CN103296671A - Overvoltage protection device and method for alternating current side of voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission system - Google Patents
Overvoltage protection device and method for alternating current side of voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103296671A CN103296671A CN2013101211679A CN201310121167A CN103296671A CN 103296671 A CN103296671 A CN 103296671A CN 2013101211679 A CN2013101211679 A CN 2013101211679A CN 201310121167 A CN201310121167 A CN 201310121167A CN 103296671 A CN103296671 A CN 103296671A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
- H02H7/1252—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers responsive to overvoltage in input or output, e.g. by load dump
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
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Abstract
The invention relates to an overvoltage protection device and method for the alternating current side of a voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission system. The overvoltage protective device is connected to two ends of a ground resistor of the converter transformer valve side in parallel and used for acting to lead failure current away, restraining the level of overvoltage of an alternating current circuit I (4) and protecting a converter valve body (9) when overvoltage of a direct current circuit (8) exists due to a fault of the alternating current circuit I (4) or a fault of the direct current circuit (8) or a valve base controller detects the phenomenon that the alternating current circuit I (4) breaks down. The protective device is rapid in action, strong in through-flow capacity, large in absorbed energy, and capable of rapidly protecting the valve body. A control protective device with a complicated structure and complicated functions is not needed. The overvoltage protective device is simple in structure, low in cost and easy to implement, reduces the cost of the alternating current and insulation cost of a converter valve, guarantees safety of the alternating current circuit and the converter valve, improves fault-resistance ability of a converter station, and guarantees safe and stable operation of the voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flexible DC power transmission system field, be specifically related to a kind of for flexible DC power transmission system interchange side overvoltage protection and guard method.
Background technology
Flexible DC power transmission is a kind of novel high voltage dc transmission technology, and it at power supply places such as hydroelectric plant or thermal power plants, becomes direct current with the conventional AC electricity by the voltage-source type current transformer, by transmission lines such as overhead wire or cables, electric power is delivered to load place, a distant place.Compare with the conventional high-tension direct current transportation, it is strong to have controllability, and the trend counter-rotating need not advantages such as reactive power compensation easily.
The flexible DC power transmission system is made up of three parts; comprise two current conversion stations that are positioned at power supply and load place; and direct current cables or the overhead wire at connection two stations, wherein nucleus equipment is flexible DC converter valve, its fail safe need obtain to guarantee reliably by protection system.
Have in the current conversion station one can be in the converter valve 5 of alternating current circuit I and 8 switchings of DC line, comprise through the power semiconductor valve 9 of 8 of alternating current circuit I and DC line, by such power semiconductor valve parameters of electric power is changed between AC and DC.In addition, a converter transformer 3 is arranged between alternating current circuit I and the alternating current circuit II, it is wye connection in alternating current circuit I valve side, and its neutral point is by resistance 6 ground connection.
Flexible DC converter station failure generally is divided into and exchanges three kinds of side fault, DC side fault and converter valve faults, and AC and DC side error protection is by station control system (being made up of assemblies such as voltage transformer, current transformer, the protection of alternating current-direct current side filter, tranformer protections) realization.
The dc system fault situation is judged by the interior direct current protecting system of present flexible DC converter station mainly, overvoltage protection under-voltage by direct current; when one pole ground short circuit faults take place in single-phase or DC line 8 at current conversion station internal communication circuit I; the non-fault phase voltage of alternating current circuit I may be brought up to 1.5～2 times of normal working voltage, and power semiconductor valve 9 may bear too high false voltage and damage.
The main no gap MOV in parallel of conventional power semiconductors valve 9 safeguard measures.This guard method will not have the two ends that gap MOV is connected in parallel on power semiconductor valve 9 usually; utilize the electric current and voltage nonlinear characteristic of MOV; may produce superpotential energy consumes by MOV; thereby make protected equipment avoid the impact of overvoltage, but defective such as this method exists action parameter to be difficult to adjust, energy stress is excessive, conducting is uncontrollable.And there are complex structure in other traditional circuit protective device such as bypass thyristor switch, and operate time is slow, bear shortcomings such as overcurrent capability is low.At the problems referred to above, increase in parallel protective device of the present invention can effectively reduce the alternating current circuit overvoltage on the converter transformer earth resistance, avoids change of current valve body inside is caused damage.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art; the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of interchange side overvoltage protection and guard method that is applicable to the flexible DC power transmission system; protective device adopts overvoltage or forces to puncture element and improve the overvoltage protection performance, solved alternating current circuit overvoltage problem in the station that the flexible DC power transmission system failure causes well.
When single phase ground fault or DC line generation one pole ground short circuit fault took place alternating current circuit I usually, alternating current circuit I is non-, and the fault phase voltage can raise.According to predefined voltage; adjust ground connection and puncture the gap; when voltage when setting puncture voltage, not conducting of protective device, transmission system is delivering power normally; in case and overvoltage reaches set point; protective device is breakdown, produces electric spark, and short circuit current is imported into the earth by this gap; suppress alternating current circuit I overvoltage, avoid converter valve valve body 9 and alternating current circuit I to damage because of overvoltage.
The objective of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of for flexible DC power transmission system interchange side overvoltage protection, described protective device is included in flexible DC converter station 1, be included in the flexible DC converter valve 5 of alternating current circuit I and 8 switchings of DC line, be provided with converter transformer 3 between described alternating current circuit I and the alternating current circuit II, described converter transformer 3 is star-like connection in alternating current circuit I valve side, and its neutral point is by earth resistance 6 ground connection; Described converter transformer 3 is triangular form or star-like connection in alternating current circuit II net side;
Its improvements are; described protective device 7; be parallel to earth resistance 6 two ends of converter transformer 3; be used for breaking down in alternating current circuit I or DC line 8 and cause alternating current circuit 8 overvoltage or when the valve base controller detects alternating current circuit I and is short-circuited fault; move and draw away fault current; suppress alternating current circuit I overvoltage level, protection converter valve valve body 9.
Preferably, described protective device 7 adopts the breakover element of spark gap; Described spark gap ground connection.
Preferably, described converter valve 5 is three-phase six brachium pontis structures; Each brachium pontis is formed by converter valve valve body 9; Described converter valve valve body 9 adopts thyristor to realize, comprises semiconductor device (as IGBT, IGET, IGCT or GTO) and the diode antiparallel with it that can turn-off.
The present invention is based on a kind of for flexible DC power transmission system interchange side over-voltage protection method that another purpose provides, its improvements are that the protective device 7 that described method is used is parallel to earth resistance 6 two ends of converter transformer 3; Described method comprises the steps:
Whether break down A, detection alternating current circuit, and described fault comprises alternating current circuit I single-phase, two-phase earth fault, DC line 8 one pole earth faults and bipolar short trouble;
B, when alternating current circuit I single phase ground fault or DC line one pole earth fault take place when, the spark gap both end voltage is increased to puncture voltage, and spark gap is punctured;
Or when control device detected the AC line short circuit fault, described control device sent trigger command to the afterflow gap, and forced-triggered afterflow gap punctures spark gap;
Spark gap causes the earth with fault current after puncturing;
After C, spark gap puncture, send return state information to control device, and issue block signal to converter valve 5, realize protection converter valve valve body 9.
Preferably, the protection collocation method that detects alternating current circuit I electric voltage over press is that alternating current circuit I voltage surpasses preset value, and the duration also reaches preset value, then protection device conducting immediately, the valve base controller trigger impulse of locking converter immediately simultaneously.
Preferably, default self-breakdown voltage size is not breakdown during overvoltage at alternating current circuit I voltage, breakdown when the I electric voltage over press of alternating current circuit, its this self-breakdown voltage size (the self-breakdown voltage size is 1.3-1.8 times of circuit rated voltage) is determined by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test.
Preferably, discharging current size (the discharging current size is 1.5-20 circuit rated current during puncture) is determined by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test during puncture.
Preferably, absorb energy size (absorbing energy size during puncture be the product integration in time of above-mentioned voltage and electric current) during puncture by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test definite.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is:
1, the protective device of the present invention's proposition is swift in motion, and through-flow energy is strong, and it is big to absorb energy, can protect valve body fast.
2, the control protective device that need not the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function complexity of the present invention's proposition.
3, the protective device of the present invention's proposition is simple in structure, and cost is low, is easy to realize.
4, reduce alternating current circuit and converter valve insulation costs;
5, ensure alternating current circuit and converter valve equipment safety;
6, improve current conversion station fault-resistant ability;
7, ensure the stable operation of flexible DC power transmission system safety.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 exchanges side overvoltage protection schematic diagram for the flexible DC power transmission system;
Wherein: the flexible DC converter station of 1-; 2-alternating current circuit II; The 3-converter transformer; 4-alternating current circuit I; The 5-converter valve; 6-resistance; The 7-protective device; The 8-DC line; 9-converter valve valve body.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is made further illustrated in greater detail.
Provided by the invention for the alternating current circuit I of flexible DC power transmission system and converter valve overvoltage protection as shown in Figure 1, protective device is included in the converter valve 5 of alternating current circuit I and 8 switchings of DC line, be provided with converter transformer 3 between described alternating current circuit I and the alternating current circuit II, described converter transformer 3 is star-like connection in alternating current circuit I valve side, and its neutral point is by earth resistance 6 ground connection; Described converter transformer 3 is triangular form or star-like connection in alternating current circuit II net side.
Converter valve 5 is three-phase six brachium pontis structures; Each brachium pontis is formed by converter valve valve body 9; Described converter valve valve body 9 adopts thyristor to realize, comprises IGBT and diode antiparallel with it.Its version includes but not limited to modular multilevel, H bridge chain type, IGBT series connection.
On neutral resistance 6 two ends of described protective device 7 converter transformers in parallel; be used for causing overvoltage or when the valve base controller detects alternating current circuit I failed shorted at alternating current circuit I, DC line fault; move and draw away fault current; suppress alternating current circuit I overvoltage level, protection converter valve valve body 9.
Protective device 7 adopts the spark gap breakover element; Spark gap ground connection.
The operation principle of the spark gap of employing provided by the invention is as follows:
When spark gap made its voltage surpass from trigger voltage because of alternating current circuit I single-phase earthing or DC line one pole earth fault, seal clearance triggered automatically.
Or when converter valve control protective device detects change of current alternating current circuit I (4) short trouble, send the forced-triggered order by optical fiber or cable and make its gap force conducting, make short circuit current flow through seal clearance fast.
Default puncture voltage size needs the assurance device can be not breakdown during overvoltage at alternating current circuit voltage, and can be breakdown when the electric voltage over press of alternating current circuit, and its big or small collocation method is for definite by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test.The collocation method of discharging current size is for determining by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test during puncture.Absorb the collocation method of energy size during puncture for determining by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test.
(1) determine that according to the calculating of flexible direct-current short circuit failure theory, Computer Simulation, test puncture voltage, short circuit current, the absorption energy particular content of spark gap are as follows:
Theoretical calculation process is: it is a voltage source U that converter transformer net top-cross is flowed bus 2 equivalences
sWith internal impedance Z
sSeries connection, according to converter transformer 3 no-load voltage ratio k and consider the anti-X of transformer valve side leakage
L, with voltage source U
sWith internal impedance Z
sConvert to transformer valve side.
Equivalence to the electromotive force of source of transformer valve side is: U
S2=kU
s
Internal resistance is: Z
S2=k
2Z
s+ X
L
Transformer voltage on valve side U during with normal operation
S20As initial condition, be 0 characteristics according to fault earthing place DC line (or alternating current circuit II is single-phase) voltage, set up the voltage of the non-fault phase of reflection ac bus at the mathematic(al) representation of earth fault process, calculate the false voltage expression formula of ac bus in the station according to initial condition and expression formula;
The non-fault phase voltage of ac bus u after the fault
Acn(t) be converter transformer valve side initial voltage U
S20, line impedance Z
S2With impedance ground Z
nFunction: u
Acn(t)=F (U
S20, Z
S2, Z
n, t); T represents the time.
Determine the puncture voltage of spark gap according to each phase voltage, alternating current circuit voltage peak (preferably 1.2 times) in the station when guaranteeing that this puncture voltage is higher than normal operation, the maximum of ac bus voltage when being lower than fault.In conjunction with the Mathematical Modeling of spark gap, can calculate discharging current, the absorption energy of spark gap under the false voltage effect.
The process of Computer Simulation is: in Computer Simulation software, set up valve system, transformer such as comprise, stand in the simulation model of DC line, converter valve and earth fault, by difference single-phase, two-phase earth fault emulation constantly, the amplitude of the non-fault phase voltage of ac bus in the station when obtaining fault.Determine the puncture voltage of spark gap according to this voltage, ac bus voltage (preferably 1.2 times) in the station when guaranteeing that this puncture voltage is higher than normal operation, the maximum of alternating voltage when being lower than fault.Set up the model of spark gap in simulation software, the maximum current that spark gap flows through during according to fault is determined the maximum current that spark gap allows.According to high-breakdown-voltage with allow maximum current to determine the energy that the spark gap needs absorb.
(2) determine the spacing distance of spark gap according to puncture voltage; Puncture voltage U is the function of gas pressure P and two interelectrode distance d and absolute temperature T: U=f(pd/T).
(3) a spark gap end in parallel is installed on the converter transformer valve side neutral resistance 6 other end ground connection;
(4) as accompanying drawing 1 when alternating current circuit I single-phase, two-phase ground connection or DC line one pole earth fault take place when, the spark gap both end voltage is increased to puncture voltage, thereby spark gap is punctured; Or when the alternating current circuit is short-circuited fault, voltage measuring apparatus or protective device monitoring spark gap both end voltage, the pilot spark gap by triggering forced-triggered afterflow gap, gap, punctures spark gap.
(5) short-circuit current flows through from spark gap, has suppressed alternating current circuit overvoltage level in the station, has avoided the overvoltage of converter valve valve body;
(6) after spark gap punctures, to control protective device return state information, when the control protective device detects the spark gap puncture, issue block signal to converter valve.
The invention still further relates to a kind of converter valve guard method for the alternating current circuit fault, the protective device 7 that described method is used is parallel to converter transformer valve side neutral resistance 6 two ends; Described method comprises the steps:
Whether A, detection protective device break down, and described fault comprises alternating current circuit I single-phase earthing 10, DC line one pole earth fault 10 and bipolar short trouble;
B, when alternating current circuit I single-phase earthing or DC line one pole earth fault take place when, the spark gap both end voltage is increased to puncture voltage, the disruptive spark gap;
Among the described step B, when alternating current circuit one pole earth fault took place, namely the voltage of spark gap surpassed it from trigger voltage, and spark gap triggers automatically.
Maybe when the AC line short circuit fault took place, described protective device sent trigger command to spark gap, and forced-triggered afterflow gap punctures spark gap;
After C, spark gap puncture, send return state information to control device, and issue block signal to converter valve 5, realize protection converter valve valve body 9.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although with reference to above-described embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is used for flexible DC power transmission system interchange side overvoltage protection, described protective device is included in flexible DC converter station (1), be included in alternating current circuit I(4) and DC line (8) between the flexible DC converter valve (5) that switches, described alternating current circuit I(4) and alternating current circuit II(2) between be provided with converter transformer (3), described converter transformer (3) is at alternating current circuit I(4) the valve side is star-like connection, its neutral point is by earth resistance (6) ground connection; Described converter transformer (3) is at alternating current circuit II(2) the net side is triangular form or star-like connection;
It is characterized in that; described protective device (7); be parallel to earth resistance (6) two ends of converter transformer (3); be used at alternating current circuit I(4) or DC line (8) break down cause alternating current circuit (8) overvoltage or detect alternating current circuit I(4 when the valve base controller) when being short-circuited fault; move and draw away fault current; suppress alternating current circuit I(4) overvoltage level, protection converter valve valve body (9).
2. interchange side overvoltage protection as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described protective device (7) adopts the breakover element as spark gap; Described spark gap ground connection.
3. interchange side overvoltage protection as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described converter valve (5) is three-phase six brachium pontis structures; Each brachium pontis is formed by converter valve valve body (9); Described converter valve valve body (9) adopts thyristor to realize, comprises semiconductor device and the diode antiparallel with it that can turn-off.
4. one kind is used for flexible DC power transmission system interchange side over-voltage protection method, it is characterized in that the protective device that described method is used (7) is parallel to earth resistance (6) two ends of converter transformer (3); Described method comprises the steps:
Whether A, detect the alternating current circuit and break down, described fault comprises alternating current circuit I(4) single-phase, two-phase earth fault, DC line (8) one pole earth fault and bipolar short trouble;
B, when alternating current circuit I(4 takes place) when single phase ground fault or DC line one pole earth fault, the spark gap both end voltage is increased to puncture voltage, and spark gap is punctured;
Or when control device detected the AC line short circuit fault, described control device sent trigger command to the afterflow gap, and forced-triggered afterflow gap punctures spark gap;
Spark gap causes the earth with fault current after puncturing;
After C, spark gap puncture, send return state information to control device, and issue block signal to converter valve (5), realize protection converter valve valve body (9).
5. interchange side over-voltage protection method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; the protection collocation method that detects alternating current circuit I (4) electric voltage over press is alternating current circuit I(4) voltage surpasses preset value; and the duration also reaches preset value; then protection device conducting immediately, while valve base controller is the trigger impulse of locking converter immediately.
6. interchange side over-voltage protection method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; default self-breakdown voltage size is at alternating current circuit I(4) voltage is not breakdown during overvoltage; at alternating current circuit I(4) breakdown during electric voltage over press, its this self-breakdown voltage size is definite by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test.
7. interchange side over-voltage protection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the discharging current size is determined by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test during puncture.
8. interchange side over-voltage protection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, absorbs the energy size during puncture and determines by theoretical calculating, Computer Simulation or test.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310121167.9A CN103296671B (en) | 2013-04-09 | 2013-04-09 | For flexible direct current power transmission system AC overvoltage protection and guard method |
| PCT/CN2013/074826 WO2014166130A1 (en) | 2013-04-09 | 2013-04-26 | Overvoltage protection device and protection method for alternating current side of flexible direct current transmission system |
| PCT/CN2013/087804 WO2014166262A1 (en) | 2013-04-09 | 2013-11-26 | Overvoltage protection device and protection method for alternating-current side of flexible direct-current power transmission system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310121167.9A CN103296671B (en) | 2013-04-09 | 2013-04-09 | For flexible direct current power transmission system AC overvoltage protection and guard method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103296671A true CN103296671A (en) | 2013-09-11 |
| CN103296671B CN103296671B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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| WO (2) | WO2014166130A1 (en) |
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| WO2014166262A1 (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2014-10-16 | 国家电网公司 | Overvoltage protection device and protection method for alternating-current side of flexible direct-current power transmission system |
| CN104300518A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-21 | 天津大学 | Quick direct current system protection scheme based on voltage source type current converter |
| CN104467393A (en) * | 2015-01-04 | 2015-03-25 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Device for preventing sub-module capacitor overvoltage |
| CN104734134A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-06-24 | 国家电网公司 | Inverter grounding system |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014166130A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
| CN103296671B (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| WO2014166262A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
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