CN103333834B - Bacterium for degrading herbicide imazethapyr and application of bacterium - Google Patents
Bacterium for degrading herbicide imazethapyr and application of bacterium Download PDFInfo
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- CN103333834B CN103333834B CN201310271794.0A CN201310271794A CN103333834B CN 103333834 B CN103333834 B CN 103333834B CN 201310271794 A CN201310271794 A CN 201310271794A CN 103333834 B CN103333834 B CN 103333834B
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- shite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bacterium for degrading a herbicide imazethapyr and application of the bacterium. The bacterium for degrading imazethapyr is methylobacterium sp. PST1991, which is preserved in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center by a preservation number of CGMCC No.7773. The methylobacterium sp. PST1991 CGMCC No.7773 reaches a degrading rate of 71.06% on 8mg/L of imazethapyr in an organic salt culture medium within 7d, showing that the strain can effectively degrade the imazethapyr; the bacterium has a wide application prospect in an aspect of repairing imazethapyr pollution of soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bacterium of a strain degrading herbicide Pu Shite and uses thereof.
Background technology
Pu Shite, has another name called Imazethapyr, English name Pursuit (imazethapyr – ammonium), chemical name (RS)-5-ethyl-2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-2-tetrahydroglyoxaline-2-yl) nicotinic acid, chemical structure as shown in Equation 1:
Pu Shite is imidazolinone herbicide, it is side chain amino acid synthetic inhibitor, before bud or after bud, all can use, the gramineous weeds in Soybean Field and other leguminous plants farmlands and some broadleaf weeds are had to excellent prevention effect as three-coloured amaranth, knotweed, lamb's-quarters, black nightshade, Siberian cocklebur, barnyard grass, Herba Setariae Viridis, lady's-grass, broomcorn millet etc.
Pu Shite is release weedicide, advantage is that herbicidal effect is good, herbicide spectrum width, dosage is few, easy to use, drug cost is low, but their residence times in soil are long, generally can reach 2-3, in continuous cropping or crop rotation farmland, use and very easily cause succession crop poisoning, the underproduction, even total crop failure, and had a strong impact on the adjustment of agricultural planting industry structure.Long residual effect weedicide makes succession crop happened occasionally by the poisoning underproduction, total crop failure event.In Heilungkiang, Jilin, the Inner Mongol shows as: some places change Soybean Field as paddy field into, and rice cultivation is injured seriously, even total crop failure.The 2nd, weedicide is executed rear 3-4 and is still had poisoning, causes beet plant industry to glide.The 3rd, cash crop development is influenced, and white melon seeds, Sunflower Receptacle, potato, flax and vegetables etc. come to harm, and severe patient base is ruined.Northeastern Inner Mongolia just wants to adjust crop mix several years ago, because wheat, Soybean Field are used long residual effect weedicide to make to plant the cash crop such as potato, flax, white melon seeds, kidney bean for many years, fails to realize, and has seriously restricted Development of Local Economy.The 4th, the crops such as corn, Chinese sorghum, millet are injured, and downgrade the underproduction or total crop failure.
The degraded of natural herbicide residue mainly completes by Soil Microorganism, but natural degradation is very slow.Therefore, screen targetedly high-effective microorganism bacterial strain, development microorganism renovation agent, the residual poisoning of degraded elimination farmland herbicide of accelerating soil lasting rudimental herbicide by artificial inoculation is a very necessary job and practicable approach.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the bacterium that a strain can efficient degradation weedicide Pu Shite.
Bacterium provided by the present invention is methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991, this bacterial strain is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center on June 20th, 2013 and (is called for short CGMCC, address is: No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City), deposit number is CGMCC No.7773.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microbial inoculum, and the activeconstituents of this microbial inoculum is described methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773.
Described microbial inoculum is following 1) or 2) described microbial inoculum:
1) for the microbial inoculum of degrading herbicide Pu Shite;
2) microbial inoculum polluting for rehabilitating soil weedicide Pu Shite.
Described microbial inoculum also can comprise carrier.Described carrier can be solid carrier or liquid vehicle.Described solid carrier is mineral material, vegetable material or macromolecular compound; Described mineral material is at least one in clay, talcum, kaolin, montmorillonite, white carbon, zeolite, silica and diatomite; Described vegetable material is at least one in Semen Maydis powder, bean powder and starch; Described macromolecular compound is polyvinyl alcohol and/or polyglycol.Described liquid vehicle is organic solvent, vegetables oil, mineral oil or water; Described organic solvent is decane and/or dodecane.In described microbial inoculum, described activeconstituents can exist with viable cell, the fermented liquid of viable cell, the form of the mixture of the filtrate of cell culture or cell and filtrate of being cultivated.The formulation of described composition can be multiple formulation, as liquor, emulsion, suspension agent, pulvis, granule, wettable powder or water dispersible granules.
As required, in described microbial inoculum, also can add tensio-active agent (as polysorbas20, tween 80 etc.), tackiness agent, stablizer (as antioxidant), pH adjusting agent etc.
The application of the microbial inoculum that described methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 or methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) the PST1991CGMCC No.7773 of take are activeconstituents in degraded Pu Shite also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The application of the microbial inoculum that described methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 or methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) the PST1991CGMCC No.7773 of take are activeconstituents in rehabilitating soil Pu Shite pollutes also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
A further object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of cultivation methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773, and the method comprises methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 in the step of cultivating for cultivating the substratum of methyl bacillus.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of take the microbial inoculum that methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 is activeconstituents, comprise the steps: described methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 as activeconstituents, to obtain described microbial inoculum.
The present invention is the farmland collection soil sample of polluting from being subject to for a long time weedicide Pu Shite, and Pu Shite degradation bacteria methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) the PST1991CGMCC No.7773 that therefrom separated, screening obtains.Experiment showed, that this bacterial strain reaches 71.06% to the degradation rate of 8mg/L Pu Shite in 7 days in minimal medium.This shows that this bacterial strain energy efficient degradation Pu Shite is having broad application prospects aspect rehabilitating soil weedicide Pu Shite pollution.
preservation explanation
Strain name: methyl bacillus
Latin name: (Methylobacterium sp.)
Strain number: PST1991
Preservation mechanism: China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center
Preservation mechanism is called for short: CGMCC
Address: No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City
Preservation date: on June 20th, 2013
The preservation center numbering of registering on the books: CGMCC No.7773
Embodiment
The experimental technique using in following embodiment if no special instructions, is ordinary method.
In following embodiment, material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Substratum used in following embodiment is as follows:
Enrichment culture liquid: K
2hPO
47g/L, KH
2pO
42g/L, MgSO
47H
2o0.1g/L, MnSO
40.05g/L, FeSO
40.05g/L, CaC1
20.003g/L, glucose 5g/L, is settled to 1L with distilled water, pH7.0; (Pu Shite consumption is according to below embodiment 1 interpolation).
Isolation medium: be 2% to adding agar to its mass concentration in enrichment culture liquid.
Inorganic salt liquid substratum: NH
4cl1.0g/L, KH
2pO
40.5g/L, K
2hPO
41.5g/L, MgSO
40.2g/L, NaCl0.5g/L, is settled to 1L with distilled water, pH7.0.
Inorganic salt solid medium: be 2% to adding agar to its mass concentration in inorganic salt liquid substratum.
Beef extract-peptone solid medium: extractum carnis 5g/L, peptone 10g/L, NaCl5g/L, agar 20g/L, is settled to 1L with distilled water, pH7.2.
Beef extract-peptone liquid nutrient medium: extractum carnis 5g/L, peptone 10g/L, NaCl5g/L, is settled to 1L with distilled water, pH7.2.
Separation and the evaluation of embodiment 1, methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773
One, the separation of Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991
At 100mL containing adding 10g pedotheque (pick up from BeiJing, China and be subject to the farmland that weedicide Pu Shite pollutes), 28 ℃, 200r/min shaking culture 7d enrichment Pu Shite degradation bacteria in the enrichment culture liquid of Pu Shite 200mg/L.After first round enrichment finishes, draw 10mL pregnant solution and be transferred in the 100mL enrichment culture liquid containing Pu Shite 400mg/L, continuation cultivation 7d carries out second and takes turns enrichment.So continuously enrichment, cultivate 5 times, Pu Shite concentration is followed successively by 200,400,600,800 and 1000mg/L.Complete after enrichment, get pregnant solution and be uniformly coated on the inorganic salt solid medium containing Pu Shite 1000mg/L, 28 ℃ of constant temperature culture 3d, until dull and stereotyped upper appearance after single bacterium colony, the larger single bacterium colony of picking is forwarded on beef extract-peptone solid medium, and 4 ℃ save backup.
Through a large amount of enrichment culture, being separated to can be in bacterial strain more than 50 strain containing growing on the inorganic salt solid medium flat board of Pu Shite 1000mg/L.Further, after screening, obtain a bacterial strain that is numbered PST1991, called after Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991, this bacterial strain can degrade 71.06% by the Pu Shite of starting point concentration 8mg/L in 7d.
Two, the evaluation of Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991
The Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 separated from the following aspects authentication step one and purifying obtains:
1, Morphological Identification
Will be in logarithmic phase, and bacterium colony size is stable, above-mentioned steps one Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 separated and that purifying obtains carries out single bacterium colony state observation, mainly comprises size, color, transparency, wettability, bacterium colony condition of surface (whether smooth, projection, fold, depression etc.), the colony edge state (whether neat, irregular, radial etc.) of bacterium colony.
For the described Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 in logarithmic phase, after smear staining, adopt the form of observation by light microscope thalline.
Result shows, above-mentioned steps one is separated and purifying obtains Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 bacterium colony circular protrusion, redness, smooth surface, neat in edge; Thalline is shaft-like, Gram-negative.
2, analysis of physio biochemical characteristics
With reference to < < common bacteria system identification handbook > > (eastern elegant pearl, Cai Miaoying. common bacteria system identification handbook. Beijing: Science Press, 2011.) and < < Microbiology Experiment > > (Shen Ping, Fan Xiurong, Li Guangwu. Microbiology Experiment (third edition). Beijing: Higher Education Publishing House, 1999.) measure the physiological and biochemical property of above-mentioned Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991.
The physiological and biochemical property measurement result of described Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 is as shown in table 1:
The physiological and biochemical property of table 1 Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991
Note: "+" represents positive, "-" represents negative.
3,16s rDNA sequence homology analysis
Ordinary method is cultivated the Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 that above-mentioned steps one separation and purification obtains, extract total DNA of bacterial strain as gene amplification template, with bacterium 16s rDNA universal primer, 27f:5 '-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAG-3 ', 1492r:5 '-TACCTTGTTACGACTT-3 ' carries out PCR reaction.Reaction system adopts Shanghai biotechnology company limited pcr amplification test kit.Response procedures is: 95 ℃ of sex change 30s, 55 ℃ of annealing 1min, 72 ℃ of extensions 2min, totally 30 circulations.DNA sequencing is completed by Beijing San Bo polygala root biotech company, sequence assembly and similarity analysis are used DNAStar software to complete, and gene comparison completes online by American National biotechnology information center ncbi database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and EzTaxon.
Pcr gene amplification obtains the about 1.3kb of 16S rDNA gene fragment of Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991, measure after sequence with NCBI and EzTaxon database in published 16S rDNA sequence carry out online sequence analysis, result shows PST1991 and Zha Shi methyl bacillus Methylobacterium zatmanii DSM5688
tthe homology of (GenBank accession number AB175647) is the highest, reaches 99.851%.
The 16s rDNA sequence of Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 refers to sequence 1 in sequence table.
4, growth characteristics analysis
Optimum temperuture and the optimal pH growth experiment of Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 have been carried out.Adopt inorganic salt liquid substratum, respectively at 4 ℃, 28 ℃, 37 ℃, the 60 ℃ thermal adaptabilities of cultivating, observing, record bacterial strain, each is processed 3 times and repeats.Adjust pH and be respectively 4,5,6,7,8,9,10, each is processed 3 times and repeats, and cultivates, observes, records the optimal pH of strain growth.
Result shows, the optimum growth temperature of described Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 is 28 ℃, and the most suitable growth pH is pH7~8.
In view of above-mentioned form, analysis of physio biochemical characteristics and 16s rDNA sequence homology analysis result, the Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 that step 1 separation and purification is obtained is accredited as modification bacterial alpha subgroup methyl Bacteriaceae (Methylobacteriaceae) methyl Bacillaceae (Methylobacterium sp.).This Pu Shite degradation bacteria PST1991 is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center on June 20th, 2013 and (is called for short CGMCC, address is: No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City), deposit number is CGMCC No.7773.
The quantitative assay of embodiment 2, methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 degraded Pu Shite ability
One, Pu Shite bioassay standard curve plotting
Accurately take Pu Shite standard substance (purchased from Fluka company) 10.0mg and, in 10mL volumetric flask, use a small amount of dissolve with methanol, volumetric flask is placed on to the 10min that vibrates in ultrasonic wave bath, then by methanol constant volume to 10mL, shake up, be made into 1000mg/L Pu Shite mother liquor.Continue dilution preparation 10mg/L mother liquor, then prepare 1,2,4,6,8,10mg/L series standard solution.Adopt high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure the peak area of different concns Pu Shite standard substance, repeat for 3 times.Take Pu Shite concentration as X-coordinate, and peak area is ordinate zou, draws Pu Shite typical curve.
Testing conditions is as follows:
Detection system: Agilent1100Series.Chromatographic column: C18Diamosil
tMreversed-phase column, 250mm * 4.6mm, particle diameter 5 μ m.Chromatographic condition: moving phase: acetonitrile: water (glacial acetic acid is adjusted pH3.0)=40:60(v/v); Detect wavelength, 258nm; Flow velocity, 1.0mL/min; Sampling volume, 10 μ L; 30 ℃ of column temperatures.
Measurement result is as shown in table 2:
Table 2 different concns Pu Shite HPLC measures peak area
According to table 2 data, obtain Pu Shite bioassay standard curve: y=24.49x-6.683(R
2=0.999).Wherein, y is peak area, and x is Pu Shite concentration.
Two, methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 degraded Pu Shite ability quantitative assay
Methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 is seeded on beef extract-peptone solid medium and cultivates 24h, picking 1 ring is seeded in 5mL beef extract-peptone liquid nutrient medium, 180r/min cultivates 12h, the centrifugal substratum that removes, with inorganic salt liquid substratum, being adjusted to OD600nm value is 1.0.Draw 0.2mL bacteria suspension (1 * 10
9cfu/ml) be inoculated in the test tube of 5mL containing the general inorganic salt liquid substratum of executing contributing 10mg/L (being the substratum that about 10mg/L obtains to adding the concentration of Pu Shi special envoy Pu Shite in inorganic salt liquid substratum), 28 ℃, 180r/min cultivates 7d.Get 4mL degradation solution to 50mL centrifuge tube, add 8mL methylene dichloride, vibration 2min, standing 10min, adds a little anhydrous sodium sulphate.Accurately drawing 800 μ L organic phases is transferred in 1.5mL EP centrifuge tube, on Nitrogen evaporator, dry up, add 400 μ L methyl alcohol (chromatographic grade), on ultrasonic washing instrument, dissolve 10min, with liquid spectrum strainer, filter and be collected in sample bottle, according to above-mentioned HPLC method, measure Pu Shite.Meanwhile, using do not inoculate methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 above-mentioned containing the general inorganic salt liquid substratum of executing contributing 10mg/L as blank, measure according to the method described above the concentration of Pu Shite.Pu Shite degradation rate: X=(1-A/B) * 100%, in formula, X is degradation rate (%), and A connects Pu Shite concentration residual in bacterium treatment solution, and B is not for connecing Pu Shite concentration residual in bacterium blank treatment solution.3 repetitions are established in experiment, repeat each at every turn and process 1 test tube of inoculation.
Result shows, Pu Shite starting point concentration is 7.89mg/L, after 7 days described methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 that the degradation rate of Pu Shite is reached to 71.06%(is as shown in table 3).This result shows, methyl bacillus provided by the present invention (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 can efficient degradation Pu Shite.
Table 3 methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991CGMCC No.7773 degraded Pu Shite effect
Claims (6)
1. methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991, the deposit number at Qi China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center is CGMCC No.7773.
2. a microbial inoculum, is characterized in that: the activeconstituents of described microbial inoculum is methyl bacillus claimed in claim 1 (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991.
3. methyl bacillus claimed in claim 1 (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991 or microbial inoculum claimed in claim 2 application in degraded Pu Shite.
4. methyl bacillus claimed in claim 1 (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991 or microbial inoculum claimed in claim 2 application in rehabilitating soil Pu Shite pollutes.
5. cultivate the method for methyl bacillus claimed in claim 1 (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991, comprise described methyl bacillus (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991 in the step of cultivating for cultivating the substratum of methyl bacillus.
6. the preparation method of microbial inoculum described in claim 2, comprises the steps: methyl bacillus claimed in claim 1 (Methylobacterium sp.) PST1991 as activeconstituents, to obtain described microbial inoculum.
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CN103834595B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of Methylobacterium and application thereof |
CN104498393B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-02-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Bacterium for degrading herbicide namely Pursuit (imazethapyr-ammonium) and application of bacterium |
CN104498389B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-01-18 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Bacterium for degrading herbicide namely Pursuit (imazethapyr-ammonium) and acetochlor and application of bacterium |
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