CN103344485A - Axial loading system and loading method - Google Patents
Axial loading system and loading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103344485A CN103344485A CN2013102730343A CN201310273034A CN103344485A CN 103344485 A CN103344485 A CN 103344485A CN 2013102730343 A CN2013102730343 A CN 2013102730343A CN 201310273034 A CN201310273034 A CN 201310273034A CN 103344485 A CN103344485 A CN 103344485A
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Abstract
The invention provides an axial loading system and a loading method and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. A first piston and a second piston are arranged in a pipe barrel, a swelling agent is arranged between the first piston and the second piston, the pipe barrel is arranged between a loaded body and a pressure sensor, the second piston is in contact with the loaded body, the loaded body is in contact with a rigid frame body, the first piston is in contact with the pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is in contact with the rigid frame body. The loading method comprises the following steps that: the pressure sensor is arranged on the rigid frame body; the first piston is arranged in the bottom of the pipe barrel, and the pipe barrel is arranged on the pressure sensor; the swelling agent is filled into the pipe barrel, and a plastic film covers the swelling agent after the swelling agent is tamped to be smooth; the second piston is put in the pipe barrel, and the loaded body is arranged on the upper surface of the second piston; along with the swelling of the volume of the swelling agent, the swelling agent can axially push the first piston and the second piston, and the pressure sensor can be used for recording a value of swelling pressure applied to the loaded body and transferring the value to a statical strain indicator.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Geotechnical Engineering technical field, particularly relate to a kind of axial loading system and loading method.
Background technology
In the Geotechnical Engineering field, research for physical-mechanical properties of rock, the most frequently used method is from collection in worksite sillar sample, be processed into standard-sized test specimen in the laboratory, adopt pressure testing machine that it is carried out single shaft, twin shaft, normal triaxial or true three load tests, to obtain relevant material properties of rock parameter.
Because pressure testing machine can only be installed in indoor, for reflecting the anisotropy of rock mass, make tested body comprise more natural structure faces, the mode that adopts the on-the-spot original position of large-sized rock mass to load is usually tested, and hydraulic jack and the flat jacks of adopting load rock mass more in the test.
Wherein hydraulic jack deadweight is big, on-the-spot installs inconvenient, little, the test specimen discontinuity of power transmission face; Though the flat jack load capability is big, in light weight, power transmission face reaches greatly that power transmission is even, stroke is very little, generally has only 4mm, loading environment, mounting condition is all had relatively high expectations, and can't reuse.
Above-mentioned loading method, all realize loading with hydraulic means, because hydraulic means has characteristics such as cylinder seal requirement height, manufacturing cost height, if after test specimen is loaded, test specimen is implemented the test that explosion etc. has the impact endurance test shock characteristics, vibrations that explosion produces and impact and to cause damage to hydraulic loading device.
Summary of the invention
At the problem that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of need not hydraulic means, cheap for manufacturing cost, quality is light, load capability is big, shock resistance and vibration resistance reach reusable axial loading system and loading method by force.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of axial loading system, comprise charger part and load measurement part, and described charger partly comprises socket, first piston, second piston, swelling agent and rigid frame support body; Described load measurement partly comprises pressure transducer, statical strain indicator and cable;
Described socket has through hole, is provided with first piston and second piston in the socket through hole, and first piston is identical with the radial dimension of second piston, is provided with swelling agent between first piston and second piston; Described first piston and second piston all with the socket clearance fit; Described socket is arranged on and is loaded between body and the pressure transducer; Described second piston contacts with an end that is loaded body, and the other end that is loaded body contacts with the rigid frame support body; First piston contacts with an end of pressure transducer, and the other end of pressure transducer contacts with the rigid frame support body; Described pressure transducer adopts full-bridge to be connected by cable and statical strain indicator.
At described second piston and be loaded and be provided with force transmitting board between the body, force transmitting board adopts steel material.
Be provided with some pads between described first piston and pressure transducer, pad adopts steel material.
Be provided with some pads described being loaded between body and the rigid frame support body, pad adopts steel material.
Described first piston and second piston equate with the height of socket in axial height sum.
Adopt the loading method of described axial loading system, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: pressure transducer is placed on the rigid frame support body, utilizes cable that pressure transducer and statical strain indicator full-bridge are linked together simultaneously;
Step 2: first piston is put into the bottom of socket, guarantee first piston can be in socket upper and lower moving freely vertically, socket is placed on the pressure transducer, make first piston contact with pressure transducer;
Step 3: swelling agent is packed in the socket, and the swelling agent tamping is smooth, the swelling agent upper surface covered with plastic film after tamping is smooth;
Step 4: second piston is put into socket, make second piston closely contact with swelling agent;
Step 5: place at the upper surface of second piston and to be loaded body, order is loaded between body and the rigid frame support body and closely contacts;
Step 6: along with the increase of time, the volume of swelling agent can slowly expand, be subjected to the radial constraint of socket, swelling agent can promote first piston and second piston in the axial direction, this moment, pressure transducer can be noted the pressure value that is loaded the suffered turgor pressure of body, and the pressure value of turgor pressure with record is transferred to statical strain indicator simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention compared with prior art need not hydraulic means, and socket can adopt weldless steel tube commonly used, and first piston and second piston can adopt round steel simply to process, cause cheap for manufacturing cost, not high for the accuracy requirement of making processing yet.
2, the present invention compares with hydraulic means of the prior art, and in light weight, easy to carry, usable range is wider, and indoor loading and on-the-spot original position load and all can use.
3, the present invention utilizes swelling agent that loading force is provided, and loading force is big, load stable and the loading stroke is long.
4, the present invention compared with prior art because mechanism is simple, shock resistance and vibration resistance are strong, can be used for load and to carry out the test that explosion etc. has the impact endurance test shock characteristics, because cheap for manufacturing cost, even impacted and vibrations damage, the economic loss that causes is also very little.
5, charger of the present invention part can be taken out first piston earlier after load test finishes, and promotes the swelling agent of second piston after with the socket internal reaction by external force again and releases, and makes the charger part reusable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of axial loading system structural representation of the present invention;
The loaded load conditional curve figure of Fig. 2 for obtaining among the embodiment that adopts axial loading system of the present invention and loading method;
Among the figure, 1-socket, 2-first piston, 3-the second piston, 4-swelling agent, 5-force transmitting board, 6-pad, 7-pressure transducer, 8-statical strain indicator, 9-be loaded body, 10-cable, 11-rigid frame support body.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of axial loading system comprises charger part and load measurement part, and described charger partly comprises socket 1, first piston 2, second piston 3, swelling agent 4 and rigid frame support body 11; Described load measurement partly comprises pressure transducer 7, statical strain indicator 8 and cable 10;
Described socket 1 has through hole, is provided with first piston 2 and second piston 3 in socket 1 through hole, and first piston 2 is identical with the radial dimension of second piston 3, is provided with swelling agent 4 between first piston 2 and second piston 3; Described first piston 2 and second piston 3 all with socket 1 clearance fit; Described socket 1 is arranged on and is loaded between body 9 and the pressure transducer 7, and described second piston 3 contacts with an end that is loaded body 9, and the other end that is loaded body 9 contacts with rigid frame support body 11; First piston 2 contacts with an end of pressure transducer 7, and the other end of pressure transducer 7 contacts with rigid frame support body 11; Described pressure transducer 7 adopts full-bridge to be connected by cable 10 with statical strain indicator 8.
At described second piston 3 and be loaded and be provided with force transmitting board 5 between the body 9, force transmitting board 5 adopts steel materials.
Be provided with some pads 6 between described first piston 2 and pressure transducer 7, pad 6 adopts steel material.
Be provided with some pads 6 between body 9 and the rigid frame support body 11 described being loaded, pad 6 adopts steel material.
Described first piston 2 and second piston 3 equate with the height of socket 1 in axial height sum.
In the present embodiment, swelling agent 4 is selected for use and is static breaking agent, is loaded the grouan test specimen that body 9 preferred dimensions are 200mm * 200mm * 200mm; It is that φ 150mm, external diameter are that φ 177mm, wall thickness are that 13.5mm, height are the weldless steel tube of 200mm that the socket 1 of charger part adopts internal diameter; It is the round steel of φ 150mm that first piston 2 and second piston 3 all adopt diameter, highly is respectively 50mm and 150mm; Model is the pressure transducer 7 of BHR-4/100T, and its range is 0～1000KN, and the model of statical strain indicator 8 is the DH3818 type.
Adopt the loading method of described axial loading system, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: earlier pressure transducer 7 is placed on the rigid frame support body 11, utilize cable 10 that pressure transducer 7 and statical strain indicator 8 full-bridges are linked together simultaneously, according to on-the-spot actual installation situation, place the pad 6 of right quantity at pressure transducer 7, guarantee that as far as possible the center of pad 6 overlaps with the center of pressure transducer 7;
Step 2: the outer wall of inwall, first piston 2 and second piston 3 of socket 1 is polished smooth, leave the gap of 0.1mm between the outer wall of socket 1 inwall and first piston 2 and second piston 3, make first piston 2 and second piston 3 upper and lower moving freely vertically in socket 1; To highly put into socket 1 bottom for the first piston 2 of 50mm, socket 1 is placed in pad 6 tops on the pressure transducer 7, make first piston 2 contact with pad 6;
Step 3: the swelling agent 4 of weighing 1800g, measure the water of 360ml simultaneously with graduated cylinder, this moment, the water cement ratio of water and swelling agent 4 was 20:100, will pour into after both mixing and stirring in the socket 1, again that swelling agent 4 tampings are smooth, and the 4 upper surface covered with plastic film of the swelling agent after tamping is smooth;
Step 4: socket 1 inner wall cleaning is clean, put into again and highly be second piston 3 of 150mm, and knock the upper surface of second piston 3 gently with rubber mallet, second piston 3 is closely contacted with swelling agent 4;
Step 5: in order better to guarantee the homogeneity of transmitted load, above second piston 3, place force transmitting board 5, to be loaded body 9 then and be put into force transmitting board 5 tops, adjustment is loaded body 9 and force transmitting board 5, guarantees that as far as possible the center that is loaded body 9, force transmitting board 5, first piston 2, second piston 3, pressure transducer 7 overlaps; According to the gap size that is loaded between body 9 and the rigid frame support body 11, in the slit, insert the pad 6 of right quantity, guarantee pad 6 simultaneously be loaded body 9 and closely contact with rigid frame support body 11;
Step 6: along with the continuous reaction of swelling agent in the socket 14 with water, swelling agent 4 volumes can constantly expand, owing to be subjected to socket 1 constraint radially, swelling agent 4 can promote first piston 2 and second piston 3 in the axial direction, but because all suffering restraints, first piston 2 and second piston 3 also can't produce displacement, therefore swelling agent 4 produces acting force by first piston 2 and 3 pairs of pressure transducers of second piston 7, simultaneously pressure transducer 7 can be noted the pressure value that is loaded the suffered turgor pressure of body 9, and the pressure value that will record turgor pressure is transferred to statical strain indicator 8; When swelling agent 4 and water be reacted to the later stage time, axial turgor pressure rate of rise can be slack-off, when turgor pressure tends to be steady, assert that reaction finishes, the pressure value of the turgor pressure on the statical strain indicator 8 is divided by the sectional area that is loaded body 9 the most at last, can obtain being loaded the size of the load that body 9 is subjected to, the loaded load conditional curve figure of measurement result gained, as shown in Figure 2.
Claims (6)
1. axial loading system is characterized in that: comprise charger part and load measurement part, described charger partly comprises socket, first piston, second piston, swelling agent and rigid frame support body; Described load measurement partly comprises pressure transducer, statical strain indicator and cable;
Described socket has through hole, is provided with first piston and second piston in the socket through hole, and first piston is identical with the radial dimension of second piston, is provided with swelling agent between first piston and second piston; Described first piston and second piston all with the socket clearance fit; Described socket is arranged on and is loaded between body and the pressure transducer; Described second piston contacts with an end that is loaded body, and the other end that is loaded body contacts with the rigid frame support body; First piston contacts with an end of pressure transducer, and the other end of pressure transducer contacts with the rigid frame support body; Described pressure transducer adopts full-bridge to be connected by cable and statical strain indicator.
2. a kind of axial loading system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at described second piston and be loaded and be provided with force transmitting board between the body, force transmitting board adopts steel material.
3. a kind of axial loading system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with some pads between described first piston and pressure transducer, pad employing steel material.
4. a kind of axial loading system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with some pads described being loaded between body and the rigid frame support body, pad employing steel material.
5. a kind of axial loading system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first piston and second piston equate with the height of socket in axial height sum.
6. adopt the loading method of the described axial loading system of claim 1, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: pressure transducer is placed on the rigid frame support body, utilizes cable that pressure transducer and statical strain indicator full-bridge are linked together simultaneously;
Step 2: first piston is put into the bottom of socket, guarantee first piston can be in socket upper and lower moving freely vertically, socket is placed on the pressure transducer, make first piston contact with pressure transducer;
Step 3: swelling agent is packed in the socket, and the swelling agent tamping is smooth, the swelling agent upper surface covered with plastic film after tamping is smooth;
Step 4: second piston is put into socket, make second piston closely contact with swelling agent;
Step 5: place at the upper surface of second piston and to be loaded body, order is loaded between body and the rigid frame support body and closely contacts;
Step 6: along with the increase of time, the volume of swelling agent can slowly expand, be subjected to the radial constraint of socket, swelling agent can promote first piston and second piston in the axial direction, this moment, pressure transducer can be noted the pressure value that is loaded the suffered turgor pressure of body, and the pressure value of turgor pressure with record is transferred to statical strain indicator simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310273034.3A CN103344485B (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | Axial loading system and loading method |
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| CN201310273034.3A CN103344485B (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | Axial loading system and loading method |
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| CN103344485A true CN103344485A (en) | 2013-10-09 |
| CN103344485B CN103344485B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN106018266A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-12 | 山东科技大学 | Rock expansion test device |
| CN109030340A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-18 | 三峡大学 | A kind of self-expanding Load-unload device and method |
| CN109406284A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of unequal stress loading device for mechanical test |
| CN111735724A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-02 | 三峡大学 | Device and method for detecting creep stress of in-situ rock-soil body |
| CN117007446A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-11-07 | 江汉大学 | Stress loading device and method for light air cannon and Hopkinson bar experiment |
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Cited By (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106018266A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-10-12 | 山东科技大学 | Rock expansion test device |
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| CN109030340A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-18 | 三峡大学 | A kind of self-expanding Load-unload device and method |
| CN109030340B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2021-02-19 | 三峡大学 | Self-expansion loading and unloading device and method |
| CN109406284A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of unequal stress loading device for mechanical test |
| CN111735724A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-10-02 | 三峡大学 | Device and method for detecting creep stress of in-situ rock-soil body |
| CN111735724B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-03-10 | 三峡大学 | Device and method for detecting creep stress of in-situ rock-soil body |
| CN117007446A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-11-07 | 江汉大学 | Stress loading device and method for light air cannon and Hopkinson bar experiment |
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| CN103344485B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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