CN103321182B - Circular arc-shaped ecological retaining dam and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Circular arc-shaped ecological retaining dam and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103321182B CN103321182B CN201310220204.1A CN201310220204A CN103321182B CN 103321182 B CN103321182 B CN 103321182B CN 201310220204 A CN201310220204 A CN 201310220204A CN 103321182 B CN103321182 B CN 103321182B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circular arc-shaped ecological retaining dam. The circular arc-shaped ecological retaining dam comprises a retaining dam body (3). The retaining dam body (3) comprises an upstream face (1), a downstream face (2), a top face (4) and a bottom face (5). The upstream face (1) and the downstream face (2) are both outwards-protruded arc faces. The circular arc-shaped ecological retaining dam is simple in structure and meanwhile guarantees the running water supply of a riverway. Besides, multi-stage flow velocity zones can be formed in front of and at the back of the dam, so that water self-purification can be improved, and good unban ecological environment can be continuously improved and maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of check dam, particularly a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam, belongs to check dam and builds technical field.
Background technology
Along with the raising of socioeconomic development and living standards of the people, the requirement of people to its dwelling environment is increased day by day.Urban river occupies an important position on maintenance urban ecological environment, and the quality of river water environmental affects city environmental quality.But traditional dredging waterway is mainly to control flood and drain flooded fields, often have ignored the biotic environment function in river self, comprising: the passing of silt, habitat function, the depollution of environment, the structure of maintenance natural ecosystems and process etc.
In the Urban River Restoration in modern times, usually build the barrage such as rubber dam, gate dam building.Building barrage building can make the eco-environmental conditions in river course change, and this change has duality, namely can cause positive influences and negative effect.Positive influences aspect: construction is blocked water buildings and can be ensured irrigation water supply needs; Dwelling environment can be improved; Irrigated area weather can be regulated; Can prevent erosion, negative effect aspect: construction is blocked water buildings and river water water quality can be made to change, and then causes water body its purification ability to reduce, water pollution aggravates; Fish passage can be blocked, made two packing spaces sexual involution; Choke water before making dam, flow velocity reduces, and forms inner lead, and then occurs that dam body upper river deposits, the black numerous environmental problems etc. such as smelly of water quality.
At present, be utilize upstream current to flow through aeration in barrage building process in the main path of pollution of river Water quality restoration, accelerate water reoxygenation process, increase the level of the appearance solution oxygen in water body, recover the vigor of aerobe in water body, and then water body its purification ability is strengthened to some extent.But adopt the method can only act on to some extent the water body purification in one section of river course near dam body downstream, the problem of environmental pollution of dam body upper river still can not effectively be solved.In addition, in order to meet the dam requirement excessively of fish, and the object of sediment transport can be realized in flood season, usually at the bottom of dam, design fish hole, but, fish hole is generally the plastic pipe or the concrete pipe that adopt different tube diameters, in order to ensure safety of dam body, its pipe diameter size is limited, is very easily blocked by upstream foreign material and mud, because its design is at the bottom of dam, to be also more difficultly found.
Along with the expansion of the function in river, the factor that river improvement will be considered increases greatly, and traditional river regulation can not meet the needs of river sustainable development.So, carry out and take into account river channel ecology problem, adopt three-dimensional and diversification to carry out barrage Building Design, there is certain social benefit.
Application number is: the patent of invention of 201110448113.4 discloses a kind of ecological water retaining dam, as shown in Figure 1, whole dam body comprises Earth-rockfill Dam, timber ruggedized construction and isolation bamboo raft three part, Earth-rockfill Dam is double-decker, internal layer is packed clay, skin is packed rubble, and timber ruggedized construction ensures the safety and firmness of dam body, and isolation bamboo raft plays the effect of reinforcing and isolating disturbance.In the invention, though the function that described ecological water retaining dam can reach interception water body, controlling water level and purify water, but because above-mentioned ecological water retaining dam has multiple ingredient, and also non-integral connection between each ingredient, therefore, not only complex structure, and under the prerequisite of Long-Time Service, there is the risk be separated between structure with structure, lose the central role of ecological water retaining dam.
Therefore, design one can not only meet river sustainable development and the simple barrage building of structure, becomes those skilled in the art's problem demanding prompt solution.
The information being disclosed in this background of invention technology part is only intended to deepen the understanding to general background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as admitting or imply in any form that this information structure has been prior art known in those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect for existing in prior art, proposing the ecological barrage of a kind of circular arc.
Meanwhile, present invention also offers a kind of construction method of the circular arc ecological water retaining dam solved the problem.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam of the present invention, comprise check dam body, described check dam body comprises upstream face, back side, end face and bottom surface, and described upstream face and described back side are circular arc camber.Upstream face is outwardly circular arc camber, and current obstruction area is large, and be conducive to dam body upstream and choke water, and back side is also circular arc camber, forms more stable hydraulic jump under can making dam, effect of energy dissipation is good, can reduce washing away of underwater bed.
Preferably, described upstream face place radius of a circle R1 is equal with described back side place radius of a circle R2.
Preferably, described upstream face and described back side are symmetrical relative to the axis in the vertical section of described circular arc check dam.
Preferably, the radius of a circle R1 at described upstream face place and the radius of a circle R2 at described back side place is 1.1 ~ 1.2 times of described check dam height H.
Preferably, the half R of the width of described bottom surface is equal with described upstream face place radius of a circle R1 or described back side place radius of a circle R2.
Preferably, the width of described end face 4
r is a half width of described bottom surface 5, H be height of dam wherein.
Preferably, the length L1 of described check dam is shorter than described river width L.
Preferably, the length L1 of described check dam is 80% ~ 90% of described river width L, and one end of described check dam contacts with a bank in described river course.Dam body arranges opening relative to river course one bank, and a upland water part can be flowed out by opening, makes the long-term Channel Group in river course, reduces the formation of dam body upstream mud, is also that the planktons such as the fish in river course provide passage.
Another technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of construction method of circular arc ecological water retaining dam, comprises the steps:
Select position, riverbed to build circular arc ecological water retaining dam, the river width of the position, riverbed of addressing is L;
Determine that the height of circular arc ecological water retaining dam dam body is H;
Build upstream face and the back side of circular arc ecological water retaining dam, described upstream face and back side are arc-shaped surface;
Build bottom surface and the end face of circular arc ecological water retaining dam;
Build the length of circular arc ecological water retaining dam, the length L1 of described circular arc check dam is shorter than described river width L.
Preferably, described upstream face place radius of a circle is R1, and described back side place radius of a circle is R2, R1=R2=(1.1 ~ 1.2) * H, the half R=R1=R2 of the width of described bottom surface, the width B of described end face meets
Preferably, the length (L1) of described circular arc check dam is 80% ~ 90% of described river width L.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam provided by the invention, described circular arc ecological water retaining dam build is simple, and the current obstruction area of the circular arc camber of dam body upstream face wants large compared with plane or tapered plane, to upstream to choke water effect better; And the back side of dam body is also circular arc camber, after making dam, current form more stable hydraulic jump, and effect of energy dissipation is better; Dam body length of the present invention is 80% ~ 90% of river width, river course one bank is provided with an opening, and the length of opening is 10% ~ 20% of river width, is conducive to the circulating water supply in river course, the alluvial of silt before reduction dam, also for the planktons such as river course Mesichthyes provide passage; Meanwhile, multistage flow rate region can be formed in the front and back on dam, improve the detergent power of water body self, the formation of body eutrophication can be reduced, and then adapt to the existence of different aquatic organism in river course; On the basis that the present invention not only meets traditional river regulation but also structure is simple, the sustainable development that can promote city river, constantly improve and safeguard the ecological environment that city is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is check dam of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the top view of a kind of circular arc check dam of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal plan of a kind of circular arc check dam of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is velocity profile on cross section before and after the circular arc imperforation check dam dam according to the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 5 is velocity profile on cross section before and after the circular arc opening check dam dam according to the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 6 is velocity profile on cross section before and after the circular arc imperforation check dam dam according to the embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 7 is velocity profile on cross section before and after the circular arc opening check dam dam according to the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Below technical solution of the present invention is described in detail, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.
The invention provides the environmental check dam of a kind of circular arc, its top view as shown in Figure 2, comprises check dam body 3, and check dam body 3 comprises upstream face 1, back side 2, end face 4 and bottom surface 5.The longitudinal plan of described check dam as shown in Figure 3, the closed quadrangle that two parallel lines that two sections of circular curves that upstream face 1 and back side 2 are formed and end face 4 and bottom surface 5 are formed form.
The surface of end face 4 and bottom surface 5 can be any shape, the such as face of plane, inclined-plane, cascaded surface or uneven, and preferred end face 4 is the horizontal plane opposing parallel with bottom surface 5.
Upstream face 1 is circular arc camber, and described circular arc camber place radius of a circle is R1.Back side 2 is also circular arc camber, and described circular arc camber place radius of a circle is R2, and the preferred circular arc camber of described upstream face 1 and the circular arc camber of described back side 2 are symmetrical relative to the axis in the vertical section of described circular arc check dam, and, R1=R2.The radius of a circle at upstream face 1 place is the radius of a circle at R1 and back side 2 place is 1.1 ~ 1.2 times that R2 is described check dam height.The width of bottom surface 5 is 2 times of the circular arc camber place radius of a circle of upstream face 1.The width of end face 4
(R=R1=R2).
The length of check dam is less than the width in river course, the length of preferred check dam is 80% ~ 90% of river width, described check dam can put into the optional position in described river course, such as, river course central authorities put into by described check dam, the two ends of described check dam are not all contacted with two banks in described river course, thus stay between the two ends of described check dam and described river course and be convenient to the passage that fish cross dam and sediment transport in flood season, also described check dam can be made to be placed in the one side in described river course, namely one section of described check dam contacts with a bank in described river course, be preferably one end of described check dam to contact with a bank in described river course.
The construction method of above-mentioned circular arc ecological water retaining dam, comprises the steps:
(1) select position, riverbed to build check dam, the river width of the position, riverbed of addressing is L.
According to river course data, dam body is built in the less and position, geological conditions good riverbed of selected stabilization of river bed, riverbed width, thus determines dam site riverbed width L.
(2) determine that the height of check dam dam body is H.
According to the factor such as peak flood flow, design flood level in bed configuration, river course, determine the height H of dam body.
Step (1) and the check dam addressing in step (2) and the determination of dam body height are the same with the design of rubber dam, and design and builder can design according to actual the carrying out of corresponding design specifications incorporation engineering and build.
(3) build upstream face 1 and the back side 2 of check dam, upstream face 1 and back side 2 are arc-shaped surface, and upstream face 1 place radius of a circle is R1, and back side 2 place radius of a circle is R2, then R1=R2=(1.1 ~ 1.2) * H.
(4) bottom surface 5 and the end face 4 of check dam is built, the width D=2R1=2R2 of bottom surface 5, the width of end face 4
(R=R1=R2).
(5) build the length of check dam, the length L1 of check dam is 80% ~ 90% of river width L.
According to the shock-absorbing capacity of dam body underwater bed matter and the comprehensive water-using requirement etc. of dam body upstream, utilize computer numerical simulation or model testing, the length L1 of check dam compares in 80% ~ 90% of road width L, finally determines preferably check dam length L1.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is discussed in detail below by embodiment:
Embodiment 1, according to certain city river topographic(al) data, two sides, river course landform, peak flood flow, design flood level etc., reference rubber dam design specifications, selected dam body builds position, determines dam site place river width L=30.6m and dam body height H=2.7m.
After dam body height H is determined, two sections of circular curve place radius of a circle R in dam body vertical section are decided to be 3m.Now, the ratio between circular curve place radius of a circle R and the height H of dam body is 1.11.
Then, after dam body height H and circular curve place radius of a circle R are determined, just equal dam body height H with the distance of 5 at the bottom of 5 parallel dam crest 4 planes to dam at the bottom of dam, the width B=2.62m of dam crest 4 horizontal plane can be calculated.And the length of 5 is 2R=6m at the bottom of dam.
Then, the length of check dam is built, the length L1 of check dam and the width L in river course, L1=L=30.6m.
Namely obtain a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam by above-mentioned steps, before and after dam, the velocity profile in cross section is as shown in Figure 4 under certain operating mode for above-mentioned circular arc imperforation check dam.
Embodiment 2, the present embodiment provide a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam, its structure and construction method substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is: when determining the length L1 of check dam, and the length L1 of check dam is 80% ~ 90% of river width L.
According to flood control requirement, the shock-absorbing capacity of dam body underwater bed matter and the comprehensive water-using requirement etc. of dam body upstream, utilize computer numerical simulation, in 10% ~ 20% of river location width L, select several Opening length to compare, finally determine that preferably Opening length is 13.5% of dam body place river location width L, namely draws L0=4.1m.Then, the length L1=L-L0=26.5 of check dam.
Namely obtain a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam by above-mentioned steps, before and after dam, the velocity profile in cross section is as shown in Figure 5 under certain operating mode for the ecological opening check dam of above-mentioned circular arc.
Show through numerical simulation result, under difference carrys out water condition, above embodiment 1 and the ecological barrage of the circular arc described in example 2 with there is identical vertical section area compare with the trapezoidal check dam of the open-type of crest elevation and open-type rubber dam, upstream is choked water all maximum, and the amount of choking water contrast table is as shown in table 1.
Table 1: the variety classes dam type upstream amount of choking water (m under certain operating mode
3)
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | The trapezoidal check dam of open-type | Open-type rubber dam | |
| The amount of choking water | 6197000 | 6061000 | 5734500 | 5846850 |
When upland water is let out under circular arc back side, can form good hydraulic jump in the downstream of dam body, energy dissipating is better, and hydraulic jump performance comparison table is as shown in table 2:
Table 2: the Fr number of variety classes dam type contracted downstream section under certain operating mode
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Open-type rubber dam | |
| Hydraulic jump Fr number | 4.52 | 5.07 | 4.66 |
Embodiment 3, the present embodiment provide a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam, and its structure and construction method are:
According to certain city river topographic(al) data, two sides, river course landform, peak flood flow, design flood level etc., reference rubber dam design specifications, selected dam body builds position, determines the height H=2m of dam site place river width L=22.5m and dam body.
After dam body height H is determined, two sections of circular curve place radius of a circle R in dam body vertical section are decided to be 2.3m.Now, the ratio between circular curve place radius of a circle R and the height H of dam body is 1.15.
Then, after dam body height H and circular curve place radius of a circle R are determined, the dam crest plane parallel with at the bottom of dam equals dam body height H to the distance at the bottom of dam, can calculate the width B=2.27m of dam crest horizontal plane.And the length of 5 is 2R=4.6m at the bottom of dam.
Then, the length of check dam is built, the length L1 of check dam and the width L in river course, L1=L=22.5m.
Namely obtain a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam by above-mentioned steps, before and after dam, the velocity profile in cross section is as shown in Figure 6 under certain operating mode for the ecological imperforation check dam of above-mentioned circular arc.
Embodiment 4, the present embodiment provide a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam, its structure and construction method substantially the same manner as Example 3, difference is: when determining the length L1 of check dam, and the length L1 of check dam is 80% ~ 90% of river width L.
According to flood control requirement, the shock-absorbing capacity of dam body underwater bed matter and the comprehensive water-using requirement etc. of dam body upstream, utilize computer numerical simulation, in 10% ~ 20% of river location width L, select several Opening length to compare, finally determine that preferably Opening length is 11.5% of dam body place river location width L, namely draws L0=2.6m.Then, the length L1=L-L0=19.9m of check dam.
Namely obtain a kind of circular arc ecological water retaining dam by above-mentioned steps, before and after dam, the velocity profile in cross section is as shown in Figure 7 under certain operating mode for the ecological opening check dam of above-mentioned circular arc.
Show through numerical simulation result, under difference carrys out water condition, above embodiment 3 and the ecological barrage of the circular arc described in example 4 with there is identical vertical section area compare with the trapezoidal check dam of the open-type of crest elevation and open-type rubber dam, upstream is choked water all maximum, and contrast table is as shown in table 3:
Table 3: the variety classes dam type upstream amount of choking water (m under certain operating mode
3)
| Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | The trapezoidal check dam of open-type | Open-type rubber dam | |
| The amount of choking water | 4198700 | 4004550 | 3758000 | 3895500 |
When upland water is let out under circular arc back side, can form good hydraulic jump in the downstream of dam body, energy dissipating is better, and hydraulic jump performance comparison table is as shown in table 4:
Table 4: the Fr number of variety classes dam type contracted downstream section under certain operating mode
| Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Open-type rubber dam | |
| Hydraulic jump Fr number | 4.61 | 5.14 | 4.74 |
The design of the opening of dam body right bank, is conducive to the circulating water supply in river course.Simultaneously, the obvious step curve distribution (as Fig. 5 and Fig. 7) that flow velocity before and after dam becomes on cross section, itself and the flow velocity of the astomous circular arc check dam of the same type of right bank distribute more uniformly on cross section (as Fig. 4 with Fig. 6) compare, multilevel flow speed belt can be formed before and after dam body, the detergent power of water body self can be improved like this, effectively reduce the formation of body eutrophication, and then the existence of different aquatic organism in river course can be adapted to, be also that the planktons such as the fish in river course provide passage.
Above-described embodiment is for illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment.Those skilled in the art all without prejudice under spirit of the present invention and category, in claims, can modify to above-described embodiment.Therefore protection scope of the present invention, should cover as claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a circular arc ecological water retaining dam, comprise check dam body (3), described check dam body (3) comprises upstream face (1), back side (2), end face (4) and bottom surface (5), it is characterized in that, described upstream face (1) and described back side (2) are outwardly circular arc camber; On the vertical section of described check dam, two parallel lines that two sections of circular curves that described upstream face (1) and back side (2) are formed and end face (4) and bottom surface (5) are formed form closed quadrangle;
The length (L1) of described check dam is shorter than the width (L) in river course;
The length (L1) of described check dam is 80% ~ 90% of described river width (L), and one end of described check dam contacts with a bank in described river course.
2. circular arc ecological water retaining dam according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, dam body upstream face (1) arc radius (R1) intercepted along the vertical section of described check dam is identical with the arc radius (R2) of back side (2), and described upstream face (1) is symmetrical relative to the axis in the vertical section of described check dam with the circular arc of described back side (2).
3. circular arc ecological water retaining dam according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the arc radius (R2) of described dam body upstream face (1) arc radius (R1) and back side (2) is 1.1 ~ 1.2 times of height of dam (H).
4. circular arc ecological water retaining dam according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, a half width (R) of described bottom surface (5) is equal with described upstream face (1) arc radius (R1) or back side (2) arc radius (R2).
5. circular arc ecological water retaining dam according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the width B of described end face (4) meets following formula
wherein, R is a half width of described bottom surface (5), and H is height of dam.
6. a construction method for circular arc ecological water retaining dam, comprises the steps:
Select position, riverbed to build circular arc check dam, the river width of the position, riverbed of addressing is L;
Determine that the height of circular arc check dam dam body is H;
Build upstream face (1) and the back side (2) of circular arc check dam, the curve of the upstream face (1) that the vertical section of described circular arc check dam intercepts and back side (2) is circle arc curve; On the vertical section of described check dam, two parallel lines that two sections of circular curves that described upstream face (1) and back side (2) are formed and end face (4) and bottom surface (5) are formed form closed quadrangle;
Build bottom surface (5) and the end face (4) of circular arc check dam;
Build the length of circular arc check dam, the length (L1) of described circular arc check dam is shorter than the width (L) in river course, and the length (L1) of described circular arc check dam is 80% ~ 90% of described river width L.
7. the construction method of circular arc ecological water retaining dam according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the arc radius of described upstream face (1) is R1, the arc radius of described back side (2) is R2, R1=R2=(1.1 ~ 1.2) * H, the half R=R1=R2 of the width of described bottom surface (5), the width B of described end face (4) meets
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| CN201058987Y (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2008-05-14 | 周学军 | Low-water-noise low-lipper dam apparatus |
| CN102154999A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-08-17 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Diversion ecological spur dike |
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| CN102286957B (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-10-30 | 河海大学 | Environmental hydrophilic composite sea dike |
| CN203411945U (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2014-01-29 | 中国长江三峡集团公司 | Circular arc-shaped ecological water retaining dam |
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| CN201058987Y (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2008-05-14 | 周学军 | Low-water-noise low-lipper dam apparatus |
| CN102154999A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-08-17 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Diversion ecological spur dike |
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