CN103314997B - 一种小麦草无土栽培营养液 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种小麦草无土栽培营养液，其技术方案是将以下组分：四水硝酸钙、硝酸钾、磷酸二氢铵、七水硫酸镁、硝酸铵、硼酸、硫酸锰、七水硫酸锌、钼酸铵、七水硫酸铜、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁、酵母水解液，壳聚糖，腐殖酸，亚硒酸钠按重量份混合溶于蒸馏水内制成小麦草无土栽培营养液，本发明配制方法简单，产品形态理想，小麦草无土栽培营养液不仅含有植物生长所需营养物质，还含有大量氨基酸、谷胱甘肽、葡聚糖、核酸、壳聚糖、腐殖酸和硒元素等活性成分，改变了目前市场上缺乏小麦草高产的实用技术及方法的现状，具有广阔的经济发展前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种小麦草高产营养液，具体包括一种小麦草催芽剂及小麦草无土栽培营养液，属农作物种植领域。
背景技术
本小麦草（wheat grass）又名麦苗，为禾本科(Poaceae)，小麦属。中药典籍《本草纲目》详细记载了小麦草的功效：“麦苗—味辛、寒、无毒，主治消酒毒、暴热、酒疸、目黄。并捣烂绞汁日饮之，又解蛊毒；煮汁滤服，除烦闷，解时疾狂热、退胸膈热，利小肠。”现代研究证明：小麦草中氨基酸种类齐全，富含有18种氨基酸，氨基酸总量为 20.91%，其中人体所必需的氨基酸总量为 8.10%，特别是赖氨酸可达到 1.31%，且还富含药效氨基酸；小麦草中含多种维生素，其中 VE 含量为105.35 mg/100g，而VE 定位于细胞膜，它作为断链抗氧化剂，可以阻断细胞膜中过氧化物的形成，是体内抗氧化的第一道防线；小麦草中含有丰富的人体所必需的矿物质元素，是碱性食品之王；此外小麦草含有丰富的叶绿素、纤维和有益酵素。医学研究表明，小麦草具有抗肿瘤、抗疲劳、抗氧化减肥、降脂、改善血糖，促进胃肠道健康、加速伤口的复原和增强机体免疫等多种功能，是一种值得进一步研究和开发的药食同源植物。小麦草产品的研制和开发在发达国家始于80年代，我国近年也开始重视。
植物营养液在科研、农业、花卉、园艺等行业中广泛使用，尤其是在无土栽培技术中应用最为广泛。无土栽培是将作物种植在装有营养液的栽培装置内。因为植物营养液可以精确控制各类养分，避免土壤中各类复杂因素对植物生长的干扰，所以在科学研究中也常用无土栽培的方法培养植物，研究植物的各种生命活动。小麦草的种植主要是普通的土壤种植，我国小麦草种植的产量也相对偏低。随着小麦草各种产品的开发，需求量不断扩增，目前还没有针对小麦草栽培技术的研究报道，而通过小麦草营养液进行无土栽培来提高小麦草的产量和生理活性的研究更未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种养分充足、易于配制的小麦草催芽剂及无土栽培营养液，从而对小麦草实施无土栽培并提高小麦草的产量。
本发明所采用的技术方案为：
配制小麦草催芽剂的组分及重量份为：萘乙酸0.02~0.05、赤霉素3~5、壳聚糖1.5~2，亚硒酸钠4~5；将上述各组分按重量份混合溶于9.98~9.99×103蒸馏水内，制成小麦草催芽剂，于20~25℃下避光储存；
配制小麦草无土栽培营养液的组分及重量份为：四水硝酸钙350~400、硝酸钾180~250、磷酸二氢铵150~200、七水硫酸镁400~620、硝酸铵20~70、硼酸1~5、硫酸锰1~4、七水硫酸锌0.1~1、钼酸铵0.005~0.05、七水硫酸铜0.01~1、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁5~40、固形物含量65~70%的酵母水解液3×105，壳聚糖250~300，腐殖酸500~800，亚硒酸钠400~800；将上述各组分按重量份混合溶于9.90~9.95×105蒸馏水内，制成小麦草无土栽培营养液，于20~25℃下避光储存。
本发明配制方法简单，产品形态理想，小麦草催芽剂能够提高种子活力，有利于小麦草的快速生长，进行催芽处理的小麦草种子在萌发率和幼苗生长状态上均优于目前常用的单独用水处理的方法，缩短了种子萌发时间，催芽20小时后萌发率就能达到90%；小麦草无土栽培营养液不仅含有植物生长所需营养物质，还含有大量氨基酸、谷胱甘肽、葡聚糖、核酸、壳聚糖、腐殖酸和硒元素等活性成分，对小麦草进行浸泡，可以大幅度提高小麦草生长特性和功能特性。经种植试验证明，利用本发明可以使小麦草的产量提高20%以上。该营养液配方生产成本低，且对小麦草的增产和改善品质均有良好的效果，改变了目前市场上缺乏小麦草高产的实用技术及方法的现状，具广阔的经济发展前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明：
配制小麦草催芽剂的组分及组分量为：萘乙酸2mg、赤霉素350mg、壳聚糖150mg，亚硒酸钠400mg，将上述各组分按组分量混合溶于998ml蒸馏水内，制成小麦草种子催芽剂，于20~25℃下避光储存；
配制小麦草无土栽培营养液的组分及组分量为：四水硝酸钙350mg、硝酸钾200mg、磷酸二氢铵150mg、七水硫酸镁400mg、硝酸铵50mg、硼酸2mg、硫酸锰4mg、七水硫酸锌0.5mg、钼酸铵0.01mg、七水硫酸铜0.05mg、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁20mg、固形物含量70%的酵母水解液300mL，壳聚糖250mg，腐殖酸500mg，亚硒酸钠500mg，将上述各组分按组分量混合溶于995ml蒸馏水内，制成小麦草无土栽培营养液，于20~25℃下避光储存。
使用时用蒸馏水将小麦草催芽剂及无土栽培营养液分别稀释10倍，首先将小麦草种子浸于小麦草催芽剂稀释液中，25℃下催芽20小时，然后再将催芽后的种子浸于小麦草无土栽培营养液的稀释液中，20℃下无土栽培，每间隔5天后即可收割一次，每收割一次即更换一次小麦草无土栽培营养液的稀释液。
赤霉素是对植物起催芽作用的生长调节激素；萘乙酸是对植物起催芽作用的生长调节剂；壳聚糖是既可激发种子提早萌芽，又可促进植物生长的植物生长调节剂；酵母水解液是可被植物高效吸收利用的速效肥料，提供植物快速生长所需的生理活性物质；腐植酸是能促进植物生长发育的生理活性物质；亚硒酸钠是植物合成有机硒的原料，同时也是植物生长所需的营养元素；四水硝酸钙是为植物生长提供钙元素；硝酸钾是为植物生长提供钾元素；磷酸二氢铵是为植物生长提供磷元素；七水硫酸镁是为植物生长提供镁元素；硝酸铵是为植物生长提供氮元素；硼酸是为植物生长提供硼元素；硫酸锰是为植物生长提供锰元素；七水硫酸锌是为植物生长提供锌元素；钼酸铵是为植物生长提供钼元素；七水硫酸铜是为植物生长提供铜元素；乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁是为植物生长提供铁元素。
Claims (1)
1.一种小麦草无土栽培营养液，其特征是采用以下技术方案完成：配制小麦草无土栽培营养液的组分及组分量为：四水硝酸钙350mg、硝酸钾200mg、磷酸二氢铵150mg、七水硫酸镁400mg、硝酸铵50mg、硼酸2mg、硫酸锰4mg、七水硫酸锌0.5mg、钼酸铵0.01mg、七水硫酸铜0.05mg、乙二胺四乙酸二钠铁20mg、固形物含量70%的酵母水解液300mL，壳聚糖250mg，腐殖酸500mg，亚硒酸钠500mg，将上述各组分按组分量混合溶于995ml蒸馏水内，制成小麦草无土栽培营养液，于20~25℃下避光储存。
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| CN104446870A (zh) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-03-25 | 阜南县星光工艺品有限公司 | 一种荆条种植的培养液 |
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| CN105859385A (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 太仓市璜泾永乐农机作业专业合作社 | 一种高质量无土栽培营养液及其制备方法和应用 |
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| CN106538362A (zh) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-03-29 | 洛阳鼎威材料科技有限公司 | 小麦草的无土栽培方法 |
| CN106565330A (zh) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-04-19 | 成都鑫瑞现代农业开发有限公司 | 一种菊花富硒叶面肥 |
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