CN103308922B - Dual-wavelength pulse laser distance measuring device and method utilizing single laser and single channel - Google Patents
Dual-wavelength pulse laser distance measuring device and method utilizing single laser and single channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103308922B CN103308922B CN201310221659.5A CN201310221659A CN103308922B CN 103308922 B CN103308922 B CN 103308922B CN 201310221659 A CN201310221659 A CN 201310221659A CN 103308922 B CN103308922 B CN 103308922B
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Abstract
The invention provides a dual-wavelength pulse laser distance measuring device and method utilizing a single laser and a single channel. The device comprises the layer, a beam splitter, a frequency multiplication component, an optical delay component, a beam combiner and a detector. The laser is used for providing a first laser beam with a first wavelength. The beam splitter is used for dividing the first laser beam into a first part of the first laser beam and a second part of the first laser beam. The frequency multiplication component is used for using the first part of the first laser beam to form a second laser beam with a second wavelength. The optical delay component is used for delaying the second part of the first laser beam. The beam combiner is used for combining the second part of the first laser beam and the second laser beam into the same light path and transmitting the second part of the first laser beam and the second laser beam in the same light path to a target. The detector is used for detecting energy generated after the second part of the first laser beam and the second laser beam are reflected by the object so as to measure the distance of the target. By the device, different operation wavelengths can be chosen flexibility according to different detectors and operation conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser ranging technique field, particularly relate to a kind of utilize single laser instrument single channel to realize double-wavelength pulse laser ranging system and method.
Background technology
Classic method adopts dual-wavelength laser to carry out range finding and is used for satellite laser ranging, by the two-way time of two wavelength on testing distance and both differences, obtain distance value and modified value, do not need to carry out Atmospheric corrections, millimetre-sized high distance accuracy can be reached, the range finding of this dual-wavelength laser requires very high to the laser system of stadimeter, timing device and photodetector etc., general employing hyperchannel is launched or receiving system, and measurement mechanism is complicated, service condition requires harshness, equipment price is expensive, technical difficulty is larger.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of utilize single laser instrument single channel to realize double-wavelength pulse laser ranging system and method.The object of this method does not lie in and realizes high distance accuracy, and is the dirigibility and the adaptability that increase laser ranging system, to improve the maximum ranging distance of range finding.
A kind of double-wavelength pulse laser ranging system utilizing single laser instrument single channel to realize that the present invention proposes, it comprises:
Laser instrument, for providing first laser beam with first wave length;
Beam splitter, for being divided into Part I and Part II first laser beam by the first laser beam;
Frequency multiplication assembly, for being formed as the second laser beam of second wave length by Part I first laser beam;
Optical delay assembly, for postponing Part II first laser beam, makes this Part II first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target in the scope of required distance accuracy;
Bundling device, is incident to target for described Part II first laser beam and the second laser beam being merged into after in same light path;
Detector, for detecting the energy of Part II first laser beam after target reflection and the generation of the second laser beam, and then the distance of measurement target.
A kind of double-wavelength pulse laser distance measurement method utilizing single laser instrument single channel to realize that the present invention proposes, it comprises:
Step 1, laser instrument launch first laser beam with first wave length.
First laser beam of step 2, first wave length, through beam splitter, is divided into Part I first laser beam and Part II second laser beam.
Step 3, described Part I first laser beam, through frequency multiplication assembly, form the second laser beam of second wave length, and are transmitted to bundling device; Described Part II first laser beam is transmitted to bundling device after optical delay component delays; Wherein, a described optical delay assembly makes this Part II first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target in the scope of required distance accuracy;
Part II first laser beam after step 4, described delay and described second laser beam are merged in same light path through bundling device, and are transmitted to target;
Step 5, detector receive the energy of Part II first laser beam after target reflection and the second laser beam, and then measure to obtain range-to-go.
Do not need to adopt the path-splitting technology of launching light path and receiving light path in the such scheme that the present invention proposes, use single laser instrument to switch flexibly under same light path and launch the laser of dual wavelength, and utilizing same photelectric receiver single channel real-time reception echo.The principle of work of this method, working method, be all different from the traditional double wavelength laser distance-finding method being used for satellite ranging.Because different detector is different to the sensitivity of different wave length, and the visibility of different wave length and to range finding environment penetration capacity also different, such scheme provided by the invention can, according to different detectors and different conditions of work, select different optical maser wavelength to carry out work flexibly.This method realizes simple and convenient, and require low, applied widely to system equipment, operating environment requirements is low, service condition easily realizes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the double-wavelength pulse laser ranging system utilizing single laser instrument single channel to realize in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to optical delay assembly in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation according to optical delay assembly in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the detector Si APD of preferred embodiment of the present invention employing is to the sensitivity schematic diagram of different wave length.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Consult shown in Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of double-wavelength pulse laser ranging system utilizing single laser instrument single channel to realize, this device comprises:
Laser instrument 1, it has the first laser beam of first wave length for providing;
Beam splitter 2, it is for being divided into two parts by the first laser beam;
First catoptron 3, one of two parts of described first laser beam of its reflection;
Frequency multiplication assembly 5, it is the second laser beam of the N frequency multiplication of the first laser beam frequency for one of the two parts by described first laser beam forming frequency, and N is the integer between 2-6;
Wave filter 9, it is for filtering the first laser beam, through the second laser beam;
Optical delay assembly 4, for regulating the light path of another part of described first laser beam, control time postpones, another part first laser beam and the second laser beam is made to arrive the mistiming of target in the scope of required distance accuracy, namely the mistiming of two bundle laser arrival targets is very little, almost arrives target simultaneously;
Second catoptron 7, it is for reflected second laser bundle;
Bundling device 6, for by first laser beam of another part be merged in same light path by the second laser beam that the second catoptron 7 reflects back;
Target 8, it is merged into the first laser beam in same light path and the second laser beam for reflecting simultaneously through bundling device 6;
Detector 10, it for receiving the energy of the first laser beam after being reflected by target 8 and the generation of the second laser beam, and then measures to obtain range-to-go.
Range finder operationally, to target injection beam of laser, the laser beam (light signal being converted into the timer that electric signal feeds back to viameter) reflected by detector receiving target, timer record laser beam, from the mistiming being transmitted into reception, show that observer arrives the measuring distance (measuring distance=light velocity * mistiming/2) of target
Above-mentioned after bundling device 6, second laser beam of first laser beam and frequency-doubled wavelength with first wave length is in same light path, and the first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target 8 in the scope of required distance accuracy, so, the echo of the first laser beam and the second laser beam reflection all can be detected device 10 and received, the energy of the laser received by detector 10 can be strengthened thus, the detectivity of detector 10 is strengthened.
In the such scheme that the present invention proposes, consider due to environment for use as air or the penetrance of undersea ranging to the laser of different wave length different with attenuation rate, if only use single beam laser, due in certain circumstances may be very large to the attenuation rate of single beam laser, detector is caused to detect less than the energy of laser, and then cannot the distance of Measurement accuracy target; And in the present invention, laser is divided into the laser of two bundle different wave lengths, go for different working environments.
By being optimized distribution to first laser beam and the second laser beam with different wave length, make it maximum to detector sensitivity, thus improve maximum ranging distance.
The invention allows for a kind of double-wavelength pulse laser distance measurement method utilizing single laser instrument single channel to realize, it comprises:
Step 1, starts laser instrument 1, and laser instrument 1 launches first laser beam with first wave length.
Step 2, the first laser beam of first wave length propagates into beam splitter 2, and the first laser beam is divided into two parts by beam splitter 2.
Step 3, the laser beam of one of two parts is reflected into frequency multiplication assembly 5 by the first catoptron 3, and forming frequency is the second laser beam of the N frequency multiplication of the first laser beam frequency.Then by wave filter 9, filter the first remaining laser beam, only leave second laser beam with second wave length, then propagate into bundling device 6.On the other hand, another part first laser beam after beam splitter 2 beam splitting, by optical delay assembly 4, also propagates into bundling device 6.
Step 4, first laser beam of the second laser beam and another part is merged in same light path by bundling device 6, and continues forward direction to target 8.
Step 5, target 8 is reflected back the first laser beam and the second laser beam, and is received by detector 10.
Step 6, range finder receives the mistiming of laser beam according to laser instrument 1 Emission Lasers bundle and detector, draws measuring distance.
In the such scheme that the present invention proposes, two laser beam share same light path and laser instrument 1 this light path to target 8, and same detector 10 single channel and target 8 arrive the light path real-time reception echo of detector 10, do not need to adopt the path-splitting technology of launching light path and receiving light path, use single laser instrument to switch flexibly under same light path and launch the laser of dual wavelength, and utilizing same photelectric receiver single channel real-time reception echo.The object of this method does not lie in and realizes high distance accuracy, and is the dirigibility and the adaptability that increase laser ranging system, to improve the maximum ranging distance of range finding.Thus can, according to different detectors and different conditions of work, different optical maser wavelength be selected to carry out work flexibly.
The first described laser beam and the pulse width of the second laser beam are respectively from millisecond to femtosecond scope and first wave length is different from second wave length, and repetition frequency is 1Hz-1GHz, and wavelength coverage is 100nm-5um.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of optical delay assembly in the present invention.Described optical delay assembly 4 comprises the two pairs of catoptrons be positioned on mobile platform, and often pair of catoptron is made up of two mutually perpendicular catoptrons, and often pair of catoptron is staggered relatively in the horizontal direction.First laser beam is successively through four catoptrons, regulate mobile platform can change the distance of horizontal direction between two pairs of catoptrons, thus changing the light path of the first laser beam, the control time postpones, and makes the first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target in the scope of required distance accuracy.The moving range of described mobile platform is 1nm-10m.
Fig. 3 shows another structural representation of optical delay assembly in the present invention.Described optical delay assembly 4 comprises the two pairs of catoptrons be positioned on mobile platform, and often pair of catoptron is made up of two mutually perpendicular catoptrons, and often pair of catoptron is placed in vertical direction in the same way.First laser beam is successively through four catoptrons, adjustment mobile platform can change the vertical range between two pairs of catoptrons, thus changing the light path of the first laser beam, the control time postpones, and makes the first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target in the scope of required distance accuracy.The moving range of described mobile platform is 1nm-10m.
Described beam splitter 2, splitting ratio scope is 0-99.99%.
Described frequency multiplication assembly 5 is that two frequencys multiplication are to six frequencys multiplication to the octave coverage of the first laser beam.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the easy device of the double-wavelength pulse laser ranging that the utilization list laser instrument single channel that the present invention proposes realizes, it comprises:
Laser instrument 1, for providing first laser beam with first wave length 1064nm;
Beam splitter 2, for the first laser beam is divided into two parts, adopt semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, its saturating inverse ratio is 1: 9.
First catoptron 3, one of reflection two parts first laser beam 1064nm;
Frequency multiplication assembly 5:, for by one of two parts first laser beam 1064nm forming frequency being the second laser beam 532nm of two frequencys multiplication of the first laser beam frequency;
Optical delay assembly 4, for regulating the light path of the first laser beam, makes the first laser beam identical with the mistiming that the second laser beam arrives target;
Second catoptron 7, reflected second laser bundle;
Bundling device 6, for being merged in same light path by the first laser beam and the second laser beam;
Target 8;
Detector 9, adopts the Si APD detector of Excelitas company, model C 30659-900-R8AH.
Fig. 4 shows the detector Si APD that adopts in the present invention to the sensitivity schematic diagram of different wave length.As shown in Figure 4, this detector is at 532nm place, and its response is about 700kV/W; At 1064nm place, its response is about 750kV/W.For air range finding, the laser of 1064nm wavelength and 532nm wavelength, but 532nm is visible ray, some Military Application environment is not easy to hidden, and larger by sunlight interference.For undersea ranging, the penetration power of 532nm wavelength ratio 1064nm wavelength is stronger.Thus, the present invention can select the ratio of two kinds of wavelength according to varying environment, realizes condition of more preferably finding range and range finding distance.
The first described laser beam and the pulse width of the second laser beam are 10ns, and repetition frequency is 1Hz-1GHz, and first wave length is 1064nm, and the second laser beam wavelength through two frequencys multiplication is 532nm.
Described optical delay assembly 4 comprises the two pairs of catoptrons be positioned on mobile platform, often pair of catoptron is made up of two mutually perpendicular catoptrons, regulate this mobile platform can change the distance of two pairs of catoptrons, thus change the light path of the first laser beam, control time postpones, and makes the first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target in the scope of required distance accuracy 5m.The moving range of described mobile platform is 20cm.
After bundling device 6, the second laser of first laser instrument and frequency-doubled wavelength with first wave length is in same light path, and the first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target in the scope 5m of required distance accuracy, so, the echo of the first laser beam and the second laser beam reflection all can be detected device 10 and received, and obtains measuring distance.
First laser beam and second laser beam with different wave length are distributed through optimizing, and make it maximum to the sensitivity of detector 10, thus improve maximum ranging distance.
This method does not need to adopt the path-splitting technology of launching light path and receiving light path, uses single laser instrument to switch flexibly under same light path and launches the laser of dual wavelength, and utilizing same photelectric receiver single channel real-time reception echo.The object of this method does not lie in and realizes high distance accuracy, and is the dirigibility and the adaptability that increase laser ranging system, to improve the maximum ranging distance of range finding.Thus can, according to different detectors and different conditions of work, different optical maser wavelength be selected to carry out work flexibly.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. utilize the double-wavelength pulse laser ranging system that single laser instrument single channel realizes, it comprises:
Laser instrument, for providing first laser beam with first wave length;
Beam splitter, for being divided into Part I and Part II first laser beam by the first laser beam;
First catoptron, its for by described Part I first laser beam reflection to frequency multiplication assembly;
Frequency multiplication assembly, for Part I first laser beam is formed as the second laser beam that frequency is the N frequency multiplication of the first laser beam frequency, N is the integer between 2-6;
Wave filter, for the first laser beam that filtering is residual in the laser beam of frequency multiplication assembly, through the second laser beam;
Optical delay assembly, for postponing Part II first laser beam, makes this Part II first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target in the scope of required distance accuracy;
Second catoptron, its for by the second laser beam reflection to bundling device;
Bundling device, is incident to target for described Part II first laser beam after described optical delay component delays and the second laser beam after the second catoptron reflection being merged into after in same light path;
Detector, for detecting the energy of Part II first laser beam after target reflection and the generation of the second laser beam, and then the distance of measurement target.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the first described laser beam and the pulse width of the second laser beam are respectively from millisecond to femtosecond scope, and first wave length is different from second wave length, and repetition frequency is 1Hz-1GHz, and wavelength coverage is 100nm-5um.
3. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described optical delay assembly is made up of two pairs of catoptrons, and the distance between often pair of catoptron is adjustable.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the adjustable distance scope between described often pair of catoptron is 1nm-10m.
5. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the splitting ratio scope of described beam splitter is 0-99.99%.
6. utilize the double-wavelength pulse laser distance measurement method that single laser instrument single channel realizes, it comprises:
Step 1, laser instrument launch first laser beam with first wave length;
First laser beam of step 2, first wave length, through beam splitter, is divided into Part I first laser beam and Part II second laser beam;
Step 3, the first catoptron by described Part I first laser beam reflection to frequency multiplication assembly;
Step 4, described Part I first laser beam are through frequency multiplication assembly, and forming frequency is the second laser beam of the N frequency multiplication of the first laser beam frequency, and N is the integer between 2-6; The first laser beam that wave filter filtering is residual in the laser beam of frequency multiplication assembly, through the second laser beam, second laser reflexes to bundling device through the second catoptron; Described Part II first laser beam is transmitted to bundling device after optical delay component delays; Wherein, a described optical delay assembly makes this Part II first laser beam and the second laser beam arrive the mistiming of target in the scope of required distance accuracy;
Step 5, Part II first laser beam after described optical delay component delays and described second laser beam after the second catoptron reflection are merged in same light path through bundling device, and are transmitted to target;
Step 6, detector receive the energy of Part II first laser beam after target reflection and the second laser beam, and then measure to obtain range-to-go.
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| CN109239728A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-01-18 | 北京华夏光谷光电科技有限公司 | LD fundamental frequency/frequency multiplication multiwavelength laser complex probe/range-measurement system |
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| US6014216A (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2000-01-11 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Architecture for air-turbulence-compensated dual-wavelength heterodyne interferometer |
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| US6014216A (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2000-01-11 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Architecture for air-turbulence-compensated dual-wavelength heterodyne interferometer |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 双波长卫星激光测距;张忠萍 等;《天文学进展》;20050630;第23卷(第2期);第99-109页 * |
| 双波长激光测距系统及精度的研究;钟声远 等;《激光与红外》;19921231;第22卷(第6期);第53-56页 * |
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