CN103320637A - Light high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103320637A CN103320637A CN2012100755515A CN201210075551A CN103320637A CN 103320637 A CN103320637 A CN 103320637A CN 2012100755515 A CN2012100755515 A CN 2012100755515A CN 201210075551 A CN201210075551 A CN 201210075551A CN 103320637 A CN103320637 A CN 103320637A
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Abstract
A closed-cell foam aluminium alloy is disclosed by the invention, and comprises aluminium, calcium and scandium, wherein calcium accounts for 1.0%-4.5% by mass percent of the aluminium alloy, and scandium accounts for 0.05%-0.40% by mass percent of the aluminium alloy. A preparation method of the foam aluminium alloy comprises the following steps: firstly, heating and melting pure aluminium and an aluminium-scandium master alloy (scandium accounts for 1%-4% by mass percent of the aluminium-scandium master alloy) in a certain ratio, adding calcium accounting for 1.0%-4.5% by mass of the aluminium alloy, stirring for 3-15 min; secondly, keeping a temperature of 660 DEG C-700 DEG C, stirring uniformly; adding a foaming agent accounting for 1%-4% by mass percent of the aluminium alloy, stirring, insulating heat, foaming the aluminium alloy melt; thirdly, cooling the foam aluminium alloy melt, and obtaining the closed-cell foam aluminium alloy with a controlled porosity and a uniform cell structure; and finally properly heat-treating the closed-cell foam aluminium alloy, and obtaining the light high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy. The closed-cell foam aluminium alloy of the invention is improved in strength obviously, and especially after a heat process, the closed-cell foam aluminium alloy is even improved by at least 70% compared with the conventional foam aluminium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of foam aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of light-high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Foamed aluminium is a kind of novel aluminium based metal material that contains a large amount of even closed holes, owing to its unique physical structure possesses many excellent properties, has lightweight (ρ＜1), high specific strength and specific rigidity, possess again simultaneously the multifrequency natures such as sound insulation, heat insulation, fire-retardant, damping, impact energy absorb and electromagnetic shielding, realized the light multifunction of structured material, thereby be with a wide range of applications.In high-tech sectors such as space flight and aviation, the aluminum alloy foam sandwich structure has become the forward position focus of international material research as super light material especially.
At present, foamed aluminium is relatively low because of intensity, has greatly limited its application.Foamed aluminium mainly as functional materials, also has to be applied on a small quantity the motor car engine bearing carrier, but the intensity that more potential carrying is used foamed aluminium material has higher requirement.Usually closed-cell aluminum foam strengthens the method for closed-cell aluminum foam except the pore structure of optimizing foamed aluminium in the situation that do not increase weight, and also having another effective means is exactly matrix alloy.Further improve the mechanical property of closed-cell foam aluminium alloy and find out a kind of alloy strengthening mode that most of closed-cell foam aluminium alloy all is suitable for and seem very necessary.The interpolation of scandium element is very obvious to the strengthening effect in the closed-cell aluminum foam, and future is widely used.
Scandium is the very active metal of a kind of chemical property, easily with reactions such as airborne oxygen, carbonic acid gas, water, halogens.The research of scandium in aluminium alloy starts from 20 century 70s, and USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) has been done a large amount of research-and-development activitys in production and the application facet of scandium.Studies show that, add the intensity that Microamounts of Scandium can not only increase considerably aluminium alloy, and can also on the basis that keeps the alloy plasticity and toughness, significantly improve hot workability, cold-workability, erosion resistance and the weldability of alloy.The grain-size that adds the aluminium alloy of an amount of Sc can be refined to 15 ~ 40 μ m.This scandium-aluminium alloy that contains can increase substantially recrystallization temperature, and significantly improves its intensity.The embrittlement phenomenon that scandium can avoid aluminium alloy to occur under the long term high temperature effect.Scandium can make weld grain organize remarkable refinement, thereby reduces the proneness that the crack forms, and improves the welding property of aluminium alloy.Scandium can significantly improve anti-intergranular cracking and the anticorrosive cracking of aluminium alloy and weld seam.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the preparation method of a kind of light-high-strength, high rate of finished products closed-cell foam aluminium alloy.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of high-strength light closed-cell foam aluminium alloy, comprise aluminium, calcium, scandium, and wherein, the mass percent that calcium accounts for aluminium alloy is 1% ~ 4.5%, the mass percent that scandium accounts for aluminium alloy is 0.05% ~ 0.40%.
Another object of the present invention provides above-mentioned high-strength light closed-cell foam aluminium alloy preparation method and comprises following a few step:
The first step: be that 0.05% ~ 0.40% scandium is mixed and heated to fusing with fine aluminium and the mass percent that accounts for aluminium alloy, add 1 ~ 4.5% the calcium that is equivalent to aluminium alloy quality in the melt, speed with 400 ~ 700rpm stirs 3min ~ 15min, wherein, described scandium is that the mass percent that scandium accounts for scandium bearing master alloy is 1% ~ 4% scandium bearing master alloy;
Second step: make melt temperature be in 660 ℃ ~ 700 ℃, add 1% ~ 4% the whipping agent that is equivalent to aluminium alloy quality in the melt, stirred 15 ~ 280 seconds with the speed of 800 ~ 2500rpm, be incubated again 15 ~ 250 seconds, so that the aluminium alloy melt foamed, then with the foam aluminium alloy melt cooling
The 3rd step: cooled foam aluminium alloy through solid-solution and aging heat treatment, is obtained the light-high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy, and wherein, the solid solubility temperature of processing is 580 ℃ ~ 640 ℃, and aging temp is 150 ℃ ~ 450 ℃, and aging time is 120min ~ 600min.
Inventive principle
The solid solubility of scandium in aluminium varies with temperature obviously, and the scandium that is solid-solubilized in the aluminum substrate can cause lattice distortion.Simultaneously, Sc also can react with Al, can preferentially separate out one time Al from melt
3Sc is not molten particle mutually, and this particle is AuCu
3Type cubic structure, and crystalline structure and lattice parameter and matrix Al are very approaching, during alloy graining, the desirable nucleus when this particle becomes α (Al) crystallization plays the effect of heterogeneous nucleation, can crystal grain thinning, improve alloy strength.In solid solution aging treating processes subsequently, supersaturated solid solution decomposes, and separates out the secondary Al of small and dispersed
3The Sc particle.Because these particles and matrix coherence, strong pinning dislocation and subgrain boundary stablize substructure and are suppressed Recovery and recrystallization, and when alloy deformation these particles and dislocation generation interaction, occur that dislocation is cut or winding, the reinforcement matrix.Therefore can usually reach reinforced foam cell wall intensity by adding scandium unit in the foams matrix, improve the intensity of foam aluminium alloy.Comparatively speaking, the strengthening effect of solid solution aging processing is apparent in view.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the present invention adds the Microamounts of Scandium element with the form of scandium bearing master alloy, in whipping process subsequently, can avoid significantly the aerial scaling loss of scandium element, economizes on resources, and also can fully guarantee accuracy and the homogeneity of alloy ingredient.
2. in the process of cooling of the present invention after stirring foaming, most of Sc solid solution is in aluminum substrate, and a small amount of Sc can eutectic reaction occur with Al and generate nascent Al
3Sc, and α (Al) can be with nascent Al in process of setting
3Sc is the heterogeneous nucleation crystallization mutually, and effectively refinement foamed aluminium cell wall crystal grain strengthens cell wall, improves the intensity of foamed aluminium scandium alloy.
3. the present invention carries out the solid solution aging processing to making the foamed aluminium scandium alloy, impels nascent Al
3Sc phase Hui Rong, supersaturated solid solution decomposes, and separates out the secondary Al of small and dispersed
3The Sc phase, when the foamed aluminium scandium alloy, particle and dislocation generation interaction cause the enhancing of foam aluminium alloy cell wall, also can reach the purpose that strengthens closed-cell foam aluminium alloy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that porosity is to contain scandium closed-cell foam aluminium alloy and closed-cell aluminum foam, through hole aluminium Uniaxial Compression performance comparative graph before and after 48% ~ 88% thermal treatment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned light closed cell foamed aluminium comprises following a few step:
The first step is heated to fusing with fine aluminium and scandium bearing master alloy (wherein the content of scandium is 4.0%), and the scandium bearing master alloy of adding is with respect to 5.3% of the fine aluminium quality, the content that scandium accounts for aluminum scandium alloy is 0.212%, add 1.0% the calcium be equivalent to aluminium alloy quality, stir 3min with 400rpm speed
Second step: make melt temperature be in 670 ℃, add 1% the whipping agent that is equivalent to aluminium alloy quality in the melt, stirred 30 seconds with the speed of 1000rpm, be incubated again 40 seconds, so that the aluminium alloy melt foamed, then with the foam aluminium alloy melt cooling,
The 3rd step: cooled foam aluminium alloy is processed (solid solubility temperature is 620 ℃, and aging temp is 300 ℃, and aging time is 150min) through solid solution aging, obtain the light-high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned light closed cell foamed aluminium comprises following a few step:
The first step is heated to fusing with fine aluminium and scandium bearing master alloy (wherein the content of scandium is 3.5%), and the scandium bearing master alloy of adding is with respect to 11.1% of the fine aluminium quality, the content that scandium accounts for aluminum scandium alloy is 0.389%, add 2.6% the calcium be equivalent to aluminium alloy quality, stir 6min with 500rpm speed
Second step: make melt temperature be in 685 ℃, add 2.5% the whipping agent that is equivalent to aluminium alloy quality in the melt, stirred 100 seconds with the speed of 1500rpm, be incubated again 100 seconds, so that the aluminium alloy melt foamed, then with the foam aluminium alloy melt cooling,
The 3rd step: cooled foam aluminium alloy is processed (solid solubility temperature is 630 ℃, and aging temp is 250 ℃, and aging time is 420min) through solid solution aging, obtain the light-high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned light closed cell foamed aluminium comprises following a few step:
The first step is heated to fusing with fine aluminium and scandium bearing master alloy (wherein the content of scandium is 1.5%), and the scandium bearing master alloy of adding is with respect to 25% of the fine aluminium quality, the content that scandium accounts for aluminum scandium alloy is 0.375%, add 4.5% the calcium be equivalent to aluminium alloy quality, stir 15min with 700rpm speed
Second step: make melt temperature be in 700 ℃, add 4% the whipping agent that is equivalent to aluminium alloy quality in the melt, stirred 250 seconds with the speed of 2000rpm, be incubated again 150 seconds, so that the aluminium alloy melt foamed, then with the foam aluminium alloy melt cooling,
The 3rd step: cooled foam aluminium alloy is processed (solid solubility temperature is 640 ℃, and aging temp is 200 ℃, and aging time is 600min) through solid solution aging, obtain the light-high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy.
Claims (2)
1. high-strength light closed-cell foam aluminium alloy, this matrix comprises aluminium, calcium, scandium, it is characterized in that, the mass percent that scandium accounts for aluminium alloy is 0.05% ~ 0.40%.
2. the preparation method of a high-strength light closed-cell foam aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that, preparation process comprises following a few step:
The first step: be that 0.05% ~ 0.40% scandium is mixed and heated to fusing with fine aluminium and the mass percent that accounts for aluminium alloy, add 1 ~ 4.5% the calcium that is equivalent to aluminium alloy quality in the melt, speed with 400 ~ 700rpm stirs 3min ~ 15min, wherein, described scandium is that the mass percent that scandium accounts for scandium bearing master alloy is 1% ~ 4% scandium bearing master alloy;
Second step: make melt temperature be in 660 ℃ ~ 700 ℃, add 1% ~ 4% the whipping agent that is equivalent to aluminium alloy quality in the melt, stirred 15 ~ 280 seconds with the speed of 800 ~ 2500rpm, be incubated again 15 ~ 250 seconds, so that the aluminium alloy melt foamed, then with the foam aluminium alloy melt cooling
The 3rd step: cooled foam aluminium alloy through solid-solution and aging heat treatment, is obtained the light-high-strength closed-cell foam aluminium alloy, and wherein, the solid solubility temperature of processing is 580 ℃ ~ 640 ℃, and aging temp is 150 ℃ ~ 450 ℃, and aging time is 120min ~ 600min.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105543695A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-04 | 邱炎新 | Electric power conversion device resistant to electromagnetic interference |
| CN105671352A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-15 | 苏州珍展科技材料有限公司 | High-strength foamed aluminum composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105756036A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-13 | 邱炎新 | Electromagnetic leakage prevention pipe pile |
| CN105774119A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-20 | 邱炎新 | Electrical equipment inspection system with good anti-electromagnetic radiation performance |
| CN106834819A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-13 | 吴明璋 | Silicate foam aluminium alloy and its preparation technology |
| CN107245611A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-13 | 界首市中源汽车修造有限公司 | A kind of automobile foam aluminium plate and its foam process |
| CN108517976A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-11 | 孟婷婷 | Heat-insulation broken bridge type foamed aluminium outer wall composite board |
| CN112239819A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-19 | 东南大学 | Foam strength gradient design method based on aluminum-copper alloy |
| CN112746192A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-05-04 | 北京科技大学 | Foaming agent, preparation method thereof and method for preparing foamed aluminum or aluminum alloy |
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| CN1546696A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-17 | 东南大学 | Low porosity closed cell foam aluminum alloy and its preparation method |
| CN101205580A (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2008-06-25 | 东南大学 | Low-porosity aluminum-magnesium-calcium rear earth based cellular Al alloy foam and preparation thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543695A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-04 | 邱炎新 | Electric power conversion device resistant to electromagnetic interference |
| CN105756036A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-13 | 邱炎新 | Electromagnetic leakage prevention pipe pile |
| CN105774119A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-20 | 邱炎新 | Electrical equipment inspection system with good anti-electromagnetic radiation performance |
| CN105671352A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-15 | 苏州珍展科技材料有限公司 | High-strength foamed aluminum composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106834819A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-13 | 吴明璋 | Silicate foam aluminium alloy and its preparation technology |
| CN107245611A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-13 | 界首市中源汽车修造有限公司 | A kind of automobile foam aluminium plate and its foam process |
| CN107245611B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | 界首市中源汽车修造有限公司 | A kind of automobile foam aluminium plate and its foam process |
| CN108517976A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-11 | 孟婷婷 | Heat-insulation broken bridge type foamed aluminium outer wall composite board |
| CN112239819A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-19 | 东南大学 | Foam strength gradient design method based on aluminum-copper alloy |
| CN112239819B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-09-07 | 东南大学 | Foam strength gradient design method based on aluminum-copper alloy |
| CN112746192A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-05-04 | 北京科技大学 | Foaming agent, preparation method thereof and method for preparing foamed aluminum or aluminum alloy |
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| CN103320637B (en) | 2015-10-21 |
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