CN103299899A

CN103299899A - Momordica grosvenori crossbreeding technology

Info

Publication number: CN103299899A
Application number: CN2013101175598A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张会新; 王小英
Original assignee: HUAIHUA BOYA HUINONG TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huaihua Xing Chong Biotechnology Co. Ltd.
Priority date: 2013-04-07
Filing date: 2013-04-07
Publication date: 2013-09-18
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-07
Also published as: CN103299899B

Abstract

The invention relates to a technical method for cultivating a good high-yield and high-resistance tetraploid sextuploid momordica variety by hybridizing sextuploid momordica grosvenori with diploid momordica grosvenori.

Description

A kind of Momordica grosvenori crossbreeding technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of use hexaploid and the hybridization of dliploid Momordica grosvenori, cultivate the technical method of good high yield high resistance tetraploid Momordica grosvenori kind.

Background technology

Momordica grosvenori is a kind of rare medicinal herbs.Traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy thinks, Momordica grosvenori is sweet, sour, and is cool in nature, clearing heat and cooling blood arranged, the effects such as the cough-relieving of promoting the production of body fluid, laxation toxin expelling, tender skin benefit face, moistening lung for removing phlegm.Suitable especially. often smoking, alcohol user, easily get angry, lung functions person drinks.. still on New Year's Day or other festivals, present friend's excellent health products.Momordica grosvenori is as the Guangxi special product, and establishing in large scale has higher economic worth.Momordica grosvenori has rascal, rubbish river, Chang Tan, red hair, wax gourd, 6 kinds in tea hill.Because advantages such as output is higher, strong adaptabilities, rascal fruit cultivated area is up to more than 90%.

Conventional crossbreeding can be combined to hybrid to the merit that is scattered on the different parents, obtains to have the new varieties of the advantages such as high yield high resistance to cold and diseases.We utilize the polyploid material to combine with the crossbreeding means of routine, have manually obtained the allopolyploid material of high yield high resistance.

According to bibliographical information (Yan Haifeng, 2011): take the Momordica grosvenori dliploid as contrast, when studying the biological character between dliploid and triploid, the tetraploid plant, ground stem, leaf area, the leaf of finding Momordica grosvenori plant is thick, pore length and width, the vertical footpath of ovary, ovary transverse diameter etc. all show: greater than dliploid, and the difference of most proterties between Different Ploidy all reaches significance level to tetraploid greater than triploid.Also find in to the research of wheat: tetraploid is better than dliploid, and hexaploid is better than again tetraploid.

The application of colchicine becomes an important means of modern breeding work so that polyploid breeding becomes possibility by artificial induction's polyploid.Artificial induction's polyploid Momordica grosvenori can significantly improve the position output such as root, stem, leaf, fruit, strengthens resistance, improves active component content, and wherein the triploid Momordica grosvenori also has the characteristic without seed, improves whole fruit availability and sweet glycosides and extracts yield.A lot of R﹠D institutions are all striving to find better triploid strain.Although the fertility of triploid Momordica grosvenori is low to be a very rare merit, can obtain the kind without seed or few seed, less this shortcoming of seedless monordica grosvenori kind fruit not yet is resolved, so that this veriety difficulty is applied to produce.

Autotetraploid plant with colchicine-induced is compared with dliploid, and huge property appears in the part organ, but poor growth also occurred, and branch is few, the shortcomings such as delay breeding time.The allopolyploid autopolyploid of comparing not only has all advantages that autopolyploid has, and the allele heterozygosity of allopolyploid has enriched their genetic background, thereby improved their genetic adaptation simultaneously.But the polyploid material that naturally doubles is very rare.

The present invention is hybridized with the dliploid Momordica grosvenori of hexaploid and field acquisition, has obtained new allotetraploid, is the new varieties with good economical character.With the allotetraploid that obtains of method of hybridization, compare with the autotetraploid of the colchicine-induced of routine, except the principal character " huge property " with plant polyploid, also integrated the excellent genes in the male parent.Because polyploid plant is metabolic vigorous, but poor growth finally causes more organic matter accumulation, so that the active ingredient of plant, particularly medicinal plant accumulation.We use wild material from field acquisition as parent sire of hybrid pigs, make our filial generation except high yield, also have stronger resistance.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of hexaploid Momordica grosvenori material.

Described hexaploid Momordica grosvenori material is to obtain in the experiment of the Momordica grosvenori female plant being carried out chromosome doubling with colchicine.In experiment, the inventor finds, the Momordica grosvenori Diploid and Tetraploid in theory, a part of improper pentaploid that doubles and hexaploid have also occurred.One of them pentaploid material Z-167 is carried out ploidy flow cytometry the result as shown in Figure 1, one of them hexaploid material Z-123 is carried out result's as shown in Figure 2 (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2) of the flow cytometry of ploidy.Because the immense value of hexaploid material in production application, batch material after the inventor induces by a large amount of screening chromosome doublings, and in conjunction with flow cytometer the ploidy of described material has been carried out repeated detection, obtained several stable hexaploid strains.

By detecting a series of indexs of above-mentioned hexaploid strain, find the dliploid material of hexaploid material compared routine, have climing sturdy, the advantages such as blade is abundant, dark green leaf color of stem, but the shortcomings such as poor growth, upper canopy are late, branch is less are also arranged.So in the present invention with hexaploid material and the hybridization of dliploid material, the offspring that hybridization obtains, can overcome above shortcoming, make the new varieties that obtain not only have large, the sweet salidroside content advantages of higher of polyploid fruit, can also make the level of growth of whole plant be tending towards normal cultivar.

The present invention also provides a kind of new crossbreeding technology, and described crossbreeding technology is hybridized as male parent take dliploid Momordica grosvenori staminiferous plant take hexaploid Momordica grosvenori female plant as maternal, obtains tetraploid Momordica grosvenori.More specifically, the present invention has obtained new allotetraploid material with the Momordica grosvenori hexaploid female plant of above-mentioned acquisition and the dliploid Momordica grosvenori staminiferous plant hybridization of field acquisition, and described allotetraploid material is the new varieties with good economical character.

Allotetraploid with above-mentioned cross method acquisition, compare with the autotetraploid of the colchicine-induced of routine, except the principal character " huge property " with plant polyploid, also integrated the excellent genes in the male parent, this is because wild male parent material, through for many years open-air adverse circumstance screening of the Nature, the resistance that has adapted to various mal-conditions and obtained the Various Diseases insect pest, so that its filial generation has more excellent resistance, and overcome slowly shortcoming of polyploid Material growth, made the growth rate of whole plant comprise the canopy time, branch amount, flowering time and number of results are tending towards normal level.In addition, because all to some extent increases of the content of the nutriments such as the carbohydrate in the polyploid plant body and protein, and more organic matter and secondary metabolites accumulation, so that the active ingredient of plant, particularly medicinal plant has obtained better accumulation.Further, the present invention adopts wild diploid Momordica grosvenori material from field acquisition as parent sire of hybrid pigs, make filial generation that the present invention obtains by above-mentioned cross method except high yield, can also make the level of growth of plant be tending towards normal cultivar, and have stronger resistance, this has important using value in the production application of reality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow cytometry figure of Momordica grosvenori pentaploid material z-167.

The flow cytometry figure of Fig. 2 Momordica grosvenori hexaploid material z-123.

Fig. 3 is the flow cytometry figure of the Momordica grosvenori dliploid male parent material SYRC of wild type.

Fig. 4 is the tetraploid offspring's of hexaploid and diploid hybrid acquisition flow cytometry figure.

Fig. 5 is that fruit and the commodity that the tetraploid of hexaploid and diploid hybrid acquisition is tied really compare.

Embodiment

The acquisition of embodiment 1. hexaploid Momordica grosvenori female plants

Use colchicine, dliploid Momordica grosvenori female plant is carried out chromosome doubling.In experimenting, we find out that, except the dliploid in the theory, outside the tetraploid, a part of improper 5 times of bodies that double and 6 times of bodies (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2) have also appearred, by a large amount of screenings, and repeatedly the streaming ploidy detects, and we have obtained several 6 times of stable body strains.

Choose that field performance growth is vigorous, branch is many, it is too much to bloom early, hang, the female plant of better resistance is as female parent, the maternal material of choosing is taken back the laboratory, use first a large amount of aseptic water washings, 70% alcohol disinfecting 30 seconds, 2% clorox sterilization 3 minutes, behind aseptic water washing 3 times, be inoculated on the MS medium, induce object with this aseptic seedling material conduct.Cut the tender shoots stem apex of above-mentioned aseptic maternal material, with 0.2% colchicine-induced 60 hours, on the MS medium, continue after inducing to cultivate.

Cultivate approximately about 30 days, cut 2 in the tender shoots blade of the maternal material after the above-mentioned colchicine-induced, carry out ploidy analysis with flow cytometer, filter out the hexaploid strain, and the strain that will be accredited as hexaploid places and continues on the MS medium to cultivate.In the present invention, more than 3 times, the strain that all is accredited as hexaploid has 7 through the flow cytometer repetitive identified, and figure is as shown in Figure 2 as a result for the flow cytometry of one of them strain.

Embodiment 2. application of hexaploid Momordica grosvenori female plant in crossbreeding

The hexaploid Momordica grosvenori female plant z-123 that is obtained in the embodiment 1 etc. as hybridization maternal, maternal as hybridization with the dliploid Momordica grosvenori staminiferous plant material SYRC of wild type.Wherein, the flow cytometry result of described dliploid Momordica grosvenori staminiferous plant material as male parent as shown in Figure 3, its Ploidy Identification is the result show, this material is dliploid.

With the hexaploid female plant of implementing to obtain in 1, and above-mentioned dliploid Momordica grosvenori staminiferous plant material is planted spring simultaneously.Bloom after and male parent material SYRC hybridize.The operating procedure of concrete hybrid experiment is: physically well developing on the 5 point-7 point selection SYRC materials in the morning, a bud just ready to burst or crack male flower, place shady and cool place for subsequent use, collect pollen with bamboo let when treating the opening of hexaploid female flower, then smear lightly on the column cap of female flower, hang up properly label after the pollination.Treat to gather in the crops autumn fruit.

Planting seed in the results fruit in nutritive cube, about 45-60 days, is gathered spire and carries out flow cytometry analysis.Flow cytometry analysis is that the detoxic seedling of 4 times of body female plants (such as accompanying drawing 4) was planted spring next year.Wait the rear distinguishable male and female plant of blooming, to pollinate to female plant with this tetraploid staminiferous plant, concrete grammar is the same.Gather in the crops fruit autumn and be the allotetraploid Lo Han Guo fruit.

In the present invention, the material z-123-t1-1 that obtains by said method is through being accredited as tetraploid, its flow cytometry result as shown in Figure 4, this described tetraploid Momordica grosvenori plant growth is vigorous, main climing sturdy, branch is more, flowering time and conventional variety are as good as, but its fruit generally becomes greatly, and the fruit type is normal, and the comparison diagram of fruit and the large fruit of commodity as shown in Figure 5 in its fruit and the general goods.

Claims

1. a Momordica grosvenori crossbreeding technology is characterized in that described Momordica grosvenori cross breeding method utilizes high ploidy strain to do the technology that the parent utilizes the Hyperploidy hybrid new breed of hybridization technique cultivation.

2. as female plant, the hexaploid plant is screened after by the liploid plant chromosome doubling and obtains by the hexaploid Momordica grosvenori for technology claimed in claim 1, wherein said high ploidy strain.

3. technology claimed in claim 1, wherein said another hybrid strain is dliploid Momordica grosvenori staminiferous plant, this dliploid can be with or without affiliation with the hexaploid strain.

4. Momordica grosvenori crossbreeding technology, its step is as follows successively:

A) Momordica grosvenori general planting method plantation hexaploid Momordica grosvenori female plant is pressed in the field;

B) field planting dliploid Momordica grosvenori staminiferous plant system;

C) when field dliploid staminiferous plant and hexaploid female plant are bloomed, get the hybridization of dliploid staminiferous plant pollen and hexaploid female plant, namely obtain hybridizing the Hyperploidy Momordica grosvenori after bearing fruit;

D) plant the hybridization Momordica grosvenori seed that obtains, therefrom the Screening and Identification heterosis, hybrid vigor is obvious, the hybridization strain that single fruit is large, the result is many, disease resistance is good;

E) the hybridization strain can be nourished and generated through the fast cyclophanes of group training or cuttage and be promoted, and maybe will hybridize the strain seed and further screen or be directly used in Momordica grosvenori production.

5. technology claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: field planting dliploid staminiferous plant and the hybridization of hexaploid female plant; Generation contains the fruit of hybridization tetraploid Momordica grosvenori seed in a large number after the hybridization; The plantation of tetraploid seed is by normally screening the new germ plasm resource that can obtain having the Hyperploidy advantage behind the Momordica grosvenori plant development.

6. technology claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the Hyperploidy crossbreeding can obtain a large amount of 4 times of body Momordica grosvenori hybrid Populations by this technology, and therefrom screens; Can overcome the shortcomings such as the root development of polyploid is slow and the sweet salidroside content of dliploid is low, fruit is little, disease resistance is poor shortcoming, cultivate and filter out well developed root system, sweet salidroside content is high, fruit is large, disease resistance is good new lines.

7. the described technology of claim 1-4 is characterized in that: described Momordica grosvenori hybridization technique is to utilize Hyperploidy strain and Hypoploidy strain cross to produce the new Hyperploidy of educating hybridization germ plasm resource.

8. the described technology of claim 1-4 is characterized in that: the new tetraploid strain that described screening obtains can be nourished and generated and produces seedling with technology such as the group fast cyclophanes of training or cuttages.

9. the described technology of claim 1-4 is characterized in that: the new tetraploid strain that described screening obtains can further be screened or carries out seedling production with seed.

10. a Momordica grosvenori Hybrid or strain are cultivated by the arbitrary described technology of claim 1-4 and to be formed.

11. the histoorgan of a seedless monordica grosvenori or cell are cultivated by the arbitrary described technology of claim 1-4 and to be formed.