CN103320674A - Carbide-carrying austempered ductile iron and quenching technology thereof - Google Patents
Carbide-carrying austempered ductile iron and quenching technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a carbide-carrying austempered ductile iron and a quenching technology thereof. Cr and B are added to an Mn-Si alloy, the carbide amount is properly increased, and inoculating deterioration treatment is carried out by using RE-B, so the carbide becomes a fine uniformly-distributed agglomerate to improve the hardness, the abrasion resistance, the hardenability and the toughness; and the addition of Sn and the increase of the Si amount are carried out to improve the potential of a matrix electrode, and the added Sn and the increased Si form a surface passivating film together with Cr to improve the corrosion resistance. The quenching technology of the carbide-carrying austempered ductile iron is step austempering and is characterized in that an austempered workpiece undergoes first-step austempering by using grading quenching oil to avoid the generation of pearlite, and then second-step austempering is carried out at a proper temperature in an air isothermal furnace to obtain a proper amount of fine lower bainite, increase the amount of tempered martensite, and improve the hardness and the abrasion resistance, so the carbide-carrying austempered ductile iron having the advantages of high strength and hardness, appropriate toughness, strong abrasion and corrosion resistances, good processing properties, easy precision guarantee and low cost is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallic substance heat treatment technics field, particularly relate to a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron and quenching technology thereof.
Background technology
In the prior art, the parts and components of many fluid machineries all has special requirement, the structural parts that need to have through machining and requirement high precision, high rigidity, high strength and proper toughness such as flow passage components such as the impeller of transh pump, pump cases, this is because this class formation spare is normally containing such as the similarly running work in the operating mode of hard particles and corrosive medium such as quartz sand, so that this class formation spare usually causes scrapping because of wearing and tearing or corrosion.As select stainless steel, nickelic corrosiron to make this class formation spare, although can satisfy corrosion resistant requirement, the material hardness of these materials, intensity are all lower and not wear-resisting; And select high chromium corrosiron to make this class formation spare, although anti-erosion performance is excellent, there is the problem that fragility is large, intensity is low in the material of this material.And the above-mentioned materials ubiquity that price is high, machinability is relatively poor, tooling cost is high, working accuracy is difficult to the problems such as assurance.
Austempored ductile iron of the prior art (ADI) refers to the cast iron materials that the spheroidal graphite cast iron of certain ingredients obtains after isothermal quenching technique thermal treatment.Have the good comprehensive mechanical performances such as high intensity, unit elongation and impact value, but also have higher bending fatigue strength and wear resistance.Austempored ductile iron of the prior art (ADI) typically uses traditional thermal treatment process, this thermal treatment process is to carry out means of isothermal quenching by the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride salt bath to obtain austempored ductile iron (ADI), the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride salt bath austempering technique of this austempored ductile iron (ADI), that spheroidal graphite cast iron is heated to austenitic state, use the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride salt bath quenching to iron body state isothermal processes difficult to understand after for some time through isothermal processes, then cooling obtains austempored ductile iron in air.As select present austempored ductile iron to make this class formation spare of the flow passage components such as the impeller of transh pump, pump case, hardness, resistance to abrasion and etch resistant properties are still inadequate, still need further improve, with the more high performance needs of these class formation spares such as flow passage components of satisfying transh pump.
And traditional austempering ductile iron need add expensive molybdenum (Mo) and nickel (Ni) and increase substantially its price.In traditional salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride salt bath austempering process treatment process, because salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride not only can produce a large amount of nitrite objectionable impuritiess when the melting, serious environment pollution, be detrimental to health, and the time of salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride melting and isothermal quenching is longer in the isothermal quenching technique treating processes, cause productivity low, production cost is high.
Chinese invention patent (patent No. is 200910088451.4) discloses " a kind of austempored ductile iron ploughshare and production method thereof with carbide ", the technical problem underlying that this technical scheme solves is traditional white pig iron, low chromium or rich chromium cast iron hardness is high and technical problem that toughness is low, the method that it adopts changes the composition of spheroidal graphite cast iron, it comprises the Chemical Composition of following weight percent: C3.40～3.80, Si2.20～2.80, Mn0.20～0.50, P≤0.03, S≤0.02, Mg0.03～0.04, Re0.01～0.02, Cr0.25～0.50, all the other are iron; Graphite metallographic structure in the described spheroidal graphite cast iron is: the nodularization rate is more than 2 grades, and the graphite size is more than 6 grades, graphite〉100/MM2; The matrix of described spheroidal graphite cast iron is: martensite+lower bainite+residual austenite+carbide; Described carbide＜20WT%.
Yet this spheroidal graphite cast iron corrosion resistance, machinability and hardening capacity are still very not enough, working accuracy is difficult to ensure card, therefore the still difficult requirement of satisfying on the material capability of these class formation spares such as flow passage components of making transh pump, and its heat treating method salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride isothermal quenching, cost is high, pollutes weight, poor-performing, efficient also not high.
Therefore, for existing problems of the prior art, need the band of a kind of high rigidity, the wear resistant corrosion resistant carbide austempored ductile iron technology that provides badly, and oligosaprobic band carbide isothermal quenching technique technology seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid weak point of the prior art and a kind of high rigidity, wear-resistant and anticorrosive strong and intensity is high, toughness is suitable, processing characteristics is good, working accuracy can guarantee, cost is low, pollution is few band carbide austempored ductile iron be provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.3 ~ 3.8%
P 0.01~0.05%
S 0.005~0.02%
Mg 0.025 ~ 0.045%
Re 0.015 ~ 0.03%
Sn 0.1~0.8%
Si 2.8~3.6%
Mn 1.5～2.8％
Cr 0.2~0.8%
B 0.02～0.08％
All the other are Fe.
Preferably, as follows with the weight percent content of the Sn in the carbide austempored ductile iron, Si, Mn, Cr and B,
Sn 0.3~0.5%
Si 3.0~3.4%
Mn 1.8～2.2％
Cr 0.4~0.6%
B 0.03～0.05％
Preferred, as follows with the weight percent content of the Sn in the carbide austempored ductile iron, Si, M n, Cr and B,
Sn 0.4%
Si 3.1%
Mn 2.0%
Cr 0.5%
B 0.04％
Preferably, described a kind ofly also comprise be used to breeding the rotten rare-earth-boron compound modifier of processing with the carbide austempored ductile iron, described rare-earth-boron compound modifier is 0.1 ~ 0.3% of described weight percent with the carbide austempored ductile iron.Increase the rare-earth-boron compound modifier carbide is bred rotten the processing, can obtain bulk or bulk carbide tiny, that be evenly distributed, effectively reduce fragility and further improve resistance to abrasion, guarantee enough intensity, toughness and the resistance to abrasions of product.Wherein, described rare-earth-boron compound modifier is 0.2% of described weight percent with the carbide austempored ductile iron.
Above, described matrix with the carbide austempored ductile iron is comprised of the component of following volume percent:
Lower bainite 50 ~ 70%
Tempered martensite 18 ~ 30%
Eutectic carbides 10 ~ 30%
Rich carbon austenitic 2 ~ 10%.
Preferably, described matrix with the carbide austempored ductile iron is comprised of the component of following volume percent:
Lower bainite 50 ~ 68%
Tempered martensite 20 ~ 30%
Eutectic carbides 10 ~ 28%
Rich carbon austenitic 2 ~ 9%.
Another object of the present invention is to avoid weak point of the prior art and a kind of low pollution, high rate/low cost production are provided, effectively make high rigidity, wear-resistant and anticorrosive strong, intensity is high, toughness is suitable, processing characteristics is good, working accuracy can guarantee the quenching technology with the carbide austempored ductile iron.
Another object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology includes following steps for using hierarchical quenching oil and air constant-temperature oven progressive austempering technique:
(1) workpiece is heated to austenitizing temperature, insulation is processed and is made austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into hierarchical quenching oil through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, and be cooled to martensite and begin below the transition temperature, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will take out from hierarchical quenching oil through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
Preferably, a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology includes following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 880 ~ 950 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 1.0 ~ 3.5h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 10 ~ 15 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 150 ~ 200 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 50 ~ 100 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 200 ~ 260 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
Preferred, a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology includes following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 900 ~ 930 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 2.0 ~ 3.0h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 12 ~ 13 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 160 ~ 180 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 70 ~ 90 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 220 ~ 240 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron, on Mn, Si alloy basis, by the chemical element composition of adjustment with the carbide austempored ductile iron, make it contain Sn 0.1 ~ 0.8%, Si 2.8 ~ 3.5%, Cr 0.2 ~ 0.8%, B 0.02～0.07%, owing to adding an amount of Cr and B with carbide content in the suitable adjustment heat treatment process, improving hardness, resistance to abrasion and hardening capacity.Simultaneously, add the Sn of trace and the content of increase Si with respect to prior art, with the common base electrode current potential that improved, and with Cr jointly forming passive film with the surface of carbide austempored ductile iron, strengthened resistance to abrasion and erosion resistance with the carbide austempored ductile iron.Use in addition 0.1 ~ 0.3% rare-earth-boron compound modifier that carbide is bred rotten the processing,, the lumps carbide that be evenly distributed tiny to obtain is to reduce fragility and further to improve resistance to abrasion.Band carbide austempored ductile iron hardness of the present invention is high, wear-resistant and erosion resistance is strong, intensity is high, toughness is suitable, processing characteristics is good, working accuracy can guarantee, cost is low.
(2) a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology, using hierarchical quenching oil to be quickly cooled to martensite the workpiece after the austenitizing isothermal processes begins below the transition temperature, effectively avoid pearlitic generation, and on the lower bainite basis that obtains an amount of fine acicular, increased the content of tempered martensite, further the hardness of Effective Raise product, and resistance to abrasion.
Simultaneously, the present invention adopts progressive austempering technique that workpiece is heat-treated, and makes the desirable band carbide austempored ductile iron of matrix, and this band carbide austempored ductile iron comprehensive mechanical performance is good, intensity б
b〉=700Mpa, impact toughness reaches α
k8 ~ 15J/cm
2, the workhardness before progressive austempering is processed is that HB250～330, processing characteristics are good, hardness reaches HRC56 ~ 62 after processing, because product is zero distortion or little distortion, therefore need not use expensive ground finish just can guarantee precision.
In addition, of the present invention a kind of with the carbide austempored ductile iron with hierarchical quenching oil and air constant-temperature oven progressive austempering technique with respect to traditional smoke of gunpowder isothermal quenching technique, can not produce a large amount of nuisances such as nitrite, the low pollution, safer and cost is low, high productivity.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described to utilize accompanying drawing, but the content in the accompanying drawing does not consist of any limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram with carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, include:
AB---be heated to the process of austenitizing temperature;
BC---insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
CD---oil quenching is put into hierarchical quenching oil with workpiece and is made workpiece reach the process that martensite begins the following temperature of transition temperature;
Bf---bainite transformation final temperature;
Ms---martensite begins transition temperature;
DE---the process of first step means of isothermal quenching;
EF---fuel-displaced, with the process of workpiece from the hierarchical quenching oil taking-up
FG---in the air constant-temperature oven, carry out the process of second stage isothermal processes;
GH---the process of air cooling to room temperature of coming out of the stove.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present embodiment comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.3 ~ 3.8%
P 0.01~0.05%
S 0.005~0.02%
Mg 0.025 ~ 0.045%
Re 0.015 ~ 0.03%
Sn 0.1~0.8%
Si 2.8~～3.6％
Mn 1.5～2.8％
Cr 0.2~0.8%
B 0.02～0.08％
All the other are Fe.
The present invention has adjusted the chemical element composition with the carbide austempored ductile iron, makes it
At Mn, Si alloyContain Sn 0.1 ~ 0.8%, Si 2.8 ~ 3.5%, Cr 0.2 ~ 0.8% on the basis, owing to adding an amount of Cr and B, with carbide content in the suitable adjustment heat treatment process, improve resistance to abrasion and hardening capacity.Simultaneously, micro-Sn and the content of Si have been added with respect to prior art, make Sn and Si jointly improve the base electrode current potential, and jointly form passive film on the surface with the carbide austempored ductile iron with Cr, strengthened the erosion resistance with the carbide austempored ductile iron.Band carbide austempored ductile iron cost of the present invention is low, high productivity, hardness is high, intensity is high, toughness is suitable, wear-resistant and erosion resistance is strong, and processing characteristics is good, working accuracy can guarantee.
In addition, in the present embodiment, above-mentionedly also comprise be used to breeding the rotten rare-earth-boron compound modifier of processing with the carbide austempored ductile iron, described rare-earth-boron compound modifier is 0.1 ~ 0.3% of described weight percent with the carbide austempored ductile iron.Workpiece is being heat-treated in the process, increase the rare-earth-boron compound modifier carbide is bred rotten the processing, can obtain bulk or bulk carbide tiny, that be evenly distributed, effectively reduce product fragility, guarantee intensity and the toughness that product is enough and further improve its resistance to abrasion.
Band carbide austempored ductile iron after heat treatment, its matrix is comprised of the component of following volume percent:
Lower bainite 50 ~ 70%
Tempered martensite 18 ~ 30%
Eutectic carbides 10 ~ 30%
Rich carbon austenitic 2 ~ 10%.
This richness carbon austenitic refers to be weight percentage 1.2 ~ 1.8% austenite of carbon content.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned with the carbide austempored ductile iron with quenching technologys such as hierarchical quenching oil and the classifications of air constant-temperature oven, as shown in Figure 1,
Be progressive austempering technique, include following steps: (1) is heated to austenitizing temperature (AB section) with workpiece, and insulation is processed and made austenite carbon saturated (BC section);
(2) will put into hierarchical quenching oil through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, and be cooled to martensite and begin transition temperature (Ms) following (CD section), carry out first step isothermal quenching (DE section);
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out (EF section) through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching (FG section) in the air constant-temperature oven, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than bainite transformation final temperature (Bf);
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling (GH section).
Above-mentioned workpiece starting material are spheroidal graphite cast iron, after heat treatment obtain being with the carbide austempored ductile iron.
This band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology, using hierarchical quenching oil to be quickly cooled to martensite the workpiece after the austenitizing isothermal processes begins below the transition temperature, effectively avoid pearlitic generation, and on the lower bainite basis that obtains an amount of fine acicular, increased the content of tempered martensite, the hardness of Effective Raise product, and wear resistance.
Simultaneously, the present invention adopts progressive austempering technique that workpiece is heat-treated, and makes the desirable band carbide austempored ductile iron of matrix, and this band carbide austempored ductile iron comprehensive mechanical performance is good, and hardness reaches HRC56 ~ 62, intensity б
b〉=700Mpa, impact toughness reaches α
k8 ~ 15J/cm
2, workhardness HB250～330 before progressive austempering is processed, processing characteristics is good, and hardness HRC56～62 after processing because of product zero distortion or little distortion, therefore need not adopt expensive ground finish, just can guarantee working accuracy.
In addition, of the present invention a kind of with carbide with hierarchical quenching oil and air constant-temperature oven austempored ductile iron quenching technology with respect to traditional smoke of gunpowder isothermal quenching technique, can not produce a large amount of nuisances such as nitrite, the low pollution, safer, and cost is low, high productivity, hardness and intensity is high, toughness is appropriate, processing characteristics is good, working accuracy easily guarantees.
Embodiment 2.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.5~3.7%
P 0.02~0.03%
S 0.005~0.01%
Mg 0.03~0.04%
Re 0.02~0.025%
Sn 0.3~0.5%
Si 3.0~3.2%
Mn 1.9～2.1％
Cr 0.4~0.6%
B 0.02～0.07％
RE-B 0.1~0.3%
All the other are Fe.
Above-mentioned RE-B is the rare-earth-boron compound modifier, and its component is the common practise of this area, is not described in detail in this.Band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention has added rare-earth-boron compound modifier (RE-B) carbide in the workpiece has been bred rotten the processing, can effectively reduce the fragility of product, guarantee intensity that it is enough and suitable toughness, further increase resistance to abrasion.
Matrix with the carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention is comprised of the component of following weight percent:
Lower bainite 50 ~ 70%
Tempered martensite 18 ~ 30%
Eutectic carbides 10 ~ 30%
Rich carbon austenitic 2 ~ 10%,
This matrix forms rationally, and good combination property can satisfy the demand of industrial high rigidity, resistance to abrasion and corrosion stability for the flow passage components such as transh pump impeller, pump case.
Simultaneously, a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron hierarchical quenching oil and air constant-temperature oven progressive austempering technique of the present invention include following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 880 ~ 950 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 1.0 ~ 3.5h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 10 ~ 15 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 150 ~ 200 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 50 ~ 100 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 200 ~ 260 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
In the thermal treatment process, after the chemical element composition is determined, austenitizing temperature and time and classification isothermal temperature and time are the principal elements that affects the workpiece substrate structure property, therefore, choose suitable processing parameter very large to matrix and performance impact with the carbide austempored ductile iron.The present embodiment adopts progressive austempering and suitable parameter, make that the band carbide austempored ductile iron that makes has that hardness is high, intensity is high, toughness is suitable, resistance to abrasion and erosion resistance is strong, processing characteristics well, working accuracy the advantage such as can guarantee.Simultaneously, the present invention is because adopting the low usefulness hierarchical quenching oil of cost and air constant-temperature oven without the progressive austempering technique of salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride, used alloying element all is cheap and amount is lacked, in hardening treatment on supporting tinuous production, effectively avoid the situation of workpiece deformation and oxidation to occur, and technical process need not carried out grinding precision work, has reduced processing step and relevant device, and efficient is high, cost is low.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among the embodiment 1, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 3.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.6%
P 0.0253%
S 0.008%
Mg 0.035%
Re 0.022%
Sn 0.4%
Si 3.1%
Mn 2.0％
Cr 0.5%
B 0.04％
RE-B 0.2%
All the other are Fe.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
This forms with the matrix of the carbide austempored ductile iron component by following weight percent:
Lower bainite 50 ~ 68%
Tempered martensite 20 ~ 30%
Eutectic carbides 10 ~ 28%
Rich carbon austenitic 2 ~ 9%.
Simultaneously, a kind of band carbide of the present invention austempored ductile iron quenching technology includes following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 900 ~ 930 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 2.0 ~ 3.0h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated, obtains rich carbon austenitic;
(2) will put into the progressive austempering oil that weight is 12 ~ 13 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 160 ~ 180 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 70 ~ 90 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching, obtain partial martensite;
(3) will from progressive austempering oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, obtain suitable lower bainite, tempered martensite; Wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, and its temperature is 220 ~ 240 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 4.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present embodiment comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.3%
P 0.035％
S 0.015％
Mg 0.025%
Re 0.015 %
Sn 0.1%
Si 2.8%
Mn 1.5％
Cr 0.2%
B 0.02％
RE-B 0.1%
All the other are Fe.
This forms with the matrix of the carbide austempored ductile iron component by following volume percent:
Lower bainite 60%
Tempered martensite 22%
Eutectic carbides 13%
Rich carbon austenitic 5%.
Simultaneously, a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology of the present invention includes following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 880 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 1.0h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 10 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 150 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 50 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, and wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 220 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or the embodiment 3, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 5.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present embodiment comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.8%
P 0.05%
S 0.02%
Mg 0.045%
Re 0.025%
Sn 0.8%
Si 3.5％
Mn 2.5％
Cr 0.8%
B 0.03％
RE-B 0.3%
All the other are Fe.
This forms with the matrix of the carbide austempored ductile iron component by following weight percent:
Lower bainite 50%
Tempered martensite 18%
Eutectic carbides 30%
Rich carbon austenitic 2%,
Simultaneously, a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology of the present invention includes following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 950 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 3.5h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 15 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 200 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 100 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, and wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 230 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or the embodiment 3, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 6.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.5%
P 0.01%
S 0.005%
Mg 0.03%
Re 0.015%
Sn 0.3%
Si 3.0%
Mn 1.8％
Cr 0.4%，
B 0.02％
All the other are Fe.
This forms with the matrix of the carbide austempored ductile iron component by following weight percent:
Lower bainite 70%
Tempered martensite 10%
Eutectic carbides 10%
Rich carbon austenitic 10%,
Simultaneously, a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology of the present invention includes following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 900 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 2.0h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 12 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 180 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 70 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, and wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 220 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or the embodiment 3, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 7.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.7%
P 0.03%
S 0.01%
Mg 0.04%
Re 0.025%
Sn 0.5%
Si 3.2%
Mn 2.2％
Cr 0.6%，
B 0.035
All the other are Fe.
This forms with the matrix of the carbide austempored ductile iron component by following weight percent:
Lower bainite 68%
Tempered martensite 20%
Eutectic carbides 11%
Rich carbon austenitic 9%.
Simultaneously, a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology of the present invention includes following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 930 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 3.0h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 13 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 180 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 90 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, and wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 240 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or the embodiment 3, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 8.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.5~3.7%
P 0.02~0.03%
S 0.005~0.01%
Mg 0.03~0.04%
Re 0.02~0.025%
Sn 0.3~0.5%
Si 3.0~3.2%
Mn 1.8～2.0％
Cr 0.4~0.6%，
B 0.02～0.04％
RE-B 0.1~0.3%
All the other are Fe.
This forms with the matrix of the carbide austempored ductile iron component by following weight percent:
Lower bainite 60%
Tempered martensite 20%
Eutectic carbides 15%
Rich carbon austenitic 5%.
Simultaneously, a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron quenching technology of the present invention includes following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 920 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 2.5h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 12.5 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 170 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 80 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, and wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 260 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or the embodiment 3, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 9.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present embodiment comprises the component of following weight percent,
C 3.3 ~ 3.8%
P 0.01~0.05
S 0.005~0.015
Mg 0.025 ~ 0.045%
Re 0.015 ~ 0.03%
Sn 0.1~0.8%
Si 3.6％
Mn 2.8％
Cr 0.2~0.8%
B 0.05%
All the other are Fe.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 10.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention, on the basis of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, its composition also comprises a kind of of V, Ti, W, La, Ce and Sn or more than one.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Embodiment 11.
A kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron of the present invention, be with the difference of embodiment 7, the weight percentage of V, Ti, W, La, Ce and Sn is respectively 0.03 ~ 0.58%, 0.012 ~ 0.032%, 0.007 ~ 0.971%, 0.005 ~ 0.023%, 0.003 ~ 0.3%.
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are basic identical, and the feature that does not lay down a definition in the present embodiment adopts the explanation among embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2, no longer gives unnecessary details at this.
Should be noted that at last; above embodiment only is used for technical scheme of the present invention being described but not limiting the scope of the invention; although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention has been done detailed description; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. be with the carbide austempored ductile iron for one kind, it is characterized in that: include the component of following weight percent content,
C 3.3 ~ 3.8%
P 0.01~0.05%
S 0.005~0.02%
Mg 0.025 ~ 0.045%
Re 0.015 ~ 0.03%
Sn 0.1~0.8%
Si 2.8~3.6%
Mn 1.5～2.8％
Cr 0.2~0.8％
B0.02～0.08％
All the other are Fe.
2. a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent content of Sn, Si, Mn, Cr and B is as follows,
Sn 0.3~0.5%
Si 3.0~3.4%
Mn 1.8～2.2％
Cr 0.4~0.6%
B 0.03～0.05％。
3. a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Sn, Si, Mn
,The weight percent content of Cr and B is as follows,
Sn 0.4%
Si 3.1%
Mn 2.0％
Cr 0.5%
B 0.04%。
4. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of band carbide austempored ductile irons, it is characterized in that: also comprise be used to breeding the rotten rare-earth-boron compound modifier of processing, described rare-earth-boron compound modifier is 0.1 ~ 0.3% of described weight percent with the carbide austempored ductile iron.
5. a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described rare-earth-boron compound modifier is 0.2% of described weight percent with the carbide austempored ductile iron.
6. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described a kind of band carbide austempored ductile irons, it is characterized in that: matrix is comprised of the component of following volume percent:
Lower bainite 50 ~ 70%
Tempered martensite 18 ~ 30%
Eutectic carbides 10 ~ 30%
Rich carbon austenitic 2 ~ 10%.
7. a kind of band carbide austempored ductile iron according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: matrix is comprised of the component of following volume percent:
Lower bainite 50 ~ 68%
Tempered martensite 20 ~ 30%
Eutectic carbides 10 ~ 28%
Rich carbon austenitic 2 ~ 9%.
8. quenching technology with the carbide austempored ductile iron, it is characterized in that: be usefulness hierarchical quenching oil and air constant-temperature oven progressive austempering technique such as the described a kind of quenching technology with the carbide austempored ductile iron of claim 1 to 7, include following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to austenitizing temperature, insulation is processed and is made austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into hierarchical quenching oil through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, and be cooled to martensite and begin below the transition temperature, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will take out from hierarchical quenching oil through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
9. the quenching technology of a kind of austempored ductile iron according to claim 5 is characterized in that: include following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 880 ~ 950 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 1.0 ~ 3.5h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 10 ~ 15 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 150 ~ 200 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 50 ~ 100 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 200 ~ 260 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
10. the quenching technology of a kind of austempored ductile iron according to claim 9 is characterized in that: include following steps:
(1) workpiece is heated to 900 ~ 930 ℃ of austenitizing temperatures, 2.0 ~ 3.0h is processed in insulation makes austenite carbon saturated;
(2) will put into the hierarchical quenching oil that weight is 12 ~ 13 times of the weight of workpiece through the workpiece that step (1) is processed, be cooled to 160 ~ 180 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 70 ~ 90 ℃/min, carry out first step isothermal quenching;
(3) will from hierarchical quenching oil, take out through the workpiece of step (2) first step means of isothermal quenching, send into and carry out second stage isothermal quenching in the air constant-temperature oven, temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is higher than the bainite transformation final temperature, wherein, the temperature in the described air constant-temperature oven is 220 ~ 260 ℃;
(4) will through the workpiece of step (3) second stage means of isothermal quenching as for air in naturally cooling.
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| CN103789603A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-14 | 宁国市中意耐磨材料有限公司 | Ausferrite nodular iron casting with adjustable performance and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103834854A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-04 | 上海宝华威热处理设备有限公司 | Isothermal quenching nodular cast iron roller for push-pull vehicle on heat treatment production line and production method thereof |
| CN103834854B (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2016-03-23 | 上海宝华威热处理设备有限公司 | A kind of austempering ductile iron running roller for heat-treatment production line push-and-pull vehicle and production method thereof |
| CN104264076A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-07 | 奥展实业有限公司 | Wearable nut and manufacture method thereof |
| CN104294182A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-21 | 奥展实业有限公司 | Embedded outer knurled nut and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105886946A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-24 | 芜湖德业摩擦材料有限公司 | Preparing method of brake pad friction block |
| CN105969948A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-09-28 | 白城北奥新材料科技有限公司 | Oil cooling isothermal quenching production method for high-performance austempered ductile iron |
| CN105969948B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-08-10 | 白城北奥新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of oil cooling isothermal hardening production method of high-performance austempered ductile iron |
| CN108559903A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-21 | 河南工程学院 | Cooling bainite ductile iron cylinder jacket of a kind of control and preparation method thereof |
| CN108559903B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2020-04-10 | 河南工程学院 | Cooling-controlled bainite nodular cast iron cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof |
| CN109112389A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-01 | 武汉纺织大学 | A kind of cooling technique for preparing austenic globe body of control |
| CN114231830A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-25 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | Nodular cast iron grinding ball and preparation method thereof |
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Denomination of invention: A kind of austempered ductile iron with carbide and its quenching process Effective date of registration: 20230208 Granted publication date: 20151021 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Maoming branch Pledgor: GAOZHOU CHUANGJIAN CASTING CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023980032206 |