Background technology
Tealeaves is a leading industry of China's rural economy.But China is in Tea Production, and the energy consumption mode mainly still relies on charcoal and fuel wood.No matter be oolong tea, black tea, or green tea production, at the accent that withers, all ubiquities of (fried green) this phenomenon that completes.
Be that example is analyzed with the north of Fujian Province oolong tea, black tea:
Wuyi cliff tea is that the north of Fujian Province tealeaves of representative ranks among Chinese ten famous tea ranks with distinctive quality, and is described as " king in the tea ".Current main producing region concentrates in the scope of newly developed area, Wuyi, the north of Fujian Province, and the tealeaves gross area reaches nearly 300,000 mu.The north of Fujian Province tea industry has played key effect for the increasing income of peasant, development of rural economy.
But in the Tea Production of scope tealeaves producing region, newly developed area, current Wuyi, also there are comparatively distinct issues.In the principal item primary processing of tea such as Here it is black tea, oolong tea, the combustion bavin is made charcoal and is all had generality, the combustion bavin make charcoal the accent that withers that seriously is present in Tea Production, do green grass or young crops and complete these links.Oolong tea is comprehensively cooked blue or green link and is made charcoal ratio near 100%, and oolong tea, black tea complete link burning bavin ratio also more than 95%.The spring tea that the south of Fujian Province oolong tea adopts accents that wither, shake blue or green integrated mode produces the problem that also existence is made charcoal, and also all there is same problem in the production of other regional green tea, black tea.
Tea Production relies on the bavin heat supply of making charcoal, can not promote the use of clean energy resource---electric energy, be unfavorable for energy-saving and emission-reduction, charcoal ash fouling and the green-making enviroment anoxic of making charcoal cause adverse effect, comprehensively do blue or green braziers heat supply and the combustion bavin completes tea leaf quality, can not realize the accurately control automatically of production process, transformation and the upgrading of Tea Production technology have been limited, be unfavorable for the standardization of Tea Production, to the stability generation harmful effect of tea leaf quality.Camellia district, Wuyi has implemented the rock tea industrialization key technology application and development of many Wuyi Mountains and research project, but green grass or young crops is done with the braziers heat supply by the unit that bears these projects.As seen the difficulty of this problem solution is very big really.Current Tea Production changes bavin and changes carbon, and emphasis is to make a breakthrough in practicable key technology.
Current Tea Production changes the major technique obstacle analysis that bavin changes carbon:
Newly developed area, Wuyi oolong tea and black tea manufacture, along with the variation of production environment and the raising of labor cost, corresponding variation has also appearred in power consumption mode and centrostigma in the production.The combustion bavin is made charcoal seriously to be present in and is done blue or green and (comprising black tea manufacture) two links that complete.Low in the first drying processed link efficient of making charcoal of leaking water, most of tea enterprise uses dryer, is fuel with coal or oil, can promote the charcoal fire heating seldom employing on the contrary that tea leaf quality promotes.
The first, do blue or green link and rely on the heat supply basic reason of making charcoal:
Doing green grass or young crops is the critical process that forms the mellow quality of oolong tea fragrance.Fujian Province successively development and popularization the drum-type green making machine, producing the leading equipment of using at present, main model has 6CZ-2-100 type, 6CZ-92-120 type etc., these all are the products of the 1970s and 1980s in 20th century, model the earliest just is applied in shakes on the blue or green cool green grass or young crops, do not have big variation on the product structure, but title is because of its function expansion generation respective change.
The cool blue or green beach leaf that withers turns over that leaf is time-consuming, and it is very big to take up room, along with labor cost improve and production site more and more nervous, solar wither ratio in the north of Fujian Province oolong tea is produced is fewer and feweri; The north of Fujian Province Changes in weather in spring is big in addition, spring tea cloudy day rainy day in season is many, the tea enterprise big except minority adopts tea leaf tedder and withering trough to wither, the medium and small tea enterprise operation of withering generally all is placed on the green making machine and finishes, oolong bitter edible plant producing region, the north of Fujian Province is adopted withering of time and labour saving to shake the integral type of drying in the air and is done green grass or young crops, namely withers, shakes green grass or young crops, air blue and all carry out in green making machine.Now the south of Fujian Province Cha Qu spring tea produces also changing and coolly shakes the traditional processing mode that splits, and adopts withering of time and labour saving more to shake the integral type of drying in the air and does green grass or young crops.Therefore these type green making machines also are called comprehensive green making machine now, have in performance wither, cool blue or green, shake blue or green three kinds of effects.Structurally the comprehensive green making machine of drum-type adopts inside and outside two-layer binocular structure, generally by outer rotaring tube, be fixed in ventilator in the outer rotaring tube, blower fan, heater, frame etc. and form.Internal layer cylinder is used for air-supply, and the exhaust vent that gathers on the cylindrical shell, outer layer barrel be densely covered exhaust vent also, has the characteristics of Uniform Ventilation; Outer rotating cylinder is used for the storage leaf and shakes green grass or young crops.Heat-supplying mode adopts at air inlet and places braziers, or at air inlet electric heater unit is set, and is used for hot blast and withers, or do heating of blue or green process.
According to incompletely statistics, comprehensive green making machine uses the ratio of braziers heat supply surprisingly high in tea district, newly developed area, Wuyi, and green grass or young crops is done with electrical heating by Co., Ltd except the U.S. Tea Industry in source, Wuyi Mountain, and all the other substantially all are to use the braziers heat supply.It is exactly the comprehensive green making machine of buying originally that electric heating function is arranged, the user also partly removes electrical heating, the braziers heat supply accounts for and accounts for 50000 (incomplete statistics data) comprehensive more than 99% of green making machine recoverable amount altogether, does not adopt Electric heating or other clean energy resourcies of cleaning basically.Cause the basic reason of this situation to be:
Comprehensive green making machine is in blowing hot-air withers operation, because intake is big, wither temperature requirement 32-40 degree centigrade (University Of Agriculture and Forestry In Fujian and Wuyishan City immortality rock tea processing factory " foundation and the enforcement of Wuyi cliff tea preliminary working standard practice instructions "), wither 40 to 60 minutes time, require very high to the heat supply heat.The north of Fujian Province spring tea produces season, and the low Changes in weather of temperature is big, and cloudy day rainy day is many, requires higher to heat supply heat peak value.In oolong tea producing region, the north of Fujian Province, adopt the electrical heating heat supply, throwing leaf amount is the comprehensive green making machine about 180 kilograms, in 40 to the 60 minutes time of withering, the configuration of separate unit peak power will run into the blue or green 25 kilowatts of heating powers of rainwater and all not reach requirement about 20 kilowatts.Finishing a green grass or young crops, to do blue or green process time long, and production efficiency is lower, so the comprehensive green making machine quantity of each enterprise is equipped with very greatly, and general medium-scale tea enterprise is equipped with quantity all about the 20-30 platform.There are 60 of comprehensive green making machines in enterprise as the large-scale tea in Wuyishan City, the tea of scale is looked forward to like this, and only comprehensive green making machine electrical heating electric power disposes just more than 1300 kilowatts, and its supply transformer capacity has only 400 kilowatts, use electrical heating to do green grass or young crops, carry out large-scale redevelopment to distribution.
With regard to the rural area of large tracts of land distribution tea enterprise, the Tea Production seasonality is very strong, concentrate on a wheat harvesting period every year, electricity consumption can not require configuration according to the peak power of Tea Production short-term, and the distribution of current thumping majority Tea Processing zone and Tea Processing enterprise all can't satisfy electrical heating and comprehensively do blue or green requirement.
The second, the link that completes still selects to burn bavin heat supply reason:
Complete and also claim fried green.Purpose is to utilize high temperature to destroy the enzymatic activity of doing in the leafiness rapidly, fixedly does blue or green quality, distributes part moisture, simultaneously by the green grass gas in the heat chemistry effect removal " leafiness ", and development fragrance.The red pot of mistake in black tea manufacture operation, green tea also will use green-keeping machine before drying.Equipment kind and the model of completing at present is a lot, and the energy consumption mode is also varied.
The link production efficiency height because complete, the relative green making machine of tea enterprise green-keeping machine configuration quantity is still less looked forward to large-scale tea, and it is not the principal element of considering that peak power is impacted electrical network.But from contrasts such as cost, energy consumption cost, simplified control, make one's options.Most of tea enterprises and specialist are in the early stage of development, general selection is exactly to fire wood stove kitchen range formula green-keeping machine, and the fact also is so, and the Wuyi cliff tea producing region is originally in the green-keeping machine configuration, except only a few tea enterprise uses combustion gas green-keeping machine, the fuel oil green-keeping machine, cooking stove formula combustion bavin green-keeping machine is the first-selection that medium and small tea is looked forward to.In the scope of newly developed area, Wuyi, the bavin of cooking stove formula combustion now green-keeping machine is possessed ratio and is connect more than 95% according to incompletely statistics.Will allow the tealeaves producer give up original combustion bavin green-keeping machine now, it is very difficult purchasing new green-keeping machine, unless the very alternative transformation way of simple economy is arranged.Other regional tea green-keeping equipment also face same problem.
In sum, solve under current rural power grids load, Tea Production is comprehensively done green grass or young crops, the link that completes is used clean energy resource---electric energy, is the current problem that presses for solution in tealeaves producing region, newly developed area, Wuyi.Also all there is same problem in other tealeaves producing regions.Addressing these problems the key technology that must obtain on the Tea Processing technical equipment breaks through.
The previous round projects to upgrade rural power grids are finished, and the distribution general layout basically forms, and most tealeaves are concentrated processing district net capacity deficiency; A lot of too small, set distribution facility capacity of Tea Processing scope of the enterprise are very little, all cause the heating electricity consumption that can't directly load and comprehensively do green grass or young crops, complete.Gather as Wuyishan City rock tea village school large-scale production enterprise, the Cao Dun village also is like this.With regard to the rural area of large tracts of land distribution tea enterprise, the Tea Production seasonality is very strong, concentrates on a wheat harvesting period every year, and having formed distribution does not all have to require configuration according to the peak power of Tea Production short-term.As the emerging Tian Town hole Xiao Ying of rock tea specialist 20 comprehensive green making machines are arranged, electrical heating is comprehensively done blue or green lowest power and is needed 500 kilowatts, 100 kilowatts of transformer capacities.Most typical example is that rock tea village, Wuyishan City repeatedly installs transformer additional, 1600 kilowatts of existing four transformer total capacities, the comprehensive green making machine of Quan Cunyou is more than 1000, and electrical heating is comprehensively done blue or green lowest power more than 18000 kilowatts, and total capacity and demand differ more than 10 times.The present distribution in rock tea village does not say that satisfying electrical heating comprehensively does green grass or young crops, is exactly that the power electricity consumption is all very nervous.
Current by the distribution engineering transformation of tea enterprise being solved the combustion bavin of industry in the producing problem of making charcoal, the very big difficulty that exists: comprehensively do green grass or young crops, when completing the electricity consumption peak value, general area Tea Production electric power in season is big several times than usual, and the Tea Processing concentration zones will be than usual greatly to more than 10 times.No matter and at village level electrical network can't bear the heavy load, be exactly the good region of electrical network condition, also the distribution capacity-expansion project has high input, difficulty is big because carry out, and it is very low that enterprise transforms enthusiasm.Simultaneously, Tea Production is seasonal strong, high-power distribution only short-term use and the most of the time idle, open circuit loss and load loss are all very big, overburden for business economic, and most manufacturing enterprises represent, can not solve the problem that the combustion bavin is made charcoal by the mode of distribution being carried out the secondary transformation, carry out the distribution transformation investment except non-government investment helps enterprise, obviously this approach is impracticable in a very long period.
Thereby putting before this, emphatically to the existing accent that withers, do green grass or young crops, the equipment that completes effectively improves, this is that present Tea Production bavin changes the realization approach that electrical carbon changes electric unique reality.Emphasis is that to stress to develop the cost use cost be enterprise's green grass or young crops equipment that completes of doing that accept, that make the electricity consumption clean energy resource, that particularly be complementary with current electrical network configuration than low energy.
I am at before " the comprehensive green making machine of environment-friendly and energy-efficient oolong tea " (application number: 201210272312.9,201220379999.1) in the patent application, proposed the comprehensive green making machine of a kind of novel oolong tea, solved the comprehensive green making machine charcoal of current tealeaves and changed electric problem.In this application technique scheme is improved cleverly, realized the great expansion of function, on a machine, can realize
Tealeaves wither accent, do green grass or young crops, completeFunction, and be applicable to any tealeaves the accent that withers, do green grass or young crops, complete.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind ofly under current rural power grids condition, can use the tealeaves of clean energy resource electric energy to wither to transfer and make the green grass or young crops all-in-one that completes.For realizing purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme of taking is:
Use the tealeaves of clean energy resource to wither to transfer and make the green grass or young crops all-in-one that completes, comprise the drum-type green making machine, to the heat-storing device of drum-type green making machine heat supply, it is characterized in that: described heat-storing device is a kind of heat-storing device with explosion type thermal output function, and its implementation is that described heat-storing device arranges to the sprayer unit of thermal store atomized water spray.
The technical program can not change under the condition of distribution substantially, realize simultaneously to Tea Production wither accent, do green grass or young crops and the link that completes in charcoal change electricity, Chai Gaidian.
(1), as comprehensive green making machine (wither to be in harmonious proportion and do blue or green function): heat-storing device is operated in general thermal output state, and does not work to the sprayer unit of thermal store atomized water spray in the heat-storing device, and thermal store institute quantity of heat storage is carried out heat exchange by air.
This technical scheme can solve the excessive problem of drum-type green making machine electrical heating power peak value, as before doing green grass or young crops, with 4 kw of power thermal store was heated 5 hours earlier, but 20 kilowatts of heat accumulations, and heating power is 5 kilowatts when doing green grass or young crops, be equivalent to green making machine and realized 25 kilowatts heating power, 25 kilowatts heating power, be reduced to 5 kilowatts, reduce heating peak power 75%, if preheating time is longer, the heating peak power will further reduce.This kind mode of heating generally can effectively reduce heating its peak work 50% to 85%, can the distribution of most of enterprise not transformed substantially, just can use electric energy as comprehensively doing the blue or green energy.This is that the north of Fujian Province Tea Production realizes the technological approaches of unique reality that comprehensive green making machine carbon changes in the quite long period.Many tea enterprises and Tea Processing production specialist comprehensively do green grass or young crops and change the carbon mode and approve this, expect that this technical products can be that the user is used early.This technical scheme can not only effectively realize the carbon that changes of comprehensive green making machine under current distribution condition, other modes relatively have the huge realistic meaning of small investment, instant effect, good energy-conserving effect.
Be analyzed as follows: as about 50000 of the comprehensive green making machine recoverable amounts of newly developed area, Wuyi tealeaves, if adopt direct Electric heating transformation, 20 kilowatts of every comprehensive green making machine heating powers, install additional 20 kilowatts the electric heater investment with install heat-storing device investment of the present invention additional quite.But necessary 1000000 kilowatts of the total distribution power that increase are equivalent to install additional 1000 1000 kilowatts distribution transformer, need to increase nearly 500,000,000 yuan of investment, several ten million yuan of 1000 1000 kilowatts of distribution transformers open circuit loss electricity charge in every year.
It is like this too to change in the electricity effect at the comprehensive green making machine charcoal of other regional tealeaves.
(2) as tea water-removing machine.The heat-storing device thermal output is in maximum rating, and in the heat-storing device to the sprayer unit work of thermal store atomized water spray, thermal store institute quantity of heat storage is carried out heat exchange by water smoke and air gas mixture.Water smoke and Air mixing have increased the temperature difference between pyroconductivity, specific heat capacity and thermal store surface and the inside, can conduct more heat, realize explosion type thermal output function, and the hot gas of output can reach the required temperature of tea green-keeping.
This technical scheme makes original comprehensive green making machine possess the function of green-keeping machine simultaneously, and need not to dispose separately the equipment of completing again.Also make the hot blast that enters green-keeping machine have certain humidity, tealeaves is difficult for burnt limit in the process of completing, and more is conducive to improve the quality that completes of tealeaves.Not only can effectively realize burning the transformation of bavin green-keeping machine in this way, and compare more investment-saving with other modes.As transforming existing at least one ten thousand burning bavin green-keeping machines in the scope of newly developed area, Wuyi, the north of Fujian Province, by average 30,000 yuan of calculating of every novel green-keeping machine, at least to drop into 300,000,000 yuan, adopt this technical scheme, as long as install the described heat-storing device of the technical program additional comprehensively doing green grass or young crops, just make comprehensive green making machine possess the green-keeping machine function, finish existing 10,000 burning bavin green-keeping machines transformation in the scope of newly developed area, Wuyi, the north of Fujian Province, can save down the investment of at least 3 hundred million element devices.The green-keeping machine of this mode that completes is equally applicable to completing of other tealeaves such as green tea, and it is like this too to change in the electricity effect at other regional tea water-removing machines.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 isUse the tealeaves of clean energy resource to wither to transfer and make the green grass or young crops all-in-one machine structure schematic diagram that completes;
Fig. 2 is to use the tealeaves of clean energy resource to wither to transfer and does the green grass or young crops a kind of heat-storing device structural representation with explosion type thermal output function in the all-in-one that completes, for along the sprayer unit nozzle shaft to partial cross sectional views;
Fig. 3 is that thermal store is piled up the heat-storing device structural representation that constitutes by electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate concrete plate, is the cut away view perpendicular to electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate concrete plate direction.
Among the figure,
The 1st,Has explosion type thermal output function
Heat-storing device, the 2nd, drum-type green making machine air inlet, the 3rd, air-supply arrangement (air blast), the 4th, drum-type green making machine transmission device, the 5th, driving motor, the 6th, the dark brownish green handling door of drum-type green making machine, the 7th, drum-type green making machine inner core ventilator, the 8th, the outer cylinder of drum-type green making machine, the 9th, drum-type green making machine frame, the 10th, the thermal store in the heat-storing device, the 11st, heat-storing device heat exchange air inlet, the 12nd, heat-storing device heat exchange air outlet, the 13rd, the heat accumulation ball of formation thermal store, the 14th, heat-storing device insulation shell, the 15th, electric heating device, the 16th, heat exchange air gap between the heat accumulation ball, the 17th, bracing frame, the 18th, the nozzle of sprayer unit, the 19th,Adjacent two electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate concrete slab interblocks form hot switching path, the 20th, electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate concrete plate.
The specific embodiment
Describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Accompanying drawing 1 has provided a kind ofUse the tealeaves of clean energy resource to wither to transfer and make the green grass or young crops all-in-one that completes, comprise the drum-type green making machine, to the heat-storing device (1) of drum-type green making machine heat supply, it is characterized in that: described heat-storing device (1) is a kind of heat-storing device with explosion type thermal output function, its implementation is that described heat-storing device (1) arranges to the sprayer unit of thermal store (10) atomized water spray, i.e. relative thermal store (10) device of the sprayer unit of atomized water spray (18).
Described heat-storing device (1) structure with explosion type thermal output function is: arrange to the sprayer unit (18) of thermal store (10) atomized water spray, thermal store (10) installs in insulation shell (14), thermal store has hot switching path in (10).
Accompanying drawing 2,3 provides two kinds of thermal store structures with heat-storing device (1) of explosion type thermal output function.Wherein a kind of: thermal store (10) is built the heat-storing device with explosion type thermal output function (1) that constitutes by heat accumulation ball (13) heap: thermal store (10) is built by heat accumulation ball (13) heap and is constituted, and device some electric heating devices (15), heat-storing device (1) air inlet arrange to the sprayer unit (18) of heat accumulation ball (13) atomized water spray in heat accumulation ball (13) heap.In this structure, the hot switching path in the thermal store (10) is the heat exchange air gap (16) that constitutes between heat accumulation ball (13).The selection of thermal store (10) is diversified, as employing the electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate coagulation body of electric pyrogenicity function is arranged, and conductive and heat-conductive is stainless steel fibre and graphite mutually, the inner distributed heat of electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate coagulation body interchange channel; Or as shown in Figure 3, adopt electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate concrete plate (20) to be piled into thermal store (10), two end device current electrodes of every electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate concrete plate (20).Form hot switching path (19) between adjacent two electric pyrogenicity heat accumulation perhafnate concrete plates (20).No matter adopt the thermal store of which kind of structure, principle is the same, does not describe in detail one by one.
The first, as comprehensive green making machine (wither to be in harmonious proportion and do blue or green function): the heat-storing device (1) with explosion type thermal output function is operated in general thermal output state, and the sprayer unit (18) to thermal store (10) atomized water spray is not worked, and thermal store (10) institute quantity of heat storage is carried out heat exchange by air.
The second, as tea water-removing machine.Heat-storing device (1) thermal output with explosion type thermal output function is in maximum rating, and to sprayer unit (18) intermittent running of thermal store (10) atomized water spray, thermal store (10) institute quantity of heat storage is carried out heat exchange by water smoke and air gas mixture.Water smoke and Air mixing have increased pyroconductivity and specific heat capacity, and the temperature difference between thermal store surface and the inside, can conduct more heat in moment, realize explosion type thermal output function, and the hot gas of output can reach the required temperature of tea green-keeping.When completing, in order to reduce heat-energy losses, improve the thermal efficiency, can suitably improve existing drum-type green making machine, as dwindle the size of existing drum-type green making machine urceolus air vent and density, at drum-type green making machine urceolus brushing insulating mold coating.For original drum-type green making machine, install dismountable current limliting cover that the fabric making of certain density air vent is arranged, at drum-type green making machine urceolus brushing insulating mold coating.
Adopt the tealeaves of the use clean energy resource of this operation principle to wither to transfer and do green grass or young crops and complete in the all-in-one; the structure of heat-storing device (1) can be diversified; the structure of thermal store (10) also is diversified; no matter adopt which kind of structure; defined mode of mixing by water smoke and air realizes heat-storing device explosion type thermal output function as long as this device has the present invention, all falls into protection scope of the present invention.