CN103309816A - Solid hard disk, electronic device with solid hard disk and dynamic capacity control method of solid hard disk - Google Patents
Solid hard disk, electronic device with solid hard disk and dynamic capacity control method of solid hard disk Download PDFInfo
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- CN103309816A CN103309816A CN2013102113353A CN201310211335A CN103309816A CN 103309816 A CN103309816 A CN 103309816A CN 2013102113353 A CN2013102113353 A CN 2013102113353A CN 201310211335 A CN201310211335 A CN 201310211335A CN 103309816 A CN103309816 A CN 103309816A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solid hard disk (SSD), an electronic device with the SSD and a dynamic capacity control method of the SSD. The electronic device comprises a host end and the SSD, wherein the SSD comprises an SSD memory unit for storing data and an SSD controller which communicates with the host end and is used for controlling the SSD memory unit; the SSD controller comprises a flash memory management unit; and the flash memory management unit is used for managing reserved flash memory blocks, counting the number of the reserved flash memory blocks, replacing a damaged block with one of the reserved flash memory blocks when the damaged block occurs in a process of using the SSD, reducing the effective capacity of the SSD when the number of the reserved flash memory blocks is lower than a preset threshold value, supplementing excess flash memory blocks due to capacity adjustment as the reserved flash memory blocks, and adjusting a file allocation table of the SSD to fit new capacity of the SSD after adjustment. Therefore, the service life of the SSD is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of storage, relate in particular to dynamic capacity control method and the device of a kind of solid state hard disc (SSD, Solid State Disk).
Background technology
Be widely used has had many years to conventional hard (be also sometimes referred to as hard disk drive, Hard Disk Drive is called for short HDDs).It comes record data by the mode of magnetized magnetic material, by the magnetic that detects magnetisable material data is read.Common hard disk generally includes rotating shaft (spindle) and is immobilizated in one or more flattened round discs that are called as magnetic disc dish (platter) in the rotating shaft, described magnetic disc dish is to be made by non-magnetic materials such as glass or aluminium, be coated with very thin one deck magnetisable material on it to form magnetic surface, data just are recorded on the magnetic surface of magnetic disc dish.Although conventional hard is that it has almost captured all needs the application of large storage capacity and high read or write speed mechanically in operation.
Flash memory (Flash Memory) is nonvolatile memory, that is to say that it still can maintain the information that is stored in it after power down.In addition, flash memory has than hard disk read or write speed and better anti-seismic performance faster.Yet following period of time in the past, the high price of flash memory have stoped it to enter the mass storage device field.Along with declining to a great extent and the lasting rising of capacity of the price of flash memory in recent years, flash memory formula data storage device (also can be called as solid state hard disc, Solid State Disk is called for short SSD) owing to it not only can provide higher relatively memory capacity but also can provide the reliability of height and anti-seismic performance to obtain paying close attention to widely.
Usually, the capacity of solid state hard disc is just decided when dispatching from the factory, afterwards the capacity of this solid state hard disc will be can be in change, be the capacity of 32G just such as the solid state hard disc of a 32G always.
Yet solid state hard disc some bad pieces may occur in process of production, therefore need when dispatching from the factory these bad pieces be got rid of, and in addition, solid state hard disc in use also bad piece can dynamically occur.In order to guarantee the capacity of solid state hard disc, present way is that the flash block of reservation some when dispatching from the factory when bad piece occurring, is just replaced described bad piece with the flash block of reserving.At present, the dynamic probability that bad piece occurs of the flash memory of new processing procedure (20/10nm technology) is higher than the flash memory of old processing procedure (greater than 20nm technology) far away.
Also there are the following problems adopt to reserve the mode of flash block of some, and first, the capacity in the time of can reducing solid state hard disc and dispatch from the factory; If the second bad number of blocks that dynamically occurs has surpassed the flash block number of reserving, then can directly cause described SSD not to be used again.
Summary of the invention
At problems of the prior art, the present invention puts forward a kind of dynamic capacity control method and device of solid state hard disc, it can dynamically adjust the capacity of solid state hard disc, even if a large amount of bad pieces appears in the flash memory in the solid state hard disc, this solid state hard disc still can continue operate as normal.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of electronic installation that uses solid state hard disc, described electronic installation comprises host side and the solid state hard disc that is connected with host side, described solid state hard disc include the SSD storage unit of carrying out data storages and with host side communication and SSD controller that the SSD storage unit is controlled.Described SSD controller comprises the flash memory management unit, described flash memory management unit manages the flash block of reserving, and add up current reservation flash block number, after in the solid state hard disc use, a bad piece occurring, described bad piece is replaced with one that reserves in the flash block in described flash memory management unit, when described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, host side is initiatively inquired about the reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc to described solid state hard disc, when learning that described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, current reservation flash block number can be added up in described flash memory management unit, and judge whether described current reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, if be lower than described predetermined threshold, then described flash memory management unit can be circulated a notice of to described host side, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, the amplitude that each capacity is turned down is determined as required.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, include the capability register of the useful capacity of the described solid state hard disc of storage in the described flash memory management unit, each capacity need change the numerical value in this capability register when adjusting.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of solid state hard disc, its include the SSD storage unit of carrying out data storages and with host side communication and SSD controller that the SSD storage unit is controlled.Described SSD controller comprises the flash memory management unit, described flash memory management unit manages the flash block of reserving, and add up current reservation flash block number, behind bad piece of appearance, described bad piece is replaced with one that reserves in the flash block in described flash memory management unit in the solid state hard disc use.When described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, include the capability register of the useful capacity of the described solid state hard disc of storage in the described flash memory management unit, each capacity need change the numerical value in this capability register when adjusting.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of dynamic capacity control method of solid state hard disc, described solid state hard disc links to each other with a host side, described solid state hard disc include the SSD storage unit of carrying out data storages and with host side communication and SSD controller that the SSD storage unit is controlled, it comprises: whether the reservation flash block number of judging described solid state hard disc is lower than predetermined threshold; When described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, described SSD controller comprises the flash memory management unit, described flash memory management unit manages described reservation flash block, and add up current reservation flash block number, a bad piece occurs in the solid state hard disc use after, described bad piece is replaced with one that reserves in the flash block in described flash memory management unit.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, host side is initiatively inquired about the reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc to described solid state hard disc, when learning that described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
As one embodiment of the present of invention, current reservation flash block number can be added up in described flash memory management unit, and judge whether described current reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, if be lower than described predetermined threshold, then described flash memory management unit can be circulated a notice of to described host side, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
Compared with prior art, when the quantity of reservation flash block is lower than predetermined threshold in the solid state hard disc in the present invention, then turn down the capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block in the described solid state hard disc is replenished to reserving flash block, can dynamically adjust the capacity of solid state hard disc like this, avoid the situation that dynamic bad number of blocks has surpassed the flash block number of reserving occurring, thereby prolonged the serviceable life of solid state hard disc.Because beginning the time can arrange less reservation flash block, the capacity in the time of therefore can improving solid state hard disc and dispatch from the factory.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the electronic installation structured flowchart in one embodiment of use solid state hard disc of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the dynamic capacity control method process flow diagram in one embodiment of solid state hard disc of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated.
Detailed description of the present invention is mainly come the running of direct or indirect simulation technical solution of the present invention by program, step, logical block, process or other symbolistic descriptions.Be the thorough the present invention that understands, in ensuing description, stated a lot of specific detail.And when not having these specific detail, the present invention then may still can realize.Under those of skill in the art use herein these descriptions and the statement work essence of effectively introducing them to the others skilled in the art in the affiliated field.In other words, be the purpose of the present invention of avoiding confusion, because the understanding easily of the method for knowing and program, so they are not described in detail.
Alleged " embodiment " or " embodiment " refers to be contained in special characteristic, structure or the characteristic at least one implementation of the present invention herein.Different local in this manual " in one embodiment " that occur not are all to refer to same embodiment, neither be independent or the embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiment optionally.
Fig. 1 shows the electronic installation structured flowchart in one embodiment of use solid state hard disc of the present invention.Described electronic installation can be electronic installations such as smart mobile phone, platform computer, notebook computer or desktop computer.Described electronic installation comprises host side 100 and the solid state hard disc 200 that is connected with host side.Can comprise primary processor and internal memory etc. in the described host side 100, it is responsible for the basic operation of electronic equipment, and described solid state hard disc 200 is that of described host side 100 is from equipment.Described solid state hard disc 200 include the SSD storage unit 210 of carrying out data storages and with host side 100 communications and SSD controller 220 that SSD storage unit 210 is controlled.
Described SSD controller 220 comprises flash memory management unit 221.In order to tackle the bad piece of dynamic appearance, described solid state hard disc can be reserved the flash block of some as standby, and the flash block of the 221 pairs of reservations in described flash memory management unit manages, and adds up current reservation flash block number.A bad piece occurs in solid state hard disc 200 uses after, described flash memory management unit 221 usefulness are reserved a described bad piece of replacement in the flash block, and described like this solid state hard disc 200 still can operate as normal, is that described reservation flash block number will reduce.
When described reservation flash block number was lower than predetermined threshold, described host side 100 was adjusted program with the startup capacity.
In one embodiment, host side 100 can initiatively be inquired about the reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc to described solid state hard disc 200, can inquire about with SMART order or custom command, when described host side 100 was lower than predetermined threshold at described reservation flash block number, then the startup capacity was adjusted program.Concrete, in the time of can starting, described host side 100 also can be every the schedule time initiatively to the reservation flash block number of the described solid state hard disc of described solid state hard disc 200 inquiries at every turn, such as 1 day or 1 week, initiatively inquire about the once reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc to described solid state hard disc 200.
In another embodiment, current reservation flash block number can be added up in described flash memory management unit 221, and judge whether described current reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, if be lower than described predetermined threshold, then described flash memory management unit 221 meetings are to described host side 100 these situations of circular, described host side 100 is when recognizing that described current reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, and the startup capacity is adjusted program.
When carrying out capacity adjustment program, can turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, to extra flash block replenish to reserving flash block owing to turning down of capacity, the file allocation table (FAT) of solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc, can keep abundant reservation flash block so always, the capacity of described solid state hard disc also no longer is the capacity of fixing, but the capacity of dynamically changeable equally also can guarantee that described solid state hard disc can continue to use this moment.The described amplitude of turning down can be determined as required, such as the capacity that can turn down 100M at every turn.
Use in the example at one, the useful capacity of supposing solid state hard disc 200 is 32G, when reserving the flash block number less than 20, capacity such as each block is approximately 256KB to 20MB, then the useful capacity with described solid state hard disc is adjusted into 31.8G from 32G, because it is to reserve flash block that capacity adjustment and the flash block of extra 200M will be added, and so just has abundant reservation flash block to use, the while capacity of described solid state hard disc still can operate as normal when 31.8G.Along with, the use of described solid state hard disc 200, when described reservation flash block number may be again less than 20, can adjust the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc again, such as being adjusted into 31.6G from 31.8G.Like this, described solid state hard disc just can use down always, thereby has prolonged the serviceable life of solid state hard disc.Because beginning the time can arrange less reservation flash block, the capacity in the time of therefore can improving solid state hard disc and dispatch from the factory.
In one embodiment, include the capability register of the useful capacity of the described solid state hard disc of storage in the described flash memory management unit 221, need change the numerical value in this capability register at every turn when adjusting capacity.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention can also be embodied as a kind of dynamic capacity control method of solid state hard disc.Fig. 2 shows the dynamic capacity control method process flow diagram in one embodiment of solid state hard disc of the present invention, and it comprises the steps:
Step 310 is determined the reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc.
Described SSD controller comprises the flash memory management unit, described flash memory management unit manages described reservation flash block, and add up current reservation flash block number, behind bad piece of appearance, described bad piece is replaced with one that reserves in the flash block in described flash memory management unit in the solid state hard disc use.Can include storage in the described flash memory management unit and reserve the register of flash block number, can obtain current up-to-date reservation flash block number by this register.
Step 320 judges whether the reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc is lower than predetermined threshold.
Step 330, when described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
In one embodiment, host side is initiatively inquired about the reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc to described solid state hard disc, when learning that described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
In one embodiment, current reservation flash block number can be added up in described flash memory management unit, and judge whether described current reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, if be lower than described predetermined threshold, then described flash memory management unit can be circulated a notice of to described host side, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
Though described the present invention by embodiment, those of ordinary skills know, the present invention has many distortion and variation and do not break away from spirit of the present invention, wish that appended claim comprises these distortion and variation and do not break away from spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. electronic installation that uses solid state hard disc, described electronic installation comprises host side and the solid state hard disc that is connected with host side, described solid state hard disc include the SSD storage unit of carrying out data storages and with host side communication and SSD controller that the SSD storage unit is controlled
Described SSD controller comprises the flash memory management unit, described flash memory management unit manages the flash block of reserving, and adds up current reservation flash block number, a bad piece appears in the solid state hard disc use and after, described bad piece is replaced with one that reserves in the flash block in described flash memory management unit
When described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
2. electronic installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, host side is initiatively inquired about the reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc to described solid state hard disc, when learning that described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
3. electronic installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, current reservation flash block number can be added up in described flash memory management unit, and judge whether described current reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, if be lower than described predetermined threshold, then described flash memory management unit can be circulated a notice of to described host side, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
4. electronic installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the amplitude that each capacity is turned down is determined as required.
5. electronic installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, includes the capability register of the useful capacity of the described solid state hard disc of storage in the described flash memory management unit, and each capacity need change the numerical value in this capability register when adjusting.
6. solid state hard disc, its include the SSD storage unit of carrying out the data storage and with host side communication and SSD controller that the SSD storage unit is controlled,
Described SSD controller comprises the flash memory management unit, described flash memory management unit manages the flash block of reserving, and adds up current reservation flash block number, a bad piece appears in the solid state hard disc use and after, described bad piece is replaced with one that reserves in the flash block in described flash memory management unit
When described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc, include the capability register of the useful capacity of the described solid state hard disc of storage in the described flash memory management unit, each capacity need change the numerical value in this capability register when adjusting.
7. the dynamic capacity control method of a solid state hard disc, described solid state hard disc links to each other with a host side, described solid state hard disc includes the SSD storage unit of carrying out data storages and with the host side communication and to the SSD controller that the SSD storage unit is controlled, it is characterized in that it comprises:
Whether the reservation flash block number of judging described solid state hard disc is lower than predetermined threshold;
When described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
8. dynamic capacity control method according to claim 7 is characterized in that,
Described SSD controller comprises the flash memory management unit, described flash memory management unit manages described reservation flash block, and add up current reservation flash block number, behind bad piece of appearance, described bad piece is replaced with one that reserves in the flash block in described flash memory management unit in the solid state hard disc use.
9. dynamic capacity control method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, host side is initiatively inquired about the reservation flash block number of described solid state hard disc to described solid state hard disc, when learning that described reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
10. dynamic capacity control method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, current reservation flash block number can be added up in described flash memory management unit, and judge whether described current reservation flash block number is lower than predetermined threshold, if be lower than described predetermined threshold, then described flash memory management unit can be circulated a notice of to described host side, described host side startup capacity is adjusted program to turn down the useful capacity of described solid state hard disc, extra flash block owing to the capacity adjustment is replenished to reserving flash block, in addition the file allocation table of described solid state hard disc is adjusted with the new size after the adjustment that is fit to described solid state hard disc.
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| CN109584945A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 希耐克斯实验室公司 | Storage system and its operating method with mechanism of Machine Learning |
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| CN117149093A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-12-01 | 四川省华存智谷科技有限责任公司 | Method for improving reliability of storage system through SSD (solid State disk) capacity shrinkage |
| CN117149093B (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2024-03-26 | 四川省华存智谷科技有限责任公司 | Method for improving reliability of storage system through SSD (solid State disk) capacity shrinkage |
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Application publication date: 20130918 |