CN103332885A - Blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material and method for making simulative rock from the blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material - Google Patents
Blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material and method for making simulative rock from the blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material and a method for making simulative rock from the blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material and belongs to the technical field of rock material simulation in a geomechanical model test. The blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material comprises blanc fixe as a aggregate, bentonite as an auxiliary material, and dilute glue composed of 107 glue and water. The method comprises the following steps of drawing a water-binder ratio-shearing strength f curve by the blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material, calculating wet density of different batches of the blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like materials, and making a small test-piece from different batches of the blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like materials. The blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material has a low cost and no toxicity, can be processed into small blocks easily, and can satisfy requirements of a geomechanical model test on the blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material. Simulative rock made from the blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material does not influence a model building process and can be made fast so that a model test rate is greatly improved. The blanc fixe cementitious rock soil-like material is suitable for the field of a test on a model built by laying small blocks.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the simulation technique field of rock-soil material in the geomechanical model test, the method that is particularly related to a kind of novel ground analog material and makes the simulation rock mass, for the simulation of the geomechanical model test rock-soil material that relates to engineering fields such as water conservancy, traffic, mining, and be particularly suitable for the small blocks model trial.
Background technology
Geomechanical model test can the model engineering structure characteristics, again can approximate simulation rock mass tomography etc. geologic agent to the influence of engineering stability, so it has played important role and has obtained using widely in engineering designs such as water conservancy, mining, tunnel.
The objective requirement of the likelihood of actual according to engineering in model trial, geomechanical model test to the simulation dam body and on every side the mechanical property etc. of the analog material of basic rock mass medium the higher requirement of ratio is arranged.For example, it is 1 that geomechanical model test requires the ratio of similitude of all dimentionless quantitys (strain, internal friction angle, frictional coefficient, Poisson's ratio etc.) of analog material, and the Young's modulus of analog material and prototype material, stress-strain(ed) curve, intensity etc. also will satisfy simulated condition etc.Therefore test often needs low-elasticity-modulus (minimum 2mpa) and high strength, highdensity analog material; And same project geologic condition difference is bigger, and just the bullet mould of rock-soil material, density etc. differ greatly, and for example playing the mould span is 2mpa-100mpa; The making of analog material and use also has requirements such as nontoxic, low cost in addition.Therefore, the research and development of geomechanical model test analog material are research focus and the difficult points of model trial always, related scientific research mechanism is constantly carrying out the R﹠D work of analog material both at home and abroad, various novel analog materials emerge in an endless stream, can be than the material that more comprehensively satisfies these requirements but rarely have.
The eighties in last century was once invented a kind of analog material that is mixed by ground barium sulfate, glued membrane iron powder and rosin alcohol by Wuhan water conservancy and hydropower university, was called for short the MIB material; The Young's modulus of this material can be adjusted according to film thickness, but the neoprene latex of iron powder tackiness agent contains toluene, and is harmful.Tsing-Hua University once invented at the beginning of 21 century and a kind ofly formed analog material by (NIOS) such as magnetite concentrate powder, river sand, binding agent gypsum or cement, this material character is stable, capacity is big, cheap, but dry, curing time is long, material can not be reused.Shandong University has applied for iron spar powder, guartz sand cement rock-soil similar material and preparation method thereof in 2005, application number 200510104581.4, publication number CN1792990A, this Mechanical Properties of Materials are also better, cost is lower, but it uses quartz sand as main aggregate, is not suitable for that small blocks is meticulous builds by laying bricks or stones.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to lack a kind of well the satisfy requirement of geomechanical model test likelihood and low cost, nontoxic at present for solving, the problem of the analog material that is easy to process, a kind of ground barium sulfate cement rock soil phase of special proposition is like material and make the method for simulating rock mass, it is low, nontoxic that this analog material has a cost, be easy to the characteristics of processing and fabricating small blocks, well satisfy the test of geology mechanical mode to the requirement of analog material; Simultaneously, making the simulation rock mass with this analog material does not influence the model building process, makes rapidly, can accelerate the progress of model trial greatly.Be particularly useful for the model trial field that small blocks is built by laying bricks or stones.
A kind of ground barium sulfate cement rock soil phase that the present invention proposes is characterized in that like material this analog material is aggregate by ground barium sulfate, and wilkinite is subsidiary material, and the dilution glue of 107 glue and water mixing constitutes compound; Wherein, the mass ratio of ground barium sulfate, wilkinite and dilution glue is 11-13:0.25-0.35:1; The mass ratio of the glue of 107 glue and water is that 1:1.5 is to 1:6 in the dilution glue;
Adopt above-mentioned analog material to make the method for simulation rock mass, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
1) adopt shearing test to determine the water-cement ratio of dilution glue: it is identical to make 4 groups of density, the quality proportioning of ground barium sulfate, wilkinite, dilution glue is also identical, but 107 glue and quality are than different cubes small specimens in the dilution glue, and every group of small specimen contains the test specimen of four same mixture material proportionings and cement ratio; To four test specimens of every group, use four kinds of vertical loads of difference to carry out straight pushing manipulation shear test respectively, measure the ultimate shearing resistance of test specimen under four kinds of different pressures load situation; Use the vertical compressive stress-ultimate shear stress of the identical cement ratio of least square fitting, obtain the slip resistance f (being slope f) of this group small specimen; Slip resistance f to each group fits to different water-binder ratios-slip resistance f curve again;
2) adopt the uniaxial compression testing of materials to determine analog material density-bullet modular curve: to adopt 4 batches compound, the compound of each batch carries out the testing of materials of this batch respectively, concrete grammar is as follows: the compound of each batch is produced the cylindric test specimen of at least 8 group DIFFERENT WET density, and every group of test specimen contains 4 identical test specimens; Carry out uniaxial compression test after each test specimen dried, calculate the average wet density and the average mould that plays of respectively organizing 4 test specimens respectively; According to testing data, make the wet density of this batch compound test specimen---play modular curve;
3) the test-results glue of the every position of computation model simulation material wet density when: calculate slip resistance that each position analog material of model requires, play mould, again according to step 1) and 2 according to the similar proportion of design starting material and model trial) is determined analog material water-cement ratio and the wet density at corresponding batch of each position of model:
4) make the small blocks test specimen of simulation rock mass: select corresponding batch compound for use according to the position of simulation rock mass, again according to wet density and the small blocks test specimen shape of the simulation rock mass calculation requirement at this position, calculate the quality of a required compound of small blocks test specimen; The compound that takes by weighing this quality is poured in the compression molding press, this compound is pressed into the wet density small blocks test specimen of described requirement; After the small blocks compacting finishes, after airing 2-3 days, according to the shape of each parts of simulation rock mass, select the small blocks of respective batch for use, block-by-block is built into the experimental model of simulation rock mass by laying bricks or stones.
Characteristics of the present invention and effect:
It is aggregate that this analog material is selected ground barium sulfate for use, and wilkinite is subsidiary material, and 107 glue and water are binding agent.Wherein, ground barium sulfate is used for improving the unit weight of material; Wilkinite has obvious effects for reducing Young's modulus, and stable in properties; 107 glue are converted dilution glue behind the water can guarantee material as binding agent slip resistance by a certain percentage; This material is particularly suitable for simulating hard brittle materials such as rock mass and concrete, can guarantee to influence the equivalent material simulating effect two greatest factor---slip resistance and the Young's modulus of analog material well satisfy likelihood.This material can be worn into powder and use for test next time after off-test, save cost.
This material only need change 107 glue and the glue of water in the dilution glue when making quality is density and simulate the density of the small blocks test specimen of rock mass when, just can the wide rock mass bullet model of analogous pole enclose, can satisfy geomechanical model test to the common rock mass of various different mechanical properties and the simulation of dam body materials.This material and manufacture craft are particularly suitable for the needs of small blocks masonry method, are easy to cutting, build by laying bricks or stones conveniently.In addition, this material has following advantage: material cost is lower; The model that this material is made is not subject to the destruction of laboratory environment, and chemistry, physical properties are stablized, and do not have toxic side effect; Be easy to the meticulous simulation of small blocks; Can accelerate the progress of model trial greatly.This material can be reused, and don't influences test accuracy.This analog material is particularly useful for the model trial field that small blocks is built by laying bricks or stones.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the typical strain-stress curve of analog material of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the mixture density-bullet modular curve of present embodiment.
Embodiment
The ground barium sulfate cement rock soil phase that the present invention proposes reaches embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings like material and making method and is described in detail as follows:
Analog material of the present invention is aggregate by ground barium sulfate, and wilkinite is subsidiary material, and the dilution glue that 107 glue and water mix constitutes compound; Wherein, the mass ratio of ground barium sulfate, wilkinite and dilution glue is 11-13:0.25-0.35:1; The mass ratio of the glue of 107 glue and water is that 1:1.5 is to 1:6 in the dilution glue;
Analog material making method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) adopt shearing test to determine the water-cement ratio of dilution glue: it is identical to make 4 groups of density, the quality proportioning of ground barium sulfate, wilkinite, dilution glue is also identical, but 107 glue and quality are than different cubes small specimens in the dilution glue, and every group of small specimen contains the test specimen of four same mixture material proportionings and cement ratio; To four test specimens of every group, use four kinds of vertical loads of difference to carry out straight pushing manipulation shear test respectively, measure the ultimate shearing resistance of test specimen under four kinds of different pressures load situation; Use the vertical compressive stress-ultimate shear stress of the identical cement ratio of least square fitting, obtain the slip resistance f (being slope f) of this group small specimen; Slip resistance f to each group fits to different water-binder ratios-slip resistance f curve again;
2) adopt the uniaxial compression testing of materials to determine analog material density-bullet modular curve: (model of geomechanical model test generally is divided into 4 positions, the compound of same batch is used at every position, and just the model of geomechanical model test generally uses 4 batches compound altogether); Adopt 4 batches compound, the compound of each batch carries out the testing of materials of this batch respectively, and concrete grammar is as follows: the compound of each batch is produced the cylindric test specimen of at least 8 group DIFFERENT WET density, and every group of test specimen contains 4 identical test specimens; Carry out uniaxial compression test after each test specimen dried, calculate the average wet density and the average mould that plays of respectively organizing 4 test specimens respectively; According to testing data, make the wet density of this batch compound test specimen---play modular curve;
3) the test-results glue of the every position of computation model simulation material wet density when: calculate slip resistance that each position analog material of model requires, play mould, again according to step 1) and 2 according to the similar proportion of design starting material and model trial) is determined analog material water-cement ratio and the wet density at corresponding batch of each position of model:
4) make the small blocks test specimen of simulation rock mass: select corresponding batch compound for use according to the position of simulation rock mass, again according to wet density and the small blocks test specimen shape of the simulation rock mass calculation requirement at this position, calculate the quality of a required compound of small blocks test specimen; The compound that takes by weighing this quality is poured in the compression molding press, this compound is pressed into the wet density small blocks test specimen of described requirement; After the small blocks compacting finishes, after airing 2-3 days, according to the shape of each parts of simulation rock mass, select the small blocks of respective batch for use, block-by-block is built into the experimental model of simulation rock mass by laying bricks or stones.
Principle of the present invention:
The present invention mainly makes the Young's modulus of analog material and slip resistance satisfy the ratio of similitude requirement.Reason is as follows:
The slip resistance of simulation material is bigger to the test-results influence in the geomechanical model test, and ultimate compression strength and slip resistance have certain positive correlation, and it influences less to the result; So slip resistance is the main simulation factor of simulation material.What most geomechanical model test used is the pressurization of overload method, and just density of material is to the influence of the test-results influence less than material bullet mould, and the bullet mould of material and density also have certain positive correlation; So the present invention does not directly consider actual rock mass density to the influence of test-results, and adopt the material (ground barium sulfate, wilkinite, dilution glue mass ratio 12:0.3:1) of identical proportioning, the difference of the different imitating shell moulds of the density by simulation material.
This analog material can the imitating shell model encloses and is (14mpa-480mpa), unit weight 1.6-2.2t/m
3The rock mass of ultimate compression strength 0.1-0.8mpa, mechanics of materials parameter variation range is wide, and compression curve and destructive process and rock material similar (be the typical stress-strain curve of this simulation material as Fig. 1, transverse axis is strain value, the longitudinal axis is stress value), can satisfy geomechanical model test to the common rock mass of various different mechanical properties and the simulation of dam body materials.
Embodiment
Be example explanation the present invention with certain arch dam model test below, the size ratio of similitude of this arch dam model test is 250, and Young's modulus ratio of similitude 250, f ratio of similitude are 1; The each several part proportioning of the glued novel Similar Material of Rockmass of ground barium sulfate: the gross of ground barium sulfate, wilkinite, dilution glue is than being 12:0.3:1.The employing ground barium sulfate cement rock soil phase of present embodiment is like material and the method for making the simulation rock mass thereof, comprise the water-cement ratio that adopts shearing test to determine dilution glue, adopt glue that the uniaxial compression testing of materials determines analog material density-bullets modular curve, the every position of computation model simulation material when wet density, make small blocks test specimen 4 parts of simulating rock mass.
Arch dam prototype and the model-test data of present embodiment are as shown in table 1:
The arch dam prototype of table 1 present embodiment and model-test data form:
1) adopt shearing test to determine the water-cement ratio of dilution glue: it is identical to make 4 groups of density, the quality proportioning of ground barium sulfate, wilkinite, dilution glue is also identical, but 107 glue and quality are than different cubes small specimens, 107 glue of 4 groups of small specimens and the mass ratio of water are respectively 1:1.5,1:2.5,1:3.5,1:6, every group of small specimen contains the test specimen of four identical proportionings and water-cement ratio; To four test specimens of every group, use respectively four kinds of different vertical loads (vertical stress is respectively 20kpa, 40kpa, 60kpa 80kpa) carries out straight pushing manipulation shear test, measures the ultimate shearing resistance of test specimen under four kinds of different pressures load situation; Use the vertical compressive stress-ultimate shear stress of the identical water-cement ratio of least square fitting, obtain the slip resistance f (being slope f) of this group small specimen; Slip resistance f to each group fits to different water-binder ratios-slip resistance f curve again, and is as shown in table 2;
Glue/quality ratio-slip resistance f the numerical tabular of table 2 dilution glue
2) adopt the uniaxial compression testing of materials to determine analog material density-bullets modular curve: with the arch dam of geomechanical model test and on every side the side slope model be divided into every position, 4 positions, the compound of same batch is used at each position, just has 4 batches compound; Carry out the testing of materials of this batch respectively for every batch compound, method is as follows: the compound of each batch is produced the cylindric test specimen of at least 8 group DIFFERENT WET density, and (wet density is from 2.2-1.8g/cm for diameter 3.9cm, high 8cm
3, wet density refer to new compacting and without the test specimen density of airing), every group of test specimen contains 4 test specimens that wet density is identical; Take by weighing quality respectively after each test specimen dried, carry out uniaxial compression test, calculate the average wet density and the average mould that plays of respectively organizing 4 test specimens respectively; According to testing data, make the wet density of this batch compound test specimen---play modular curve, as show 3(compound wet density-bullet modulus value table), Fig. 2 (compound wet density-bullet modular curve, transverse axis is the compound wet density, the longitudinal axis is for playing mould) shown in (cylindric test specimen making method is: the rectangular parallelepiped test specimen that the compound of mixing is pressed into 4cm*4cm*8cm with this pressure forming machine, the irony flat board that is 3.9cm with two ganoid diameters is pushed down upper and lower two surfaces of test specimen then, manually carves with pocket knife again); According to testing data, make the wet density of this batch compound test specimen---play modular curve.
The numerical tabular of table 3 compound wet density-bullet mould
3) glue of the every position of computation model simulation material wet density when: calculate slip resistance that each position analog material of model requires, play mould, again according to 1 according to the similar proportion of designing institute's starting material and model trial) and 2) test-results determine analog material water-cement ratio and the wet density of each position correspondence of model batch:
4) make the small blocks test specimen of simulation rock mass: select corresponding batch compound for use according to the position difference of simulation rock mass, with compound according to specifying the proportioning mixing and stirring; Determine wet density and the small blocks test specimen shape of this position simulation material, calculate the quality of a required compound of small blocks test specimen; The batch making that carries out the small blocks test specimen (in the present embodiment is pressed into compound 2cm*2cm*3cm to the 16cm*16cm*8cm small blocks of totally 12 kinds of sizes; Wherein, 5cm*5cm*8cm is used for building by laying bricks or stones most rock mass of ground, 16cm*16cm*8cm is used for building by laying bricks or stones dam body and border, the small blocks of other sizes is used for building by laying bricks or stones of careful position): the compound that takes by weighing calculated mass is poured in the compression molding press, this compound is pressed into requires wet density small blocks test specimen, carry out the making of next small blocks test specimen;
After the compression moulding of small blocks test specimen, airing 2-3 days, can build into it different sites of solid model by laying bricks or stones according to the difference of small blocks test specimen shape.
Claims (2)
1. a ground barium sulfate cement rock soil phase is characterized in that like material this analog material is aggregate by ground barium sulfate, and wilkinite is subsidiary material, and the dilution glue of 107 glue and water mixing constitutes compound; Wherein, the mass ratio of ground barium sulfate, wilkinite and dilution glue is 11-13:0.25-0.35:1; The mass ratio of the glue of 107 glue and water is that 1:1.5 is to 1:6 in the dilution glue.
2. adopt the method for analog material making simulation rock mass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
1) adopt shearing test to determine the water-cement ratio of dilution glue: it is identical to make 4 groups of density, the quality proportioning of ground barium sulfate, wilkinite, dilution glue is also identical, but 107 glue and quality are than different cubes small specimens in the dilution glue, and every group of small specimen contains the test specimen of four same mixture material proportionings and cement ratio; To four test specimens of every group, use four kinds of vertical loads of difference to carry out straight pushing manipulation shear test respectively, measure the ultimate shearing resistance of test specimen under four kinds of different pressures load situation; Use the vertical compressive stress-ultimate shear stress of the identical cement ratio of least square fitting, obtain the slip resistance f (being slope f) of this group small specimen; Slip resistance f to each group fits to different water-binder ratios-slip resistance f curve again;
2) adopt the uniaxial compression testing of materials to determine analog material density-bullet modular curve: to adopt 4 batches compound, the compound of each batch carries out the testing of materials of this batch respectively, concrete grammar is as follows: the compound of each batch is produced the cylindric test specimen of at least 8 group DIFFERENT WET density, and every group of test specimen contains 4 identical test specimens; Carry out uniaxial compression test after each test specimen dried, calculate the average wet density and the average mould that plays of respectively organizing 4 test specimens respectively; According to testing data, make the wet density of this batch compound test specimen---play modular curve;
3) the test-results glue of the every position of computation model simulation material wet density when: calculate slip resistance that each position analog material of model requires, play mould, again according to step 1) and 2 according to the similar proportion of design starting material and model trial) is determined analog material water-cement ratio and the wet density at corresponding batch of each position of model:
4) make the small blocks test specimen of simulation rock mass: select corresponding batch compound for use according to the position of simulation rock mass, again according to wet density and the small blocks test specimen shape of the simulation rock mass calculation requirement at this position, calculate the quality of a required compound of small blocks test specimen; The compound that takes by weighing this quality is poured in the compression molding press, this compound is pressed into the wet density small blocks test specimen of described requirement; After the small blocks compacting finishes, after airing 2-3 days, according to the shape of each parts of simulation rock mass, select the small blocks of respective batch for use, block-by-block is built into the experimental model of simulation rock mass by laying bricks or stones.
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| CN109580624A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-05 | 广西利升石业有限公司 | The method of artificial stone aggregate simulation |
| CN109534718A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-29 | 广西利升石业有限公司 | Artificial stone aggregate simulation transparent base, preparation method and applications |
| CN109580624B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-02-09 | 广西利升石业有限公司 | Artificial stone aggregate simulation method |
| CN109534718B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-08-27 | 广西利升石业有限公司 | Transparent substrate for artificial stone aggregate simulation, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110736662A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-31 | 湖北工业大学 | Determination method for similar conditions and similar material proportions of simulated carbonate geomechanical models |
| CN110736662B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2022-06-07 | 湖北工业大学 | Method for determining similar conditions and similar material ratios of simulated carbonate geomechanical model |
| CN113943137A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-18 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Rock-like material meeting water-induced strength degradation characteristics and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115159942A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-10-11 | 陕西铁路工程职业技术学院 | Mudstone similar material for simulating tunnel surrounding rock and preparation method thereof |
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