CN103314163A

CN103314163A - Improved steel pipe piles and pipe pile structures

Info

Publication number: CN103314163A
Application number: CN2012800051248A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗伯托·雷东多·文特
Original assignee: PilePro LLC
Current assignee: PilePro LLC
Priority date: 2011-01-11
Filing date: 2012-01-10
Publication date: 2013-09-18
Also published as: AU2012205690B8; AU2012205690A1; AU2012205690B2; CA2824049A1

Abstract

A pipe pile, for use in a foundation or a retaining wall, comprises a substantially cylindrical, and preferably steel, pipe body extending longitudinally between two opposite ends, the pipe body being' formed of a plurality of pipe sections, interlocked or welded together end-to-end and arranged on a common central longitudinal axis between the two ends, All of the pipe sections have substantially the same outside diameter; however, two or more pipe sections have differing inside diameters, and thus a differing wall thickness, between the two ends of the pipe pile.

Description

Improved steel pipe pile and tube pile structure

Technical field

The present invention relates to pile tube improvement of---especially steel pipe pile---, this pile tube are suitable for being driven in the soil with as in the ground or the structural member in the wall.More specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of metal tube pile that is subjected to natural environment corrosion for using at ground or wall.

Background technology

When steel contacted with water and appears at simultaneously in the air with oxygen, steel stood the spontaneous corrosion process.The fret wear that corrosion brings depends on locality (for example, the hydrology) condition on the one hand, depends on that on the other hand steel is with respect to the vertical position of water level.When pile tube was driven in the sea bed for example to support pier or ocean platform or consists of the seashore barricade, different corrosion rates or " corrosion " speed were stood in the different vertically zones of pile tube.

Fig. 1 illustrates the barricade 10 that is made of for example steel pipe pile in a row, and this barricade 10 is blocked in soil 12 at the edge of ocean 14.Preferably, earth anchor 16 provides horizontal support to resist the lateral force that is applied by soil side 12 for pile tube.By making this anchor in place, pile tube is subject to along the moment of deflection of their distribution of lengths, and is shown in Figure 180 such as curve.

Horizontal plane on the vertical direction of barricade is divided into a plurality of zones according to the expection corrosion rate of steel.By morning and evening tides and storm and these zones that the expection water level that produces limits are called the top of " splash zone " 20(from the mean high water level (M.H.W.L.) to the barricade from top to bottom successively), " intertidal zone " 22(is between mean low water and the mean high water level (M.H.W.L.)), " low water stage district " 24(is from the lowest water level to the mean low water), " forever soaking the district " 26(is from the seabed to the lowest water level) and below " disposal area " 28(seabed).Shown in Figure 30 such as curve, pile tube all has different expection corrosion rates in each zone in these zones.

Vertically regional according to this, and therefore according to the degree of corrosion strength, the external surface of pile tube erodes with the speed of regulation, has reduced thus the wall thickness of pile tube.Propose a kind of according to the statement (rusting rate, millimeter/year) of chronomere to " corrosion rate ".Investigation to steel sheet pile with different application lifes shows that corrosion rate finally reduces to result from tectal formation, unless this covering layer is constantly eroded by mechanism or chemical action.Therefore, when to thickness or corrosion rate reduce rating the time, design cycle or " application life " that also must separate provision sheet pile member.

In many application, the piling bar endurance issues only is minimum problem because since use compare with concrete and have the steel of high safety factor relatively and cause normally surdimensionnement of piling bar.The inevitable aspect that naturally reaches that this intrinsic factor will be corroded is significantly taken into account.Yet; in salt-water applications (perhaps; relating in some situation of contaminant water or contaminated soil), recommend the engineer to utilize " sacrifice steel " method to design ground or barricade, and consider equally whether favourable or essential protective coating is in particular surroundings.

Shown in Figure 30 such as curve, the highest corrosion rate usually appears in (seawater) splash zone or appears in the low water stage district.Yet shown in Figure 180 such as curve, maximum stress is usually located at and forever soaks in the district 26.See " recommendation of Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures Harbors and water-bound harbour, Waterways(shore and the water channel committee) ", EAU1996, the 7th edition, the 8.1.8.3 chapters and sections, figure R35-1,293 pages.

When in water or near water design pile tube or sheet pile structure, the zone of paying close attention to the most is the low water stage district, because its most close region of high stress.Therefore, for salt-water applications, the steel surface that recommend to expose is covered with coating (and/or be subject to " cathodic protection ") until the following 1.5m to 2.5m of mean low water, so that the low water stage district of key is protected.

According to " Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures Harbors and Waterways ", EAU2004, the 8.1.8.4 chapters and sections, 320 pages, this coating can begin delay more than 20 years with what corrode.

The accurate European standard that is published as " Eurocode3:Design of Steel Structures-Part5:Piling(Eurocode 3: the design of steel work---the 5th part: stake) " (BS ENV1993-5:1997 and BS ENV1993-5:2007) provides the form that is used for the expection thickness loss that invar pile tube and steel sheet pile cause in the corrosion of fresh water and seawater in temperate climate.For example, in seawater and in the zone of high corrosion rate, the steel of expection 7.5mm will lose from surface of steel plate within the period in 100 years.

As mentioned above, the amount of this loss can be by postponing to reach 20 years at steel surface---in the zone of especially the most easily being corroded---coating coating or epoxy resin.It is that pile tube or sheet pile are specified the wall thickness thinner than required wall thickness that the application of this protective coating also allows the design engineer, thereby causes the cost savings of steel total amount.

Yet the use of protective coating has some shortcomings:

(1) so a large amount of purchases and use coating are relatively expensive;

(2) coating is during transportation often damaged, thereby stays uncoated cut of special corrosion-vulnerable etc.;

(3) plant or the poisonous coating of fish life can be oozed out in water or grind off.

" Design of Sheet Pile Walls Engineer Manual (planned sheet pile wall Engineering Design Manual) " (the 2-2 chapters and sections) of US Army Corps of Engineers are for clearly generally be more prone to steel than concrete when constructing barricade:

" possibility that the designer must consider material degradation with and on the impact of the structural integrity of system.Most of permanent structures are by steel or concrete structure.Concrete can provide the long life under normal circumstances, still compares with steel sheet pile to have relatively high initial cost.Concrete more is difficult to install than piling bar.Long-term site observation shows that steel sheet pile provides long application life when suitably designing.”

Therefore, existence is for the demand of following pile tube: this pile tube has avoided being subject to strengthen the shortcoming of the coating surface in the zone (for example low water stage district and splash zone) of corrosion impact, the expected service life when having increased simultaneously pile tube (for example in contaminated water or the seawater) using in corrosive atmosphere.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pile tube for using at ground or barricade, this pile tube has the application life of increase and need not face coat.

Other purpose of the present invention provides a kind of pile tube for using at ground or wall, and this pile tube is compared the steel amount with minimizing with the conventional pile tube with identical application life.

According to the present invention, by providing following pile tube to realize these purposes and will becoming in the following discussion significantly other purposes, wherein, this pile tube comprises general cylindrical shape and is preferably the body of steel, this body is longitudinal extension between two relative ends, this body is made of a plurality of pipe section section, and described a plurality of pipe section section interlocks end-to-end or welds together, and is arranged on the common central longitudinal axis between described two ends.Between described two ends of pile tube, all Duan Jun of pipe section have roughly the same external diameter, yet two or more pipe section sections have different internal diameters, and therefore have different wall thickness.

This structure permission design engineer specifies the material wall thickness of pile tube approx according to the expection corrosion rate during the viability of engineering, and some the pipe section section in the pipe section section of pile tube has the wall thickness than the Duan Gengda of other pipe sections.

In order to fully understand the present invention, now should be with reference to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention that goes out as shown in the drawing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the representative schematic diagram with the pile tube barricade of curve map, and wherein, described curve map shows approximate corrosion rate and along the exemplary bent moment distribution of pile tube length.

Fig. 2 is the diagram of the pile tube in a row of type involved in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the plan view that shows two pile tubes that linked together by the convex that is welded to the pile tube external surface, spill Connection Element.

Fig. 4 is the details plan view of the convex shown in Fig. 3, spill Connection Element.

Fig. 5 is the details plan view that another embodiment of the convex that can be used for connecting pile tube, spill Connection Element is shown.

Fig. 6 is the plan view by two pile tubes of two Z-shaped plate stakes connections.

Fig. 7 is the plan view by two pile tubes of U-shaped sheet pile connection.

Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the barricade (not drawn on scale) of type involved in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the pier (not drawn on scale) of type involved in the present invention.

Figure 10 a is the sectional view (not drawn on scale) that single pile tube is shown, and wherein, this single pile tube comprises three section's sections that weld together end-to-end along common longitudinal axis, and wherein each Duan Jun of has identical external diameter and different internal diameters.

Figure 10 b is the lateral cross-sectional view (not drawn on scale) of each pile tube section section of Figure 10 a.

Figure 11 has the detailed cross-sectional in abutting connection with the end (not drawn on scale) that two pile tubes of different wall weld together along its seam.

The specific embodiment

Now with reference to the Fig. 1 to Figure 11 in the accompanying drawing preferred embodiment of the present invention is described.

Identity element among each figure is indicated with identical Reference numeral.

Fig. 1 illustrates the barricade 10 that is made of steel pipe pile, and this barricade 10 remains in the soil 12 of a side and itself and the seawater 14 that is positioned at opposite side are separated.Illustrated in the background parts of the present invention as mentioned, the pile tube in this barricade is owing to the effect of empty G﹠W is subject to continuous stress and continuous corrosiveness.

The pile tube of barricade is driven in the following soil of sea bed, and the longitudinal axis of pile tube is arranged to almost parallel and along common approximate horizontal line.Fig. 2 illustrates these a series of pile tubes 32 of arranging and link together by middle coupling element 34 along horizon 33, and described middle coupling element 34 is fixed by welding to the crooked outer surface of pile tube.

Fig. 3 illustrates these two pile tubes 32 and how to engage by this Connection Element 34, and the details of joint presents in Fig. 4.Before being pressed into, on the whole length (or near whole length) of pipe, " convex " Connection Element 36 is soldered to a side of each pipe 32, and " spill " Connection Element 38 is soldered to opposite side.Pipe is driven in the soil subsequently one at a time, and the convex Connection Element 36 that is welded to a pipe is inserted in the spill Connection Element 38 with next adjacent tubes welding and with these spill Connection Element 38 interlockings.

Fig. 5 illustrates the Connection Element 40 that can use will manage another type that closely links together between adjacent tubes 32.This Connection Element---with U.S. Patent No. 7,168, the Connection Element of describing in detail in 214 is similar---comprise with the short male element 42 of interlocking headband 44 and the concave member that is formed by pawl-like member 46.

Two pile tubes 32 that Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 illustrate equally side by side separately and parallel longitudinal is arranged, described two pile tubes 32 are only separated by the sheet pile that substitutes connector.In Fig. 6, adjacent pile tube is linked together by two Z-

shaped plate stakes

50 and 52; In Fig. 7, described pile tube is by placing U-shaped sheet pile 54 therebetween to connect.

Fig. 8 is the side cross-sectional view of a pile tube 32 in many pile tubes in the seashore barricade 60.This barricade supporting is arranged in the soil 62 of a side to exempt from erosion and to fall into the seawater 64 that is positioned at opposite side.The pipe of this barricade---by pipe 32 expressions---passes the sandy soil 66 under the seabed and preferably has the length that is enough to arrive following basement rock 68.

Although the mean water in sea changes in the certain limit by double-head arrow 70 expression with morning and evening tides, and wave bounces barricade in the certain average range by double-head arrow 72 expressions, and tube wall construction gets much higher, thus defence storm and other accidents.In order to realize the total length of required pipe, Guan Yiqi easily length (for example, 20 feet) is transported to the job site and end-to-end welding the when it is mounted.According to the total length of required pile tube, and according to the preference of contractor, pipe section section or can be pressed into by section's section with connecing section's section and weld together during process of press in perhaps can first end-to-endly be welded, and then presses to be single long unit.

Depend on by natural force, particularly be exposed to the corrosion rate of the caused material of water or air (for example, steel) application life of pile tube and sheet pile wall fully.Water---particularly salt solution, alkaline water or contaminated water---causes that the piling bar wall is particularly particularly like this in

zone

70 and 72 with the speed burn into that accelerates.Outside these zones, at sheet pile wall or be immersed in continuously in the water or be in position in the soil, perhaps in the position of pile tube wall main ingress of air except the rainy day, corrosion reduces slightly, or even significantly reduces.

For the life-span of extension tube piling wall, for example be known that in the zone 74 of corrosion-vulnerable, at least a portion of tube-surface is covered coating or epoxy coating.The application of this protective coating allows the building engineer to specify the pipe thinner than required wall thickness for planned sheet pile wall, thereby causes in the sizable cost savings in material (for example, steel) total amount aspect.

Fig. 9 is and the similar schematic diagram of Fig. 8 that it shows with steel pipe pile 32 and supports ocean harbour 76.As Fig. 8, this schematic diagram has illustrated intertidal zone 70 and splash zone 72.Compare with the pipe of barricade among Fig. 8, the moment of deflection that steel pipe pile 32 is subject to significantly reduces.Yet, they particularly in splash zone, intertidal zone, low water stage district and forever soak the district be corroded, as above illustrated in conjunction with Fig. 1.

According to the present invention, shown in Figure 10 a and Figure 10 b, the pile tube 32 of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 has different wall thickness at the diverse location place of length along them, thereby they are taken into account in the different corrosion rate of length of life.Figure 10 a shows the length of pipe 32 in 3 section's sections, and described 3 section's sections are: the section 86(of bottom section is intended to remain under the water level continuously); Intermediate section 88(is intended to be arranged in littoral area and the splash zone of barricade) and the section 90(of top section be intended to remain on continuously in the open).Shown in Figure 10 b, has the wall that far is thicker than the pipe in section's section 86 and 90 with the pipe in section's section 88 of faster speed corrosion.Must stand the pipe section section 86 of macrobending stress more and have the wall thickness slightly larger than pipe section section 90.

Yet three section's sections of all of pipe all have identical outside (outside) diameter.

Seam 92 and 94 between section's section of pipe welds together, and described section be butt end-to-end.

Figure 11 shows in detail the weld seam between pipe section section 86 and 88.As can observing, the end of pipe section section is with about 30 ° to 35 ° angle chamfering, thereby reserves at least 1/16 inch " area " to contact with the adjacent section butt.Welding material 96 is provided by the space that is provided by chamfering.

When design harbour or harbour, the civil engineer should be each pipe section section and specifies chamfering, for example has 35 ° of angles in 1/16 inch area.The engineer also should specify following parameter:

1. all pipes---more specifically, all pipe section sections of the pipe that formation will be used in engineering---number, length and wall thickness.

2. the external diameter of all pipes.Different pipes in the engineering can have different external diameters, but all pipe section sections that consist of single pipe must have identical external diameter.

3. the inside and outside tolerance of external diameter; 36 inches OD(external diameter for example) has-0 to+1/4 inch tolerance.

4. the tolerance of the out-of-roundness of pipe; For example, be equal to or less than 1%.

5. the type of material and grade; For example, based on ASTM(U.S. experimental material association) the steel A572 of classification, class 50.

6. the type of pipe: for example, carry out to having thinner pipe less than 1 inch wall thickness that spirality is twined and welding, perhaps thicker pipe is rolled and vertically welding.

The present invention has following advantage: namely, the needs that the pipe in the zone (for example littoral area and splash zone) that is subject to strengthen corrosion impact is applied have been eliminated, and allow simultaneously to reduce not to be subject to the thickness of the pipe in the zone (for example, the zone under the soil) of corrosion impact.

Therefore, the tube pile structure that has illustrated and described improved steel pipe pile and be combined with a plurality of this type pile tubes, this has realized all purposes and the advantage of for this reason looking for.Yet to those skilled in the art, after considering disclosed this manual of preferred embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing, many changes of the present invention, remodeling, modification and other use and use and will become obvious.Not deviating from all these changes, remodeling, modification of the spirit and scope of the present invention and other uses and uses and be regarded as by only being contained by the present invention of claims restriction.

Claims

1. pile tube, described pile tube is suitable for being driven in the soil to be used as the structural member in ground or the wall, described pile tube is included in the general cylindrical shape body of longitudinal extension between two relative ends, described body is made of a plurality of pipe section section, described a plurality of pipe section section interlocks end-to-end or welds together and arrange along common central longitudinal axis between described two ends, wherein, between described two ends, all Duan Jun of pipe section in the described pipe section section have roughly the same external diameter, and at least two pipe section sections in the described pipe section section have different internal diameters, and therefore have different material thicknesses.

2. pile tube according to claim 1, wherein, described pile tube is formed from steel, and described steel corrodes when being exposed to water or air.

3. braced structures, described braced structures is made of a plurality of pile tubes according to claim 1, and described pile tube is driven in the soil abreast, and the longitudinal axis almost parallel ground of described pile tube is arranged.

4. braced structures according to claim 3, wherein, the material thickness of described pile tube changes according to the expection corrosion rate approx, and in pile tube one or more pipe section section in its pipe section section than in other pipe section sections, having larger material thickness.

5. braced structures according to claim 3, described braced structures is arranged in the water body, and described pile tube extends through water downwards and enters into following soil.

6. braced structures according to claim 5 also comprises the platform that is supported by described pile tube.

7. braced structures according to claim 5, wherein, described water body is that ocean and described water are seawater.

8. braced structures according to claim 7, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube in the splash zone of described braced structures than forever soaking Qu Zhongda in described braced structures.

9. braced structures according to claim 7, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube in the low water stage district of described braced structures than forever soaking Qu Zhongda in described braced structures.

10. braced structures according to claim 7, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube in the intertidal zone of described braced structures than forever soaking Qu Zhongda in described braced structures.

11. braced structures according to claim 7, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube is larger than the zone that is arranged under water in described braced structures forever soaking in the district of described braced structures.

12. a barricade, described barricade is made of a plurality of pile tubes according to claim 1, and section's section of described pile tube is driven in the soil, and the section section longitudinal axis almost parallel ground of described pile tube and arrange along common approximate horizontal line.

13. barricade according to claim 12, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube changes according to described expection corrosion rate approx, and in pile tube one or more pipe section section in its pipe section section than in other pipe section sections, having larger material thickness.

14. barricade according to claim 12, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube changes according to the lateral stress that expection applies approx, and in one or more the pipe section sections of at least one pile tube in its pipe section section than in other pipe section sections, having larger material thickness.

15. barricade according to claim 12, described barricade arranges along the bank of water body, and remains on soil opposing on the side of described barricade and be positioned at empty G﹠W on the opposite side.

16. barricade according to claim 15, wherein, described water body is that ocean and described water are seawater.

17. barricade according to claim 16, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube in the splash zone of described barricade than forever soaking Qu Zhongda at described barricade.

18. barricade according to claim 16, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube in the low water stage district of described barricade than forever soaking Qu Zhongda at described barricade.

19. barricade according to claim 16, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube in the intertidal zone of described barricade than forever soaking Qu Zhongda at described barricade.

20. barricade according to claim 16, wherein, the described material thickness of described pile tube is larger than the zone that is arranged under water at described barricade forever soaking in the district of described barricade.

21. barricade according to claim 12 also comprises the pile tube Connection Element, described pile tube Connection Element is soldered to the opposite side of a plurality of described pile tubes.

22. barricade according to claim 21, wherein, described pile tube Connection Element interlocks between adjacent pile tube.

23. barricade according to claim 21 also comprises at least one sheet pile that is arranged between two adjacent pile tubes, described sheet pile and the Connection Element interlocking that is soldered to described adjacent pile tube.

24. barricade according to claim 23, wherein, described sheet pile has U-shaped cross-section.

25. barricade according to claim 23, wherein, described sheet pile has Z-shaped cross section.