant body 22 can regulate effectively antenna input resistance on frequency band the position and keep the input reactance of antenna constant substantially.Based on above-mentioned analysis, the present invention draws the method for designing to the impedance conjugate impedance match of the G2 of NXP company model label chip, steps of the method are:
Step1: determine that according to the minimum reading distance requirement of label and in conjunction with the size restrictions of electronically small antenna theory or label the basic size of antenna is 28mm * 14mm * 3.2mm;
Step2: determine that according to the central task frequency of the G2 cake core of selecting for use and label 890MHz the target input impedance of antenna is 14+j126 Ω;
Step3: the length of the flute length T2 of the narrow groove 211 of top layer of adjusting top layer radiant body 21 makes the label antenna input reactance equate with the imaginary part of target impedance to 8mm;
Step4: the length of the flute length T1 of the narrow groove 221 in intermediate layer of adjusting intermediate layer radiant body 22 is to 8mm, and mobile tag antenna impedance real part is to the central task frequency;
Step5: emulation obtains the actual gain of antenna, and the reading distance that calculates label according to this gain is 2.1m, can satisfy application demand.
According to the physical dimension that emulation obtains, the present invention makes and has tested the antenna that design obtains through above-mentioned steps, and has carried out testing impedance at air and the metallic plate that is of a size of 200mm * 200mm respectively, and test result as shown in Figure 6.Can see that the adding of metallic plate is little to the influence of antenna resonance, this has illustrated the correctness of anti-metal antenna.Meanwhile, according to the impedance that Fig. 6 obtains, we draw the reflection coefficient of embodiment one designed antenna, as shown in Figure 7.Can see, the three dB bandwidth of antenna effectively covered China RFID hyperfrequency frequency range (840-845MHz, 920-925MHz).
According to the electronically small antenna theory, the radiation efficiency of antenna can be dwindled and reduces along with the size of antenna, in order to remedy the influence that dimension reduction produces antenna gain, the corresponding intermediate layer of lower through-hole 32(radiant body 22 in the middle of the present invention passes through to regulate) position changes the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of intermediate layer radiant body 22, make it with top layer radiant body 21 on electric current produce stack, and then strengthen antenna radiation capability.In order further to verify the validity of method for designing, we survey the reading distance of embodiment one designed tag.Test shows, under the equivalent transmitted power of 4W EIPR, the reading distance of label in metal and air ambient is respectively 1.8m and 2m, and this illustrates that this structure can effectively suppress the influence that the metal environment produces tag performance.
The above only is preferred embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, in implementation process, may there be local small structural modification, if various changes of the present invention or modification are not broken away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and belong within claim of the present invention and the equivalent technologies scope, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification.
Claims (10)
1. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna, it comprises substrate (1) and is coated in the radiant body (2) on described substrate (1) surface, it is characterized in that, described substrate (1) comprises the superimposed upper substrate that is connected together (11) and infrabasal plate (12), described radiant body (2) comprises top layer radiant body (21), intermediate layer radiant body (22) and bottom radiant body (23), described top layer radiant body (21) is positioned at the upper surface of upper substrate (11), described intermediate layer radiant body (22) is positioned at the lower surface of upper substrate (11) or the upper surface of infrabasal plate (12), described bottom radiant body (23) is positioned at the lower surface of infrabasal plate (12), and top layer radiant body (21) and intermediate layer radiant body (22) are communicated with bottom radiant body (23) by connecting portion (24) respectively.
2. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be formed with the last through hole (31) that at least one vertically arranges on the described upper substrate (11), be formed with at least two lower through-holes (32) that vertically arrange on the described infrabasal plate (12), each described inwall of going up through hole (31) and lower through-hole (32) is coated with described connecting portion (24) respectively, by last through hole (31) and connecting portion (24) connection of the inwall of corresponding lower through-hole (32) with it, the connecting portion (24) by lower through-hole (32) inwall between described intermediate layer radiant body (22) and the bottom radiant body (23) is communicated with between described top layer radiant body (21) and the bottom radiant body (23).
3. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described top layer radiant body (21) comprises two separate top layer radiation areas, label chip (4) is connected between two top layer radiation areas, forms the narrow groove of at least one top layer (211) on each top layer radiation areas.
4. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described upper substrate (11) is respectively arranged with a upward through hole (31) corresponding to the position of each top layer radiation areas, and through hole on each (31) lays respectively at the end, outer end of top layer radiation areas.
5. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna according to claim 3 is characterized in that, two top layer radiation areas shapes are identical, and the exterior contour of top layer radiation areas is circle, ellipse, triangle, rectangle or irregular polygon.
6. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is formed with the narrow groove at least one intermediate layer (221) on the described intermediate layer radiant body (22).
7. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described infrabasal plate (12) is respectively arranged with a described lower through-hole (32) corresponding to the position of through hole on each (31), and infrabasal plate (12) also is provided with another described lower through-hole (32) corresponding to the middle part of intermediate layer radiant body (22).
8. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the exterior contour of described intermediate layer radiant body (22) is circle, ellipse, triangle, rectangle or irregular polygon.
9. UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described upper substrate (11) is identical with the shape of infrabasal plate (12), upper substrate (11) with and infrabasal plate (12) between adopt seamless dislocation-free to link to each other.
10. the impedance of an anti-metal tag array antenna separates matching process, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
Step1: the basic size that requires and determine in conjunction with the size restrictions of electronically small antenna theory or label antenna according to the minimum reading distance of label;
Step2: determine the target input impedance of antenna according to the central task frequency of the label chip impedance of selecting for use and label;
Step3: regulate the length of the narrow groove of top layer of top layer radiant body, obtain the imaginary part of label antenna target impedance;
Step4: regulate the length of the narrow groove in intermediate layer of intermediate layer radiant body, mobile tag antenna impedance real part is to center frequency point;
Step5: emulation obtains the actual gain of antenna, and the reading distance according to this gain calculating label if theoretical reading distance is higher than desired minimum reading distance, then stops; If theoretical is less than requiring then increase antenna size by a certain percentage, and begin the repetition above-mentioned steps from Step3.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106654524A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 华侨大学 | Double-layer structured broadband UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna |
| CN108734256A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-11-02 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | RFID electronic tag packaging device applied to fabricated concrete member |
| CN111860738A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-30 | 昆山华冠商标印刷有限公司 | Wireless radio frequency identification device |
| CN112103635A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-18 | 东信和平科技股份有限公司 | RFID tag antenna circuit board and RFID tag antenna |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106654524A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 华侨大学 | Double-layer structured broadband UHF RFID anti-metal tag antenna |
| CN108734256A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-11-02 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | RFID electronic tag packaging device applied to fabricated concrete member |
| CN111860738A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-30 | 昆山华冠商标印刷有限公司 | Wireless radio frequency identification device |
| CN112103635A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-18 | 东信和平科技股份有限公司 | RFID tag antenna circuit board and RFID tag antenna |
| CN112103635B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-12-13 | 东信和平科技股份有限公司 | RFID tag antenna circuit board and RFID tag antenna |
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| CN103346395B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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