CN103341294A - High-temperature gas filter device and method - Google Patents
High-temperature gas filter device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103341294A CN103341294A CN2013102584830A CN201310258483A CN103341294A CN 103341294 A CN103341294 A CN 103341294A CN 2013102584830 A CN2013102584830 A CN 2013102584830A CN 201310258483 A CN201310258483 A CN 201310258483A CN 103341294 A CN103341294 A CN 103341294A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature gas filter device and method. When the high-temperature gas filter device is started or blows back for ash removal, a first powder dust layer and a second powder dust layer are sequentially pre-coated on the outer surface of a filter pipe from inside to outside through a first powder conveying pipeline and a second powder conveying pipeline so as to form a pre-coating layer with a protection function on the outer surface of the filter pipe, and then dust-containing process gas is filtered. The filtration efficiency of the filter pipe can be improved, deposition of dust particles in micro-pores of the filter pipe is reduced, the back-blow ash removal efficiency is improved, the filter pipe keeps low operation resistance all the time, and the service life of the filter pipe is prolonged. The device and the method are applied to handling of the working condition that the process gas contains viscous dust, tar and water vapor, a protection layer can be formed on the surface of the filter pipe, air-slaked and viscous matters are absorbed to the pre-coated dust layers, and the micro-pores of the filter pipe are protected from being blocked by the viscous dust, the tar and the like, so that a filter can steadily operate for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to high temperature gas-solid isolation technics, relate in particular to and a kind ofly be applicable to that the dust granules thing viscosity in the dust-laden process gas is big, association simultaneously has high temperature air filtration device and the filter method thereof of complex working conditions such as tar and steam.
Background technology
In industries such as chemical industry, oil, metallurgy, electric power, often produce high temperature dust gas; Because different process need recover energy and reach environmental emission standard, all needs these high temperature dust gas is carried out dedusting.Gas cleaning at high temperature is directly to carry out gas solid separation under the hot conditions, realizes a technology of gas purification, and it can farthest utilize the physics sensible heat of gas, potential chemical heat and kinetic force, improve energy utilization rate, simplify technical process simultaneously, save equipment investment.
The high temperature air filtration technology is acknowledged as the most potential high temperature gas-solid isolation technics.The capital equipment of high temperature air filtration technology is high-temperature gas filter, rigid filter pipe intensity height such as sintered metal filtration pipe wherein or ceramic filter tube, and resistance to elevated temperatures is good, can operate under the worst hot case more than 600 ℃ usually; The filtering accuracy height can be removed the above dust granules thing of 5 μ m usually, and the gas dust content after the filtration is less than 5mg/Nm
3, separative efficiency reaches 99.9%.Satisfy the subsequent technique requirement.The rigid filter pipe of these two kinds of forms has in the high temperature air filtration technology widely to be used.
The sintered metal filtration pipe or the ceramic filter tube that use in the prior art mostly are cylindric, the end sealing of screen pipe, and other end opening, openend is provided with flange, is used for hanging on the tube sheet that is fixed on filter; The body of screen pipe is poromerics, and the dust granules thing during filtration in the dusty gas is intercepted at the outer surface of screen pipe, and purified gas enters subsequent technique through the porous channel of poromerics.
In the filter operation process, the dust granules thing builds up in the outside wall surface of screen pipe, forms cake layer, along with the thickness of cake layer increases gradually, the resistance of screen pipe also increases thereupon, when resistance reaches certain value, adopts the mode of pulse backblowing that screen pipe is carried out deashing usually.The gas flow direction of pulse backblowing is opposite with filtered airflow, purge gas is entered into the inside of screen pipe by the openend of screen pipe, utilize the energy of transient state that the muffin layer of screen pipe outer surface is peeled off, make the resistance of screen pipe return to original state basically, thereby realize the quality rebuilding of screen pipe.
In high temperature air filtration technology, the common more complicated of the composition of dusty gas, there are the following problems when adopting existing high-temperature gas filter and filter method thereof to handle the dust-laden process gas:
(1) the filter efficiency instability of screen pipe in the operating process.
The filter efficiency of screen pipe behind initial launch stage and reverse gas cleaning is lower, have only the screen pipe outside wall surface to form certain thickness cake layer after, its filter efficiency just increases, therefore, the filter efficiency in whole filter operation process is unsettled.
The micropore size size of screen pipe will with processed dust-laden process gas in dust granules thing particle diameter be complementary, in the operation of reality, the particle size range of the dust granules thing in the dusty gas is wider, the micropore size of screen pipe is only roughly suitable with the average grain diameter of dust granules thing usually, thereby takes into account running resistance and the filter efficiency of screen pipe.When the aperture of filtering micropore was big usually, the resistance of screen pipe was relatively low, and the operation energy consumption of filter is little, but filter efficiency is also lower; The aperture of filtering micropore hour, the resistance of screen pipe is higher, and the operation energy consumption of filter is bigger, but can obtain high filtration efficiency.In the filter operation process, the cake layer that the outer wall of screen pipe forms has positive role to interception fine dusts particle and raising filter efficiency; But like this with regard to problem of inevitable existence, a period of time behind initial operation phase and reverse gas cleaning, the screen pipe outside wall surface does not form cake layer as yet, when filtering micropore allows gas to pass through, also can make particle less than micropore pass the process gas after screen pipe enters purification, make that the filter efficiency of screen pipe is lower, cause the dust content in the clean gas too high, influence subsequent technique production.
(2) the fine dusts particle micro channel inside that is deposited on screen pipe causes the resistance of screen pipe constantly to increase, and reduces the service life of screen pipe.
Because the micropore of screen pipe is irregular labyrinth passage, therefore, less than the dust granules thing of screen pipe micropore size easily in the process of filtering, embed and be deposited on the inside of filtering micropore, the dust granules that is deposited in the screen pipe can not be removed during reverse gas cleaning, stop up filtration channel, make the resistance of screen pipe constantly increase, reduce the service life of screen pipe.
(3) the dust granules thing viscosity in the dust-laden process gas is big, and association is when having material such as tar and steam, and the operation easier of high temperature air filtration increases; Materials such as the tar in the dusty gas, steam have serious harm to the operation of screen pipe, interact with the dust granules thing, when sticking to the screen pipe surface, increase the difficulty of reverse gas cleaning, even can stop up the micro channel of screen pipe, cause the screen pipe premature failure.As shown in Figure 5, be the schematic diagram that filter cake is peeled off during reverse gas cleaning in the prior art, the cake layer A ' of screen pipe 21 ' outer surface is fine grained chippings to come off, and the outer surface of screen pipe still has thicker remaining dust layer B ' behind the reverse gas cleaning, has increased the resistance of screen pipe.
Above-mentioned phenomenon is particularly evident in the driving of filter operation and docking process, because the operating temperature of driving and docking process and pressure change greatly, tar and water vapor condensation are separated out, in a single day tar and condensed water are attached to the outside wall surface of screen pipe, penetrate into the micropore inside of screen pipe easily, cause the permanent obstruction of screen pipe micropore, the performance of screen pipe is non-renewable; At the normal operating phase of filter, when the working conditions change such as temperature and pressure of process gas rise and fall, also cause tar and water vapor condensation in the process gas to be separated out easily, therefore, the situation of screen pipe premature failure happens occasionally in the prior art.
Thus, the inventor relies on experience and the practice of being engaged in relevant industries for many years, be primarily aimed at the complex working condition that contains caking property dust, tar and steam in the process gas, propose a kind of high temperature air filtration device and filter method thereof, to overcome the defective of prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high temperature air filtration device and filter method thereof, to improve the filter efficiency of screen pipe, reducing dust granules simultaneously deposits in the screen pipe micropore, improve reverse gas cleaning efficient, make screen pipe keep lower running resistance always, prolong the service life of screen pipe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high temperature air filtration device and filter method thereof; for the treatment of the operating mode that contains sticky dust, tar and steam in the process gas; can form layer protective layer at the outer surface of screen pipe; deliquescence and stickum are adsorbed on the precoating dust layer; avoid sticky dust, tar etc. to the obstruction of filtering micropore with the protection screen pipe, thereby guarantee the long-term stability operation of filter.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and a kind of high temperature air filtration device, described filter comprise a high-temperature gas filter at least, and the tube sheet of described filter is provided with a plurality of filter elements, comprises a screen pipe in described each filter element at least; Described tube sheet is the clean gas chamber on top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom with the filter sealed separation, the dusty gas chamber is provided with the dusty gas entrance pipe, be provided with first valve in this dusty gas entrance pipe, the clean gas chamber is provided with the clean gas export pipeline, is provided with second valve in this clean gas export pipeline; Each filter element top is equipped with the blowback pipeline corresponding with filter element; Dusty gas chamber in the filter bottom is provided with a precoating powder intake line, be provided with first gas-heating apparatus in this precoating powder intake line, the first powder delivering pipe road and the second powder delivering pipe road of being provided with in parallel between first gas-heating apparatus and filter; The described first powder delivering pipe road is made of the first powder feed device and the 3rd valve polyphone; The described second powder delivering pipe road is made of the second powder feed device and the 4th valve polyphone.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, the dusty gas chamber in the filter bottom also is provided with clean gas and purges intake line and dusty gas purging output pipe; Described clean gas purges intake line and is made of second gas-heating apparatus and the 5th valve polyphone; Described dusty gas purges output pipe and is made of the 6th valve.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, described screen pipe is sintered metal filtration pipe or ceramic filter tube; The volume meta particle diameter of first powder is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe in the described first powder feed device; The volume meta particle diameter of second powder is less than the micropore size of screen pipe in the described second powder feed device.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, the volume meta particle diameter of described first powder is 1.5～2 times of screen pipe micropore size; The described second powder volume meta particle diameter is 0.4～0.6 times of screen pipe micropore.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, the particle diameter shape of described first powder in the form of sheets, the particle diameter shape of described second powder is spherical.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, described first powder select from alpha-alumina, talcum powder or white lime one of them; Described second powder select from flyash or three revolve catalyst granules one of them.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, be provided with differential pressure transmitter between the clean gas chamber on described top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, described filter is made of a plurality of high-temperature gas filter parallel connections; The outer end of the dusty gas entrance pipe of described each high-temperature gas filter is communicated with the outer end that dusty gas purges output pipe, and is connected in a dust-laden process gas total pipeline; The clean gas export pipeline of described each high-temperature gas filter is connected in a clean synthesis gas total pipeline.
Purpose of the present invention can also realize like this; a kind ofly utilize above-mentioned high temperature air filtration device to carry out the filter method of high temperature air filtration; when the high temperature air filtration device starts or behind the reverse gas cleaning; successively pass through the first powder delivering pipe road and the second powder delivering pipe road at the outer surface precoating from the inside to the outside first powder dust layer and the second powder dust layer of screen pipe; make the screen pipe outer surface form the precoated shet with defencive function, and then the dust-laden process gas is carried out filter operation.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, described filter method may further comprise the steps:
(1) when the high temperature air filtration device starts or behind the reverse gas cleaning, at first open second valve, open the 3rd valve in the first powder delivering pipe road afterwards, first valve and the 4th valve all are in closed condition; Start the first powder feed device, in precoating powder intake line, feed the cleaning technology gas with pressure, enter filter interior after this cleaning technology gas heats up through first gas-heating apparatus filter is carried out preheating and intensification, first powder in the first powder feed device feeds filter interior simultaneously, under the effect of gas motive force, first powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, forms the first powder dust layer of precoating at the outer surface of screen pipe;
(2) close the 3rd valve, open the 4th valve simultaneously, start the second powder feed device, by the cleaning technology gas after the intensification of first gas-heating apparatus second powder in the second powder feed device is blown into filter interior, second powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, form the second powder dust layer of precoating in the above-mentioned first powder dust layer outside, the common precoated shet with defencive function that forms of the described first powder dust layer and the second powder dust layer;
(3) close the 4th valve, open first valve simultaneously, carry out normal filter operation;
(4) screen pipe that needs are carried out quality rebuilding carries out the operation of pulse backblowing deashing;
(5) repeating step (1)～step (4).
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step (1), control the aperture of the 3rd valve and regulate the cleaning technology tolerance that enters filter interior, make the apparent filtration gas speed of screen pipe maintain 1～1.2m/min; The change in pressure drop that shows by differential pressure transmitter is controlled the feeding quantity of first powder, and the initial drop value before reinforced is P1, and when pressure drop ratio P1 increased by 300～500Pa, pressure drop was designated as P2, closes the 3rd valve, stops to feed first powder to filter interior.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), when pressure drop ratio P2 increases about 200～300Pa, close the 4th valve, stop to feed second powder to filter interior.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step (4), needs are carried out the pulse backblowing opening of valves in the corresponding blowback pipeline that arranges in filter element top at screen pipe place of quality rebuilding, screen pipe in this filter element is carried out reverse gas cleaning, the energy that purge gas utilizes transient state is with the precoated shet of screen pipe outer surface and be attached to the cake layer that dust, tar and the condensate water on precoated shet surface form and peel off, and the ash bucket that cake layer falls into filter regularly removes.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, if step (1) is carried out behind reverse gas cleaning, then increase by one before in step (1) the delay dusty gas in the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom cleared out of the purge step of filter; Described purge step is, clean gas is purged second gas-heating apparatus in the intake line, the 5th valve and dusty gas purge the 6th valve opening in the output pipe, first valve～the 4th valve closing, purge intake line by clean gas and feed in the filter and have clean gas pressure, heating, the delay gas in the filter is purged output pipe by dusty gas blow out.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, the purge time of described purge step is set at 5～8min according to actual conditions.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, with a plurality of high-temperature gas filter parallel connections; The outer end of the dusty gas entrance pipe of each high-temperature gas filter is communicated with the outer end that dusty gas purges output pipe, and is connected in a dust-laden process gas total pipeline; The clean gas export pipeline of each high-temperature gas filter is connected in a clean synthesis gas total pipeline; Thus, the operation of screen pipe precoated shet, reverse gas cleaning operation and filter operation in a plurality of filters are hocketed, make whole high temperature air filtration form a continuous close loop maneuver process.
In a preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the filter that carries out purge step, the pressure that purges the clean gas that intake line feeds by clean gas is higher than the gas pressure of dust-laden process gas total pipeline; At this moment, the delay gas in this filter purges by dusty gas that output pipe flows out and enters in other filters after the gas of dust-laden process gas total pipeline converges.
From the above mentioned, the present invention adopts the mode of precoated shet, form the protection barrier at the screen pipe outer surface, the average grain diameter of the first powder dust layer of close screen pipe tube wall is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe, this first powder dust layer porosity is big, and filtration resistance is low, and mobility of particle is good, in the blowback process, peel off easily, be conducive to improve ash-removal effect; The average grain diameter of the second powder dust layer is less than the micropore size of screen pipe, can improve the interception efficient to fine particle, increase the active force between the first powder dust layer particle simultaneously, improve cleaning efficiency when can make screen pipe keep high filtration efficiency, overcome the unsettled defective of screen pipe efficient in the prior art; Precoated shet can prevent the deposition of granule in the screen pipe micropore, thereby prolongs the service life of screen pipe.Moreover, the present invention is particularly useful for handling and contains process gas such as the bigger dust of toughness, tar and steam, the precoated shet powder has suction-operated preferably to tar and condensate water, deliquescence and stickum can be adsorbed on the precoated shet, prevent that tar and condensate water from adhering to and penetrating in the micropore of screen pipe, stop up the micro channel of screen pipe, cause the permanent failure of screen pipe, thereby guarantee the long-term stability operation of filter.
Description of drawings
The following drawings only is intended to the present invention done and schematically illustrates and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1: be embodiment one structural representation of high temperature air filtration device of the present invention.
Fig. 2: be embodiment two structural representations of high temperature air filtration device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A: for screen pipe among the present invention filters view.
Fig. 3 B: be I place structure for amplifying schematic diagram among Fig. 3 A.
Fig. 4 A: for adhering to the schematic diagram of cake layer in the screen pipe outside among the present invention.
Fig. 4 B: the schematic diagram that carries out reverse gas cleaning for screen pipe among the present invention.
Fig. 5: the schematic diagram that carries out reverse gas cleaning for screen pipe in the prior art.
The specific embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and effect being had more clearly, now contrast description of drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of high temperature air filtration device 200, described filter 200 comprises a high-temperature gas filter 100, the tube sheet 1 of described filter 100 is provided with a plurality of filter elements 2 (in the present embodiment be example explanation with three filter elements), comprise a plurality of screen pipes 21 (in the present embodiment be example explanation with a screen pipe) in described each filter element 2, described screen pipe is sintered metal filtration pipe or ceramic filter tube; Described tube sheet 1 is the clean gas chamber on top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom with filter 100 sealed separation, be provided with differential pressure transmitter 7 between the clean gas chamber on described top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom, be used for measuring filter tube sheet differential pressure up and down; The dusty gas chamber is provided with dusty gas entrance pipe 3, is provided with first valve 31 in this dusty gas entrance pipe 3, and the clean gas chamber is provided with clean gas export pipeline 4, is provided with second valve 41 in this clean gas export pipeline 4; Each filter element 2 top is equipped with the blowback pipeline 5 corresponding with filter element, is provided with the pulse backblowing valve on each blowback pipeline respectively separately; Dusty gas chamber in the filter bottom is provided with a precoating powder intake line 6, be provided with first gas-heating apparatus 63 in this precoating powder intake line 6, the first powder delivering pipe road 61 and the second powder delivering pipe road 62 of being provided with in parallel between first gas-heating apparatus 63 and filter; The described first powder delivering pipe road 61 is made of the first powder feed device 611 and the 3rd valve 612 polyphones; The described second powder delivering pipe road 62 is made of the second powder feed device 621 and the 4th valve 622 polyphones; The volume meta particle diameter (average grain diameter) of first powder is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe 21 in the described first powder feed device 611; The volume meta particle diameter of second powder is less than the micropore size of screen pipe 21 in the described second powder feed device 621.
The present invention also proposes a kind ofly to utilize above-mentioned high temperature air filtration device to carry out the filter method of high temperature air filtration, when above-mentioned high temperature air filtration device 200 starts or after reverse gas cleaning, successively pass through the first powder delivering pipe road 61 and the second powder delivering pipe road 62 at the outer surface precoating from the inside to the outside first powder dust layer 211 and the second powder dust layer 212 (shown in Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B) of screen pipe 21, make the screen pipe outer surface form the precoated shet with defencive function, and then the dust-laden process gas is carried out normal filter operation; During filtration, the dusty gas that has impurity such as dust granules thing, tar and steam enters filter interior, and dust and tar etc. is delayed on the precoated shet on screen pipe surface, and purified gas enters subsequent technique; Along with dust the gathering of screen pipe surface, the cake layer progressive additive, the resistance of filter is corresponding increase also, when resistance reaches certain value, adopts the mode of reverse gas cleaning, and precoated shet and detention are fallen clearly together at impurity such as the dust on precoated shet surface, tar.Shown in Fig. 3 B, the dust granules 213 in the dust-laden process gas is attached to described precoated shet outer surface; Shown in Fig. 4 A, 4B, when carrying out reverse gas cleaning, cake layer A becomes bulk or sheet integral body to come off, and screen pipe 21 outer surfaces almost do not have remaining dust layer, have improved the efficient of reverse gas cleaning, reduce the resistance of screen pipe greatly.
From the above mentioned, the present invention adopts the mode of precoated shet, form the protection barrier at the screen pipe outer surface, the average grain diameter of the first powder dust layer of close screen pipe tube wall is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe, this first powder dust layer porosity is big, and filtration resistance is low, and mobility of particle is good, in the blowback process, peel off easily, be conducive to improve ash-removal effect; The average grain diameter of the second powder dust layer is less than the micropore size of screen pipe, can improve the interception efficient to fine particle, increase the active force between the first powder dust layer particle simultaneously, improve cleaning efficiency when can make screen pipe keep high filtration efficiency, overcome the unsettled defective of screen pipe efficient in the prior art; Precoated shet can prevent the deposition of granule in the screen pipe micropore, thereby prolongs the service life of screen pipe.Moreover, the present invention is particularly useful for handling and contains process gas such as the bigger dust of toughness, tar and steam, the precoated shet powder has suction-operated preferably to tar and condensate water, deliquescence and stickum can be adsorbed on the precoated shet, prevent that tar and condensate water from adhering to and penetrating in the micropore of screen pipe, stop up the micro channel of screen pipe, cause the permanent failure of screen pipe, thereby guarantee the long-term stability operation of filter.
In the present embodiment, to reasonably select the precoated shet powder, it is low that the precoated shet powder should have viscosity, good fluidity, not with the characteristics of process gas generation chemical reaction, when being coated in the screen pipe outer surface in advance simultaneously, the running resistance of not obvious increase screen pipe, and have tar, steam and the caking property characteristics of dust that can adsorb or absorb in the dusty gas.In the present embodiment, described first powder select from alpha-alumina, talcum powder or white lime one of them; Described second powder select from flyash or three revolve catalyst granules (catalyst granules after the catalytic cracking process third level cyclonic separation, its main component is alumina silicate) one of them.The chemical stability of these powders is better, can be applicable to most high temperature air filtration technology, and the wide material sources of powder, cheap, especially flyash and three revolves catalyst, mainly is the powder in the industrial production, and these two kinds of powders are taken as waste disposal usually, the present invention has exactly found their using value, enables to continue to play a role in this technical field.
In the present embodiment, at the first bigger powder of screen pipe outer surface elder generation's precoating layer particle, then at the outer surface of this first powder dust layer first less powder of precoating layer particle again, the first powder dust layer and the second powder dust layer carry out filter operation after forming precoated shet jointly more then.The grain structure of the powder of precoated shet and particle diameter will reasonably mate with the micropore size of screen pipe, and this point is most important.Be greater than 1.5～2 times of micropore size of screen pipe when the grain diameter of the first powder dust layer of screen pipe outside wall surface, when the particle diameter of the second powder dust layer is 0.4～0.6 times of screen pipe micropore size, can obtain preferable effect.Micropore size with screen pipe is 6～8 μ m explanations, the preferred average grain diameter of first powder dust layer this moment is 12～15 μ m talcum powder (also can select alpha-alumina or white lime), the flyash that the preferred meta particle diameter of the second powder dust layer is 3～5 μ m (also can select three revolve catalyst), wherein, the particle diameter shape of first powder in the form of sheets, it is spherical or approximate spherical that the particle diameter shape of second powder is.
Adopt above-mentioned two kinds of powders to play a very good protection to screen pipe, at first the outer surface precoating layer average grain diameter at screen pipe is the talcum powder of 12～15 μ m, because the talcum powder is that particle diameter is greater than the sheet-like particle of the micropore size of screen pipe, can not embed or deposit to the micropore inside of screen pipe, the precoating dust layer short texture that forms, porosity is big, therefore the running resistance of the increase screen pipe that the talcum powder precoated shet can be not excessive, the mobile performance of talcum powder is good, dust viscosity is low, be difficult for sticking to the outside wall surface of screen pipe in the operating process, in the blowback process, be stripped from easily; While is at the outer surface of talcum powder precoated shet; continue precoating layer flyash coating; because flyash is the less spherical particle of particle diameter of rule; in the process that forms coating; fly ash grain can be filled the bigger space of outer surface of talcum powder precoated shet; make that both porositys of the common precoated shet that forms are more even; two benefits are arranged like this; the one, can increase the interception efficient to the fine particle in the processed dusty gas; prevent that micropore that fine particle enters screen pipe from causing the obstruction of screen pipe micropore; the 2nd, increase the active force between the talcum powder particle; make the mutual cohesive force of talcum powder increase; during reverse gas cleaning; the talcum powder can be in blocks the outer surface from screen pipe peel off; thereby the talcum powder of minimizing precoated shet is residual the screen pipe outer surface, thereby has increased reverse gas cleaning efficient, makes screen pipe keep lower running resistance always.Talcum powder and flyash have stronger adsorption capacity to tar and condensate water simultaneously; therefore in the operating process of filtering; the protection barrier that precoated shet forms can prevent that the strong materials of adhesion such as tar in the filter process and condensate water from penetrating into screen pipe inside; reduce screen pipe micropore possibility of jamming, prolonged the service life of screen pipe.After the precoated shet processing, owing to formed one deck dust layer at the screen pipe outer surface in advance, its filter efficiency and filtering accuracy are improved, and can reduce the fluctuation of operating pressure and temperature to the adverse effect of steady production.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, described filter method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: when the high temperature air filtration device starts or behind the reverse gas cleaning, at first open second valve 41, open the 3rd valve 612 in the first powder delivering pipe road 61 afterwards, at this moment, first valve 31 and the 4th valve 622 all are in closed condition; Start the first powder feed device 611, in precoating powder intake line 6, feed the cleaning technology gas with pressure, enter filter interior after this cleaning technology gas heats up through first gas-heating apparatus 63 filter is carried out preheating and intensification, first powder in the first powder feed device 611 feeds filter interior simultaneously, under the effect of gas motive force, first powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, forms the first powder dust layer 211 of precoating at the outer surface of screen pipe;
In this step 1, regulate the cleaning technology tolerance that enters filter interior by the aperture of controlling the 3rd valve 612, make the apparent filtration gas speed of screen pipe maintain 1～1.2m/min, when apparent filtration gas speed is too high, the talcum powder precoated shet is compacted easily, the precoated shet porosity is lower, increases running resistance, is unfavorable for subsequent operation; Control the feeding quantity of first powder by the change in pressure drop of differential pressure transmitter 7 demonstrations, initial drop value before reinforced is P1, and when pressure drop ratio P1 increased by 300～500Pa, the pressure drop of tube sheet was designated as P2, close the 3rd valve 612 this moment, stops to feed first powder to filter interior.
Step 2: close the 3rd valve 612, open the 4th valve 622 simultaneously, start the second powder feed device 621, by the cleaning technology gas after 63 intensifications of first gas-heating apparatus second powder in the second powder feed device is blown into filter interior, second powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, form the second powder dust layer 212 of precoating in the above-mentioned first powder dust layer 211 outsides, the described first powder dust layer 211 and the second powder dust layer, the 212 common precoated shets with defencive function that form; In this step 2, when pressure drop ratio P2 increases about 200～300Pa, close the 4th valve 622, stop to feed second powder to filter interior.
Step 3: close the 4th valve 622, open first valve 31 simultaneously, carry out normal filter operation.In this step 3, the process gas that dust-laden contains tar enters filter 100 inside, under the effect of gas motive force, arrive each screen pipe surface, the dust granules thing is delayed at the outer surface of the precoated shet of talcum powder and flyash formation, because the effect of precoated shet, particle concentration in the clean gas after the filtration is lower, filter efficiency in the whole filter operation process is in stable status, because when operating pressure and variation of temperature cause separating out tar and condensed water in the process gas, precoated shet can be with above-mentioned impurity absorption, prevent that tar and condensed water from entering in the micropore of screen pipe, cause the passage of screen pipe to stop up.
Step 4: when the pressure drop of tube sheet was increased to a certain degree, the screen pipe that needs is carried out quality rebuilding carried out the operation of pulse backblowing deashing; Close first valve 31, needs are carried out the pulse backblowing opening of valves in the corresponding blowback pipeline that arranges in filter element top at screen pipe place of quality rebuilding, screen pipe in this filter element is carried out reverse gas cleaning, purge gas enters into the inside of screen pipe along the blowback pipeline, the energy that utilizes transient state is peeled off the precoated shet of screen pipe outer surface and the formation cake layers such as dust, tar and condensate water that are attached to the precoated shet surface, cake layer falls into the ash bucket of filter, regularly removes.
Step 5: repeating step one～step 4.
In the present embodiment, if step 1 is carried out after the high temperature air filtration device has just started, owing to also there is not this moment dusty gas to be detained in the filter 100, before the described first powder dust layer 211 of precoating, the dust granules that the outer surface of screen pipe does not have dusty gas adheres to, therefore, can directly carry out the precoating operation of the first powder dust layer 211.
But, if step 1 is carried out behind high temperature air filtration device reverse gas cleaning, owing to there is this moment dusty gas to be detained in the filter 100, before the described first powder dust layer 211 of precoating, need increase by the delay dusty gas in the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom to be cleared out of the purge step of filter; Thus, clean gas need be set at the dusty gas chamber of filter 100 bottoms and purge intake line 8 and dusty gas purging output pipe 9; As shown in Figure 1, described clean gas purging intake line 8 is made of second gas-heating apparatus 82 and the 5th valve 81 polyphones; Described dusty gas purges output pipe 9 and is made of the 6th valve 91.When carrying out the operation of described purge step, clean gas is purged the 6th valve 91 that second gas-heating apparatus 82 in the intake line, the 5th valve 81 and dusty gas purge in the output pipe 9 to be opened, at this moment, first valve 31～the 4th valve 622 is closed, purge intake line 8 by clean gas and have clean gas pressure, heating to filter 100 interior feedings, the delay dusty gases in the filter 100 are purged output pipe 9 by dusty gas blow out.Described purge time can be set according to actual conditions, generally is about 5～8min and can reaches requirement.After finishing, purging carries out the operation of step 1 again.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) mode of employing two-stage precoated shet, form one deck protection barrier at the screen pipe outer surface, the porosity of the talcum powder coating of close screen pipe tube wall is big, filtration resistance is low, mobility of particle is good, in the blowback process, peel off easily, be conducive to improve ash-removal effect, the secondary precoated shet can improve the interception efficient to fine particle, increase the active force between the ground floor coating granule simultaneously, improve cleaning efficiency when can make screen pipe keep high filtration efficiency, overcome the unsettled defective of screen pipe efficient in the prior art; Precoated shet can prevent the deposition of granule in the screen pipe micropore, thereby prolongs the service life of screen pipe.
(2) this precoated shet process is particularly useful for handling and contains process gas such as the bigger dust of toughness, tar and steam, the precoated shet powder has suction-operated preferably to tar and condensate water, prevent that tar and condensate water from adhering to and penetrating in the micropore of screen pipe, stop up the micro channel of screen pipe, cause the permanent failure of screen pipe.
(3) precoated shet powder wide material sources, cheap.
Embodiment two
Structure, the principle of present embodiment and embodiment one are basic identical, and its difference is that as shown in Figure 2, described filter 200 is to be made of a plurality of high-temperature gas filter 100 parallel connections, has provided the example that is made of two high-temperature gas filter 100 parallel connections among Fig. 2; The outer end of the dusty gas entrance pipe 3 of described two high-temperature gas filters 100 is communicated with the outer end that dusty gas purges output pipe 9, and is connected in a dust-laden process gas total pipeline 0; The clean gas export pipeline 4 of described two high-temperature gas filters 100 is connected in a clean synthesis gas total pipeline P, and the cleaning technology gas after the purification converges to after the total pipeline P, enters subsequent treatment process.Thus, two operation of screen pipe precoated shet, reverse gas cleaning operation and filter operation controlled alternates in the filter 100 are carried out, make whole high temperature air filtration form a continuous close loop maneuver process.For example: when a filter 100 was in purge step, another filter 100 still was in the filtration state; At this moment, by the dusty gas that purged out, enter the inside of this another filter 100 by the dusty gas entrance pipe 3 of another filter 100 in this filter 100.
In this structure, in the filter that carries out purge step, the pressure that purges the clean gas that intake line 8 feeds by clean gas should be higher than the gas pressure of dust-laden process gas total pipeline 0; Thus, make delay gas in this filter purge by dusty gas that output pipe 9 flows out and after the gas of dust-laden process gas total pipeline 0 converges, enter in another filter.
In the present embodiment, high temperature air filtration technology is by 100 parallel operations of two high-temperature gas filters, and technological process is simple, and the whole operation process is continuous.
Other effects of present embodiment are identical with embodiment one, do not repeat them here.
The above only is the schematic specific embodiment of the present invention, is not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, the equivalent variations of having done under the prerequisite that does not break away from design of the present invention and principle and modification all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (17)
1. high temperature air filtration device, it is characterized in that: described filter comprises a high-temperature gas filter at least, and the tube sheet of described filter is provided with a plurality of filter elements, comprises a screen pipe in described each filter element at least; Described tube sheet is the clean gas chamber on top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom with the filter sealed separation, the dusty gas chamber is provided with the dusty gas entrance pipe, be provided with first valve in this dusty gas entrance pipe, the clean gas chamber is provided with the clean gas export pipeline, is provided with second valve in this clean gas export pipeline; Each filter element top is equipped with the blowback pipeline corresponding with filter element; Dusty gas chamber in the filter bottom is provided with a precoating powder intake line, be provided with first gas-heating apparatus in this precoating powder intake line, the first powder delivering pipe road and the second powder delivering pipe road of being provided with in parallel between first gas-heating apparatus and filter; The described first powder delivering pipe road is made of the first powder feed device and the 3rd valve polyphone; The described second powder delivering pipe road is made of the second powder feed device and the 4th valve polyphone.
2. high temperature air filtration device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the dusty gas chamber in the filter bottom is provided with also that clean gas purges intake line and dusty gas purges output pipe; Described clean gas purges intake line and is made of second gas-heating apparatus and the 5th valve polyphone; Described dusty gas purges output pipe and is made of the 6th valve.
3. high temperature air filtration device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described screen pipe is sintered metal filtration pipe or ceramic filter tube; The volume meta particle diameter of first powder is greater than the micropore size of screen pipe in the described first powder feed device; The volume meta particle diameter of second powder is less than the micropore size of screen pipe in the described second powder feed device.
4. high temperature air filtration device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the volume meta particle diameter of described first powder is 1.5～2 times of screen pipe micropore size; The described second powder volume meta particle diameter is 0.4～0.6 times of screen pipe micropore.
5. high temperature air filtration device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the particle diameter shape of described first powder in the form of sheets, the particle diameter shape of described second powder is spherical.
6. high temperature air filtration device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described first powder select from alpha-alumina, talcum powder or white lime one of them; Described second powder select from flyash or three revolve catalyst granules one of them.
7. high temperature air filtration device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with differential pressure transmitter between the clean gas chamber on described top and the dusty gas chamber of bottom.
8. high temperature air filtration device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described filter is made of a plurality of high-temperature gas filter parallel connections; The outer end of the dusty gas entrance pipe of described each high-temperature gas filter is communicated with the outer end that dusty gas purges output pipe, and is connected in a dust-laden process gas total pipeline; The clean gas export pipeline of described each high-temperature gas filter is connected in a clean synthesis gas total pipeline.
9. filter method that utilizes each high temperature air filtration device of claim 1～8 to carry out high temperature air filtration; when the high temperature air filtration device starts or behind the reverse gas cleaning; successively pass through the first powder delivering pipe road and the second powder delivering pipe road at the outer surface precoating from the inside to the outside first powder dust layer and the second powder dust layer of screen pipe; make the screen pipe outer surface form the precoated shet with defencive function, and then the dust-laden process gas is carried out filter operation.
10. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described filter method may further comprise the steps:
(1) when the high temperature air filtration device starts or behind the reverse gas cleaning, at first open second valve, open the 3rd valve in the first powder delivering pipe road afterwards, first valve and the 4th valve all are in closed condition; Start the first powder feed device, in precoating powder intake line, feed the cleaning technology gas with pressure, enter filter interior after this cleaning technology gas heats up through first gas-heating apparatus filter is carried out preheating and intensification, first powder in the first powder feed device feeds filter interior simultaneously, under the effect of gas motive force, first powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, forms the first powder dust layer of precoating at the outer surface of screen pipe;
(2) close the 3rd valve, open the 4th valve simultaneously, start the second powder feed device, by the cleaning technology gas after the intensification of first gas-heating apparatus second powder in the second powder feed device is blown into filter interior, second powder arrives the outer surface of screen pipe, form the second powder dust layer of precoating in the above-mentioned first powder dust layer outside, the common precoated shet with defencive function that forms of the described first powder dust layer and the second powder dust layer;
(3) close the 4th valve, open first valve simultaneously, carry out normal filter operation;
(4) screen pipe that needs are carried out quality rebuilding carries out the operation of pulse backblowing deashing;
(5) repeating step (1)～step (4).
11. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that: in step (1), control the aperture of the 3rd valve and regulate the cleaning technology tolerance that enters filter interior, make the apparent filtration gas speed of screen pipe maintain 1～1.2m/min; The change in pressure drop that shows by differential pressure transmitter is controlled the feeding quantity of first powder, and the initial drop value before reinforced is P1, and when pressure drop ratio P1 increased by 300～500Pa, pressure drop was designated as P2, closes the 3rd valve, stops to feed first powder to filter interior.
12. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: in step (2), when pressure drop ratio P2 increases about 200～300Pa, close the 4th valve, stop to feed second powder to filter interior.
13. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that: in step (4), needs are carried out the pulse backblowing opening of valves in the corresponding blowback pipeline that arranges in filter element top at screen pipe place of quality rebuilding, screen pipe in this filter element is carried out reverse gas cleaning, the energy that purge gas utilizes transient state is with the precoated shet of screen pipe outer surface and be attached to the cake layer that dust, tar and the condensate water on precoated shet surface form and peel off, and the ash bucket that cake layer falls into filter regularly removes.
14. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that: if step (1) is carried out behind reverse gas cleaning, then increase by one before in step (1) the delay dusty gas in the dusty gas chamber of filter bottom cleared out of the purge step of filter; Described purge step is, clean gas is purged second gas-heating apparatus in the intake line, the 5th valve and dusty gas purge the 6th valve opening in the output pipe, first valve～the 4th valve closing, purge intake line by clean gas and feed in the filter and have clean gas pressure, heating, the delay gas in the filter is purged output pipe by dusty gas blow out.
15. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that: the purge time of described purge step is set at 5～8min according to actual conditions.
16. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that: with a plurality of high-temperature gas filter parallel connections; The outer end of the dusty gas entrance pipe of each high-temperature gas filter is communicated with the outer end that dusty gas purges output pipe, and is connected in a dust-laden process gas total pipeline; The clean gas export pipeline of each high-temperature gas filter is connected in a clean synthesis gas total pipeline; Thus, the operation of screen pipe precoated shet, reverse gas cleaning operation and filter operation in a plurality of filters are hocketed, make whole high temperature air filtration form a continuous close loop maneuver process.
17. high temperature air filtration method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: in the filter that carries out purge step, the pressure that purges the clean gas that intake line feeds by clean gas is higher than the gas pressure of dust-laden process gas total pipeline; At this moment, the delay gas in this filter purges by dusty gas that output pipe flows out and enters in other filters after the gas of dust-laden process gas total pipeline converges.
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