Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of RFID label antenna, with the reading/writing distance that solves RFID label antenna of the prior art, there is limitation, and its bandwidth can not meet the demand of various countries different RF ID frequency range and be vulnerable to the impact of external force and the technical problem damaged.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of RFID label antenna, the metallic reflection plate as user environment that described label antenna comprises microstrip antenna and the described microstrip antenna back side, described RFID label antenna also comprises the metal-loaded plate that the radiating surface top of described microstrip antenna arranges.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, the semi-ring metallic plate that described metal-loaded plate is planar metal plate, Open Side Down or the U-shaped metal cap that Open Side Down.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, the length dimension of described metal-loaded plate is set to 1/4th length of electromagnetic wave wavelength when Propagation, and the width of described metal-loaded plate is greater than the width of described microstrip antenna.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, described microstrip antenna is by one section of microstrip line directly to the label chip feed of described microstrip antenna, and described microstrip antenna is single antenna or array antenna, and described label chip is positioned at the side of described microstrip antenna.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, described metal-loaded plate is to load without direct-connected parasitic element with described microstrip antenna and described label chip.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, the material of described metal-loaded plate is copper, aluminium or stainless steel.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, the material of described metal-loaded plate is the sheet material that copper coating, silver-plated, gold-plated sheet material or surface are provided with conductive film.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, described metal-loaded plate is rectangle, square, circle, triangle or rhombus.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, between two bottom surfaces of described U-shaped metal cap and described metallic reflection plate, by glue, be fixedly connected with.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, between described U-shaped metal cap and described metallic reflection plate, by bolt and insulated enclosure packing ring, fix.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, described metal-loaded plate is one or more layers, the described metal-loaded plate of every layer is that a complete metallic plate forms or more than two metallic plate is spliced to form.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, described metal-loaded plate is multilayer, the area of the described metal-loaded plate on upper strata is less than the area of the metal-loaded plate of lower floor.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, the distance of the described microstrip antenna of described metal-loaded plate distance is 1mm to 5mm.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, the distance of the described microstrip antenna of described metal-loaded plate distance is 3mm.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, the medium between described metal-loaded plate and described microstrip antenna is air, plastics, pottery or PCB.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, described medium is the material that loss angle tangent parameter is less than 0.5.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, preferred, described metal-loaded plate is elongated shape.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, RFID label antenna of the present invention, applicable to arbitrarily ready-made RFID label to increase the beamwidth of antenna, improve antenna gain, improve directional diagram and to increase reading/writing distance; Metal-loaded plate structure in the present invention can well protect inner label antenna to damage because of ambient pressure and impact, and especially when distortion forms the form of semi-closed or full cut-off cyclization afterwards, effect is more obvious.The present invention, by metal-loaded plate is set above microstrip antenna, has loaded a parasitic element thus on microstrip antenna, improves label antenna gain, therefore increases the reading/writing distance of RFID label antenna; Expand label antenna bandwidth, thereby meet the demand of various countries different RF ID frequency range; Reduce label antenna resonance frequency, thereby dwindle label antenna size.
RFID label antenna of the present invention, can not be connected with metal ground plate, purely forms absolute construction, and while there is no metal-loaded plate, RFID label antenna also can work independently.Can, by regulating length and the width of metal-loaded plate, reach the performance of improving label antenna in the situation that does not change original label antenna resonance frequency.
Embodiment
The exemplary embodiments that embodies feature & benefits of the present invention will describe in detail in the following description.Be understood that the present invention can have various variations on different embodiment, it neither departs from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein and accompanying drawing be when the use that explain in itself, but not in order to limit the present invention.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the structure of RFID label antenna of the present invention is described.
The first embodiment:
The structural representation of the RFID label antenna that as shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is first embodiment of the invention.RFID label antenna of the present invention has microstrip antenna 1, metallic reflection plate 2 and metal-loaded plate 3, wherein microstrip antenna 1 has substrate 11, chip 12, ground plane 13 and radiating surface 14, this metallic reflection plate 2 is positioned at ground plane 13 1 sides of microstrip antenna 1, this metal-loaded plate 3 is positioned at radiating surface 14 1 sides of microstrip antenna 1, conventionally the one side that claims the radiating surface 14 of label antenna 1 is positive, and the one side of ground plane 13 is the back side.The environment that metallic reflection plate 2 is used for user.
Microstrip antenna 1 by one section of microstrip line (not shown) directly to chip 12 feeds of microstrip antenna 1, single antenna or array antenna that microstrip antenna 1 of the present invention can be arbitrary form.
The material of the metal-loaded plate 3 in the present embodiment is the sheet material that copper, aluminium, stainless steel or copper coating, silver-plated, gold-plated sheet material or surface are provided with conductive film.
The shape of the metal-loaded plate 3 in the present embodiment can be adjusted into arbitrary dimension, shape and thickness according to specific design, as other any regular or irregular figures such as rectangle, square, circle, triangle, rhombuses.
Metal-loaded plate 3 can be one deck, can be also multilayer, and multilayer is better to the improvement of antenna pattern, and certain region of orientable radiation makes product directive property when application better.The area of preferred upper strata metallic plate is little compared with the area of lower metal plate.And the every one deck in the metal-loaded plate 3 of multilayer also can be as the case may be a metallic plate or be spliced by more than two metallic plate.
Between the metal-loaded plate 3 of the present embodiment and microstrip antenna 1, be not directly connected, form the parasitic element loading on microstrip antenna 1.Distance between metal-loaded plate 3 and microstrip antenna 1 can design and adjust as the case may be, and preferred scope is 0.1mm to 10mm, then 1mm to 5mm preferably, and optimal value is 3mm.Between metal-loaded plate 3 and microstrip antenna 1, non-metallic material arbitrarily can be set, as the non-metallic materials such as air dielectric, plastics, pottery, PCB, preferably air.The preferably little material of loss angle tangent parameter, conventionally, loss angle tangent parameter is less than at 0.5 o'clock, and can be called is the material that loss angle tangent parameter is little.
The FRID label antenna of the present embodiment by metal-loaded plate 3 is set above microstrip antenna, has loaded a parasitic element thus on microstrip antenna 1, improves label antenna gain, therefore increases the reading/writing distance of RFID label antenna; Expand label antenna bandwidth, thereby meet the demand of various countries different RF ID frequency range; Reduce label antenna resonance frequency, thereby dwindle label antenna size.Meanwhile, by metal-loaded plate 3 is set, thereby can play protection label, avoid external impacts damage.
The beneficial effect of the RFID label antenna of the present embodiment can be verified by following emulation experiment:
Emulation experiment one: the impact of checking metal-loaded plate 3 on RFID label antenna performance.
In HFSS simulation software, set up model as shown in Figure 3.In model, adopting dielectric constant is 61 the pottery base material 11 as microstrip antenna 1, and RFID label antenna also comprises upper strata metal radiation face 14 and lower floor's ground plane 13, and chip 12 is positioned at microstrip antenna 1 side.Microstrip antenna 1 is of a size of 25*9mm.Metal environment while having a metallic reflection plate 2 to use in order to simulate client at microstrip antenna 1 back side, the setting in this test example is of a size of 150*150*1mm.Above the radiating surface 14 of RFID label antenna 1, the place of distance R FID label antenna 3mm loads a metal-loaded plate 3, is of a size of 2a*9mm, that is to say that the distance between microstrip antenna 1 and metal-loaded plate 3 is 3mm.A is variable herein, and a selects from 12.5mm to 40mm, every 2.5mm software, once calculates.
Simulating, verifying is as follows:
1) contrast has metal-loaded plate and the S11 parameter during without metal-loaded plate, and its result is as shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b, and wherein, Fig. 4 a is the S11 parameter schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention RFID label antenna emulation experiment during without metal-loaded plate; Fig. 4 b is the S11 parameter schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention RFID label antenna emulation experiment while having metal-loaded plate; During without metal-loaded plate, frequency is 941MHz, and resonance frequency is 916MHz while having metallic plate.Thereby known metal-loaded plate can reduce the resonance frequency of antenna, reduce label antenna size.(the S11 parameter reaction resonance frequency of label antenna and the matching degree of label antenna and chip.The less impedance matching of S11 value is better, thereby can make a day energy for alignment chip transmission damage minimum).
2) contrast has metal-loaded plate 3 and RFID label antenna gain during without metal-loaded plate 3.Fig. 5 a is the change in gain schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention RFID label antenna emulation experiment during without metal-loaded plate; Fig. 5 b is the change in gain schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention RFID label antenna emulation experiment while having metal-loaded plate.
As shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b, during without metal-loaded plate, label antenna gain is-5.2dB, and while having metal-loaded plate, label antenna gain is-3.6dB.The label antenna gain 1.6dB that risen during without metal-loaded plate.So metal-loaded plate can improve label antenna gain, improve the reading/writing distance of label.
3) resonance frequency of label antenna when the length a of contrast metal-loaded plate 3 is from 12.5mm to 40mm.Fig. 6 is that in first embodiment of the invention RFID label antenna emulation experiment, resonance frequency during metal-loaded plate different length changes schematic diagram.
As shown in Figure 6, along with the increase of a, the length dimension of metal-loaded plate increases, and the frequency of label antenna reduces gradually.So thereby the size of adjustable metal-loaded plate reaches reduction resonance frequency, dwindle label antenna size.
4) gain of label antenna when the length a of contrast metal-loaded plate is from 12.5mm to 40mm.Fig. 7 is change in gain schematic diagram during metal-loaded plate different length in first embodiment of the invention RFID label antenna emulation experiment;
As shown in Figure 7, along with the increase of metal-loaded plate 3 length dimensions, the gain of RFID label antenna is also improving.So the gain that can increase RFID label antenna by increasing metal-loaded board size, thereby the reading/writing distance of raising label.
2. the impact of the width b of checking metal-loaded plate 3 on tag performance.Identical simulation model shown in foundation and above-mentioned Fig. 3, is made as 60mm*2b by the size of metal-loaded plate 3.B is width variable herein, and from 5mm to 15mm, every 1mm does and once calculates and emulation.Fig. 8 is that in first embodiment of the invention RFID label antenna emulation experiment, resonance frequency during metal-loaded plate different in width changes schematic diagram; Fig. 9 is change in gain schematic diagram during metal-loaded plate different in width in first embodiment of the invention RFID label antenna emulation experiment; Relatively simulation result is as follows:
1) as follows according to the variation of the variation label resonance frequency of b:
Known as shown in Figure 8, when b is 5mm, label resonance frequency is 935MHz, and when b is 15mm, label resonance frequency is 972MHz.Hence one can see that increases gradually as b, and the resonance frequency of RFID label antenna rises thereupon.Otherwise, can reduce by reducing the width of metal-loaded plate 3 as can be seen here the frequency of product, play the effect of reduction product size, as shown in Figure 6.
2) as follows according to the variation of the variation label antenna gain of b:
Known as shown in Figure 9, during b=5mm, label antenna gain is-3.7dB, and when b=15mm, the gain of RFID label antenna is-3.1dB.The width that increases as can be seen here metal-loaded plate 3 can increase the gain of label antenna, thereby improves the distance that reads of label, as shown in Figure 7.
The structure of the metal-loaded plate 2 that the present invention also can load by change RFID label antenna 1 top, as become the semi-ring that Open Side Down from one flat plate, thereby realizes the comprehensive protection to RFID label antenna.As described in following embodiment.
The second embodiment:
As shown in figure 10, the RFID label antenna of second embodiment of the invention, also comprises microstrip antenna 1, metallic reflection plate 2 and metal-loaded plate 3.Different from the first embodiment is, in the present embodiment, metal-loaded plate 3 is changed to by plate the semi-ring metal-loaded plate 3 that Open Side Down, in the present embodiment, metal-loaded plate 3 does not contact with metallic reflection plate 2, metal-loaded plate 3 in the present embodiment, can will be formed after vertical both sides bending by a rectangular metal plate.The RFID label antenna of the present embodiment, its performance also can be verified by emulation experiment.
3. the plate metal-loaded plate 3 of microstrip antenna 1 top in the model shown in above-mentioned Fig. 3 is replaced with to half ring-like metal-loaded plate 3 modelings that Open Side Down, realistic model as shown in figure 11.
1) contrast label frequency when loading dull and stereotyped and loading semi-ring, resonance frequency schematic diagram when Figure 12 a is RFID label antenna emulation experiment loading semi-ring metallic plate; Resonance frequency schematic diagram when Figure 12 b is RFID label antenna emulation experiment loaded planar metallic plate;
As shown in Figure 12 a and Figure 12 b, while loading semi-ring metal-loaded plate 3, RFID label antenna resonance frequency is 924MHz, and during loaded planar metallic plate, RFID label antenna resonance frequency is 934MHz.There is this visible, while loading semi-circular metallic plate, can further make RFID label antenna resonance frequency reduce, thereby label antenna size is further reduced.
2) label antenna gain when contrast loads dull and stereotyped and loading semi-ring,
As shown in Figure 13 a and Figure 13 b, when loading semi-ring metallic plate, label antenna gain be-3.7dB, and the gain of RFID label antenna is-4.3dB during loaded planar metallic plate.Hence one can see that while loading semi-ring metallic plate 3 than loaded planar metallic plate, and the gain of RFID label antenna is higher, and therefore tag read distance is also far away.
Each simulation result in above two embodiment of contrast can draw to draw a conclusion:
A: the length dimension that increases metal-loaded plate 3 is more more obvious to the raising of gain than the width dimensions that increases metal-loaded plate 3, so the design preferably increases the length dimension of metal-loaded plate, be the metal-loaded plate 3 of preferred elongated, elongated structure is also more conducive to the applicability of product;
B: the length dimension that RFID label antenna of the present invention is preferably metal-loaded plate 3 is set to 1/4th length of electromagnetic wave wavelength when Propagation, experimental results show that and improve the most obviously when wavelength time gain described in metal-loaded plate 3 is of a size of 1/4th, characteristic dimension is than best.And the width of metal-loaded plate 3 is set to cover the width of microstrip antenna 1, both can protect the microstrip antenna 1 of below, also can not increase product width size;
C: the preferred metal-loaded plate of RFID label antenna of the present invention is 1mm ~ 5mm from label antenna distance, and the medium between metal-loaded plate and label antenna is preferably air.
In a second embodiment, metal-loaded plate 3 does not contact with metallic reflection plate 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto, can be also that the two ends of metal-loaded plate 2 contact and form enclosed construction with metallic reflection plate, thereby have the third and fourth embodiment of the present invention.The third and fourth embodiment of the present invention, also can think two kinds of specific implementation forms of the FRID label antenna of second embodiment of the invention.
The 3rd embodiment:
As shown in figure 14, the FRID label antenna of third embodiment of the invention, microstrip antenna 1 is of a size of 25mm*9mm*3mm, metal-loaded plate above microstrip antenna 1 is U-shaped metal cap 4, U-shaped metal cap 4 wall thickness are 2mm, and length and width are of a size of 65mm*15mm, height 8mm.In the present embodiment, two bottoms of U-shaped metal cap 4 are connected with metallic reflection plate 5 by high strength glue 8, form an enclosed ring.Equally, the metal-loaded plate 3 in the present embodiment, can will be formed after the bending of both sides circular arc type by a rectangular metal plate.
The FRID label antenna of the present embodiment, utilizes distance test instrument to test it and reads distance, and during test, reading and writing device antenna adopts the linear polarized antenna of 6dBi, output equivalent power 2W ERP, and frequency sweep work is from 860MHz ~ 960MHz.As shown in figure 15, wherein the unit of abscissa is result: read distance/rice; The unit of ordinate is: frequency/MHz.In Figure 15, the curve of below represents not have the test result of U-shaped metal cap, and the curve table of top is shown with the test result of U-shaped metal cap.
As shown in Figure 15, read distance and be 8 meters to the maximum while not loading U-shaped metal cap, have reading apart from being 11 meters of the U-shaped metal cap of loading, reading before distance increases by 3 meters, increase approximately 37.5%, and resonance frequency is constant.
The structure of same the 3rd embodiment also can develop into the form of following the 4th embodiment:
The 4th embodiment:
In the present embodiment, U-shaped metal cap 8 has passed through further distortion, does not affect properties of product, can adopt bolt and insulated enclosure packing ring to fix or glue is fixed between U-shaped metal cap 8 and metallic reflection plate 5.
In the present embodiment, further increased the reliability of total and prevented that label is subject to damage.
The present invention has stronger versatility, applicable to arbitrarily ready-made RFID label to increase the beamwidth of antenna, improve antenna gain, to increase reading/writing distance.This metal structure of metal-loaded plate in the present invention can well protect inner label antenna to damage because of ambient pressure and impact, and especially when distortion forms the form of semi-closed or full cut-off cyclization afterwards, effect is more obvious.
The above; it is only the detailed description of preferred embodiment of the present invention and graphic; feature of the present invention is not limited to this; all scopes of the present invention should be as the criterion with following scope; the embodiment of all spirit variations similar with it that accords with the claims in the present invention protection range; all should be contained in category of the present invention, anyly be familiar with this skill person in the field of the invention, can think easily and variation or adjust and all can be encompassed in following claim protection range of the present invention.