CN103341294B - High-temperature gas filter device and filtering method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature gas filter device and filtering method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103341294B CN103341294B CN201310258483.0A CN201310258483A CN103341294B CN 103341294 B CN103341294 B CN 103341294B CN 201310258483 A CN201310258483 A CN 201310258483A CN 103341294 B CN103341294 B CN 103341294B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature gas filter device and method. When the high-temperature gas filter device is started or blows back for ash removal, a first powder dust layer and a second powder dust layer are sequentially pre-coated on the outer surface of a filter pipe from inside to outside through a first powder conveying pipeline and a second powder conveying pipeline so as to form a pre-coating layer with a protection function on the outer surface of the filter pipe, and then dust-containing process gas is filtered. The filtration efficiency of the filter pipe can be improved, deposition of dust particles in micro-pores of the filter pipe is reduced, the back-blow ash removal efficiency is improved, the filter pipe keeps low operation resistance all the time, and the service life of the filter pipe is prolonged. The device and the method are applied to handling of the working condition that the process gas contains viscous dust, tar and water vapor, a protection layer can be formed on the surface of the filter pipe, air-slaked and viscous matters are absorbed to the pre-coated dust layers, and the micro-pores of the filter pipe are protected from being blocked by the viscous dust, the tar and the like, so that a filter can steadily operate for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to high-temperature gas-solid isolation technics, particularly relate to a kind of dust granules thing viscosity be applicable in dust-laden process gas large, association simultaneously has high temperature air filtration device and the filter method thereof of the complex working condition such as tar and steam.
Background technology
In the industries such as chemical industry, oil, metallurgy, electric power, often produce high-temperature dusty gas; Because different process needs recover energy and reach environmental emission standard, all need to carry out dedusting to these high-temperature dusty gas.Gas cleaning at high temperature directly carries out gas solid separation under hot conditions, and realize a technology of gas purification, it farthest can utilize the physical sensible heat of gas, potential chemical heat and kinetic force, improve energy utilization rate, simultaneously process simplification, save equipment investment.
High temperature air filtration technology is acknowledged as the most potential high-temperature gas-solid isolation technics.The capital equipment of high temperature air filtration technology is high-temperature gas filter, and the rigid filter pipe intensity such as sintered metal filtration pipe wherein or ceramic filter tube are high, and resistance to elevated temperatures is good, usually can operate under the worst hot case more than 600 DEG C; Filtering accuracy is high, usually can remove the dust granules thing of more than 5 μm, and the gas dust content after filtration is less than 5mg/Nm
3, separative efficiency reaches 99.9%.Meet subsequent technique requirement.The rigid filter pipe of these two kinds of forms has a wide range of applications in high temperature air filtration technology.
The sintered metal filtration pipe used in prior art or ceramic filter tube mostly are cylindric, and one end of screen pipe is closed, other end opening, and openend is provided with flange, is used for hanging being fixed on the tube sheet of filter; The body of screen pipe is poromerics, and dust granules thing during filtration in dusty gas is intercepted at the outer surface of screen pipe, and purified gas enters subsequent technique through the porous channel of poromerics.
In filter operation process, dust granules thing builds up in the outside wall surface of screen pipe, forms cake layer, along with the thickness of cake layer increases gradually, the resistance of screen pipe also increases thereupon, when resistance reaches certain value, usually adopts the mode of pulse backblowing to carry out deashing to screen pipe.The gas flow direction of pulse backblowing is contrary with filtered airflow, purge gas enters into the inside of screen pipe by the openend of screen pipe, the energy of transient state is utilized to be peeled off by the muffin layer of screen pipe outer surface, make the resistance of screen pipe substantially return to original state, thus realize the quality rebuilding of screen pipe.
In high temperature air filtration technique, the usual more complicated of composition of dusty gas, when adopting existing high-temperature gas filter and filter method process dust-laden process gas thereof, there are the following problems:
(1) in operating process, the filter efficiency of screen pipe is unstable.
The filter efficiency of screen pipe after initial operation stage and reverse gas cleaning is lower, and after only having screen pipe outside wall surface to form certain thickness cake layer, its filter efficiency just increases, and therefore, the filter efficiency in whole filter operation process is unstable.
The micropore size size of screen pipe will match with the dust granules thing particle diameter in processed dust-laden process gas, in the operation of reality, the particle size range of the dust granules thing in dusty gas is wider, the micropore size of screen pipe is usually only roughly the same with the average grain diameter of dust granules thing, thus takes into account running resistance and the filter efficiency of screen pipe.When the aperture of usual filtering micropore is large, the resistance of screen pipe is relatively low, and the operation energy consumption of filter is little, but filter efficiency is also lower; The aperture hour of filtering micropore, the resistance of screen pipe is higher, and the operation energy consumption of filter is comparatively large, but can obtain higher filter efficiency.In filter operation process, the cake layer that the outer wall of screen pipe is formed has positive role to interception fine dust particles thing and raising filter efficiency; But so just inevitably there is a problem, a period of time after initial operation phase and reverse gas cleaning, screen pipe outside wall surface not yet forms cake layer, while filtering micropore allows gas to pass through, also the particle being less than micropore can be made to enter the process gas after purification through screen pipe, make the filter efficiency of screen pipe lower, cause the dust content in clean gas too high, affect subsequent technique and produce.
(2) fine dust particles thing be deposited on screen pipe micro channel inside cause the resistance of screen pipe constantly to increase, reduce over the service life of chimney filter.
Micropore due to screen pipe is irregular labyrinth passage, therefore, be less than the dust granules thing of screen pipe micropore size easily in the process of filtering, embed and be deposited on the inside of filtering micropore, the dust granules be deposited in screen pipe can not be removed during reverse gas cleaning, blocking filtration channel, makes the resistance of screen pipe constantly increase, reduces over the service life of chimney filter.
(3) when the dust granules thing viscosity in dust-laden process gas is large, and when association has a material such as tar and steam, the operation easier of high temperature air filtration increases; The operations of material to screen pipe such as the tar in dusty gas, steam have serious harm, interact with dust granules thing, when sticking to screen pipe surface, increase the difficulty of reverse gas cleaning, even can block the micro channel of screen pipe, cause screen pipe premature failure.As shown in Figure 5, be the schematic diagram that in prior art, during reverse gas cleaning, filter cake is peeled off, the cake layer A ' of screen pipe 21 ' outer surface comes off in fine grained chippings, and after reverse gas cleaning, the outer surface of screen pipe still has thicker residual dust layer B ', adds the resistance of screen pipe.
Above-mentioned phenomenon is particularly evident in the driving and docking process of filter operation, owing to drive and the operating temperature of docking process and pressure change greatly, tar and water vapor condensation are separated out, tar and condensed water are once be attached to the outside wall surface of screen pipe, the micropore easily penetrating into screen pipe is inner, cause the permanent blockage of screen pipe micropore, the performance of screen pipe is non-renewable; At the normal operating phase of filter, when the working conditions change such as temperature and pressure of process gas rises and falls, also easily cause the tar in process gas and water vapor condensation to be separated out, therefore, the situation of screen pipe premature failure happens occasionally in the prior art.
Thus, the present inventor relies on experience and the practice of being engaged in relevant industries for many years, mainly for the complex working condition containing caking property dust, tar and steam in process gas, a kind of high temperature air filtration device and filter method thereof are proposed, to overcome the defect of prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high temperature air filtration device and filter method thereof, to improve the filter efficiency of screen pipe, reduce dust granules to deposit in screen pipe micropore simultaneously, improve reverse gas cleaning efficiency, make the running resistance that screen pipe keeps lower always, extend the service life of screen pipe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high temperature air filtration device and filter method thereof; for the treatment of the operating mode containing sticky dust, tar and steam in process gas; layer protective layer can be formed at the outer surface of screen pipe; deliquescence and stickum are adsorbed on precoating dust layer; to protect screen pipe to avoid the blocking to filtering micropore such as sticky dust, tar, thus ensure that the long-term stability of filter is run.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of high temperature air filtration device, and described filter at least comprises a high-temperature gas filter, and the tube sheet of described filter is provided with multiple filter element, at least comprises a screen pipe in described each filter element; Filter seal is divided into the clean gas chamber on top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom by described tube sheet, dusty gas chamber is provided with dusty gas entrance pipe, the first valve is provided with in this dusty gas entrance pipe, clean gas chamber is provided with clean gas export pipeline, is provided with the second valve in this clean gas export pipeline; Each filter element top is equipped with the blowback pipeline corresponding with filter element; A precoating powder intake line is provided with at the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom, be provided with the first gas-heating apparatus in this precoating powder intake line, be provided with the first powder carry pipeline and the second powder carry pipeline the first gas-heating apparatus is in parallel with between filter; Described first powder carry pipeline is contacted by the first powder feed device and the 3rd valve and is formed; Described second powder carry pipeline is contacted by the second powder feed device and the 4th valve and is formed.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, be also provided with clean gas at the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom and purge intake line and dusty gas purging output pipe; Described clean gas purges intake line and is made up of the second gas-heating apparatus and the 5th valve series winding; Described dusty gas purges output pipe and is made up of the 6th valve.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described screen pipe is sintered metal filtration pipe or ceramic filter tube; In described first powder feed device, the Volume Median particle diameter of the first powder is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe; In described second powder feed device, the Volume Median particle diameter of the second powder is less than the micropore size of screen pipe.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the Volume Median particle diameter of described first powder is 1.5 ~ 2 times of screen pipe micropore size; Described second powder Volume Median particle diameter is 0.4 ~ 0.6 times of screen pipe micropore.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in the form of sheets, the particle diameter shape of described second powder is spherical to the particle diameter shape of described first powder.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described first powder select from alpha-alumina, talcum powder or white lime one of them; Described second powder select from flyash or three revolve catalyst granules one of them.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, between the clean gas chamber on described top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom, be provided with differential pressure transmitter.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described filter is made up of multiple high-temperature gas filter parallel connection; The outer end that outer end and the dusty gas of the dusty gas entrance pipe of each high-temperature gas filter described purge output pipe is communicated with, and is connected to a dust-laden process gas total pipeline; The clean gas export pipeline of each high-temperature gas filter described is connected to a Clean synthesis gas total pipeline.
Object of the present invention can also realize like this; a kind ofly above-mentioned high temperature air filtration device is utilized to carry out the filter method of high temperature air filtration; when high temperature air filtration device starts or after reverse gas cleaning; successively by the first powder carry pipeline and the second powder carry pipeline at the outer surface precoating from the inside to the outside first powder dust layer of screen pipe and the second powder dust layer; make screen pipe outer surface form the precoated shet with defencive function, and then filter operation is carried out to dust-laden process gas.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described filter method comprises the following steps:
(1) when high temperature air filtration device starts or after reverse gas cleaning, first open the second valve, open the 3rd valve in the first powder carry pipeline afterwards, the first valve and the 4th valve are all in closed condition; Start the first powder feed device, the cleaning technology gas with pressure is passed in precoating powder intake line, this cleaning technology gas enters filter interior and carries out preheating and intensification to filter after the first gas-heating apparatus heats up, the first powder simultaneously in the first powder feed device passes into filter interior, under the effect of gas push power, first powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, forms the first powder dust layer of precoating at the outer surface of screen pipe;
(2) the 3rd valve is closed, open the 4th valve simultaneously, start the second powder feed device, by the cleaning technology gas after the first gas-heating apparatus heats up, the second powder in the second powder feed device is blown into filter interior, second powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, outside above-mentioned first powder dust layer, form the second powder dust layer of precoating, described first powder dust layer and the second powder dust layer form the precoated shet with defencive function jointly;
(3) close the 4th valve, open the first valve simultaneously, carry out normal filter operation;
(4) to needing the screen pipe carrying out quality rebuilding to carry out the operation of pulse backblowing deashing;
(5) step (1) ~ step (4) is repeated.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the aperture controlling the 3rd valve regulates the cleaning technology tolerance entering filter interior, makes the apparent filtration gas speed of screen pipe maintain 1 ~ 1.2m/min; The change in pressure drop shown by differential pressure transmitter controls the feeding quantity of the first powder, and the initial drop value before reinforced is P1, and when pressure drop ratio P1 increases by 300 ~ 500Pa, pressure drop is designated as P2, closes the 3rd valve, stops passing into the first powder to filter interior.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), when pressure drop ratio P2 increases about 200 ~ 300Pa, close the 4th valve, stop passing into the second powder to filter interior.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), pulse backblowing valve in the blowback pipeline needing the filter element top correspondence at the screen pipe place of carrying out quality rebuilding to arrange is opened, reverse gas cleaning is carried out to the screen pipe in this filter element, purge gas utilizes the energy of transient state by the precoated shet of screen pipe outer surface and is attached to the cake layer that the dust on precoated shet surface, tar and condensate water formed and peels off, and the ash bucket that cake layer falls into filter regularly removes.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, if step (1) is carried out after reverse gas cleaning, then before step (1), the delay dusty gas in the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom is cleared out of the purge step of filter by increase by; Described purge step is, clean gas is purged the 6th valve opening in the second gas-heating apparatus in intake line, the 5th valve and dusty gas purging output pipe, first valve ~ the 4th valve closing, purge intake line by clean gas in filter, pass into clean gas that there is pressure, that heat, the entrapped air volume in filter is purged output pipe by dusty gas and blows out.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the purge time of described purge step is set as 5 ~ 8min according to actual conditions.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, multiple high-temperature gas filter is in parallel; The outer end that the outer end of the dusty gas entrance pipe of each high-temperature gas filter and dusty gas purge output pipe is communicated with, and is connected to a dust-laden process gas total pipeline; The clean gas export pipeline of each high-temperature gas filter is connected to a Clean synthesis gas total pipeline; Thus, make that the screen pipe precoated shet in multiple filter operates, reverse gas cleaning operation and filter operation hocket, make whole high temperature air filtration form a continuous print close loop maneuver process.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, in the filter carrying out purge step, purged the gas pressure of pressure higher than dust-laden process gas total pipeline of the clean gas that intake line passes into by clean gas; Now, the entrapped air volume in this filter by dusty gas purge output pipe flow out and after converging with the gas of dust-laden process gas total pipeline together with enter in other filters.
From the above mentioned, the present invention adopts the mode of precoated shet, protective barrier is formed at screen pipe outer surface, average grain diameter near the first powder dust layer of screen pipe tube wall is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe, this the first powder dust layer porosity is large, and filtration resistance is low, and mobility of particle is good, easily peel off in blowback process, be conducive to improving ash-removal effect; The average grain diameter of the second powder dust layer is less than the micropore size of screen pipe, the intercepting efficiency to fine particle can be improved, increase the active force between the first powder dust layer particle simultaneously, improve cleaning efficiency while the filter efficiency that screen pipe can be made to remain higher, overcome the defect of screen pipe efficiency instability in prior art; Precoated shet can prevent the deposition of granule in screen pipe micropore, thus extends the service life of screen pipe.Moreover, the present invention is particularly useful for processing containing process gas such as larger dust, tar and the steam of toughness, precoated shet powder has good suction-operated to tar and condensate water, can deliquescence and stickum be adsorbed on precoated shet, prevent tar and condensate water from adhering to and penetrating in the micropore of screen pipe, the micro channel of blocking screen pipe, causes the permanent failure of screen pipe, thus ensures that the long-term stability of filter is run.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The following drawings is only intended to schematically illustrate the present invention and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1: be embodiment one structural representation of high temperature air filtration device of the present invention.
Fig. 2: be embodiment two structural representation of high temperature air filtration device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A: be screen pipe filtration condition schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 3 B: be I place structure for amplifying schematic diagram in Fig. 3 A.
Fig. 4 A: for adhering to the schematic diagram of cake layer outside screen pipe in the present invention.
Fig. 4 B: for screen pipe in the present invention carries out the schematic diagram of reverse gas cleaning.
Fig. 5: for screen pipe in prior art carries out the schematic diagram of reverse gas cleaning.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of high temperature air filtration device 200, described filter 200 comprises a high-temperature gas filter 100, the tube sheet 1 of described filter 100 is provided with multiple filter element 2 (illustrating for three filter elements in the present embodiment), described each filter element 2 comprises multiple screen pipe 21 (illustrating for a screen pipe in the present embodiment), and described screen pipe is sintered metal filtration pipe or ceramic filter tube; Filter 100 sealed separation is the clean gas chamber on top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom by described tube sheet 1, differential pressure transmitter 7 is provided with, for measuring the upper and lower differential pressure of filter tube sheet between the clean gas chamber on described top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom; Dusty gas chamber is provided with dusty gas entrance pipe 3, and be provided with the first valve 31 in this dusty gas entrance pipe 3, clean gas chamber is provided with clean gas export pipeline 4, is provided with the second valve 41 in this clean gas export pipeline 4; Each filter element 2 top is equipped with the blowback pipeline 5 corresponding with filter element, and each blowback pipeline is individually provided with pulse backblowing valve; A precoating powder intake line 6 is provided with at the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom, be provided with the first gas-heating apparatus 63 in this precoating powder intake line 6, be provided with the first powder carry pipeline 61 and the second powder carry pipeline 62 the first gas-heating apparatus 63 is in parallel with between filter; Described first powder carry pipeline 61 is contacted by the first powder feed device 611 and the 3rd valve 612 and is formed; Described second powder carry pipeline 62 is contacted by the second powder feed device 621 and the 4th valve 622 and is formed; In described first powder feed device 611, the Volume Median particle diameter (average grain diameter) of the first powder is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe 21; In described second powder feed device 621, the Volume Median particle diameter of the second powder is less than the micropore size of screen pipe 21.
The present invention also proposes a kind ofly to utilize above-mentioned high temperature air filtration device to carry out the filter method of high temperature air filtration, when above-mentioned high temperature air filtration device 200 starts or after reverse gas cleaning, successively by the first powder carry pipeline 61 and the second powder carry pipeline 62 at the outer surface precoating from the inside to the outside first powder dust layer 211 of screen pipe 21 and the second powder dust layer 212 (as shown in Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B), make screen pipe outer surface form the precoated shet with defencive function, and then normal filter operation is carried out to dust-laden process gas; During filtration, the dusty gas with impurity such as dust granules thing, tar and steam enters filter interior, and dust and tar etc. are delayed on the precoated shet on screen pipe surface, and purified gas enters subsequent technique; Along with dust gathering on screen pipe surface, cake layer progressive additive, the resistance also corresponding increase of filter, when resistance reaches certain value, adopt the mode of reverse gas cleaning, by precoated shet and detention, the impurity one such as the dust on precoated shet surface, tar clears up and falls.As shown in Figure 3 B, the dust granules 213 in dust-laden process gas is attached to described precoated shet outer surface; As shown in Fig. 4 A, 4B, when carrying out reverse gas cleaning, cake layer A one-tenth is block or sheet is overall comes off, and screen pipe 21 outer surface, almost without residual dust layer, improves the efficiency of reverse gas cleaning, greatly reduces the resistance of screen pipe.
From the above mentioned, the present invention adopts the mode of precoated shet, protective barrier is formed at screen pipe outer surface, average grain diameter near the first powder dust layer of screen pipe tube wall is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe, this the first powder dust layer porosity is large, and filtration resistance is low, and mobility of particle is good, easily peel off in blowback process, be conducive to improving ash-removal effect; The average grain diameter of the second powder dust layer is less than the micropore size of screen pipe, the intercepting efficiency to fine particle can be improved, increase the active force between the first powder dust layer particle simultaneously, improve cleaning efficiency while the filter efficiency that screen pipe can be made to remain higher, overcome the defect of screen pipe efficiency instability in prior art; Precoated shet can prevent the deposition of granule in screen pipe micropore, thus extends the service life of screen pipe.Moreover, the present invention is particularly useful for processing containing process gas such as larger dust, tar and the steam of toughness, precoated shet powder has good suction-operated to tar and condensate water, can deliquescence and stickum be adsorbed on precoated shet, prevent tar and condensate water from adhering to and penetrating in the micropore of screen pipe, the micro channel of blocking screen pipe, causes the permanent failure of screen pipe, thus ensures that the long-term stability of filter is run.
In the present embodiment, to reasonably select precoated shet powder, it is low that precoated shet powder should have viscosity, good fluidity, not with the feature of process gas generation chemical reaction, when being coated in screen pipe outer surface in advance simultaneously, the running resistance of not obvious increase screen pipe, and the feature with tar, steam and the caking property dust that can adsorb or absorb in dusty gas.In the present embodiment, described first powder select from alpha-alumina, talcum powder or white lime one of them; Described second powder select from flyash or three revolve catalyst granules (catalyst granules after catalytic cracking process third level cyclonic separation, its main component is alumina silicate) one of them.The chemical stability of these powders is better, most high temperature air filtration technique can be applicable to, and the wide material sources of powder, cheap, especially flyash and three revolves catalyst, the powder mainly in industrial production, and these two kinds of powders are taken as waste disposal usually, the present invention has exactly found to enable their using value to continue to play a role in this technical field.
In the present embodiment, at the first powder that the first precoating layer particle of screen pipe outer surface is larger, then then at outer surface first powder that precoating layer particle is less again of this first powder dust layer, after the first powder dust layer and the second powder dust layer form precoated shet jointly, filter operation is carried out again.The grain structure of the powder of precoated shet and particle diameter reasonably will mate with the micropore size of screen pipe, and this point is most important.When the grain diameter of the first powder dust layer of screen pipe outside wall surface is greater than 1.5 ~ 2 times of the micropore size of screen pipe, when the particle diameter of the second powder dust layer is 0.4 ~ 0.6 times of screen pipe micropore size, preferably effect can be obtained.Be 6 ~ 8 μm of explanations with the micropore size of screen pipe, now the preferred average grain diameter of the first powder dust layer is 12 ~ 15 μm of talcum powder (also can select alpha-alumina or white lime), the preferred median of second powder dust layer is the flyash (three also can be selected to revolve catalyst) of 3 ~ 5 μm, wherein, in the form of sheets, the particle diameter shape of the second powder is spherical or approximate sphericity to the particle diameter shape of the first powder.
Adopt above-mentioned two kinds of powders can play a very good protection to screen pipe, first be the talcum powder of 12 ~ 15 μm in the outer surface precoating layer average grain diameter of screen pipe, because talcum powder is the sheet-like particle that particle diameter is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe, the micropore that can not embed or deposit to screen pipe is inner, the precoating dust layer short texture formed, porosity is large, therefore the running resistance of the increase screen pipe that talcum powder precoated shet can not be excessive, the mobile performance of talcum powder is good, dust viscosity is low, the outside wall surface of screen pipe is not easily sticked in operating process, easily be stripped in blowback process, simultaneously at the outer surface of talcum powder precoated shet, continue precoating layer flyash coating, due to the less spherical particle of particle diameter that flyash is rule, in the process forming coating, fly ash grain can fill the larger space of the outer surface of talcum powder precoated shet, make both porositys of the common precoated shet formed more even, there are two benefits like this, one is to increase the intercepting efficiency to the fine particle in processed dusty gas, the micropore preventing fine particle from entering screen pipe causes the blocking of screen pipe micropore, two is increase the active force between talcum powder particles, the cohesive force making talcum powder mutual increases, during reverse gas cleaning, talcum powder can be in blocks the outer surface from screen pipe peel off, thus reduce talcum powder the remaining at screen pipe outer surface of precoated shet, thus add reverse gas cleaning efficiency, make the running resistance that screen pipe keeps lower always.Talcum powder and flyash have stronger adsorption capacity to tar and condensate water simultaneously; therefore in the operating process of filtering; the protective barrier that precoated shet is formed can prevent the strong material of the adhesions such as the tar in filter process and condensate water from penetrating into screen pipe inside; reduce the possibility of screen pipe blockage of the micro orifice, extend the service life of screen pipe.After precoated shet process, owing to defining one deck dust layer at screen pipe outer surface in advance, its filter efficiency and filtering accuracy are improved, and can reduce the adverse effect of fluctuation to steady production of operating pressure and temperature.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, described filter method comprises the following steps:
Step one: when high temperature air filtration device starts or after reverse gas cleaning, first opens the second valve 41, opens the 3rd valve 612 in the first powder carry pipeline 61 afterwards, and now, the first valve 31 and the 4th valve 622 are all in closed condition; Start the first powder feed device 611, the cleaning technology gas with pressure is passed in precoating powder intake line 6, this cleaning technology gas enters filter interior and carries out preheating and intensification to filter after the first gas-heating apparatus 63 heats up, the first powder simultaneously in the first powder feed device 611 passes into filter interior, under the effect of gas push power, first powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, forms the first powder dust layer 211 of precoating at the outer surface of screen pipe;
In this step one, the cleaning technology tolerance entering filter interior is regulated by the aperture controlling the 3rd valve 612, the apparent filtration gas speed of screen pipe is made to maintain 1 ~ 1.2m/min, when apparent filtration gas speed is too high, talcum powder precoated shet is easily compacted, precoated shet porosity is lower, increases running resistance, is unfavorable for subsequent operation; The change in pressure drop shown by differential pressure transmitter 7 controls the feeding quantity of the first powder, initial drop value before reinforced is P1, and when pressure drop ratio P1 increases by 300 ~ 500Pa, the pressure drop of tube sheet is designated as P2, now close the 3rd valve 612, stop passing into the first powder to filter interior.
Step 2: close the 3rd valve 612, open the 4th valve 622 simultaneously, start the second powder feed device 621, by the cleaning technology gas after the first gas-heating apparatus 63 heats up, the second powder in the second powder feed device is blown into filter interior, second powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, outside above-mentioned first powder dust layer 211, form the second powder dust layer 212 of precoating, described first powder dust layer 211 and the second powder dust layer 212 form the precoated shet with defencive function jointly; In this step 2, when pressure drop ratio P2 increases about 200 ~ 300Pa, close the 4th valve 622, stop passing into the second powder to filter interior.
Step 3: close the 4th valve 622, open the first valve 31 simultaneously, carry out normal filter operation.In this step 3, dust-laden enters filter 100 inside containing the process gas of tar, each screen pipe surface is arrived under the effect of gas push power, dust granules thing is delayed at the outer surface of the precoated shet of talcum powder and flyash formation, due to the effect of precoated shet, particle concentration in clean gas after filtration is lower, filter efficiency in whole filter operation process is in stable state, when change due to operating pressure and temperature causes separating out tar and condensed water in process gas, precoated shet can by above-mentioned impurity absorption, prevent tar and condensed water from entering in the micropore of screen pipe, cause the channel blockage of screen pipe.
Step 4: when the pressure drop of tube sheet is increased to a certain degree, carries out the operation of pulse backblowing deashing to needing the screen pipe carrying out quality rebuilding; Close the first valve 31, pulse backblowing valve in the blowback pipeline needing the filter element top correspondence at the screen pipe place of carrying out quality rebuilding to arrange is opened, reverse gas cleaning is carried out to the screen pipe in this filter element, purge gas enters into the inside of screen pipe along blowback pipeline, utilize the energy of transient state by the precoated shet of screen pipe outer surface and be attached to the dust on precoated shet surface, tar and condensate water etc. and form cake layer and peel off, cake layer falls into the ash bucket of filter, regularly removes.
Step 5: repeat step one ~ step 4.
In the present embodiment, if step one is carried out after high temperature air filtration device just starts, dusty gas is not also had to be detained due in now filter 100, before the first powder dust layer 211 described in precoating, the outer surface of screen pipe does not have the dust granules attachment of dusty gas, therefore, the precoating operation of the first powder dust layer 211 can directly be carried out.
But, if step one is carried out after high temperature air filtration device reverse gas cleaning, dusty gas is had to be detained due in now filter 100, before the first powder dust layer 211 described in precoating, need increase by that the delay dusty gas in the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom is cleared out of the purge step of filter; Thus, need that clean gas is set at the dusty gas chamber of filter 100 bottom and purge intake line 8 and dusty gas purging output pipe 9; As shown in Figure 1, described clean gas purging intake line 8 is contacted by the second gas-heating apparatus 82 and the 5th valve 81 and is formed; Described dusty gas purges output pipe 9 and is made up of the 6th valve 91.When carrying out the operation of described purge step, the 6th valve 91 purged by clean gas in the second gas-heating apparatus 82 in intake line, the 5th valve 81 and dusty gas purging output pipe 9 is opened, now, first valve the 31 ~ four valve 622 is closed, purge intake line 8 by clean gas in filter 100, pass into clean gas that there is pressure, that heat, the delay dusty gas in filter 100 is purged output pipe 9 by dusty gas and blows out.Described purge time can set according to actual conditions, and being generally about 5 ~ 8min can reach requirement.The operation of step one is carried out again after having purged.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) mode of two-stage precoated shet is adopted, one deck protective barrier is formed at screen pipe outer surface, porosity near the talcum powder coating of screen pipe tube wall is large, filtration resistance is low, mobility of particle is good, easily peel off in blowback process, be conducive to improving ash-removal effect, secondary precoated shet can improve the intercepting efficiency to fine particle, increase the active force between ground floor coating granule simultaneously, improve cleaning efficiency while the filter efficiency that screen pipe can be made to remain higher, overcome the defect of screen pipe efficiency instability in prior art; Precoated shet can prevent the deposition of granule in screen pipe micropore, thus extends the service life of screen pipe.
(2) this precoated shet process is particularly useful for processing containing process gas such as larger dust, tar and the steam of toughness, precoated shet powder has good suction-operated to tar and condensate water, prevent tar and condensate water from adhering to and penetrating in the micropore of screen pipe, the micro channel of blocking screen pipe, causes the permanent failure of screen pipe.
(3) precoated shet powder wide material sources, cheap.
Embodiment two
Structure, the principle of the present embodiment and embodiment one are substantially identical, and its difference is, as shown in Figure 2, described filter 200 is made up of the parallel connection of multiple high-temperature gas filter 100, gives the example be made up of the parallel connection of two high-temperature gas filters 100 in Fig. 2; The outer end that outer end and the dusty gas of the dusty gas entrance pipe 3 of described two high-temperature gas filters 100 purge output pipe 9 is communicated with, and is connected to a dust-laden process gas total pipeline 0; The clean gas export pipeline 4 of described two high-temperature gas filters 100 is connected to a Clean synthesis gas total pipeline P, and the cleaning technology gas after purification enters subsequent treatment process after convergeing to total pipeline P.Thus, make that the screen pipe precoated shet in two filters 100 operates, reverse gas cleaning operation and filter operation controlled alternate carry out, make whole high temperature air filtration form a continuous print close loop maneuver process.Such as: when a filter 100 is in purge step, another filter 100 is still in filtration condition; Now, by the dusty gas purged out in this filter 100, the inside of this another filter 100 is entered by the dusty gas entrance pipe 3 of another filter 100.
In this structure, in the filter carrying out purge step, the pressure being purged the clean gas that intake line 8 passes into by clean gas should higher than the gas pressure of dust-laden process gas total pipeline 0; Thus, make the entrapped air volume in this filter by dusty gas purge output pipe 9 flow out and after converging with the gas of dust-laden process gas total pipeline 0 together with enter in another filter.
In the present embodiment, high temperature air filtration technique is operated in parallel by two high-temperature gas filters 100, and technological process is simple, and whole operating process is continuous.
Other effects of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment one, do not repeat them here.
The foregoing is only the schematic detailed description of the invention of the present invention, and be not used to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, equivalent variations done under the prerequisite not departing from design of the present invention and principle and amendment, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. the filter method utilizing high temperature air filtration device to carry out high temperature air filtration, described filter at least comprises a high-temperature gas filter, the tube sheet of described filter is provided with multiple filter element, at least comprises a screen pipe in described each filter element; Filter seal is divided into the clean gas chamber on top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom by described tube sheet, dusty gas chamber is provided with dusty gas entrance pipe, the first valve is provided with in this dusty gas entrance pipe, clean gas chamber is provided with clean gas export pipeline, is provided with the second valve in this clean gas export pipeline; Each filter element top is equipped with the blowback pipeline corresponding with filter element; A precoating powder intake line is provided with at the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom, be provided with the first gas-heating apparatus in this precoating powder intake line, be provided with the first powder carry pipeline and the second powder carry pipeline the first gas-heating apparatus is in parallel with between filter; Described first powder carry pipeline is contacted by the first powder feed device and the 3rd valve and is formed; Described second powder carry pipeline is contacted by the second powder feed device and the 4th valve and is formed; Described screen pipe is sintered metal filtration pipe or ceramic filter tube; In described first powder feed device, the Volume Median particle diameter of the first powder is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe; In described second powder feed device, the Volume Median particle diameter of the second powder is less than the micropore size of screen pipe;
When high temperature air filtration device starts or after reverse gas cleaning; successively by the first powder carry pipeline and the second powder carry pipeline at the outer surface precoating from the inside to the outside first powder dust layer of screen pipe and the second powder dust layer; make screen pipe outer surface form the precoated shet with defencive function, and then filter operation is carried out to dust-laden process gas.
2. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described filter method comprises the following steps:
(1) when high temperature air filtration device starts or after reverse gas cleaning, first open the second valve, open the 3rd valve in the first powder carry pipeline afterwards, the first valve and the 4th valve are all in closed condition; Start the first powder feed device, the cleaning technology gas with pressure is passed in precoating powder intake line, this cleaning technology gas enters filter interior and carries out preheating and intensification to filter after the first gas-heating apparatus heats up, the first powder simultaneously in the first powder feed device passes into filter interior, under the effect of gas push power, first powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, forms the first powder dust layer of precoating at the outer surface of screen pipe;
(2) the 3rd valve is closed, open the 4th valve simultaneously, start the second powder feed device, by the cleaning technology gas after the first gas-heating apparatus heats up, the second powder in the second powder feed device is blown into filter interior, second powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, outside above-mentioned first powder dust layer, form the second powder dust layer of precoating, described first powder dust layer and the second powder dust layer form the precoated shet with defencive function jointly;
(3) close the 4th valve, open the first valve simultaneously, carry out normal filter operation;
(4) to needing the screen pipe carrying out quality rebuilding to carry out the operation of pulse backblowing deashing;
(5) step (1) ~ step (4) is repeated.
3. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: be also provided with clean gas at the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom and purge intake line and dusty gas purging output pipe; Described clean gas purges intake line and is made up of the second gas-heating apparatus and the 5th valve series winding; Described dusty gas purges output pipe and is made up of the 6th valve; Differential pressure transmitter is provided with between the clean gas chamber on described top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom.
4. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: in step (1), the aperture controlling the 3rd valve regulates the cleaning technology tolerance entering filter interior, makes the apparent filtration gas speed of screen pipe maintain 1 ~ 1.2m/min; The change in pressure drop shown by differential pressure transmitter controls the feeding quantity of the first powder, and the initial drop value before reinforced is P1, and when pressure drop ratio P1 increases by 300 ~ 500Pa, pressure drop is designated as P2, closes the 3rd valve, stops passing into the first powder to filter interior.
5. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: in step (2), when pressure drop ratio P2 increases about 200 ~ 300Pa, closes the 4th valve, stops passing into the second powder to filter interior.
6. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: in step (4), pulse backblowing valve in the blowback pipeline needing the filter element top correspondence at the screen pipe place of carrying out quality rebuilding to arrange is opened, reverse gas cleaning is carried out to the screen pipe in this filter element, purge gas utilizes the energy of transient state by the precoated shet of screen pipe outer surface and is attached to the cake layer that the dust on precoated shet surface, tar and condensate water formed and peels off, and the ash bucket that cake layer falls into filter regularly removes.
7. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: step (1) is carried out after reverse gas cleaning, before step (1), the delay dusty gas in the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom is cleared out of the purge step of filter by increase by; Described purge step is, clean gas is purged the 6th valve opening in the second gas-heating apparatus in intake line, the 5th valve and dusty gas purging output pipe, first valve ~ the 4th valve closing, purge intake line by clean gas in filter, pass into clean gas that there is pressure, that heat, the entrapped air volume in filter is purged output pipe by dusty gas and blows out.
8. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the purge time of described purge step is set as 5 ~ 8min according to actual conditions.
9. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: multiple high-temperature gas filter is in parallel; The outer end that the outer end of the dusty gas entrance pipe of each high-temperature gas filter and dusty gas purge output pipe is communicated with, and is connected to a dust-laden process gas total pipeline; The clean gas export pipeline of each high-temperature gas filter is connected to a Clean synthesis gas total pipeline; Thus, make that the screen pipe precoated shet in multiple filter operates, reverse gas cleaning operation and filter operation hocket, make whole high temperature air filtration form a continuous print close loop maneuver process.
10. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: in the filter carrying out purge step, is purged the gas pressure of pressure higher than dust-laden process gas total pipeline of the clean gas that intake line passes into by clean gas; Now, the entrapped air volume in this filter by dusty gas purge output pipe flow out and after converging with the gas of dust-laden process gas total pipeline together with enter in other filters.
11. high temperature air filtration methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the Volume Median particle diameter of described first powder is 1.5 ~ 2 times of screen pipe micropore size; Described second powder Volume Median particle diameter is 0.4 ~ 0.6 times of screen pipe micropore.
12. high temperature air filtration methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the form of sheets, the particle diameter shape of described second powder is spherical to the particle diameter shape of described first powder.
13. high temperature air filtration methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described first powder select from alpha-alumina, talcum powder or white lime one of them; Described second powder select from flyash or three revolve catalyst granules one of them.
14. high temperature air filtration methods as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described filter is made up of multiple high-temperature gas filter parallel connection; The outer end that outer end and the dusty gas of the dusty gas entrance pipe of each high-temperature gas filter described purge output pipe is communicated with, and is connected to a dust-laden process gas total pipeline; The clean gas export pipeline of each high-temperature gas filter described is connected to a Clean synthesis gas total pipeline.
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