CN103300858A - Three dimensional vascular wall imaging sequence with rapid high isotropy resolution ration - Google Patents
Three dimensional vascular wall imaging sequence with rapid high isotropy resolution ration Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention has the advantages that the signal to noise ration of the three dimensional magnetic resonance vascular wall imaging is improved effectively, and meanwhile, high isotropy resolution ratio is obtained. The invention provides a three dimensional vascular wall imaging sequence with rapid high isotropy resolution ration as shown in figure 1. The three dimensional vascular wall imaging sequence with rapid high isotropy resolution ration comprises a motion-sensitizing driven equilibrium prepulse part 1, a fat suppressed sequence part 2, a three dimensional rapid gradient echo sequence part 3 and a signal relaxation part 4. When the sequences are carried out, the four parts must be carried out in sequence. According to three dimensional vascular wall imaging sequence with rapid high isotropy resolution ration, when the three dimensional rapid gradient echo scanning is carried out, a sub-sampling method of compressed sensing is adopted to carry out sampling to the three dimensional K space, meanwhile, in order to effectively control a blood signal during the sampling, the sampling is carried out according to the pseudo intermediate sequence, after the sampling is accomplished, the data is recovered effectively by adopting nonlinear reconstruction method on the basis of sub-sampling data, so that the high quality three dimensional vascular wall image is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of rf pulse sequence for magnetic resonance blood vessel wall and speckle imaging, and it can provide quick highly isotropic resolution, can be used for the carotid angiostenosis of diagnosis, detects calcify plaque, speckle volume and speckle composition in the blood vessel.
Background technology
Worldwide, because the apoplexy that atherosclerosis causes is a main cause that disables and cause death.Show have every year 4400000 people therefore to lose one's life according to document, and have 5,000 people therefore sick and disabled among every million people.The announcement that on October 10th, 2012 provided according to Ministry of Public Health shows, at present China since the population of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease death accounted for total dead constitute 41%.Although there is multiple reason can cause apoplexy, the main cause that the thrombosis that is caused by breaking of arteria carotis interna medium-sized artery atherosclerotic plaque and thromboembolism are considered to cause apoplexy and transient ischemic attack.Therefore to the accurate imaging of carotid artery vascular wall, determining size, composition and the stability thereof of speckle in it, have very important significance for clinical prevention and the diagnosis of atheromatosis.
In the blood vessel wall imaging technique, because the three-dimensional imaging technology can better show the form of whole blood vessel wall, and provides more images information, thereby caused clinical extensive concern.At present, in clinical, mainly contain following two kinds of magnetic resonance three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequences:
(1) recovers (Double Inversion Recovery, DIR) the three-dimensional steady state free precession sequence of prepulsing (Three-Dimensional Steady-State Free Precession, 3D SSFP) based on two upsets
Ioannis Koktzoglou et al.Three-dimensional Black-Blood MR Imaging of Carotid Arteries with Segmented Steady-State Free Precession:Initial Experience.Radiology.2007; 243:220-228 has described a kind of two upset three-dimensional steady state free precession blood vessel wall imaging sequence.As shown in Figure 1, this sequence comprises that two upsets recover prepulsing 1, fat suppression pulse 2 and three-dimensional steady state free precession sequence 3.During work, select a suitable TI value (for example 600 milliseconds) to suppress blood signal, the α angle is made as 45 ° in steady state free precession, and the α angular phasing differs 180 ° in two adjacent imaging sequences, and the imaging bed thickness can reach 1.5 millimeters in addition.Yet owing to the blood inhibition ability of DIR prepulsing can weaken along with the increase of imaging ulking thickness, so this sequence has the requirement of strictness for the thickness of imaging volume.And since DIR require its imaging direction must with blood flow to perpendicular, this makes this sequence can not choose at random imaging direction.
(2) based on motion sensitive driven equilibrium (Motion-Sensitizing Driven Equilibrium, MSDE) the three-dimensional double echo steady state of prepulsing (3D MSDE-Rapid Gradient Echo, 3D MERGE)
Balu N et al.Carotid plaque assessment using fast 3D isotropic resolution black-blood MRI.Magn Reson Med.2011; 65:627-637 has described a kind of three-dimensional fast gradient echo blood vessel wall imaging sequence based on the motion sensitive driven equilibrium.As shown in Figure 2, this sequence comprises motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing 1, fat suppression pulse 2 and three-dimensional double echo steady state 3.During work, suppress blood signal by the gradient area that three directions are set in motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing, the α angle is made as 6 ° in gradin-echo, the imaging bed thickness can reach 0.7 millimeter, can be at x, y obtains isotropic spatial resolution on three directions of z.This sequence image taking speed is fast, and blood signal suppression is effective, for thicker bed thickness blood flow inhibition is preferably arranged still, and imaging direction is unrestricted.But motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing has following shortcoming: (1) inherent T2 attenuation can cause using the signal to noise ratio (snr) of the blood vessel wall image that this technology obtains to be compared with other sequences will hang down about 20%; (2) its motion sensitive gradient magnitude is generally bigger, therefore can cause eddy current, influences the polymerization of stationary singnal, thereby causes the further loss of signal, influences the diagnostic value of image; (3) owing to there are two 180 ° of pulsus durus to dash, can make that therefore (specific absorption rate, SAR) rising might cause discomfort to the patient to radio frequency (RF) power precipitation.Can not be too thin because the bed thickness of 3D MERGE imaging has been limited in shortcoming (1) and (2), therefore highly isotropic resolution (for example 0.6 millimeter isotropic imaging resolution) can not be further obtained again, thereby blood vessel wall and speckle measurement result more accurately can not be obtained.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the magnetic resonance three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution is used for the carotid artery imaging, this sequence can provide high signal intensity and highly isotropic resolution, thereby raising picture quality makes that the quantitative measurement of blood vessel wall and speckle is more accurate.Simultaneously, this sequence has low SAR value, can be used for clinical more safely.
The present invention is a kind of three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of quick highly isotropic resolution, comprises six parts such as motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing, fat suppression sequence, three-dimensional double echo steady state, signal relaxation part, k space compression perception sub-sampling, sub-sampling k spatial data filling mode and non-linear reconstruction.It is characterized in that: described motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing can suppress blood flow signal effectively, thereby has to comprise the static tissue signal of blood vessel wall and speckle; The fat suppression sequence is used for eliminating blood vessel wall fat signal on every side, thereby makes the blood vessel wall signal show up better; Three-dimensional double echo steady state can be realized fast imaging; The signal relaxation partly refers between two adjacent motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing to increase a waiting time, is used for enhancing signal intensity; 20% full sampling in the middle of k space compression perception sub-sampling refers to, the probability density function of other each points is toward the more and more littler sampling in both sides, k space then; K spatial data filling mode is pseudo-middle order, to suppress blood flow signal effectively; Non-linear reconstruction can reconstruct all data from the sub-sampling data, thereby has guaranteed the quality of image.
The three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of described a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution is characterized in that: adopt motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing to loose to blood flow signal, thereby make imaging volume and imaging direction all unrestricted.
The three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of described a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution is characterized in that: adopt the fat suppression sequence to eliminate blood vessel wall fat signal on every side, thereby make the blood vessel wall signal show up better.
The three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of described a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution is characterized in that: adopt three-dimensional double echo steady state as the imaging chief series, thereby realize scanning fast.
The three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of described a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution, it is characterized in that: adopt a signal relaxation that tissue signals such as blood vessel wall and speckle are enhanced, thereby can select thin layer to carry out imaging, obtain the highly isotropic image in different resolution.
The three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of described a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution is characterized in that: adopt three-dimensional k space compression perception sub-sampling to shorten sweep time, accelerate image taking speed.20% full sampling of k space center, the probability density function of all the other each points is more and more littler toward both sides, k space then.
The three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of described a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution is characterized in that: adopt the filling mode of pseudo-middle order to fill the three-dimensional k of sub-sampling space.Order is that a kind of being used for specially carried out the sampling order that blood flow suppresses in the sub-sampling at random in the middle of pseudo-, and it has guaranteed the blood signal suppression effect that can access in the imaging of sub-sampling blood vessel wall.
The three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of described a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution is characterized in that: adopt non-linear reconstruction to recover the signal that other are not sampled.Non-linear reconstruction can recover out with image from less sampled point, thereby has guaranteed the high image quality under the sub-sampling condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing a kind of three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the three-dimensional blood vessel wall imaging sequence of existing another kind
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment of the invention sequence
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional k of embodiment of the invention space sub-sampling sketch map
Fig. 5 is that embodiment of the invention sub-sampling k spatial data is filled sketch map
The specific embodiment
Below the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as embodiments of the invention, comprise motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing part 1, fat suppression sequence part 2, three-dimensional double echo steady state part 3 and signal relaxation part 4.When sequence was carried out, this four part must be carried out in order.
The motion sensitive gradient of motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing part only is added in a choosing layer direction, is reading gradient and phase-encoding direction does not apply.The amplitude of each motion sensitive gradient is 30mT/m, and the gradient width is 2ms, and the climb rate is 120mT/m/ms.After-90 ° of pulses, loosing is applied to three directions to gradient, eliminates residual magnetization vector.Loosing to the area of gradient is 6000mTms/m, and amplitude is got system's maximum.
The gradient of fat suppression sequence only is carried on the phase code axle, and the whole time is about 30 milliseconds.The α angle of three-dimensional double echo steady state is made as 6 °, and receiver bandwidth is 244Hz/pixel, sequence repetition time (Repetition Time, TR) be 6.7 milliseconds, echo time, (Echo Time TE) was 3 milliseconds, and gtadient echo is carried out number of times (n) and equated with the scanning number of plies.The time of signal relaxation part is the 800-1000 millisecond.
In order to reach the purpose of fast imaging, the present invention adopts compressed sensing sub-sampling method to be sampled in three-dimensional k space, so the three-dimensional double echo steady state of Fig. 3 will carry out sub-sampling when carrying out.As shown in Figure 4, white portion is sampled point, and black part is divided into non-sampled point.Kz direction choosing layer direction phase code, phase code in the ky presentation layer.20% full sampling of k space center, the probability density function of all the other each points is more and more littler toward both sides, k space then.
In order to suppress blood signal effectively, when sub-sampling, to sample in strict accordance with the order of order in the middle of pseudo-.As shown in Figure 5, blueness, orange, green, purple and redness are the random point set of samples.After executing motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing and fat suppression pulse, will in three-dimensional double echo steady state, gather one group in these groups at every turn.And when gathering, in the aspect phase code circulates in, outside phase code circulates in the layer, so all can carry out earlier along all phase codes of kz direction at every turn.Here each number of gathering equals the number of plies, and namely the element number of every group of collection equals the number of plies 8 in Fig. 5.But except the red group, because red group is last group, so number probably can be less than the number of plies.The k space fill order of order in the middle of the numeral of the leftmost side is sampled entirely.Each group circle is represented a phase code.This element of the numeral of circle inside is in the acquisition order of this group, and if when the colleague has two or more element mutually, purple group for example, so just element that should one's own profession is all is gathered next element after all having gathered again.
At last, after k space sub-sampling data obtain, carry out non-linear reconstruction.It is that the sub-sampling image that obtains is asked that the compressed sensing nonlinear images is rebuild
Normal form minimizes,
minimize||Φm-y||
2+λ
W||Ψm||
1+λ
TVTV(m)，
Wherein Φ is sub-sampling Fourier operator, and Ψ represents sparse territory, and m represents the image that requires, and y represents the Fourier number certificate that sub-sampling obtains, the difference of TV presentation video,
Wherein, x presentation video.
In process of reconstruction, λ
WSpan is between the 0.10-0.20, λ
TVSpan be between the 0.03-0.08.Ψ can get wavelet field also can get unit matrix.
Claims (10)
1. the present invention is a kind of three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of quick highly isotropic resolution, comprise motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing (MSDE), the fat suppression sequence, three-dimensional double echo steady state (3D GRE), the signal relaxation time (TD), k space compression perception sub-sampling, six parts such as k spatial data filling mode and non-linear reconstruction, it is characterized in that: described motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing can suppress blood flow signal effectively, the fat suppression sequence is eliminated the fat signal around the blood vessel wall, three-dimensional double echo steady state is realized fast imaging, signal relaxation time enhancing signal intensity, k space compression perception sub-sampling is further accelerated imaging, shorten sweep time, k spatial data filling mode is pseudo-middle order, to suppress blood flow signal effectively, non-linear reconstruction can reconstruct all data from the sub-sampling data, guarantee the quality of image.
2. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing to loose to blood flow signal, not only can suppress blood flow signal effectively, and imaging volume and imaging direction are all unrestricted.
3. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing, loosing only is arranged on a choosing layer direction to gradient, does not arrange and looses to gradient reading gradient and phase-encoding direction.
4. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: after motion sensitive driven equilibrium prepulsing, adopt the fat suppression sequence to eliminate blood vessel wall fat signal on every side, thereby make the blood vessel wall signal show up better.
5. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: adopt three-dimensional double echo steady state as the imaging chief series, thereby realize quick three-dimensional scanning.
6. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: adopt a waiting time to make signal carry out relaxation so that tissue signals such as blood vessel wall and speckle are enhanced, and then can select thin layer to carry out imaging, obtain the highly isotropic image in different resolution.
7. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: when carrying out the scanning of three-dimensional double echo steady state, adopt k space compression perception sub-sampling to shorten sweep time, accelerate image taking speed.
8. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: 20% full sampling of three-dimensional k space center, the probability density function of all the other each points is more and more littler toward both sides, k space then.
9. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: adopt the filling mode of pseudo-middle order to fill sub-sampling k space, thereby in sub-sampling blood vessel wall image, suppressed blood signal effectively, guaranteed blood vessel wall picture quality.
10. the three-dimensional blood vessel wall nuclear magnetic resonance sequence of a kind of quick highly isotropic resolution as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: adopt non-linear algorithm for reconstructing to come reconstructed image, guaranteed the high image quality under the sub-sampling, and when rebuilding λ
WSpan is between the 0.10-0.20, λ
TVSpan be between the 0.03-0.08.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN105596003A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Lower limb deep venous thrombus magnetic resonance imaging method and device |
| CN108143417A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 广州医科大学 | Deep vein thrombosis MR imaging method, device, medium and computer equipment |
| CN108363026A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-03 | 奥泰医疗系统有限责任公司 | A kind of black blood MR imaging method of fat compacting |
| CN108416819A (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-08-17 | 南京医科大学 | A kind of compression sampling MR image reconstruction method based on curvelet-fista |
| WO2020019852A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-30 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Method and apparatus for inhibiting cerebrospinal fluid signal in vascular wall imaging, and device and medium |
| CN112020657A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-12-01 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Self-navigation in three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging |
| CN112075934A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-15 | 清华大学 | Magnetic resonance single-sequence multi-parameter quantitative imaging system for identifying carotid plaque |
| CN112834970A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 苏州朗润医疗系统有限公司 | Method for improving TOF3D resolution by k-space enhancement for magnetic resonance imaging |
| US11609293B2 (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2023-03-21 | Siemens Healthcare Gmbh | Fat saturation technique with linear flexible reordering and bloch equation calculation techniques |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN105596003A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-25 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Lower limb deep venous thrombus magnetic resonance imaging method and device |
| CN105596003B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2019-08-02 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of lower-limb deep veins thrombus MR imaging method and device |
| CN108143417A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-12 | 广州医科大学 | Deep vein thrombosis MR imaging method, device, medium and computer equipment |
| CN108416819A (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-08-17 | 南京医科大学 | A kind of compression sampling MR image reconstruction method based on curvelet-fista |
| CN108363026A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-03 | 奥泰医疗系统有限责任公司 | A kind of black blood MR imaging method of fat compacting |
| CN112020657A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-12-01 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Self-navigation in three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging |
| WO2020019852A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-30 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Method and apparatus for inhibiting cerebrospinal fluid signal in vascular wall imaging, and device and medium |
| US11609293B2 (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2023-03-21 | Siemens Healthcare Gmbh | Fat saturation technique with linear flexible reordering and bloch equation calculation techniques |
| CN112075934A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-15 | 清华大学 | Magnetic resonance single-sequence multi-parameter quantitative imaging system for identifying carotid plaque |
| CN112834970A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 苏州朗润医疗系统有限公司 | Method for improving TOF3D resolution by k-space enhancement for magnetic resonance imaging |
| CN112834970B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-12-20 | 苏州朗润医疗系统有限公司 | Method for improving TOF3D resolution by k-space enhancement for magnetic resonance imaging |
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