CN1033461A - 一种高效矿山防尘剂 - Google Patents

一种高效矿山防尘剂 Download PDF

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CN1033461A
CN1033461A CN87102777A CN87102777A CN1033461A CN 1033461 A CN1033461 A CN 1033461A CN 87102777 A CN87102777 A CN 87102777A CN 87102777 A CN87102777 A CN 87102777A CN 1033461 A CN1033461 A CN 1033461A
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CN1006302B (zh
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陈文海
董昕
李秋小
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Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of CAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
    • B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)

Abstract

一种高效防尘剂，它由非离子表面活性剂月桂醇 聚氧乙烯醚，阴离子表面活性剂1，2-二正丁基萘 -6-磺酸钠和水所组成。本发明适应性强，对褐煤、 焦煤、二氧化硅粉尘均具有显著的降尘效果，与目前 采矿中常用的水相比可显著提高降尘效率。

Description

本发明属于采矿防尘技术。
矿山开采过程中会产生大量的粉尘，过量的粉尘不仅会损害现场操作人员的身体健康，有时在其它因素作用下，还可能发生爆炸事故。目前国内大都采用喷水降尘的方法来解决这一问题。但水对粉尘的润湿程度低，降尘效果很不理想。实验表明，当粉尘密度为200-300mg/m3时，水的降尘率为50%左右，大大高于国家规定的10mg/m3安全标准。近年来国内外都在研究各种类型的防尘剂以解决上述问题。如美国专利（U.Spat 4，425，252 1984.1.10）介绍了一种降尘剂，它由壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、异丙醇、乙二醇二丁醚与水混合而成。该防尘剂虽然具有一定的降尘效果，但由于组成复杂配制很不方便，而且药剂成本较高。
本发明的目的是研制一种降尘效率高，适应性强，造价低廉的矿山防尘剂。
本发明利用非离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂所具有的润湿性，以及两者混合后的协同效应，采用月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚和1、2-二正丁基萘-6-磺酸钠与水相混合制成高效防尘剂。配制时可根据配方将上述两种表面活性剂相混合，然后按配方比例加入水，并搅拌混合均匀后即可使用。
本发明制得的高效防尘剂与目前采矿中普遍使用的水相比可显著地提高降尘率。用本防尘剂经沉降试验及模拟粉尘现场喷淋降尘试验（采用滤膜式测尘仪测试）所得到的结果表明，本防尘剂不仅对褐煤粉有显著的降尘效果，而且对煤焦油含量较高的焦煤，以及二氧化硅粉尘也有显著地降尘效果（见表1）。本发明制备方法简便，成本低廉，而且可制成水溶液作为商品出售，也可在采矿现场配制后直接使用。
Figure 871027771_IMG1
本发明实施例
例1.取0.05-0.9（重量）份的月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，0.1-0.7（重量）份的1、2-二正丁基萘-6-磺酸钠，分别加入容器中搅拌混合，以水补足至100（重量）份，搅拌均匀待用。将过200目筛的焦煤粉尘200mg喷入粉尘现场模拟装置。与此同时将配制好的高效防尘剂对悬浮粉尘进行喷淋，并打开滤膜式粉尘测量仪，测量未沉降的残留粉尘。在上述过程中，模拟装置一直保持着可使粉尘悬浮的气流，按下式求出降尘率为85.4%。
降尘率%＝ (喷入粉尘重量-残留粉尘重量)/(喷入粉尘重量) ×100%
例2.防尘剂配制方法及降尘率测试方法同例1。取过200目筛的二氧化硅粉尘200mg，喷入粉尘现场模拟装置。计算出降尘率为88.3%。

Claims (2)

1、一种含有非离子表面活性剂，阴离子表面活性剂和水的矿山防尘剂，其特征在于它由非离子表面活性剂月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，阴离子表面活性剂1、2-二正丁基萘-6-磺酸钠和水所组成。
2、根据权利要求1所说的防尘剂，其特征在于各材料配比如下：
月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚  0.05-0.9%
1、2-二正丁基萘-6-磺酸钠  0.1-0.7%
水  99-99.8%
CN87100479A 1987-04-08 1987-04-08 一种高效矿山防尘剂 Expired CN1006302B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN87100479A CN1006302B (zh) 1987-04-08 1987-04-08 一种高效矿山防尘剂

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CN1033461A true CN1033461A (zh) 1989-06-21
CN1006302B CN1006302B (zh) 1990-01-03

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101735771B (zh) * 2009-12-01 2012-11-21 北京精诚博桑科技有限公司 一种用于水雾降尘的降尘剂
CN103275672A (zh) * 2013-06-07 2013-09-04 深圳市明灯科技有限公司 一种润湿捕尘剂
CN103361035A (zh) * 2013-08-06 2013-10-23 中国矿业大学 一种用于降尘的复合型发泡剂及其制备方法
CN105255450A (zh) * 2015-10-29 2016-01-20 中国矿业大学 一种降低煤炭粉尘的润湿型除尘剂的制备方法
CN105567166A (zh) * 2014-10-09 2016-05-11 刘国琛 一种高指向性降尘剂

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101735771B (zh) * 2009-12-01 2012-11-21 北京精诚博桑科技有限公司 一种用于水雾降尘的降尘剂
CN103275672A (zh) * 2013-06-07 2013-09-04 深圳市明灯科技有限公司 一种润湿捕尘剂
CN103275672B (zh) * 2013-06-07 2014-10-08 深圳市明灯科技有限公司 一种润湿捕尘剂
CN103361035A (zh) * 2013-08-06 2013-10-23 中国矿业大学 一种用于降尘的复合型发泡剂及其制备方法
CN105567166A (zh) * 2014-10-09 2016-05-11 刘国琛 一种高指向性降尘剂
CN105255450A (zh) * 2015-10-29 2016-01-20 中国矿业大学 一种降低煤炭粉尘的润湿型除尘剂的制备方法

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