CN103320600B - Large-power locomotive axle and heat treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Large-power locomotive axle and heat treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103320600B CN103320600B CN201310237296.4A CN201310237296A CN103320600B CN 103320600 B CN103320600 B CN 103320600B CN 201310237296 A CN201310237296 A CN 201310237296A CN 103320600 B CN103320600 B CN 103320600B
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- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method of a large-power locomotive axle. The diameter of the axle is 240mm-275mm and the material of the axle is 35CrMoA. The heat treatment method is sequentially carried out by the following steps of: (1) heating the axle to 870-890 DEG C by a conventional method, keeping the axle warm for 4-8 hours, and cooling the axle by a wind cooling or air cooling manner to finish a pre-treatment step after the axle is discharged from a furnace; (2) heating the pre-treated axle to 840-870 DEG C by a conventional method, discharging the axle from the furnace after the axle is kept warm for 4-10 hours, and carrying out quenching treatment on the axle, wherein a quenching medium is water, the cooling time of the axle in the water is 30min-60min and the temperature of the medium is less than or equal to 40 DEG C; and (3) heating the quenched axle to 580-680 DEG C by a conventional method, carrying out annealing treatment on the axle which is kept warm for 8-12 hours, and cooling the axle by a wind cooling or air cooling manner after the annealing treatment, thus obtaining the final product. According to the heat treatment method disclosed by the invention, the 35CrMoA is used to manufacture the large-power locomotive axle, so that the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal heat treatment, particularly relate to a kind of heat treating method of high-power locomotive axletree.
Background technology
Along with the development of economic construction, China's track traffic is developed rapidly, and as the principal mode vehicle of railway freight and passenger traffic, high-power AC transmission power car is more and more more widely used.Motorcycle axle is as the vitals of rolling stock, and its quality level is the important prerequisite ensureing locomotive operation safety, and under the prerequisite of ensuring the quality of products, the further production cost that reduces also becomes a kind of inexorable trend.The quality level of motorcycle axle is decided by the factor of two aspects, and one is axletree material, and two is heat treatment process of axletree.In prior art, 35CrMoA steel alloy is usually applied to the motorcycle axle processing of small diameter on continuous current locomotive (as being less than φ 190mm), its material cost is relatively low, in heat treatment process, processing requirement is also relatively low, but the axletree performance index that processing obtains are also lower, cannot meet the design requirements of large power alternating-current electric power locomotive engine.The material of conventional high-power locomotive axletree mainly adopts the steel grades such as EA4T, 30NiCrMoV12, and it has the higher advantage of quality, but its production cost is higher, is difficult to the demand for development meeting market high-quality low-cost.And when adopting 35CrMoA steel alloy to make motorcycle axle, as adopted normative heat treatment technique (as advised technique in GB/T3077-1999 structural alloy steel), its performance can not meet the technical requirements of industry.When reason is to adopt 35CrMoA steel alloy to make high power AC motorcycle axle, because its diameter is larger, when heat-treating quenching, the structural transformation difficulty of car axle center part is large, on the other hand, high power AC motorcycle axle performance index require compared with the continuous current locomotive motorcycle axle of small diameter, and index request increases substantially, and adds manufacture difficulty.In prior art, unexposed employing 35CrMoA steel alloy makes the heat treating method of high-power locomotive axletree, although related documents discloses the relevant report of some 35CrMoA product thermal treatment process, as the pertinent literature quenched on the impact of 35CrMo steel alloy low temperature impact properties about " zero-time holding " that Tian Yuzhi, Gao Wanfu, Lei Xiaowei deliver in " shaft blank heat treatment technics "; Liu Huan, Li Yunchang deliver on " chemical engineering and equipment " about documents such as " the thermal treatment process researchs of 35CrMo steel heavy workpiece ", the processing method of above-mentioned bibliographical information is only applicable to the heat treatment of workpieces of specimen finish at below φ 100mm, and its performance index are also starkly lower than the index request of high-power locomotive axletree.For the thermal treatment process meeting high-power locomotive axletree performance index, there is no relevant report.For meeting market development demand, researching and developing a kind of low cost, high performance axletree thermal treatment process necessitates.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of heat treating method of high-power locomotive axletree, it can realize with 35CrMoA steel processing and fabricating high-power locomotive axletree, reduce the production cost of high-power locomotive axletree, make the performance index of high-power locomotive axletree meet service requirements.
Another object of the present invention is to provide processes by aforesaid method the high-power locomotive axletree obtained.
For achieving the above object, the present invention realizes by following technical solution:
A heat treating method for high-power locomotive axletree, the maximum diameter of described high-power locomotive axletree is φ 240mm ~ φ 275mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and described heat treating method carries out successively according to the following steps:
(1) according to a conventional method axletree is heated to 870 ~ 890 DEG C, insulation 4 ~ 8h, cools axletree with air-cooled or air cooling mode after coming out of the stove, completes pre-treatment step;
(2) pretreated axletree is heated to 840 ~ 870 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 4 ~ 10h comes out of the stove, then axletree is carried out quench treatment, and the medium of described quench treatment is water, described axletree is temperature≤40 DEG C of 30 ~ 60min, described medium cooling time in water;
(3) quenching back axle is heated to 580 ~ 680 DEG C according to a conventional method, after insulation 8 ~ 12h, carries out temper, after temper, adopt air cooling or water-cooling pattern cooling.
As to further improvement of the present invention, in described step (2), described axletree cooling time in water is 40 ~ 60min.
As to further improvement of the present invention, in described step (1), pretreated Heating temperature is 870 ~ 880 DEG C, and soaking time is 4 ~ 6h.
As to further improvement of the present invention, in described step (2), quenching temperature is 850 ~ 860 DEG C, soaking time 5 ~ 7h.
As to further improvement of the present invention, in described step (3), tempering Heating temperature is 620 ~ 650 DEG C, and soaking time is 8 ~ 10h.
A kind of high-power locomotive axletree, it is processed by aforesaid method and obtains.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Heat treating method of the present invention, the high-power locomotive axletree processing requirement that maximum diameter reaches φ 240mm ~ φ 275mm is manufactured for adopting 35CrMoA steel alloy, set up pretreatment technology, proper extension heat-up time, choose water as heat-eliminating medium, and quench media temperature, quench cooled time are controlled.Wherein, the pretreatment technology set up, can before carrying out subsequent quenching process, make maximum diameter reach the high-power locomotive axletree of φ 240mm ~ φ 275mm tissue evenly, crystal grain is refinement more, in quenching process, good basis has been established in effective transformation of axletree tissue; The present invention chooses water as quenchant, under conservative control quenching temperature and the prerequisite of time, again by the control of the key element such as medium temperature and cooling time, the process of cooling of strict control axletree, overcome the unfavorable factor used water as quenchant, ensureing under the prerequisite that in quenching process, axletree tissue effectively changes, avoiding axletree to produce quenching crack further, meet the otherwise requirement of axletree.Adopt water effectively can reduce production cost as quenchant, avoid polluting production environment.
Present invention achieves and make with materials such as 35CrMoA steel alloys the high-power electric locomotive axletree meeting relevant criterion and require, according to EN13261-2009 examination criteria (in the sampling of maximum diameter 1/2R place) requirement, its performance index are: tensile strength Rm >=650MPa, yield strength Re >=425MPa, unit elongation >=18%, impact of collision merit AKu5 >=42J when 20 DEG C, transverse impact merit AKU5 >=25J, Brinell hardness≤280HB, grain fineness number >=6 grade.Wherein yield strength and impact of collision merit are respectively higher than Re >=420MPa and AKu5 >=40J required value of EA4T axletree standard in European standard EN13261-2009.These parameters shows, after adopting heat treating method of the present invention to heat-treat the high-power locomotive axletree made by 35CrMoA steel alloy, the performance index of high-power locomotive axletree have exceeded the requirement of EN13261-2009 standard Medium Alloy Steel axletree, be better than railway systems standard-required of the prior art, quality product meets the application requiring of high-power AC transmission power car.Because material cost and tooling cost significantly reduce, for the cost reduction of high-power AC transmission power car axletree provides technical guarantee.While guarantee motorcycle axle quality, reduce material cost, be applicable to promote the use of in the making of high-power locomotive AC transmission electric power locomotive axletree.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1: the 1/2R place metallographic structure figure of gained axletree in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Embodiment
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of heat treating method of high-power locomotive axletree, the maximum diameter of described high-power locomotive axletree is φ 240mm ~ φ 275mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and the chemical composition of material meets standard GB/T/T3077-1999 standard-required.
Described heat treating method carries out successively according to the following steps:
(1) according to a conventional method axletree is heated to 870 ~ 890 DEG C, insulation 4 ~ 8h, cools axletree with air-cooled or air cooling mode after coming out of the stove, completes pre-treatment step;
(2) pretreated axletree is heated to 840 ~ 870 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 4 ~ 10h comes out of the stove, then axletree is carried out quench treatment, and the medium of described quench treatment is water, described axletree is temperature≤40 DEG C of 30 ~ 60min, described medium cooling time in water;
(3) quenching back axle is heated to 580 ~ 680 DEG C according to a conventional method, after insulation 8 ~ 12h, carries out temper, after temper, adopt air cooling or water-cooling pattern cooling.
embodiment 1:
The maximum diameter of high-power locomotive axletree is φ 240mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and the chemical composition of material meets standard GB/T/T3077-1999 standard-required.
First motorcycle axle is heated to 870 DEG C according to a conventional method in heating installation, insulation 8h, air cooling, to normal temperature, completes pre-treatment step; Then pretreated axletree is heated to 840 DEG C in heating installation, insulation 10h, in quenching-in water cooling, cooling time is 30min, the temperature of quenchant 8 DEG C; Finally the 35CrMoA axletree after quenching is heated to 580 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 8h, air cooling is to normal temperature.The performance of motorcycle axle after testing, its numerical value as shown in Table 1, meets associated specifications.Gained motorcycle axle 1/2R metallographic structure figure.As shown in Figure 1, its grain fineness number is 7.5 grades, meets technical requirements.
embodiment 2:
The maximum diameter of high-power locomotive axletree is φ 247mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and the chemical composition of material meets standard GB/T/T3077-1999 standard-required.
First motorcycle axle is heated to 890 DEG C according to a conventional method in heating installation, insulation 6h, below air cooling to 300 DEG C, completes pre-treatment step; Then pretreated axletree is heated to 860 DEG C in heating installation, insulation 6h, in quenching-in water cooling, cooling time is 45min, the temperature of quenchant 35 DEG C; Finally the 35CrMoA axletree after quenching is heated to 650 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 10h, air cooling is to normal temperature.The performance of motorcycle axle after testing, its numerical value as shown in Table 1, meets associated specifications.
embodiment 3:
The maximum diameter of high-power locomotive axletree is φ 265mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and the chemical composition of material meets standard GB/T/T3077-1999 standard-required.
First motorcycle axle is heated to 890 DEG C according to a conventional method in heating installation, insulation 8h, below air cooling to 100 DEG C, completes pre-treatment step; Then pretreated axletree is heated to 870 DEG C in heating installation, insulation 10h, in quenching-in water cooling, cooling time is 60min, the temperature of quenchant 35 DEG C; Finally the 35CrMoA axletree after quenching is heated to 680 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 12h, air cooling is to normal temperature.The performance of motorcycle axle after testing, its numerical value as shown in Table 1, meets associated specifications.
embodiment 4:
The maximum diameter of high-power locomotive axletree is φ 270mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and the chemical composition of material meets standard GB/T/T3077-1999 standard-required.
First motorcycle axle is heated to 870 DEG C according to a conventional method in heating installation, insulation 8h, air cooling, to normal temperature, completes pre-treatment step; Then pretreated axletree is heated to 850 DEG C in heating installation, insulation 8h, in quenching-in water cooling, cooling time is 50min, the temperature of quenchant 22 DEG C; Finally the 35CrMoA axletree after quenching is heated to 650 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 10h, air cooling is to normal temperature.The performance of motorcycle axle after testing, its numerical value as shown in Table 1, meets associated specifications.
embodiment 5:
The maximum diameter of high-power locomotive axletree is φ 275mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and the chemical composition of material meets standard GB/T/T3077-1999 standard-required.
First motorcycle axle is heated to 880 DEG C according to a conventional method in heating installation, insulation 4h, air cooling, to normal temperature, completes pre-treatment step; Then pretreated axletree is heated to 860 DEG C in heating installation, insulation 5h, in quenching-in water cooling, cooling time is 55min, the temperature of quenchant 28 DEG C; Finally the 35CrMoA axletree after quenching is heated to 670 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 8h, air cooling is to normal temperature.The performance of motorcycle axle after testing, its numerical value as shown in Table 1, meets associated specifications.
embodiment 6:
The maximum diameter of high-power locomotive axletree is φ 275mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and the chemical composition of material meets standard GB/T/T3077-1999 standard-required.
First motorcycle axle is heated to 870 DEG C according to a conventional method in heating installation, insulation 7h, air cooling, to normal temperature, completes pre-treatment step; Then pretreated axletree is heated to 870 DEG C in heating installation, insulation 9h, in quenching-in water cooling, cooling time is 60min, the temperature of quenchant 32 DEG C; Finally the 35CrMoA axletree after quenching is heated to 650 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 12h, air cooling is to normal temperature.The performance of motorcycle axle after testing, its numerical value as shown in Table 1, meets associated specifications.
All embodiment 1 ~ 6 detected results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
More than show and describe technical scheme of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof
.
Claims (6)
1. a heat treating method for high-power locomotive axletree, is characterized in that: the maximum diameter of described high-power locomotive axletree is φ 240mm ~ φ 275mm, and material is 35CrMoA steel alloy, and described heat treating method carries out successively according to the following steps:
(1) according to a conventional method axletree is heated to 870 ~ 890 DEG C, insulation 4 ~ 8h, cools axletree with air-cooled or air cooling mode after coming out of the stove, completes pre-treatment step; Described axletree is cooled to less than 300 DEG C with air-cooled or air cooling mode;
(2) pretreated axletree is heated to 840 ~ 870 DEG C according to a conventional method, insulation 4 ~ 10h comes out of the stove, then axletree is carried out quench treatment, and the medium of described quench treatment is water, described axletree is temperature≤40 DEG C of 30 ~ 60min, described medium cooling time in water;
(3) quenching back axle is heated to 580 ~ 680 DEG C according to a conventional method, after insulation 8 ~ 12h, carries out temper, after temper, adopt air cooling or water-cooling pattern cooling.
2. the heat treating method of high-power locomotive axletree as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), and described axletree cooling time in water is 40 ~ 60min.
3. the heat treating method of high-power locomotive axletree as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
In described step (1), pretreated Heating temperature is 870 ~ 880 DEG C, and soaking time is 4 ~ 6h.
4. the heat treating method of high-power locomotive axletree as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), quenching temperature is 850 ~ 860 DEG C, soaking time 5 ~ 7h.
5. the heat treating method of a kind of high-power locomotive axletree as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), tempering Heating temperature is 620 ~ 650 DEG C, and soaking time is 8 ~ 10h.
6. a high-power locomotive axletree, is characterized in that: it is processed by method described in any one of claim 1-5 and obtains.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104513893A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-15 | 长春轨道客车装备有限责任公司 | Heat treatment method of EA4T steel axle |
| CN104451107A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-25 | 无锡市百顺机械厂 | Thermal treatment process of pressurizer rotor shaft |
| CN105886740A (en) * | 2016-06-04 | 2016-08-24 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Heat treatment method for carrying out isothermal annealing on railway vehicle axle in advance |
| CN107217193A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-29 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of spherulitic iron crankshaft |
| CN109055689A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-21 | 四川易亨机械制造有限公司 | A kind of 35CrMo Heat-Treatment of Steel method |
| CN111647721A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-11 | 建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司 | Method for solving low-temperature impact energy of high-alloy structural steel after hardening and tempering |
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| CN101250665A (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2008-08-27 | 株洲天力锻业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing high-power AC transmission power car axle |
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| CN102560043A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-11 | 广州造船厂有限公司 | Heat treatment process for large 35CrMo steel axis forgings |
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| CN101250665A (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2008-08-27 | 株洲天力锻业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing high-power AC transmission power car axle |
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