CN103344373A - Method for carrying out pressure fluctuation calibration on pressure sensor - Google Patents
Method for carrying out pressure fluctuation calibration on pressure sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种对压力传感器进行压力波动标定的方法，标定装置包括：主压力容器以及连接在所述主压力容器上的标准压力传感器和待标定压力传感器；机架以及固设在所述机架上的缸体，所述缸体的内腔底部通过二号管路与所述主压力容器连通；所述缸体的上部设有活塞，活塞杆的顶部外壁固设于有导向法兰，所述导向法兰以所述机架的立柱为导轨，且导向法兰上设有位移传感器；所述机架的顶部设有带动所述活塞杆上下运行的传动机构。本发明的装置和标定方法，满足通常现场环境的压力或差压传感器的压力波动标定需要。
The invention discloses a method for calibrating pressure fluctuations of a pressure sensor. The calibration device includes: a main pressure vessel, a standard pressure sensor connected to the main pressure vessel and a pressure sensor to be calibrated; The cylinder on the frame, the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder communicates with the main pressure vessel through the No. 2 pipeline; the upper part of the cylinder is equipped with a piston, and the top outer wall of the piston rod is fixed on the guide flange , the guide flange uses the column of the frame as a guide rail, and the guide flange is provided with a displacement sensor; the top of the frame is provided with a transmission mechanism that drives the piston rod to move up and down. The device and the calibration method of the invention meet the pressure fluctuation calibration requirements of pressure or differential pressure sensors in common on-site environments.
Description
技术领域： Technical field:
本发明涉及流体压力传感器的标定装置及标定方法，特别是涉及一种简单、方便、精密的流体压力或差压传感器的压力波动标定装置及其标定方法。The invention relates to a calibration device and a calibration method of a fluid pressure sensor, in particular to a simple, convenient and precise pressure fluctuation calibration device of a fluid pressure or differential pressure sensor and a calibration method thereof.
背景技术： Background technique:
压力是流体的一个最基本参数，在一定压力或差压下的压力波动测量在许多领域都显得非常重要，压力或差压传感器的压力波动标定是非常关键的环节；但是，现在尚缺少简单、方便和精密的压力波动标定装置和相应的标定方法。现有两种标定方法：其中一种压力标定方式是通过压力泵来提供压力，再通过标准的压力传感器来显示产生的压力大小，该方法需要较多的辅助设备，需要较大的工作环境，能耗较大，携带不便；该方法产生的压力大小主要靠溢流阀和压力泵来控制，较难实现压力大小的细微调节；同时，该方法的压力大小通过标准的压力传感器来显示，压力测量的精度完全由标准的压力传感器的精度决定，在不使用昂贵的标准压力传感器的情况下，是难以达到压力或差压传感器的压力波动标定要求。其中另一种压力标定方法是活塞式，通过砝码的质量和活塞的截面积来比值获得压力的大小，为了提高测量精度需要消除加载在活塞上的摩擦阻力，采用辅助旋转机构来使活塞和缸体间形成润滑油膜，减小摩擦系数，这种活塞式压力装置辅助设备较多，对环境要求较高，成本很高，难以广泛应用。Pressure is one of the most basic parameters of the fluid. The pressure fluctuation measurement under a certain pressure or differential pressure is very important in many fields. The pressure fluctuation calibration of the pressure or differential pressure sensor is a very critical link; however, there is still a lack of simple, A convenient and precise pressure fluctuation calibration device and a corresponding calibration method. There are two calibration methods: One of the pressure calibration methods is to provide pressure through a pressure pump, and then use a standard pressure sensor to display the generated pressure. This method requires more auxiliary equipment and a larger working environment. Large energy consumption and inconvenient to carry; the pressure generated by this method is mainly controlled by the overflow valve and pressure pump, and it is difficult to achieve fine adjustment of the pressure; at the same time, the pressure of this method is displayed through a standard pressure sensor. The accuracy of the measurement is completely determined by the accuracy of the standard pressure sensor. It is difficult to meet the pressure fluctuation calibration requirements of the pressure or differential pressure sensor without using an expensive standard pressure sensor. Another pressure calibration method is the piston type. The pressure is obtained by the ratio between the mass of the weight and the cross-sectional area of the piston. In order to improve the measurement accuracy, it is necessary to eliminate the frictional resistance loaded on the piston. An auxiliary rotation mechanism is used to make the piston and A lubricating oil film is formed between the cylinders to reduce the coefficient of friction. This type of piston pressure device has many auxiliary equipment, has high requirements on the environment, and is expensive, so it is difficult to be widely used.
发明内容： Invention content:
为克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种简单、方便、精密的压力装置和标定方法，满足通常现场环境的压力或差压传感器的压力波动标定需要。In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a simple, convenient and precise pressure device and calibration method, which can meet the pressure fluctuation calibration requirements of pressure or differential pressure sensors in common field environments.
本发明解决技术问题采用如下技术方案：The present invention solves technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:
压力传感器的压力波动标定装置，包括：Pressure fluctuation calibration device for pressure sensor, including:
主压力容器以及连接在所述主压力容器上的标准压力传感器和待标定压力传感器；A main pressure vessel and a standard pressure sensor connected to the main pressure vessel and a pressure sensor to be calibrated;
机架以及固设在所述机架上的缸体，所述缸体的内腔底部通过二号管路与所述主压力容器连通；A frame and a cylinder fixed on the frame, the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder communicates with the main pressure vessel through the No. 2 pipeline;
所述缸体的上部设有活塞，活塞杆的顶部外壁固设于有导向法兰，所述导向法兰以所述机架的立柱为导轨，且导向法兰与导轨间设有位移传感器；The upper part of the cylinder body is provided with a piston, and the top outer wall of the piston rod is fixed on a guide flange, and the guide flange uses the column of the frame as a guide rail, and a displacement sensor is arranged between the guide flange and the guide rail;
所述机架的顶部设有带动所述活塞杆上下运行的传动机构。The top of the frame is provided with a transmission mechanism that drives the piston rod to run up and down.
所述活塞杆的上段中空并设有内螺纹，所述机架的上部设有与所述内螺纹匹配的丝杠，机架的顶部还设有控制电机、减速机及联轴器，所述丝杠的顶端与所述联轴器固联。The upper section of the piston rod is hollow and provided with an internal thread, the top of the frame is provided with a lead screw matching the internal thread, and the top of the frame is also provided with a control motor, a reducer and a shaft coupling. The top end of the lead screw is fixedly connected with the coupling.
对于差压传感器的压力波动标定，本发明采用的方案为：For the pressure fluctuation calibration of the differential pressure sensor, the scheme adopted by the present invention is:
差压传感器的压力波动标定装置，其包括：A pressure fluctuation calibration device for a differential pressure sensor, comprising:
主压力容器以及连接在所述主压力容器上的标准压力传感器和待标定压力传感器；A main pressure vessel and a standard pressure sensor connected to the main pressure vessel and a pressure sensor to be calibrated;
机架以及固设在所述机架上的缸体，所述缸体的内腔底部通过二号管路与所述主压力容器连通；A frame and a cylinder fixed on the frame, the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder communicates with the main pressure vessel through the No. 2 pipeline;
所述缸体的上部设有活塞，活塞杆的顶部外壁固设于有导向法兰，所述导向法兰以所述机架的立柱为导轨，且导向法兰与导轨间设有位移传感器；The upper part of the cylinder body is provided with a piston, and the top outer wall of the piston rod is fixed on a guide flange, and the guide flange uses the column of the frame as a guide rail, and a displacement sensor is arranged between the guide flange and the guide rail;
所述机架的顶部设有带动所述活塞杆上下运行的传动机构；The top of the frame is provided with a transmission mechanism that drives the piston rod to run up and down;
设置辅助压力容器，连通在辅助压力容器底部的三号管路与所述二号管路及所述缸体的内腔形成三通，在所述三号管路上设有第二阀门；An auxiliary pressure vessel is set, the No. 3 pipeline connected to the bottom of the auxiliary pressure vessel forms a tee with the No. 2 pipeline and the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and a second valve is arranged on the No. 3 pipeline;
所述辅助压力容器的上部通过一号管路与所述主压力容器连通，并在所述一号管路上设有第一阀门及待标定差压传感器。The upper part of the auxiliary pressure vessel communicates with the main pressure vessel through the No. 1 pipeline, and a first valve and a differential pressure sensor to be calibrated are arranged on the No. 1 pipeline.
与已有技术相比，本发明的有益效果体现在：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in:
1、采用活塞位移计算流体压力，从而不用考虑加载在活塞的摩擦阻力，不用添加消除摩擦阻力的旋转机构，不用泵阀，使得该压力装置简单，携带方便，成本降低；1. The piston displacement is used to calculate the fluid pressure, so that there is no need to consider the frictional resistance loaded on the piston, no need to add a rotating mechanism to eliminate frictional resistance, and no pump valve, making the pressure device simple, easy to carry, and low in cost;
2、采用控制电机、减速器、联轴器及丝杠驱动活塞杆，通过与活塞杆同步位移的位移传感器，可以精确、方便地控制活塞移动的位移大小，从而精确地控制流体的体积变化，最终达到精确地控制流体的压力变化，不用调节泵，或者改变砝码质量，使得该压力装置使用方便，且能够产生所需的相当精确的压力。2. The piston rod is driven by the control motor, reducer, coupling and lead screw, and the displacement of the piston can be accurately and conveniently controlled through the displacement sensor synchronously displaced with the piston rod, thereby accurately controlling the volume change of the fluid. Finally, the pressure change of the fluid can be precisely controlled without adjusting the pump or changing the mass of the weight, so that the pressure device is easy to use and can generate the required fairly accurate pressure.
3、通过曲线拟合建立活塞位移和压力间的关系，不用泵，不用配备昂贵的标定用压力传感器，不用配备标准的砝码组件，使得该压力测量方法实用性较宽，装置成本降低，操作简单。3. The relationship between piston displacement and pressure is established by curve fitting, without pumps, expensive calibration pressure sensors, and standard weight components, which makes the pressure measurement method more practical, reduces device costs, and is easy to operate. Simple.
4、采用位移传感器来测量压力，可以获得比标准压力传感器更高的压力测量分辨率，更好的地满足一定压力下的压力或差压传感器的压力波动标定要求。4. Using displacement sensors to measure pressure can obtain higher pressure measurement resolution than standard pressure sensors, and better meet the pressure fluctuation calibration requirements of pressure or differential pressure sensors under a certain pressure.
附图说明： Description of drawings:
图1为本发明装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.
图中标号：1主压力容器，2标准压力传感器，3待标定压力传感器，4缸体，5二号管路，6导向法兰，7立柱，8位移传感器，9活塞杆，10丝杠，11控制电机，12减速机，13联轴器，14辅助压力容器，15三号管路，16第二阀门，17一号管路，18第二阀门，19待标定差压传感器。Labels in the figure: 1 main pressure vessel, 2 standard pressure sensor, 3 pressure sensor to be calibrated, 4 cylinder body, 5 No. 2 pipeline, 6 guide flange, 7 column, 8 displacement sensor, 9 piston rod, 10 lead screw, 11 Control motor, 12 Reducer, 13 Coupling, 14 Auxiliary pressure vessel, 15 No. 3 pipeline, 16 Second valve, 17 No. 1 pipeline, 18 Second valve, 19 Differential pressure sensor to be calibrated.
以下通过具体实施方式，并结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
具体实施方式： Detailed ways:
实施例1：参见图1，对于压力传感器的压力波动进行标定，其装置包括：Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1, the pressure fluctuation of pressure sensor is calibrated, and its device comprises:
主压力容器1以及连接在主压力容器上的标准压力传感器2和待标定压力传感器3；The main pressure vessel 1 and the standard pressure sensor 2 connected to the main pressure vessel and the pressure sensor 3 to be calibrated;
机架以及固设在机架上的缸体4，缸体4的内腔底部通过二号管路5与主压力容器1连通；在缸体4的上部设有活塞，活塞与缸体内壁之间密封，活塞上下移动带动缸体内腔中的流体液位升降，使主压力容器内的流体压力产生波动。所述活塞的活塞杆9的顶部外壁固设于有导向法兰6，导向法兰6以机架的立柱7为导轨，并在导向法兰上设有位移传感器8，活塞杆9的上段中空并设有内螺纹，机架的上部设有与内螺纹匹配的丝杠10，机架的顶部还设有控制电机11、减速机12及联轴器13，丝杠10的顶端与联轴器13固联。工作时，由控制电机驱动丝杠10转动，丝杠只转动并不上下位移，因此可由丝杠驱动活塞杆上下移动。The frame and the cylinder body 4 fixed on the frame, the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 4 communicates with the main pressure vessel 1 through the No. Between the seals, the piston moves up and down to drive the fluid level in the cylinder cavity to rise and fall, causing the fluid pressure in the main pressure vessel to fluctuate. The top outer wall of the piston rod 9 of the piston is fixed on a guide flange 6, and the guide flange 6 takes the column 7 of the frame as a guide rail, and is provided with a displacement sensor 8 on the guide flange, and the upper section of the piston rod 9 is hollow. And be provided with internal thread, the top of frame is provided with lead screw 10 that matches with internal thread, the top of frame is also provided with control motor 11, reducer 12 and coupling 13, the top of lead screw 10 and coupling 13 solid connection. During work, the leading screw 10 is driven by the control motor to rotate, and the leading screw only rotates and does not move up and down, so the piston rod can be driven to move up and down by the leading screw.
采用本装置对压力传感器进行压力波动标定的方法，操作时按如下步骤进行：Using this device to calibrate the pressure fluctuation of the pressure sensor, the operation is carried out according to the following steps:
A、将待标定压力传感器3安装在主压力容器1上；A. Install the pressure sensor 3 to be calibrated on the main pressure vessel 1;
B、启动控制电机11，通过减速机12、联轴器13驱动丝杠10转动，丝杠10带动活塞杆9下行，根据待标定压力传感器3的量程，选择若干分布在量程压力区间中的不同的压力点，移动活塞，从零压力开始直到标准压力传感器2显示的压力达到待标定压力传感器3的满量程的压力为止；B. Start the control motor 11, drive the lead screw 10 to rotate through the reducer 12 and the shaft coupling 13, and the lead screw 10 drives the piston rod 9 to go down. At the pressure point, move the piston, starting from zero pressure until the pressure displayed by the standard pressure sensor 2 reaches the full scale pressure of the pressure sensor 3 to be calibrated;
C、分别记下不同压力点的压力值及其对应的位移传感器8上的位移值，以所述位移值为横坐标，以压力值为纵坐标，在直角坐标系中，标出位移传感器显示的位移值和相应标准压力传感器显示的压力值所对应的一组坐标点，再用曲线拟合这一组坐标点，建立活塞位移和主压力容器的压力间的关系；C, write down the pressure value of different pressure points and the displacement value on the corresponding displacement sensor 8 respectively, with described displacement value as abscissa, with pressure value as ordinate, in Cartesian coordinate system, mark displacement sensor display A set of coordinate points corresponding to the displacement value of the corresponding standard pressure sensor and the pressure value displayed by the corresponding standard pressure sensor, and then use the curve fitting to this set of coordinate points to establish the relationship between the displacement of the piston and the pressure of the main pressure vessel;
D、根据待标定压力传感器所要测量的在规定压力下的压力波动，第一步，大位移的移动活塞，使标准压力传感器2上显示的数值达到规定压力；第二步，根据已建立的活塞位移和主压力容器的压力间的关系，由压力波动的大小求出活塞的位移值，再微量移动活塞，便可以产生所需的微小压力波动，获得标准压力传感器无法测量的微小压力波动，实现对待标定压力传感器的压力波动的标定。D. According to the pressure fluctuation under the specified pressure to be measured by the pressure sensor to be calibrated, the first step is to move the piston with a large displacement so that the value displayed on the standard pressure sensor 2 reaches the specified pressure; the second step is to use the established piston The relationship between the displacement and the pressure of the main pressure vessel, the displacement value of the piston is obtained from the size of the pressure fluctuation, and then the small movement of the piston can generate the required small pressure fluctuation, and obtain the small pressure fluctuation that cannot be measured by the standard pressure sensor. Calibration of pressure fluctuations of the pressure sensor to be calibrated.
实施例2：对于差压传感器的压力波动标定，其装置包括：Embodiment 2: For the pressure fluctuation calibration of the differential pressure sensor, its device includes:
主压力容器1以及连接在主压力容器上的标准压力传感器2和待标定压力传感器3；The main pressure vessel 1 and the standard pressure sensor 2 connected to the main pressure vessel and the pressure sensor 3 to be calibrated;
机架以及固设在机架上的缸体4，缸体4的内腔底部通过二号管路5与主压力容器1连通；在缸体4的上部设有活塞，活塞与缸体内壁之间密封，活塞上下移动带动缸体内腔中的流体液位升降，使主压力容器内的流体压力产生波动。所述活塞的活塞杆9的顶部外壁固设于有导向法兰6，导向法兰6以机架的立柱7为导轨，并在导向法兰上设有位移传感器8，活塞杆9的上段中空并设有内螺纹，机架的上部设有与内螺纹匹配的丝杠10，机架的顶部还设有控制电机11、减速机12及联轴器13，丝杠10的顶端与联轴器13固联。工作时，由控制电机驱动丝杠10转动，丝杠只转动并不上下位移，因此可由丝杠驱动活塞杆上下移动。The frame and the cylinder body 4 fixed on the frame, the bottom of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 4 communicates with the main pressure vessel 1 through the No. Between the seals, the piston moves up and down to drive the fluid level in the cylinder cavity to rise and fall, causing the fluid pressure in the main pressure vessel to fluctuate. The top outer wall of the piston rod 9 of the piston is fixed on a guide flange 6, and the guide flange 6 takes the column 7 of the frame as a guide rail, and is provided with a displacement sensor 8 on the guide flange, and the upper section of the piston rod 9 is hollow. And be provided with internal thread, the top of frame is provided with lead screw 10 that matches with internal thread, the top of frame is also provided with control motor 11, reducer 12 and coupling 13, the top of lead screw 10 and coupling 13 solid connection. During work, the leading screw 10 is driven by the control motor to rotate, and the leading screw only rotates and does not move up and down, so the piston rod can be driven to move up and down by the leading screw.
另外设置辅助压力容器14，连通在辅助压力容器14底部的三号管路15与二号管路5及缸体的内腔形成三通，在三号管路15上设有第二阀门16；In addition, an auxiliary pressure vessel 14 is set, and the No. 3 pipeline 15 connected to the bottom of the auxiliary pressure vessel 14 forms a tee with the No. 2 pipeline 5 and the inner cavity of the cylinder body, and a second valve 16 is provided on the No. 3 pipeline 15;
辅助压力容器14的上部通过一号管路17与主压力容器1连通，并在一号管路17上设有第一阀门18及待标定差压传感器19。The upper part of the auxiliary pressure vessel 14 communicates with the main pressure vessel 1 through a No. 1 pipeline 17 , and a first valve 18 and a differential pressure sensor 19 to be calibrated are arranged on the No. 1 pipeline 17 .
采用本装置对差压传感器进行压力波动标定的方法，操作时按如下步骤进行：The method of using this device to calibrate the pressure fluctuation of the differential pressure sensor is carried out according to the following steps during operation:
A、将待标定差压传感器19安装在第一阀门18和辅助压力容器14之间的一号管路17上，然后打开第一阀门18和第二阀门16；A. Install the differential pressure sensor 19 to be calibrated on the No. 1 pipeline 17 between the first valve 18 and the auxiliary pressure vessel 14, and then open the first valve 18 and the second valve 16;
B、启动控制电机11，通过减速机12、联轴器13驱动丝杠10转动，丝杠10带动活塞杆9下行，活塞向下移动，使得标准压力传感器2达到参考压力，关闭控制电机11；B. Start the control motor 11, drive the lead screw 10 to rotate through the reducer 12 and the shaft coupling 13, the lead screw 10 drives the piston rod 9 to move downward, and the piston moves downward, so that the standard pressure sensor 2 reaches the reference pressure, and the control motor 11 is turned off;
C、关闭第二阀门16，再次启动控制电机11，丝杠10驱动活塞下移，根据待标定差压传感器19的量程，选择若干分布在量程压力内的不同的压力点，移动活塞，从参考压力值开始，直到标准压力传感器显示的压力达到参考压力与待标定差压传感器的量程压力的和时为止，分别记下不同压力点的压力值及其对应的位移传感器上的位移值；C. Close the second valve 16, start the control motor 11 again, and the lead screw 10 drives the piston to move down. According to the range of the differential pressure sensor 19 to be calibrated, select several different pressure points distributed in the range pressure, and move the piston. From the pressure value, until the pressure displayed by the standard pressure sensor reaches the sum of the reference pressure and the range pressure of the differential pressure sensor to be calibrated, record the pressure values at different pressure points and the corresponding displacement values on the displacement sensor;
D、以位移值为横坐标，以压力值为纵坐标，在直角坐标系中，标出位移传感器显示的位移值和相应标准压力传感器显示的压力值与参考压力的差所对应的一组坐标点，再用曲线拟合这一组坐标点，在参考压力下，建立活塞位移和主压力容器的压力变化间的关系；D. Take the displacement as the abscissa and the pressure as the ordinate, and in the Cartesian coordinate system, mark a group of coordinates corresponding to the difference between the displacement value displayed by the displacement sensor and the pressure value displayed by the corresponding standard pressure sensor and the reference pressure point, and then use the curve to fit this group of coordinate points, under the reference pressure, establish the relationship between the piston displacement and the pressure change of the main pressure vessel;
E、根据待标定差压传感器所要测量的在规定差压下的压力波动，第一步，移动活塞，使标准压力传感器上显示的数值达到规定参考压力值；第二步，根据已建立的活塞位移和主压力容器的压力变化间的关系，由压力波动的大小求出活塞的位移值，微量移动活塞，便可以产生所需的微小压力波动，获得标准压力传感器无法测量的微小压力波动，实现对待标定差压传感器在规定压力下的压力波动的标定。E. According to the pressure fluctuation under the specified differential pressure to be measured by the differential pressure sensor to be calibrated, in the first step, move the piston so that the value displayed on the standard pressure sensor reaches the specified reference pressure value; in the second step, according to the established piston The relationship between the displacement and the pressure change of the main pressure vessel, the displacement value of the piston is obtained from the size of the pressure fluctuation, and the small movement of the piston can generate the required small pressure fluctuation, and obtain the small pressure fluctuation that cannot be measured by the standard pressure sensor. The calibration of the pressure fluctuation of the differential pressure sensor to be calibrated under the specified pressure.
在流体性能确定的情况下，采用高精度的标准压力传感器建立压力和活塞位移间的关系曲线后，以后使用中可以不用标准压力传感器2。该装置也可直接作为低精度的压力传感器的压力标定和低精度差压传感器的压差标定。When the performance of the fluid is determined, the standard pressure sensor 2 may not be used in future use after a high-precision standard pressure sensor is used to establish a relationship curve between pressure and piston displacement. The device can also be directly used for pressure calibration of low-precision pressure sensors and differential pressure calibration of low-precision differential pressure sensors.
辅助压力容器14也可以为管道。The auxiliary pressure vessel 14 can also be a pipeline.
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